메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 49, Issue 28, 2016, Pages

Subgrid-scale physical parameterization in atmospheric modeling: How can we make it consistent?

Author keywords

adaptive mesh refinement; distribution; geophysical flows; mass flux; moments; Parameterization; subgrid scale

Indexed keywords


EID: 84975029749     PISSN: 17518113     EISSN: 17518121     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/1751-8113/49/28/284001     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (15)

References (188)
  • 1
    • 84922422488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parallel adaptive mesh refinement for large-eddy simulations of turbulent flows
    • 48-61
    • Antepara O, Lehmkuhl O, Borrell R, Chiva J and Oliva A 2015 Parallel adaptive mesh refinement for large-eddy simulations of turbulent flows Comput. Fluids 110 48-61
    • (2015) Comput. Fluids , vol.110 , pp. 48-61
    • Antepara, O.1    Lehmkuhl, O.2    Borrell, R.3    Chiva, J.4    Oliva, A.5
  • 2
    • 3843138534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cumulus parameterization problem: Past, present, and future
    • 2493-525
    • Arakawa A 2004 The cumulus parameterization problem: past, present, and future J. Clim. 17 2493-525
    • (2004) J. Clim. , vol.17 , pp. 2493-2525
    • Arakawa, A.1
  • 3
    • 0001241791 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of a cumulus cloud ensemble with the large-scale environment pt: I
    • 674-701
    • Arakawa A and Schubert W H 1974 Interaction of a cumulus cloud ensemble with the large-scale environment pt: I J. Atmos. Sci. 31 674-701
    • (1974) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.31 , pp. 674-701
    • Arakawa, A.1    Schubert, W.H.2
  • 4
    • 34249917362 scopus 로고
    • Spatiotemporal analysis of complex signals: Theory and applications
    • 683-739
    • Aubry N, Guyonnet R and Lima R 1991 Spatiotemporal analysis of complex signals: theory and applications J. Stat. Phys. 64 683-739
    • (1991) J. Stat. Phys. , vol.64 , pp. 683-739
    • Aubry, N.1    Guyonnet, R.2    Lima, R.3
  • 5
    • 84972308308 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of coherent structures in the wall region of a turbulent boundary layer
    • 115-73
    • Aubry N, Holmes P, Lumley J L and Stone E 1988 The dynamics of coherent structures in the wall region of a turbulent boundary layer J. Fluid Mech. 192 115-73
    • (1988) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.192 , pp. 115-173
    • Aubry, N.1    Holmes, P.2    Lumley, J.L.3    Stone, E.4
  • 6
    • 0033825648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dynamically adapting weather and dispersion model: The operational multiscale environment model with grid adaptivity (OMEGA)
    • 2044-76
    • Bacon D P et al 2000 A dynamically adapting weather and dispersion model: the operational multiscale environment model with grid adaptivity (OMEGA) Mon. Weather Rev. 128 2044-76
    • (2000) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.128 , pp. 2044-2076
    • Bacon, D.P.1
  • 7
    • 1842587755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian shallow-water model on locally refined grids
    • 53-65
    • Barros S R M and Garcia C I 2004 A global semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian shallow-water model on locally refined grids Mon. Weather Rev. 132 53-65
    • (2004) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.132 , pp. 53-65
    • Barros, S.R.M.1    Garcia, C.I.2
  • 9
    • 0028895319 scopus 로고
    • Modeling of trade-wind cumuli with a low-order turbulence model - Towards a unified description of Cu and Sc clouds in meteorological models
    • 455-63
    • Bechtold P, Cuijpers J W M, Mascart P and Trouilhet P 1995 Modeling of trade-wind cumuli with a low-order turbulence model - towards a unified description of Cu and Sc clouds in meteorological models J. Atmos. Sci. 52 455-63
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.52 , pp. 455-463
    • Bechtold, P.1    Cuijpers, J.W.M.2    Mascart, P.3    Trouilhet, P.4
  • 10
    • 0027009927 scopus 로고
    • A model of marine boundary-layer cloudness for mesoscale applications
    • 1723-44
    • Bechtold P, Fravalo C and Pinty J P 1992 A model of marine boundary-layer cloudness for mesoscale applications J. Atmos. Sci. 49 1723-44
    • (1992) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.49 , pp. 1723-1744
    • Bechtold, P.1    Fravalo, C.2    Pinty, J.P.3
  • 11
    • 49749108823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering vol 54) (Berlin: Springer) p
    • Behrens J 2006 Adaptive Atmospheric Modelling (Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering vol 54) (Berlin: Springer) p 207
    • (2006) Adaptive Atmospheric Modelling , pp. 207
    • Behrens, J.1
  • 12
    • 84973594731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stochastic parameterization: Towards a new view of weather and climate models
    • submitted to
    • Berner J et al 2016 Stochastic parameterization: towards a new view of weather and climate models Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. submitted to
    • (2016) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc.
    • Berner, J.1
  • 13
    • 11744289966 scopus 로고
    • Local adaptive mesh refinement for shock hydrodynamics
    • 64-84
    • Berger M J and Colella P 1989 Local adaptive mesh refinement for shock hydrodynamics J. Comput. Phys. 82 64-84
    • (1989) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.82 , pp. 64-84
    • Berger, M.J.1    Colella, P.2
  • 14
    • 48749141209 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive mesh refinement for hyperbolic partial-differential equations
    • 484-512
    • Berger M J and Oliger J 1984 Adaptive mesh refinement for hyperbolic partial-differential equations J. Comput. Phys. 53 484-512
    • (1984) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.53 , pp. 484-512
    • Berger, M.J.1    Oliger, J.2
  • 15
    • 12044259644 scopus 로고
    • The proper orthogonal decomposition in the analysis of turbulent flows
    • 539-75
    • Berkooz G, Holmes P and Lumley J L 1993 The proper orthogonal decomposition in the analysis of turbulent flows Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 25 539-75
    • (1993) Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. , vol.25 , pp. 539-575
    • Berkooz, G.1    Holmes, P.2    Lumley, J.L.3
  • 16
  • 17
    • 0001775903 scopus 로고
    • Turbulent diffusion flames
    • 101-35
    • Bilger R W 1989 Turbulent diffusion flames Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 21 101-35
    • (1989) Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. , vol.21 , pp. 101-135
    • Bilger, R.W.1
  • 19
    • 0035515160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A parameterization of the cloudness associated with cumulus convection: Evaluation using TOGA COARE data
    • 3158-83
    • Bony S and Emanuel K A 2001 A parameterization of the cloudness associated with cumulus convection: evaluation using TOGA COARE data J. Atmos. Sci. 58 3158-83
    • (2001) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 3158-3183
    • Bony, S.1    Emanuel, K.A.2
  • 20
    • 0019728603 scopus 로고
    • Modeling the trade-wind cumulus boundary-layer: I. Testing the ensemble cloud relations against numerical data
    • 2414-28
    • Bougeault P 1981 Modeling the trade-wind cumulus boundary-layer: I. Testing the ensemble cloud relations against numerical data J. Atmos. Sci. 38 2414-28
    • (1981) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.38 , pp. 2414-2428
    • Bougeault, P.1
  • 21
    • 0000832408 scopus 로고
    • An efficient, one-level, primitive-equation spectral model
    • 683-9
    • Bourke W 1972 An efficient, one-level, primitive-equation spectral model Mon. Weather Rev. 100 683-9
    • (1972) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.100 , pp. 683-689
    • Bourke, W.1
  • 22
    • 0000337948 scopus 로고
    • A multi-level spectral model: I. Formulation and hemispheric integrations
    • 687-701
    • Bourke W 1974 A multi-level spectral model: I. Formulation and hemispheric integrations Mon. Weather Rev. 102 687-701
    • (1974) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.102 , pp. 687-701
    • Bourke, W.1
  • 23
    • 84871994880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monge-Ampére based moving mesh methods for numerical weather prediction, with applications to the Eady problem
    • 247-70
    • Budd C J, Cullen M J P and Walsh E J 2013 Monge-Ampére based moving mesh methods for numerical weather prediction, with applications to the Eady problem J. Comput. Phys. 236 247-70
    • (2013) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.236 , pp. 247-270
    • Budd, C.J.1    Cullen, M.J.P.2    Walsh, E.J.3
  • 24
    • 84911888257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The geometry of r-adaptive meshes generated using optimal transport methods
    • 113-37
    • Budd C J, Russell R D and Walsh E 2015 The geometry of r-adaptive meshes generated using optimal transport methods J. Comput. Phys. 282 113-37
    • (2015) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.282 , pp. 113-137
    • Budd, C.J.1    Russell, R.D.2    Walsh, E.3
  • 25
    • 0011075775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An introduction to the proper orthogonal decomposition
    • 808-17
    • Chatterjee A 2000 An introduction to the proper orthogonal decomposition Curr. Sci. 78 808-17
    • (2000) Curr. Sci. , vol.78 , pp. 808-817
    • Chatterjee, A.1
  • 26
    • 0000591233 scopus 로고
    • Probability-distribution of a stochastically advected scalar field
    • 2657-60
    • Chen H D, Chen S Y and Kraichnan R H 1989 Probability-distribution of a stochastically advected scalar field Phys. Rev. Lett 63 2657-60
    • (1989) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.63 , pp. 2657-2660
    • Chen, H.D.1    Chen, S.Y.2    Kraichnan, R.H.3
  • 28
    • 0026067446 scopus 로고
    • Low-dimensional models for complex geometry flow: Application to grooved channels and circular cylinders
    • 2337-54
    • Deane A E, Kevrekidis I G, Karniadakis G E and Orszag S A 1991 Low-dimensional models for complex geometry flow: application to grooved channels and circular cylinders Phys. Fluids A 3 2337-54
    • (1991) Phys. Fluids , vol.3 , pp. 2337-2354
    • Deane, A.E.1    Kevrekidis, I.G.2    Karniadakis, G.E.3    Orszag, S.A.4
  • 29
    • 0001258481 scopus 로고
    • Closure of 2nd-moment and 3rd-moment rate equations for diffusion in homogeneous turbulence
    • 525-30
    • Deardorff J W 1978 Closure of 2nd-moment and 3rd-moment rate equations for diffusion in homogeneous turbulence Phys. Fluids 21 525-30
    • (1978) Phys. Fluids , vol.21 , pp. 525-530
    • Deardorff, J.W.1
  • 30
    • 67651043641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is asymptotic nondivergence of the large-scale tropical atmosphere consistent with equatorial wave theories?
    • 491-7
    • Delayen K and Yano J-I 2009 Is asymptotic nondivergence of the large-scale tropical atmosphere consistent with equatorial wave theories? Tellus A 61 491-7
    • (2009) Tellus , vol.61 , pp. 491-497
    • Delayen, K.1    Yano, J.-I.2
  • 31
    • 0347516596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective eddy viscosity in implicit large eddy simulations of turbulent flows
    • 3890-3
    • Domaradzki J A, Xiao Z and Smolarkiewicz P K 2003 Effective eddy viscosity in implicit large eddy simulations of turbulent flows Phys. Fluids 15 3890-3
    • (2003) Phys. Fluids , vol.15 , pp. 3890-3893
    • Domaradzki, J.A.1    Xiao, Z.2    Smolarkiewicz, P.K.3
  • 32
    • 84876537495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A data-driven multi-cloud model for stochastic parametrization of deep convection
    • Dorrestijn J, Crommelin D T, Biello J A and Bing S J 2013 A data-driven multi-cloud model for stochastic parametrization of deep convection Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 371 20120374
    • (2013) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. , vol.371
    • Dorrestijn, J.1    Crommelin, D.T.2    Biello, J.A.3    Bing, S.J.4
  • 33
    • 84899786370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmosphere and ocean modeling on grids of variable resolution - A 2D case study
    • 1997-2017
    • Düben P E and Korn P 2014 Atmosphere and ocean modeling on grids of variable resolution - a 2D case study Mon. Weather Rev. 142 1997-2017
    • (2014) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.142 , pp. 1997-2017
    • Düben, P.E.1    Korn, P.2
  • 34
    • 0028602156 scopus 로고
    • The Liuville equation and its potential usefulness for the prediction of forecast skill: I. Theory
    • 703-13
    • Ehrendrofer M 1994 The Liuville equation and its potential usefulness for the prediction of forecast skill: I. Theory Mon. Weather Rev. 122 703-13
    • (1994) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.122 , pp. 703-713
    • Ehrendrofer, M.1
  • 35
    • 0026305596 scopus 로고
    • A scheme for representing cumulus convection in large-scale models
    • 2313-35
    • Emanuel K A 1991 A scheme for representing cumulus convection in large-scale models J. Atmos. Sci. 48 2313-35
    • (1991) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.48 , pp. 2313-2335
    • Emanuel, K.A.1
  • 36
    • 1842735938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The spectral element atmosphere model (SEAM): High-resolution parallel computation and localized resolution of regional dynamics
    • 726-48
    • Fournier A, Taylor M A and Tribbia J J 2004 The spectral element atmosphere model (SEAM): high-resolution parallel computation and localized resolution of regional dynamics Mon. Weather Rev. 132 726-48
    • (2004) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.132 , pp. 726-748
    • Fournier, A.1    Taylor, M.A.2    Tribbia, J.J.3
  • 37
    • 0001721218 scopus 로고
    • On the use of a coordinate transformation for the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations
    • 209-28
    • Gal-Chen T and Sommerville C J 1975 On the use of a coordinate transformation for the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations J. Comput. Phys. 17 209-28
    • (1975) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.17 , pp. 209-228
    • Gal-Chen, T.1    Sommerville, C.J.2
  • 40
    • 0037116285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A PDF-based model for boundary layer clouds: I. Method and model description
    • 3540-51
    • Golaz J-C, Larson V E and Cotton W R 2002 A PDF-based model for boundary layer clouds: I. Method and model description J. Atmos. Sci. 59 3540-51
    • (2002) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.59 , pp. 3540-3551
    • Golaz, J.-C.1    Larson, V.E.2    Cotton, W.R.3
  • 41
    • 84890963492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-eddy simulation of decaying isotropic turbulence across a grid refinement interface using explicit filtering and reconstruction
    • 58-76
    • Goodfriend L, Chow F K, Vanella M and Balaras E 2013 Large-eddy simulation of decaying isotropic turbulence across a grid refinement interface using explicit filtering and reconstruction J. Turbul. 14 58-76
    • (2013) J. Turbul. , vol.14 , pp. 58-76
    • Goodfriend, L.1    Chow, F.K.2    Vanella, M.3    Balaras, E.4
  • 42
    • 0036645978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An operational multiscale hurricane forecasting system
    • 1830-47
    • Gopalakrishnan S G et al 2002 An operational multiscale hurricane forecasting system Mon. Weather Rev. 130 1830-47
    • (2002) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.130 , pp. 1830-1847
    • Gopalakrishnan, S.G.1
  • 43
    • 77953328474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A density current parameterization coupled with Emanuel's convection scheme: I. The Models
    • 881-97
    • Grandpeix J-Y and Lafore J-P 2010 A density current parameterization coupled with Emanuel's convection scheme: I. The Models J. Atmos. Sci. 67 881-97
    • (2010) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.67 , pp. 881-897
    • Grandpeix, J.-Y.1    Lafore, J.-P.2
  • 45
    • 44949266025 scopus 로고
    • Discrete multi-resolution analysis and generalized wavelets
    • 153-92
    • Harten A 1993 Discrete multi-resolution analysis and generalized wavelets Appl. Numer. Math. 12 153-92
    • (1993) Appl. Numer. Math. , vol.12 , pp. 153-192
    • Harten, A.1
  • 46
    • 0001266815 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive multiresolution schemes for shock computations
    • 319-38
    • Harten A 1994 Adaptive multiresolution schemes for shock computations J. Comput. Phys. 115 319-38
    • (1994) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.115 , pp. 319-338
    • Harten, A.1
  • 47
    • 0000917785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiresolution representation of data
    • 1205-56
    • Harten A 1996 Multiresolution representation of data SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 33 1205-56
    • (1996) SIAM J. Numer. Anal. , vol.33 , pp. 1205-1256
    • Harten, A.1
  • 48
    • 31744437884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An adaptive local deconvolution method for implicit les
    • 413-36
    • Hickel S, Adams N A and Domaradzki J A 2006 An adaptive local deconvolution method for implicit LES J. Comput. Phys. 213 413-36
    • (2006) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.213 , pp. 413-436
    • Hickel, S.1    Adams, N.A.2    Domaradzki, J.A.3
  • 49
    • 33645101949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new approach to computational turbulence modeling
    • 2865-80
    • Hoffman J and Johnson C 2006 A new approach to computational turbulence modeling Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 195 2865-80
    • (2006) Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. , vol.195 , pp. 2865-2880
    • Hoffman, J.1    Johnson, C.2
  • 50
    • 80054934526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulating deep convection with a shallow convection scheme
    • 10389-406
    • Hohenegger C and Bretherton C S 2011 Simulating deep convection with a shallow convection scheme Atmos. Chem. Phys. 11 10389-406
    • (2011) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.11 , pp. 10389-10406
    • Hohenegger, C.1    Bretherton, C.S.2
  • 53
    • 0141795368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A three-dimensional, adaptive, Godunov-type model for global atmospheric flows
    • 1848-64
    • Hubbard M E and Nikiforakis N 2003 A three-dimensional, adaptive, Godunov-type model for global atmospheric flows Mon. Weather Rev. 131 1848-64
    • (2003) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.131 , pp. 1848-1864
    • Hubbard, M.E.1    Nikiforakis, N.2
  • 56
    • 0002260533 scopus 로고
    • Where do we stand on maximum entropy?
    • Jaynes E T ed R D Levine and M Tribus (Cambridge: MIT Press) pp 15-18
    • Jaynes E T 1978 Where do we stand on maximum entropy? The Maximum Entropy Formulation ed R D Levine and M Tribus (Cambridge: MIT Press) pp 15-18
    • (1978) The Maximum Entropy Formulation , pp. 15-18
    • Jaynes, E.T.1
  • 57
    • 0026143059 scopus 로고
    • The minimal flow unit in near-wall turbulence
    • 213-40
    • Jiménez J and Moin P 1991 The minimal flow unit in near-wall turbulence J. Fluid Mech. 225 213-40
    • (1991) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.225 , pp. 213-240
    • Jiménez, J.1    Moin, P.2
  • 58
    • 84937438125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Representation of microphysical processes in cloud-resolving models: Spectral (bin) microphysics vs. Bulk-parameterization
    • 247-322
    • Khain A P et al 2015 Representation of microphysical processes in cloud-resolving models: spectral (bin) microphysics vs. bulk-parameterization Rev. Geophys. 53 247-322
    • (2015) Rev. Geophys. , vol.53 , pp. 247-322
    • Khain, A.P.1
  • 59
    • 0032586559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conditional moment closure for turbulent combustion
    • 596-687
    • Klimenko A Y and Bilger R W 1999 Conditional moment closure for turbulent combustion Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 25 596-687
    • (1999) Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. , vol.25 , pp. 596-687
    • Klimenko, A.Y.1    Bilger, R.W.2
  • 60
    • 0042827335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The modeling of turbulent reactive flows based on multiple mapping conditioning
    • 1907-25
    • Klimenko A Y and Pope S B 2003 The modeling of turbulent reactive flows based on multiple mapping conditioning Phys. Fluids 15 1907-25
    • (2003) Phys. Fluids , vol.15 , pp. 1907-1925
    • Klimenko, A.Y.1    Pope, S.B.2
  • 61
    • 84904578473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of adaptive mesh refinement for IMEX discontinuous Galerkin solutions of the compressible Euler equations with application to atmospheric simulations
    • 92-117
    • Kopera M A and Giraldo F X 2014 Analysis of adaptive mesh refinement for IMEX discontinuous Galerkin solutions of the compressible Euler equations with application to atmospheric simulations J. Comput. Phys. 275 92-117
    • (2014) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.275 , pp. 92-117
    • Kopera, M.A.1    Giraldo, F.X.2
  • 63
    • 0001545604 scopus 로고
    • Further studies of the parameterization of the influence of cumulus convection on the large-scale flow
    • 1232-40
    • Kuo H L 1974 Further studies of the parameterization of the influence of cumulus convection on the large-scale flow J. Atmos. Sci. 31 1232-40
    • (1974) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.31 , pp. 1232-1240
    • Kuo, H.L.1
  • 65
    • 0035418194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a unified parameterization of the boundary layer and moist convection: I. A new type of mass-flux model
    • 2001a 2021-36
    • Lappen C-L and Randall D A 2001a Toward a unified parameterization of the boundary layer and moist convection: I. A new type of mass-flux model J. Atmos. Sci. 58 2021-36
    • (2001) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 2021-2036
    • Lappen, C.-L.1    Randall, D.A.2
  • 66
    • 0035418608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a unified parameterization of the boundary layer and moist convection: II. Lateral mass exchanges and subplume-scale fluxes
    • 2001b 2037-51
    • Lappen C-L and Randall D A 2001b Toward a unified parameterization of the boundary layer and moist convection: II. Lateral mass exchanges and subplume-scale fluxes J. Atmos. Sci. 58 2037-51
    • (2001) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 2037-2051
    • Lappen, C.-L.1    Randall, D.A.2
  • 67
    • 0035417826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a unified parameterization of the boundary layer and moist convection: III. Simulations of clear and cloudy convection
    • 2001c 2052-72
    • Lappen C-L and Randall D A 2001c Toward a unified parameterization of the boundary layer and moist convection: III. Simulations of clear and cloudy convection J. Atmos. Sci. 58 2052-72
    • (2001) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 2052-2072
    • Lappen, C.-L.1    Randall, D.A.2
  • 68
    • 1642381418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic equations for cloud fraction and liquid water, and their relation to filtered density function
    • 338-51
    • Larson V E 2004 Prognostic equations for cloud fraction and liquid water, and their relation to filtered density function J. Atmos. Sci. 61 338-51
    • (2004) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.61 , pp. 338-351
    • Larson, V.E.1
  • 70
    • 0026301122 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of an atmospheric general circulation model to prescribed SST changes: Feedback effects associated with the simulation of cloud optical properties
    • 175-87
    • Le Treut H and Li Z X 1991 Sensitivity of an atmospheric general circulation model to prescribed SST changes: feedback effects associated with the simulation of cloud optical properties Clim. Dyn. 5 175-87
    • (1991) Clim. Dyn. , vol.5 , pp. 175-187
    • Le Treut, H.1    Li, Z.X.2
  • 71
    • 77957038800 scopus 로고
    • Energy cascade in large-eddy simulations of turbulent flows
    • 237-48
    • Leonard A 1974 Energy cascade in large-eddy simulations of turbulent flows Adv. Geophys. 418A 237-48
    • (1974) Adv. Geophys. , vol.418 , pp. 237-248
    • Leonard, A.1
  • 73
    • 0016472223 scopus 로고
    • The predictin of th efluctuations in the properties of free, round-jet, turbulent, diffusion flames
    • 109-24
    • Lockwood F C and Naguib A S 1975 The predictin of th efluctuations in the properties of free, round-jet, turbulent, diffusion flames Combust. Flame 24 109-24
    • (1975) Combust. Flame , vol.24 , pp. 109-124
    • Lockwood, F.C.1    Naguib, A.S.2
  • 74
    • 0002708045 scopus 로고
    • The structure of inhomogeneous turbulent flows
    • Lumley J L ed A M Yaglom and V I Tatarski (Moscow: Nauka) pp 166-78
    • Lumley J L 1967 The structure of inhomogeneous turbulent flows Atmospheric Turbulence and Radio Wave Propagation ed A M Yaglom and V I Tatarski (Moscow: Nauka) pp 166-78
    • (1967) Atmospheric Turbulence and Radio Wave Propagation , pp. 166-178
    • Lumley, J.L.1
  • 76
    • 0000094031 scopus 로고
    • Dynamic adaptivity using wavelets basis for the approximation of partial-differential equations
    • 405-10
    • Maday Y, Perrier V and Ravel J C 1991 Dynamic adaptivity using wavelets basis for the approximation of partial-differential equations C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris 312 405-10
    • (1991) C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris , vol.312 , pp. 405-410
    • Maday, Y.1    Perrier, V.2    Ravel, J.C.3
  • 77
    • 34547729090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiscale models with moisture and systematic strategies for superparameterization
    • 2726-34
    • Majda A J 2007 Multiscale models with moisture and systematic strategies for superparameterization J. Atmos. Sci. 64 2726-34
    • (2007) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.64 , pp. 2726-2734
    • Majda, A.J.1
  • 79
    • 80051826033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parameterizing convective organization to escape the entrainment dilemma
    • Mapes B and Neale R 2011 Parameterizing convective organization to escape the entrainment dilemma J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst. 3 M06004
    • (2011) J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst. , vol.3
    • Mapes, B.1    Neale, R.2
  • 80
    • 0002718925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The large-scale part of mesoscale convective system circulations: A linear vertical spectral band model
    • 29-55
    • Mapes B E 1998 The large-scale part of mesoscale convective system circulations: a linear vertical spectral band model J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan 76 29-55
    • (1998) J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan , vol.76 , pp. 29-55
    • Mapes, B.E.1
  • 81
    • 77954700859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precipitation downscaling under climate change: Recent developments to bridge the gap between dynamical models and the end user
    • Maraun D et al 2010 Precipitation downscaling under climate change: recent developments to bridge the gap between dynamical models and the end user Rev. Geophys. 48 RG3003
    • (2010) Rev. Geophys. , vol.48
    • Maraun, D.1
  • 83
    • 0000144705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-eddy simulation of convective boundary layers using nonoscillatory differencing
    • 390-7
    • Margolin L G, Smolarkiewicz P K and Sorbjan Z 1999 Large-eddy simulation of convective boundary layers using nonoscillatory differencing Physica D 133 390-7
    • (1999) Physica , vol.133 , pp. 390-397
    • Margolin, L.G.1    Smolarkiewicz, P.K.2    Sorbjan, Z.3
  • 85
    • 0037137982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Construction of commutative filters for les on unstructured meshes
    • 584-603
    • Marsden A L, Vasilyev O V and Moin P 2002 Construction of commutative filters for LES on unstructured meshes J. Comput. Phys. 175 584-603
    • (2002) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.175 , pp. 584-603
    • Marsden, A.L.1    Vasilyev, O.V.2    Moin, P.3
  • 86
    • 84945271498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An adaptive multiblock high-order finite-volume method for solving the shallow-water equations on the sphere
    • 121-62
    • McCorquodale P, Ullrich P A, Johansen H and Colella P 2015 An adaptive multiblock high-order finite-volume method for solving the shallow-water equations on the sphere Commun. Appl. Math. Comput. Sci. 10 121-62
    • (2015) Commun. Appl. Math. Comput. Sci. , vol.10 , pp. 121-162
    • McCorquodale, P.1    Ullrich, P.A.2    Johansen, H.3    Colella, P.4
  • 87
    • 0001184650 scopus 로고
    • Gaussian cloud model relations
    • 356-8
    • Mellor G L 1977 Gaussian cloud model relations J. Atmos. Sci. 34 356-8
    • (1977) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.34 , pp. 356-358
    • Mellor, G.L.1
  • 88
    • 0000265493 scopus 로고
    • A hierarchy of turbulence closure models for planetary boundary layers
    • 1791-806
    • Mellor G L and Yamada T 1974 A hierarchy of turbulence closure models for planetary boundary layers J. Atmos. Sci. 31 1791-806
    • (1974) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.31 , pp. 1791-1806
    • Mellor, G.L.1    Yamada, T.2
  • 89
    • 0020330926 scopus 로고
    • Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems
    • 851-75
    • Mellor G L and Yamada T 1982 Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 20 851-75
    • (1982) Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. , vol.20 , pp. 851-875
    • Mellor, G.L.1    Yamada, T.2
  • 90
    • 77953961239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The scale-adaptive simulation method for unsteady turbulent flow predictions: I. Theory and model description
    • 113-38
    • Menter F R and Egorov Y 2010 The scale-adaptive simulation method for unsteady turbulent flow predictions: I. Theory And model description Flow Turbul. Combust. 85 113-38
    • (2010) Flow Turbul. Combust. , vol.85 , pp. 113-138
    • Menter, F.R.1    Egorov, Y.2
  • 91
    • 0035067772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pressure-potential temperature covariance in convection with rotation
    • 89-110
    • Mironov D 2001 Pressure-potential temperature covariance in convection with rotation Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 127 89-110
    • (2001) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.127 , pp. 89-110
    • Mironov, D.1
  • 92
    • 55449115060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Turbulence in the lower troposphere: Second-order closure and mass-flux modeling frameworks
    • 161-221
    • Mironov D 2009 Turbulence in the lower troposphere: second-order closure and mass-flux modeling frameworks Lecture Notes Phys. 756 161-221
    • (2009) Lecture Notes Phys. , vol.756 , pp. 161-221
    • Mironov, D.1
  • 93
    • 84951267523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The multiscale organization of convection at the interaction of weather and climate
    • (AGU Geophysical Monograph) (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley) pp 3-26 vol
    • Moncrieff M W 2010 The multiscale organization of convection at the interaction of weather and climate Climate Dynamics: Why Climate Does Vary? (AGU Geophysical Monograph) (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley) pp 3-26 vol 189
    • (2010) Climate Dynamics: Why Climate Does Vary? , vol.189 , pp. 3-26
    • Moncrieff, M.W.1
  • 94
    • 0001848751 scopus 로고
    • Turbulent gravitational convection from maintained and instantaneous sources
    • 1-23
    • Morton B R, Taylor G I and Turner J S 1956 Turbulent gravitational convection from maintained and instantaneous sources Proc. R. Soc. London A 234 1-23
    • (1956) Proc. R. Soc. London , vol.234 , pp. 1-23
    • Morton, B.R.1    Taylor, G.I.2    Turner, J.S.3
  • 95
    • 69849113274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dual mass flux framework for boundary layer convection: II. Clouds
    • 1489-506
    • Neggers R A J 2009 A dual mass flux framework for boundary layer convection: II. Clouds J. Atmos. Sci. 66 1489-506
    • (2009) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.66 , pp. 1489-1506
    • Neggers, R.A.J.1
  • 96
    • 69849084031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dual mass flux framework for boundary layer convection: I. Transport
    • 1465-87
    • Neggers R A J, Köhler M and Beljaars A C M 2009 A dual mass flux framework for boundary layer convection: I. Transport J. Atmos. Sci. 66 1465-87
    • (2009) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.66 , pp. 1465-1487
    • Neggers, R.A.J.1    Köhler, M.2    Beljaars, A.C.M.3
  • 97
    • 73249115314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theme issue 'Mesh generation and mesh adaptation for large-scale Earth-system modeling'
    • 4473-654
    • Nikiforakis N 2009 Theme issue 'Mesh generation and mesh adaptation for large-scale Earth-system modeling' Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 367 4473-654
    • (2009) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. , vol.367 , pp. 4473-4654
    • Nikiforakis, N.1
  • 98
    • 11744289966 scopus 로고
    • Local adaptive mesh refinement for shock hydrodynamics
    • 64-84
    • Berger M J and Colella P 1989 Local adaptive mesh refinement for shock hydrodynamics J. Comput. Phys. 82 64-84
    • (1989) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.82 , pp. 64-84
    • Berger, M.J.1    Colella, P.2
  • 99
    • 0001276957 scopus 로고
    • Conceptual evolution of the theory and modeling of the tropical cyclone
    • 369-80
    • Ooyama K V 1982 Conceptual evolution of the theory and modeling of the tropical cyclone J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan 60 369-80
    • (1982) J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan , vol.60 , pp. 369-380
    • Ooyama, K.V.1
  • 100
    • 0027789670 scopus 로고
    • Extended-range atmospheric prediction and the Lorenz model
    • 49-65
    • Palmer T N 1993 Extended-range atmospheric prediction and the Lorenz model Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 74 49-65
    • (1993) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.74 , pp. 49-65
    • Palmer, T.N.1
  • 101
    • 84862160611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards the probabilistic Earth-system simulator: A vision for the future of climate and weather prediction
    • 841-61
    • Palmer T N 2012 Towards the probabilistic Earth-system simulator: a vision for the future of climate and weather prediction Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 138 841-61
    • (2012) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.138 , pp. 841-861
    • Palmer, T.N.1
  • 102
    • 33644658109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probabilistic prediction of climate using multi-model ensemble: From basic to applications
    • 1991-8
    • Palmer T N, Dobas-Reyes F J, Hagedorn R and Weisheimer A 2005 Probabilistic prediction of climate using multi-model ensemble: from basic to applications Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 360 1991-8
    • (2005) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. , vol.360 , pp. 1991-1998
    • Palmer, T.N.1    Dobas-Reyes, F.J.2    Hagedorn, R.3    Weisheimer, A.4
  • 103
    • 0031871622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cumulus parameterization with prognostic closure
    • 949-81
    • Pan D-M and Randall D A 1998 A cumulus parameterization with prognostic closure Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 124 949-81
    • (1998) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.124 , pp. 949-981
    • Pan, D.-M.1    Randall, D.A.2
  • 104
    • 33846155870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A low numerical dissipation patch-based adaptive mesh refinement method for large-eddy simulation of compressible flows
    • 63-87
    • Pantano C, Deiterding R, Hill D J and Pullin D I 2007 A low numerical dissipation patch-based adaptive mesh refinement method for large-eddy simulation of compressible flows J. Comput. Phys. 221 63-87
    • (2007) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.221 , pp. 63-87
    • Pantano, C.1    Deiterding, R.2    Hill, D.J.3    Pullin, D.I.4
  • 107
    • 32644450470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-eddy simulation of turbulent combustion
    • 453-82
    • Pitsch H 2006 Large-eddy simulation of turbulent combustion Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 38 453-82
    • (2006) Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. , vol.38 , pp. 453-482
    • Pitsch, H.1
  • 108
    • 84970020699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Singapore: World Scientific, Imperial College Press
    • Plant R S and Yano J-I (ed) 2015 Parameterization of Atmospheric Convection vol I and II (Singapore: World Scientific, Imperial College Press) http://worldscientific.com/worldscibooks
    • (2015) Parameterization of Atmospheric Convection , vol.12
    • Plant, R.S.1    Yano, J.-I.2
  • 109
    • 84857303379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new modeling framework for statistical cumulus dynamics
    • 1041-60
    • Plant R S 2012 A new modeling framework for statistical cumulus dynamics Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 370 1041-60
    • (2012) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. , vol.370 , pp. 1041-1060
    • Plant, R.S.1
  • 110
    • 84887616531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The energy-cycle analysis of the interactions between shallow and deep atmospheric convection
    • 27-52
    • Plant R S and Yano J-I 2013 The energy-cycle analysis of the interactions between shallow and deep atmospheric convection Dyn. Atmos. Ocean 64 27-52
    • (2013) Dyn. Atmos. Ocean , vol.64 , pp. 27-52
    • Plant, R.S.1    Yano, J.-I.2
  • 111
    • 0034746267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On an adquacy of the ten-dimensinal model for the wall layer
    • 210-24
    • Podvin B 2001 On an adquacy of the ten-dimensinal model for the wall layer Phys. Fluids 13 210-24
    • (2001) Phys. Fluids , vol.13 , pp. 210-224
    • Podvin, B.1
  • 112
    • 59649111376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A proper-orthogonal-decomposition-based model for the wall layer of a turbulent channel flow
    • Podvin B 2009 A proper-orthogonal-decomposition-based model for the wall layer of a turbulent channel flow Phys. Fluids 21 015111
    • (2009) Phys. Fluids , vol.21
    • Podvin, B.1
  • 113
    • 0032074812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A low-dimensional approach for the minimal flow unit
    • 121-55
    • Podvin B and Lumely J 1998 A low-dimensional approach for the minimal flow unit J. Fluid Mech. 362 121-55
    • (1998) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.362 , pp. 121-155
    • Podvin, B.1    Lumely, J.2
  • 114
    • 0002771966 scopus 로고
    • The statistical theory of turbulent flames
    • 529-68
    • Pope S B 1979 The statistical theory of turbulent flames Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London A 291 529-68
    • (1979) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London , vol.291 , pp. 529-568
    • Pope, S.B.1
  • 115
    • 0021788594 scopus 로고
    • PDF methods for turbulent reactive flows
    • 119-92
    • Pope S B 1985 PDF methods for turbulent reactive flows Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 11 119-92
    • (1985) Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. , vol.11 , pp. 119-192
    • Pope, S.B.1
  • 116
    • 58149206390 scopus 로고
    • Computations of turbulent combustion: Progress and challenges
    • 591-612
    • Pope S B 1990 Computations of turbulent combustion: progress and challenges Proc. Combust. Inst. 23 591-612
    • (1990) Proc. Combust. Inst. , vol.23 , pp. 591-612
    • Pope, S.B.1
  • 117
    • 0001472366 scopus 로고
    • Mapping closures for turbulent mixing and reaction
    • 255-70
    • Pope S B 1991 Mapping closures for turbulent mixing and reaction Theor. Comp. Fluid Dyn. 2 255-70
    • (1991) Theor. Comp. Fluid Dyn. , vol.2 , pp. 255-270
    • Pope, S.B.1
  • 118
    • 12044250729 scopus 로고
    • Lagrangian PDF methods for turbulent flows
    • 23-63
    • Pope S B 1994 Lagrangian PDF methods for turbulent flows Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 26 23-63
    • (1994) Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. , vol.26 , pp. 23-63
    • Pope, S.B.1
  • 119
    • 0141626774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An all-scale anelastic model for geophysical flows: Dynamic grid deformation
    • 601-22
    • Prusa J M and Smolarkiewicz P 2003 An all-scale anelastic model for geophysical flows: dynamic grid deformation J. Comput. Phys. 190 601-22
    • (2003) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.190 , pp. 601-622
    • Prusa, J.M.1    Smolarkiewicz, P.2
  • 120
    • 84887963735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond deadlock
    • 5870-1976
    • Randall D A 2013 Beyond deadlock Geophys. Res. Lett. 40 5870-1976
    • (2013) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.40 , pp. 1976-5870
    • Randall, D.A.1
  • 122
    • 0000408926 scopus 로고
    • Implementation of the Arakawa-Schubert cumulus parameterization with a prognostic closure
    • Randall D A and Pan D-M (Meteorological Monographs vol 46) ed K A Emanuel and D J Raymond (Boston: American Mathematical Society) pp 137-44
    • Randall D A and Pan D-M 1993 Implementation of the Arakawa-Schubert cumulus parameterization with a prognostic closure The Representation of Cumulus Convection in Numerical Models (Meteorological Monographs vol 46) ed K A Emanuel and D J Raymond (Boston: American Mathematical Society) pp 137-44
    • (1993) The Representation of Cumulus Convection in Numerical Models , pp. 137-144
    • Randall, D.A.1    Pan, D.-M.2
  • 123
    • 0009815793 scopus 로고
    • Observational constraints on cumulus parameterizations
    • Raymond D J (Meteorological Monographs vol 46) ed K A Emanuel and D J Raymond (Boston: American Mathematical Society) pp 17-28
    • Raymond D J 1993 Observational constraints on cumulus parameterizations The Representation of Cumulus Convection in Numerical Models (Meteorological Monographs vol 46) ed K A Emanuel and D J Raymond (Boston: American Mathematical Society) pp 17-28
    • (1993) The Representation of Cumulus Convection in Numerical Models , pp. 17-28
    • Raymond, D.J.1
  • 124
    • 21344480253 scopus 로고
    • A statistical cloud scheme for ruse in an AGCM
    • 1095-115
    • Richard J L and Royer J F 1993 A statistical cloud scheme for ruse in an AGCM Ann. Geophys. 11 1095-115
    • (1993) Ann. Geophys. , vol.11 , pp. 1095-1115
    • Richard, J.L.1    Royer, J.F.2
  • 125
    • 0000917473 scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric diffusion shown on a distance-neighbour graph
    • 709-37
    • Richardson L F 1926 Atmospheric diffusion shown on a distance-neighbour graph Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A 110 709-37
    • (1926) Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. , vol.110 , pp. 709-737
    • Richardson, L.F.1
  • 126
    • 0001573518 scopus 로고
    • On the heat balance in the equatorial trough zone
    • 503-38
    • Riehl H and Malkus J S 1958 On the heat balance in the equatorial trough zone Geophysica (Helsinki) 6 503-38
    • (1958) Geophysica (Helsinki) , vol.6 , pp. 503-538
    • Riehl, H.1    Malkus, J.S.2
  • 128
    • 84876832884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of deep convection by sub-cloud lifting processes: The ALP closure in the LMDD5B general circulation model
    • 2271-92
    • Rio C et al 2013 Control of deep convection by sub-cloud lifting processes: the ALP closure in the LMDD5B general circulation model Clim. Dyn. 40 2271-92
    • (2013) Clim. Dyn. , vol.40 , pp. 2271-2292
    • Rio, C.1
  • 129
    • 0000923277 scopus 로고
    • Coherent motions in the turbulent boundary layer
    • 601-39
    • Robinson S K 1991 coherent motions in the turbulent boundary layer Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 23 601-39
    • (1991) Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. , vol.23 , pp. 601-639
    • Robinson, S.K.1
  • 130
    • 0344829282 scopus 로고
    • Statistische theories nichthomogener turbulenz
    • 547-72
    • Rotta J C 1951 Statistische theories nichthomogener turbulenz Z. Phys. 129 547-72
    • (1951) Z. Phys. , vol.129 , pp. 547-572
    • Rotta, J.C.1
  • 131
    • 0001499457 scopus 로고
    • Multilevel adaptive methods for semiimplicit solution of shallow-water equations on a sphere
    • 2197-205
    • Ruge J W, McCormick S F and Yee S Y K 1995 Multilevel adaptive methods for semiimplicit solution of shallow-water equations on a sphere Mon. Weather Rev. 123 2197-205
    • (1995) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.123 , pp. 2197-2205
    • Ruge, J.W.1    McCormick, S.F.2    Yee, S.Y.K.3
  • 132
    • 34247588680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A combined eddy-diffusivity mass-flux approach for the convective boundary layer
    • 1230-48
    • Siebesma A P, Soares P M M and João Teixeira J 2007 A combined eddy-diffusivity mass-flux approach for the convective boundary layer J. Atmos. Sci. 64 1230-48
    • (2007) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.64 , pp. 1230-1248
    • Siebesma, A.P.1    Soares, P.M.M.2    João Teixeira, J.3
  • 134
    • 0000990160 scopus 로고
    • Models of precipitating cumulus towers
    • 471-89
    • Simpson J and Wiggert V 1969 Models of precipitating cumulus towers Mon. Weather Rev. 97 471-89
    • (1969) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.97 , pp. 471-489
    • Simpson, J.1    Wiggert, V.2
  • 135
    • 0020930810 scopus 로고
    • Cumulus clouds: Numerical models, observations and entrainment
    • Simpson J ed D K Lilly and T Gal (Dordrecht: Springer) pp 413-45
    • Simpson J 1983 Cumulus clouds: numerical models, observations and entrainment Mesoscale Meteorology - Theories, Observations and Models ed D K Lilly and T Gal (Dordrecht: Springer) pp 413-45
    • (1983) Mesoscale Meteorology - Theories, Observations and Models , pp. 413-445
    • Simpson, J.1
  • 136
    • 0027798396 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive grid refinement for two-dimensional and three-dimensional nonhydrostatic atmospheric flow
    • 788-804
    • Skamarock W C and Klemp J B 1993 Adaptive grid refinement for two-dimensional and three-dimensional nonhydrostatic atmospheric flow Mon. Weather Rev. 121 788-804
    • (1993) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.121 , pp. 788-804
    • Skamarock, W.C.1    Klemp, J.B.2
  • 137
    • 0001957739 scopus 로고
    • General circulation experiments with the primitive equations
    • 99-164
    • Smagorinsky J 1963 General circulation experiments with the primitive equations Mon. Weather Rev. 91 99-164
    • (1963) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.91 , pp. 99-164
    • Smagorinsky, J.1
  • 138
    • 13844264455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An eddy-diffusivity/mass-flux parametrization for dry and shallow cumulus convection
    • 3365-83
    • Soares P M M, Miranda P M A, Siebesma A P and Teixeira J 2004 An eddy-diffusivity/mass-flux parametrization for dry and shallow cumulus convection Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 130 3365-83
    • (2004) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.130 , pp. 3365-3383
    • Soares, P.M.M.1    Miranda, P.M.A.2    Siebesma, A.P.3    Teixeira, J.4
  • 139
    • 0001530069 scopus 로고
    • Subgrid-scale condensation in models of nonprecipitating clouds
    • 344-55
    • Sommeria G and Deadorff J W 1977 Subgrid-scale condensation in models of nonprecipitating clouds J. Atmos. Sci. 34 344-55
    • (1977) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.34 , pp. 344-355
    • Sommeria, G.1    Deadorff, J.W.2
  • 140
    • 49749109144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of two shallow water models with nonconforming adaptive grids
    • 1898-922
    • St-Cyr A, Jablonowski C, Dennis J M, Tufo H M and Thomas S J 2008 A comparison of two shallow water models with nonconforming adaptive grids Mon. Weather Rev. 136 1898-922
    • (2008) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.136 , pp. 1898-1922
    • St-Cyr, A.1    Jablonowski, C.2    Dennis, J.M.3    Tufo, H.M.4    Thomas, S.J.5
  • 142
    • 0030390113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A grid nesting method for large-eddy simulation of planetary boundary-layer flows
    • 167-202
    • Sullivan P P, McWilliams J C and Moeng C-H 1996 A grid nesting method for large-eddy simulation of planetary boundary-layer flows Bound. - Layer Meteorol. 80 167-202
    • (1996) Bound. - Layer Meteorol. , vol.80 , pp. 167-202
    • Sullivan, P.P.1    McWilliams, J.C.2    Moeng, C.-H.3
  • 143
    • 84927616840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An unstructured-mesh atmospheric model for nonhydrostatic dynamics: Towards optimal mesh resolution
    • 363-81
    • Szmelter J, Zhang Z and Smolarkiewicz P K 2015 An unstructured-mesh atmospheric model for nonhydrostatic dynamics: towards optimal mesh resolution J. Comput. Phys. 294 363-81
    • (2015) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.294 , pp. 363-381
    • Szmelter, J.1    Zhang, Z.2    Smolarkiewicz, P.K.3
  • 144
    • 0019263129 scopus 로고
    • Theory of homogeneous turbulence
    • 39-133
    • Tatsumi T 1980 Theory of homogeneous turbulence Adv. Appl. Mech. 17 39-133
    • (1980) Adv. Appl. Mech. , vol.17 , pp. 39-133
    • Tatsumi, T.1
  • 145
    • 84949794819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A unified parameterization of clouds and turbulence using CLUBB and subcolumns in the community atmosphere model
    • 3801-21
    • Thayer-Calder K et al 2015 A unified parameterization of clouds and turbulence using CLUBB and subcolumns in the community atmosphere model Geosci. Model Dev. 8 3801-21
    • (2015) Geosci. Model Dev. , vol.8 , pp. 3801-3821
    • Thayer-Calder, K.1
  • 146
    • 0037096559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prognostic parameterization for the subgrid-scale variability of water vapor and clouds in large-scale models and its use to diagnose cloud cover
    • 1917-42
    • Tompkins A M 2002 A prognostic parameterization for the subgrid-scale variability of water vapor and clouds in large-scale models and its use to diagnose cloud cover J. Atmos. Sci. 59 1917-42
    • (2002) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.59 , pp. 1917-1942
    • Tompkins, A.M.1
  • 148
    • 0040249269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A general class of commutative filters for les in complex geometries
    • 82-104
    • Vasilyev O V, Lund T S and Moin P 1998 A general class of commutative filters for LES in complex geometries J. Comput. Phys. 146 82-104
    • (1998) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.146 , pp. 82-104
    • Vasilyev, O.V.1    Lund, T.S.2    Moin, P.3
  • 150
    • 0344550393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extending Gal-Chen and Somerville terrain-following coordinate transformation on time-dependent curvilinear boundaries
    • 1-20
    • Wedi N P and Smolarkiewicz P K 2003 Extending Gal-Chen and Somerville terrain-following coordinate transformation on time-dependent curvilinear boundaries J. Comput. Phys. 193 1-20
    • (2003) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.193 , pp. 1-20
    • Wedi, N.P.1    Smolarkiewicz, P.K.2
  • 151
    • 73249134764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting mesh density for adaptive modeling of the global atmosphere
    • 4523-42
    • Weller H 2009 Predicting mesh density for adaptive modeling of the global atmosphere Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 367 4523-42
    • (2009) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. , vol.367 , pp. 4523-4542
    • Weller, H.1
  • 152
    • 84975034381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experiment, numerical modeling, numerical simulation, and their roles in the study of convection
    • Wyngaard J C ed E J Plate et al (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Pub.)
    • Wyngaard J C 1997 Experiment, numerical modeling, numerical simulation, and their roles in the study of convection Buoyant Convection in Geophysical Flows ed E J Plate et al (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Pub.) p 487
    • (1997) Buoyant Convection in Geophysical Flows , pp. 487
    • Wyngaard, J.C.1
  • 153
    • 0001108779 scopus 로고
    • Determination of bulk properties of tropical cloud clusters from large-scale heat and moisture budgets
    • 611-27
    • Yanai M, Esbensen S and Chu J-H 1973 Determination of bulk properties of tropical cloud clusters from large-scale heat and moisture budgets J. Atmos. Sci. 30 611-27
    • (1973) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.30 , pp. 611-627
    • Yanai, M.1    Esbensen, S.2    Chu, J.-H.3
  • 154
    • 0348232106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Planetary-scale coherent structures of tropical moist convection
    • 865-74
    • Yano J-I 1998 Planetary-scale coherent structures of tropical moist convection Aust. J. Phys. 51 865-74
    • (1998) Aust. J. Phys. , vol.51 , pp. 865-874
    • Yano, J.-I.1
  • 155
    • 77955584629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deep-convective vertical transport: What is mass flux?
    • 3535-53
    • Yano J-I 2009 Deep-convective vertical transport: what is mass flux? Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. 9 3535-53
    • (2009) Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. , vol.9 , pp. 3535-3553
    • Yano, J.-I.1
  • 156
    • 79551699058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Downscaling, parameterization, decomposition, compression: A perspective from the multiresolutional analysis
    • 65-71
    • Yano J-I 2010 Downscaling, parameterization, decomposition, compression: a perspective from the multiresolutional analysis Adv. Geophys. 23 65-71
    • (2010) Adv. Geophys. , vol.23 , pp. 65-71
    • Yano, J.-I.1
  • 157
    • 84864837992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactive comment on Simulating deep convection with a shallow convection scheme by Hohenegger, C, and Bretherton, C S, on PBL-based closure
    • C2411-25
    • Yano J-I 2011 Interactive comment on Simulating deep convection with a shallow convection scheme by Hohenegger, C, and Bretherton, C S, On PBL-based closure Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. 11 C2411-25
    • (2011) Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. , vol.11 , pp. C2411-C2425
    • Yano, J.-I.1
  • 158
    • 84876907662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mass-flux subgrid-scale parameterization in analogy with multi-component flows: A formulation towards scale independence
    • 2012a 1425-2440
    • Yano J-I 2012a Mass-flux subgrid-scale parameterization in analogy with multi-component flows: a formulation towards scale independence Geosci. Model Dev. 5 1425-2440
    • (2012) Geosci. Model Dev. , vol.5 , pp. 1425-2440
    • Yano, J.-I.1
  • 159
    • 84864857760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comments on a density current parameterization coupled with Emanuel's convection scheme: I. The Models
    • 2012b 2083-9
    • Yano J-I 2012b Comments on a density current parameterization coupled with Emanuel's convection scheme: I. The Models J. Atmos. Sci. 69 2083-9
    • (2012) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.69 , pp. 2083-2089
    • Yano, J.-I.1
  • 160
    • 84901586598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formulation structure of the mass-flux convection parameterization
    • 2014a 1-28
    • Yano J-I 2014a Formulation structure of the mass-flux convection parameterization Dyn. Atmos. Ocean 67 1-28
    • (2014) Dyn. Atmos. Ocean , vol.67 , pp. 1-28
    • Yano, J.-I.1
  • 161
    • 84901608074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basic convective element: Bubble or plume?: A historical review
    • 2014b 7019-30
    • Yano J-I 2014b Basic convective element: bubble or plume?: a historical review Atmos. Phys. Chem. 14 7019-30
    • (2014) Atmos. Phys. Chem. , vol.14 , pp. 7019-7030
    • Yano, J.-I.1
  • 162
    • 84920117015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convective kinetic energy equation under the mass-flux subgrid-scale parameterization
    • 2014c 37-53
    • Yano J-I 2014c Convective kinetic energy equation under the mass-flux subgrid-scale parameterization Dyn. Atmos. Ocean 69 37-53
    • (2014) Dyn. Atmos. Ocean , vol.69 , pp. 37-53
    • Yano, J.-I.1
  • 163
    • 84975065788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Downdraught
    • Yano J-I vol ed R S Plant and J I Yano (Singapore: World Scientific, Imperial College Press) pp 419-47
    • Yano J-I 2015 Downdraught Parameterization of Atmospheric Convection vol I ed R S Plant and J I Yano (Singapore: World Scientific, Imperial College Press) pp 419-47
    • (2015) Parameterization of Atmospheric Convection , vol.1 , pp. 419-447
    • Yano, J.I.1
  • 166
    • 77955580719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NAM-SCA: Nonhydrostatic anelastic model under segmentally-constant approximation
    • 1957-74
    • Yano J-I, Benard P, Couvreux F and Lahellec A 2010 NAM-SCA: nonhydrostatic anelastic model under segmentally-constant approximation Mon. Weather Rev. 138 1957-74
    • (2010) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.138 , pp. 1957-1974
    • Yano, J.-I.1    Benard, P.2    Couvreux, F.3    Lahellec, A.4
  • 169
    • 84975065918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactive comment on A minimum bulk microphysics J-I Yano and D Bouniol
    • C14638-54
    • Yano J-I and Bouniol D 2011 Interactive comment on A minimum bulk microphysics J-I Yano and D Bouniol Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. 10 C14638-54
    • (2011) Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. , vol.10 , pp. C14638-C14654
    • Yano, J.-I.1    Bouniol, D.2
  • 170
    • 2042427139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimations of mass fluxes for cumulus parameterizations from high-resolution spatial data
    • 2004b 829-42
    • Yano J-I, Guichard F, Lafore J-P, Redelsperger J-L and Bechtold P 2004b Estimations of mass fluxes for cumulus parameterizations from high-resolution spatial data J. Atmos. Sci. 61 829-42
    • (2004) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.61 , pp. 829-842
    • Yano, J.-I.1    Guichard, F.2    Lafore, J.-P.3    Redelsperger, J.-L.4    Bechtold, P.5
  • 171
    • 84901632832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards compressed super-parameterization: Test of NAM-SCA under single-column GCM configurations
    • 28237-303
    • Yano J-I, Kumar S and Roff G L 2012 Towards compressed super-parameterization: test of NAM-SCA under single-column GCM configurations Atmos. Phys. Chem. Discuss. 12 28237-303
    • (2012) Atmos. Phys. Chem. Discuss. , vol.12 , pp. 28237-28303
    • Yano, J.-I.1    Kumar, S.2    Roff, G.L.3
  • 172
    • 84906706672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convectively-generated gravity waves simulated by NAM-SCA
    • 9267-89
    • Yano J-I and Lane T P 2014 Convectively-generated gravity waves simulated by NAM-SCA J. Geophys. Res. 119 9267-89
    • (2014) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.119 , pp. 9267-9289
    • Yano, J.-I.1    Lane, T.P.2
  • 173
    • 84975039951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical archetype parameterization for mesoscale convective systems
    • at press
    • Yano J-I and Moncrieff M W 2016 Numerical archetype parameterization for mesoscale convective systems J. Atmos. Sci. at press
    • (2016) J. Atmos. Sci.
    • Yano, J.-I.1    Moncrieff, M.W.2
  • 174
    • 0039793506 scopus 로고
    • The attractor dimension of a quasi-geostrophic two-layer system
    • 77-91
    • Yano J-I and Mukougawa H 1992 The attractor dimension of a quasi-geostrophic two-layer system Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn. 65 77-91
    • (1992) Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn. , vol.65 , pp. 77-91
    • Yano, J.-I.1    Mukougawa, H.2
  • 175
    • 64249150289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale tropical atmosphere: Asymptotically non-divergent?
    • 417-27
    • Yano J-I, Mulet S and Bonazzola M 2009 Large-scale tropical atmosphere: asymptotically non-divergent? Tellus A 61 417-27
    • (2009) Tellus , vol.61 , pp. 417-427
    • Yano, J.-I.1    Mulet, S.2    Bonazzola, M.3
  • 176
    • 84870270927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convective quasi-equilibrium
    • 2012a
    • Yano J-I and Plant R S 2012a Convective quasi-equilibrium Rev. Geophys. 50 RG4004
    • (2012) Rev. Geophys. , vol.50
    • Yano, J.-I.1    Plant, R.S.2
  • 177
    • 84859786234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finite departure from convective quasi-equilibrium: Periodic cycle and discharge-recharge mechanism
    • 2012b 626-37
    • Yano J-I and Plant R S 2012b Finite departure from convective quasi-equilibrium: periodic cycle and discharge-recharge mechanism Q. J. R. Meteor. Soc. 138 626-37
    • (2012) Q. J. R. Meteor. Soc. , vol.138 , pp. 626-637
    • Yano, J.-I.1    Plant, R.S.2
  • 178
    • 84870261347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between shallow and deep convection under a finite departure from convective quasi-equilibrium
    • 2012c 3463-70
    • Yano J-I and Plant R S 2012c Interactions between shallow and deep convection under a finite departure from convective quasi-equilibrium J. Atmos. Sci. 69 3463-70
    • (2012) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.69 , pp. 3463-3470
    • Yano, J.-I.1    Plant, R.S.2
  • 179
    • 84949595820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generalized convective quasi-equilibrium principle
    • 10-33
    • Yano J-I and Plant R S 2015 Generalized convective quasi-equilibrium principle Dyn. Atmos. Ocean 73 10-33
    • (2015) Dyn. Atmos. Ocean , vol.73 , pp. 10-33
    • Yano, J.-I.1    Plant, R.S.2
  • 180
    • 27144542067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mode decomposition as a methodology for developing convective-scale representations in global models
    • 2313-36
    • Yano J-I, Redelsperger J-L, Guichard F and Bechtold P 2005 Mode decomposition as a methodology for developing convective-scale representations in global models Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 131 2313-36
    • (2005) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.131 , pp. 2313-2336
    • Yano, J.-I.1    Redelsperger, J.-L.2    Guichard, F.3    Bechtold, P.4
  • 181
    • 84924536523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basic concepts for convection parameterization in weather forecast and climate models: COST action ES0905 final report
    • 88-147
    • Yano J-I et al 2014 Basic concepts for convection parameterization in weather forecast and climate models: COST action ES0905 final report Atmosphere 6 88-147
    • (2014) Atmosphere , vol.6 , pp. 88-147
    • Yano, J.-I.1
  • 182
    • 23644435616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Madden-Julian oscillation
    • Zhang C 2005 Madden-Julian oscillation Rev. Geophys. 43 RG2003
    • (2005) Rev. Geophys. , vol.43
    • Zhang, C.1
  • 183
    • 0000217926 scopus 로고
    • Coherence and chaos in a model of turbulent boundary layer
    • 2855-74
    • Zhou X and Sirovich L 1992 Coherence and chaos in a model of turbulent boundary layer Phys. Fluids A 4 2855-74
    • (1992) Phys. Fluids , vol.4 , pp. 2855-2874
    • Zhou, X.1    Sirovich, L.2
  • 184
    • 79961022466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An adaptive high-order hybrid scheme for compressive, viscous flows with detailed chemistry
    • 7598-630
    • Ziegler J L, Deiterding R, Shepherd J E and Pullin D I 2011 An adaptive high-order hybrid scheme for compressive, viscous flows with detailed chemistry J. Comput. Phys. 230 7598-630
    • (2011) J. Comput. Phys. , vol.230 , pp. 7598-7630
    • Ziegler, J.L.1    Deiterding, R.2    Shepherd, J.E.3    Pullin, D.I.4
  • 185
    • 84873569272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A hierarchy of energy- and flux-budget (EFB) turbulence closure models for stably-stratified geophysical flows
    • 341-73
    • Zilitinkevich S S, Elperin T, Kleeorin N, Rogachevskii I and Esau I 2013 A hierarchy of energy- and flux-budget (EFB) turbulence closure models for stably-stratified geophysical flows Bound. - Layer Meteorol. 146 341-73
    • (2013) Bound. - Layer Meteorol. , vol.146 , pp. 341-373
    • Zilitinkevich, S.S.1    Elperin, T.2    Kleeorin, N.3    Rogachevskii, I.4    Esau, I.5
  • 186
    • 71149100469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy- and flux-budget (EFB) turbulence closure model for stably stratified flows: II. The role of internal gravity waves
    • 139-64
    • Zilitinkevich S S, Elperin T, Kleorin N, L'vov V and Rogachevskii I 2009 Energy- and flux-budget (EFB) turbulence closure model for stably stratified flows: II. The role of internal gravity waves Bound. - Layer Meteorol. 133 139-64
    • (2009) Bound. - Layer Meteorol. , vol.133 , pp. 139-164
    • Zilitinkevich, S.S.1    Elperin, T.2    Kleorin, N.3    L'Vov, V.4    Rogachevskii, I.5
  • 187
    • 34848855725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy- and flux-budget (EFB) turbulence closure model for stably stratified flows: I. Steady-state, homogeneous regimes
    • 167-91
    • Zilitinkevich S S, Elperin T, Kleorin N and Rogachevskii I 2007 Energy- and flux-budget (EFB) turbulence closure model for stably stratified flows: I. Steady-state, homogeneous regimes Bound. - Layer Meteorol. 125 167-91
    • (2007) Bound. - Layer Meteorol. , vol.125 , pp. 167-191
    • Zilitinkevich, S.S.1    Elperin, T.2    Kleorin, N.3    Rogachevskii, I.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.