Metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia patients associated with poor premorbid school performance in early adolescence

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica

Volumn 133, Issue 4, 2016, Pages 289-297

  de Nijs, J ^a   Pet, M A ^a   Cahn, Wiepke ^a   Bruggeman, Richard ^d   de Haan, Lieuwe ^b   Kahn, René S ^a   Meijer, Carin ^b   Myin Germeys, Inez ^c   van Os, Jim ^c,e   Wiersma, Durk ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^c MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^d UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER GRONINGEN   (Netherlands)

^e KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cognition; Metabolic syndrome; Premorbid functioning; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; COGNITION; CONTINUOUS PERFORMANCE TEST; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE DURATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; FEMALE; HUMAN; LIFESPAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL STATUS; SUBSTANCE USE; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; WECHSLER ADULT INTELLIGENCE SCALE; WORD LEARNING TASK; AGE; COGNITION DISORDERS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; METABOLISM; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHOLOGY; SOCIAL ADAPTATION; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE FACTORS; COGNITION DISORDERS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84961204209     PISSN: 0001690X     EISSN: 16000447     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/acps.12528     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Nordentoft M, Wahlbeck K, Hällgren J et al. Excess mortality, causes of death and life expectancy in 270, 770 patients with recent onset of mental disorders in Denmark, Finland and Sweden. PLoS One 2013;8:e0055176.
2. Ko YK, Soh MA, Kang SH, Lee JI. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in schizophrenic patients using antipsychotics. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci 2013;11:80-88.
3. McEvoy JP, Meyer JM, Goff DC et al. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia: baseline results from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) schizophrenia trial and comparison with national estimates from NHANES III. Schizophr Res 2005;80:19-32.
4. Grundy SM. Metabolic syndrome pandemic. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008;28:629-636.
5. Malik S, Wong ND, Franklin SS et al. Impact of the metabolic syndrome on mortality from coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and all causes in United States adults. Circulation 2004;110:1245-1250.
6. Ford ES. Risks for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes associated with the metabolic syndrome: a summary of the evidence. Diabetes Care 2005;28:1769-1778.
7. Hassenstab JJ, Sweat V, Bruehl H, Convit A. Metabolic syndrome is associated with learning and recall impairment in middle age. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2010;29:356-362.
8. McEvoy LK, Laughlin GA, Barrett-Connor E et al. Metabolic syndrome and 16-year cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults. Ann Epidemiol 2012;22:310-317.
9. Yau PL, Castro MG, Tagani A, Tsui WH, Convit A. Obesity and metabolic syndrome and functional and structural brain impairments in adolescence. Pediatrics 2012;130:856-864.
10. Segura B, Jurado MA, Freixenet N, Albuin C, Muniesa J, Junqué C. Mental slowness and executive dysfunctions in patients with metabolic syndrome. Neurosci Lett 2009;462:49-53.
11. Smith E, Hay P, Campbell L, Trollor JN. A review of the association between obesity and cognitive function across the lifespan: implications for novel approaches to prevention and treatment. Obes Rev 2011;12:740-755.
12. Riggs N, Chou CP, Spruijt-Metz D, Pentz MA. Executive cognitive function as a correlate and predictor of child food intake and physical activity. Child Neuropsychol 2010;16:279-292.
13. Kahn RS, Keefe RS. Schizophrenia is a cognitive illness: time for a change in focus. JAMA Psychiatry 2013;70:1107-1112.
14. Lindenmayer JP, Khan A, Kaushik S et al. Relationship between metabolic syndrome and cognition in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2012;142:171-176.
15. Boyer L, Richieri R, Dassa D et al. Association of metabolic syndrome and inflammation with neurocognition in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2013;210:381-386.
16. Boyer L, Testart J, Michel P et al. Neurophysiological correlates of metabolic syndrome and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: a structural equation modeling approach. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2014;50:95-105.
17. Li C, Zhan G, Rao S, Zhang H. Metabolic syndrome and its factors affect cognitive function in chronic schizophrenia complicated by metabolic syndrome. J Nerv Ment Dis 2014;202:313-318.
18. Meyer JM, Nasrallah HA, McEvoy JP et al. The Clinical Antipsychotic Trials Of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) Schizophrenia Trial: clinical comparison of subgroups with and without the metabolic syndrome. Schizophr Res 2005;80:9-18.
19. Seidman LJ, Buka SL, Goldstein JM, Tsuang MT. Intellectual decline in schizophrenia: evidence from a prospective birth cohort 28 year follow-up study. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2006;28:225-242.
20. Fuller R, Nopoulos P, Arndt S, O'Leary D, Ho BC, Andreasen NC. Longitudinal assessment of premorbid cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia through examination of standardized scholastic test performance. Am J Psychiatry 2002;159:1183-1189.
21. Batty GD, Gale CR, Mortensen LH, Langenberg C, Shipley MJ, Deary IJ. Pre-morbid intelligence, the metabolic syndrome and mortality: the Vietnam Experience Study. Diabetologia 2008;51:436-443.
22. Power C, Jefferis BJ, Manor O. Childhood cognition and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in midadulthood: the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study. Am J Public Health 2010;100:129-136.
23. Korver N, Quee PJ, Boos HB, Simons CJ, De Haan L, Group Investigators. Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (GROUP), a multi-site longitudinal cohort study focused on gene-environment interaction: objectives, sample characteristics, recruitment and assessment methods. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2012;21:205-221.
24. Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw J. Metabolic syndrome - a new world-wide definition. A Consensus Statement from the International Diabetes Federation. Diabet Med 2006;23:469-480.
25. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edn, text revision. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 2000.
26. Andreasen NC, Flaum M, Arndt S. The Comprehensive Assessment of Symptoms and History (CASH). An instrument for assessing diagnosis and psychopathology. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992;49:615-623.
27. Wing JK, Babor T, Burgha T et al. SCAN, Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990;47:589-593.
28. Kay SR, Opler LA, Fiszbein A. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1987;13:261-276.
29. World Health Organization. Composite International Diagnostic Interview, Version 1.0. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1990.
30. Andreasen NC, Pressler M, Nopoulos P, Miller D, Ho BC. Antipsychotic dose equivalents and dose-years: a standardized method for comparing exposure to different drugs. Biol Psychiatry 2010;67:255-262.
31. Farmacotherapeutisch Kompas (psychische aandoeningen)/antipsychotica. College van Zorgverzekeraars, Zorginstituut Nederland, 2015, http://www.fk.cvz.nl/.
32. Christensen BK, Girard TA, Bagby RM. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition short form for index and IQ scores in a psychiatric population. Eur J Psychol Assess 2007;19:236-240.
33. Velthorst E, Levine SZ, Henquet C et al. To cut a short test even shorter: reliability and validity of a brief assessment of intellectual ability in Schizophrenia - a control-case family study. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2013;18:574-593.
34. Brand N, Jolles J. Learning and retrieval rate of words presented auditorily and visually. J Gen Psychol 1985;112:201-210.
35. Nuechterlein KHR, Dawson ME. Information processing and attentional functioning in the developmental course of schizophrenic disorders. Schizophr Bull 1984;10:160-203.
36. Centraal Bureau Voor De Statistiek, 2011, /informatie/beleid/publicaties/maatwerk/archief, http://www.csb.nl.
37. Cannon-Spoor HE, Potkin SG, Wyatt RJ. Measurement of premorbid adjustment in chronic schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1982;8:470-484.
38. Allen DN, Frantom LV, Strauss GP, van Kammen DP. Differential patterns of premorbid academic and social deterioration in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2005;75:389-397.
39. Small NE, Mohs RC, Halperin R et al. A study of the reliability of reported premorbid adjustment in schizophrenic patients. Biol Psychiatry 1984;19:203-211.
40. McGurn B, Deary IJ, Starr JM. Childhood cognitive ability and risk of late-onset Alzheimer and vascular dementia. Neurology 2008;71:1051-1056.
41. Larsen TK, Friis S, Haahr U et al. Premorbid adjustment in first-episode non-affective psychosis: distinct patterns of pre-onset course. Br J Psychiatry 2004;185:108-115.
42. Walshe M, Taylor M, Schulze K et al. Familial liability to schizophrenia and premorbid adjustment. Br J Psychiatry 2007;191:260-261.
43. Yaffe K, Kanaya A, Lindquist K et al. The metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and risk of cognitive decline. JAMA 2004;292:2237-2242.
44. Bak M, Fransen A, Janssen J, Van Os J, Drukker M. Almost all antipsychotics result in weight gain: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014;9:e0094112.
45. Nasrallah HA. Linkage of cognitive impairments with metabolic disorders in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 2010;167:1155-1157.
46. Koola MM, Brown WV, Qualls C et al. Reduced arterial compliance in patients with psychiatric diagnoses. Schizophr Res 2012;137:251-253.
47. Orellana G, Slachevsky A. Executive functioning in schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2013;4:35.