Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and mortality among US adults: Prospective cohort study

BMJ (Online)

Volumn 343, Issue 7836, 2011, Pages 1245-

  Lazo, Mariana ^a   Hernaez, Ruben ^a   Bonekamp, Susanne ^b   Kamel, Ihab R ^b   Brancati, Frederick L ^a,c   Guallar, Eliseo ^a,c,d   Clark, Jeanne M ^a,c  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d CENTRO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACIONES CARDIOVASCULARES CNIC   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; GAMMA GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CANCER MORTALITY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LIVER DISEASE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; NEOPLASM; NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; AGED; ALGORITHMS; CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; FATTY LIVER; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; LIVER FUNCTION TESTS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PREVALENCE; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RESEARCH DESIGN; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; SAMPLING STUDIES; UNITED STATES;

EID: 83755178774     PISSN: 09598146     EISSN: 17561833     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.d6891     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Lazo M, Clark JM. The epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a global perspective. Semin Liver Dis 2008;28:339-50.
2. Adams LA, Sanderson S, Lindor KD, Angulo P. The histological course of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a longitudinal study of 103 patients with sequential liver biopsies. J Hepatol 2005;42:132-8. (Pubitemid 40038911)
3. Caldwell SH, Oelsner DH, Iezzoni JC, Hespenheide EE, Battle EH, Driscoll CJ. Cryptogenic cirrhosis: clinical characterization and risk factors for underlying disease. Hepatology 1999;29:664-9. (Pubitemid 29109578)
4. Clark JM, Diehl AM. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an underrecognized cause of cryptogenic cirrhosis. JAMA 2003;289:3000-4. (Pubitemid 37430103)
5. Harrison SA, Torgerson S, Hayashi PH. The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a clinical histopathological study. Am J Gastroenterol 2003;98:2042-7. (Pubitemid 37185803)
6. Matteoni CA, Younossi ZM, Gramlich T, Boparai N, Liu YC, McCullough AJ. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a spectrum of clinical and pathological severity. Gastroenterology 1999;116:1413-9. (Pubitemid 29258890)
7. Ascha MS, Hanouneh IA, Lopez R, Tamimi TA, Feldstein AF, Zein NN. The incidence and risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 2010;51:1972-8.
8. Bugianesi E, Leone N, Vanni E, Marchesini G, Brunello F, Carucci P, et al. Expanding the natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: from cryptogenic cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2002;123:134-40. (Pubitemid 34747534)
9. Sookoian S, Pirola CJ. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is strongly associated with carotid atherosclerosis: a systematic review. J Hepatol 2008;49:600-7.
10. Villanova N, Moscatiello S, Ramilli S, Bugianesi E, Magalotti D, Vanni E, et al. Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk profile in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2005;42:473-80. (Pubitemid 41061101)
11. Hamaguchi M, Kojima T, Takeda N, Nagata C, Takeda J, Sarui H, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a novel predictor of cardiovascular disease. World J Gastroenterol 2007;13:1579-84. (Pubitemid 46672668)
12. Targher G, Bertolini L, Poli F, Rodella S, Scala L, Tessari R, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of future cardiovascular events among type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes 2005;54:3541-6. (Pubitemid 43334347)
13. Targher G, Bertolini L, Rodella S, Tessari R, Zenari L, Lippi G, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is independently associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2007;30:2119-21. (Pubitemid 47219432)
14. Targher G, Day CP, Bonora E. Risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. N Engl J Med 2010;363:1341-50.
15. Adams LA, Lymp JF, St Sauver J, Sanderson SO, Lindor KD, Feldstein A, et al. The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based cohort study. Gastroenterology 2005;129:113-21. (Pubitemid 41002048)
16. Dam-Larsen S, Franzmann M, Andersen IB, Christoffersen P, Jensen LB, Sorensen TI, et al. Long term prognosis of fatty liver: risk of chronic liver disease and death. Gut 2004;53:750-5. (Pubitemid 38561456)
17. Dam-Larsen S, Becker U, Franzmann MB, Larsen K, Christoffersen P, Bendtsen F. Final results of a long-term, clinical follow-up in fatty liver patients. Scand J Gastroenterol 2009;44:1236-43.
18. Ekstedt M, Franzen LE, Mathiesen UL, Thorelius L, Holmqvist M, Bodemar G, et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with NAFLD and elevated liver enzymes. Hepatology 2006;44:865-73. (Pubitemid 46489550)
19. Jepsen P, Vilstrup H, Mellemkjaer L, Thulstrup AM, Olsen JH, Baron JA, et al. Prognosis of patients with a diagnosis of fatty liver-a registry-based cohort study. Hepatogastroenterology 2003;50:2101-4. (Pubitemid 37468003)
20. Teli MR, James OF, Burt AD, Bennett MK, Day CP. The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver: a follow-up study. Hepatology 1995;22:1714-9.
21. Dunn W, Xu R, Wingard DL, Rogers C, Angulo P, Younossi ZM, et al. Suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and mortality risk in a population-based cohort study. Am J Gastroenterol 2008;103:2263-71.
22. Ong JP, Pitts A, Younossi ZM. Increased overall mortality and liver-related mortality in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2008;49:608-12.
23. Ruhl CE, Everhart JE. Elevated serum alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase and mortality in the United States population. Gastroenterology 2009;136:477-85.
24. National Center for Health Statistics. Plan and operation of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Department of Health and Human Services publication No (PHS) 94-1308. Vital and health statistics. Series 1. No 32, 1994.
25. Clark JM, Brancati FL, Diehl AM. The prevalence and etiology of elevated aminotransferase levels in the United States. Am J Gastroenterol 2003;98:960-7. (Pubitemid 36733754)
26. Laboratory procedures used for the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988-1994. Department of Health and Human Services, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, National Center for Health Statistics, 1996.
27. Edwards CQ, Griffen LM, Goldgar D, Drummond C, Skolnick MH, Kushner JP. Prevalence of hemochromatosis among 11,065 presumably healthy blood donors. N Engl J Med 1988;318:1355-62.
28. Olynyk JK, Cullen DJ, Aquilia S, Rossi E, Summerville L, Powell LW. A population-based study of the clinical expression of the hemochromatosis gene. N Engl J Med 1999;341:718-24. (Pubitemid 29407371)
29. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: gallbladder ultrasonography procedure manual. Westat, 1988.
30. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: hepatic steatosis assessment procedure manual. National Center for Health Statistics, 2010.
31. NHANES III Mortality Follow-Up. National Center for Health Statistics Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 2010. Available from www.cdc.gov/nchs/data-access/data- linkage/mortality/nhanes3-linkage.htm.
32. Korn EL, Graubard BI, Midthune D. Time-to-event analysis of longitudinal follow-up of a survey: choice of the time-scale. Am J Epidemiol 1997;145:72-80. (Pubitemid 27009060)
33. Choi SS, Diehl AM. Hepatic triglyceride synthesis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Curr Opin Lipidol 2008;19:295-300. (Pubitemid 351653569)
34. Yamaguchi K. Inhibiting triglyceride synthesis improves hepatic steatosis but exacerbates liver damage and fibrosis in obese mice with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 2007;45:1366-74. (Pubitemid 46918320)
35. Hernaez R, Lazo M, Bonekamp S, Kamel I, Brancati FL, Guallar E, et al. Diagnostic accuracy and reliability of ultrasonography for the detection of fatty liver: a meta-analysis. Hepatology 2011; May 26. doi: 10.1002/hep.24452. [Epub ahead of print.]
36. Mofrad P, Contos MJ, Haque M, Sargeant C, Fisher RA, Luketic VA, et al. Clinical and histologic spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated with normal ALT values. Hepatology 2003;37:1286-92. (Pubitemid 36667307)
37. Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Clark JM, Bass NM, Van Natta ML, Unalp-Arida A, Tonascia J, et al. Clinical, laboratory and histological associations in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2010;52:913-24.