Insights into the Neural and Genetic Basis of Vocal Communication

Cell

Volumn 164, Issue 6, 2016, Pages 1269-1276

  Konopka, Genevieve ^a   Roberts, Todd F ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

FOXP2; human brain; language; sensorimotor circuits; songbird; speech

Indexed keywords

BASAL GANGLION; BRAIN CORTEX; BRAIN FUNCTION; CEREBELLUM; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; HUMAN; LEARNING; LOCOMOTION; NERVE CELL; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SENSORIMOTOR INTEGRATION; SONGBIRD; VOCALIZATION; ANIMAL; BRAIN; GENETICS; METABOLISM; NERVE TRACT; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; PHYSIOLOGY; SPEECH;

FORKHEAD TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR;

ANIMALS; BRAIN; FORKHEAD TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; HUMANS; LEARNING; NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEURAL PATHWAYS; SPEECH; VOCALIZATION, ANIMAL;

EID: 84960391368     PISSN: 00928674     EISSN: 10974172     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.02.039     Document Type: Review

References (129)

1. K. Abe, S. Matsui, and D. Watanabe Transgenic songbirds with suppressed or enhanced activity of CREB transcription factor Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 112 2015 7599 7604
2. P. Adret, C.D. Meliza, and D. Margoliash Song tutoring in presinging zebra finch juveniles biases a small population of higher-order song-selective neurons toward the tutor song J. Neurophysiol. 108 2012 1977 1987
3. R.J. Agate, B.B. Scott, B. Haripal, C. Lois, and F. Nottebohm Transgenic songbirds offer an opportunity to develop a genetic model for vocal learning Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106 2009 17963 17967
4. P.A. Alm Stuttering and the basal ganglia circuits: a critical review of possible relations J. Commun. Disord. 37 2004 325 369
5. A. Amador, Y.S. Perl, G.B. Mindlin, and D. Margoliash Elemental gesture dynamics are encoded by song premotor cortical neurons Nature 495 2013 59 64
6. D.J. Araujo, A.G. Anderson, S. Berto, W. Runnels, M. Harper, S. Ammanuel, M.A. Rieger, H.C. Huang, K. Rajkovich, K.W. Loerwald, and et al. FoxP1 orchestration of ASD-relevant signaling pathways in the striatum Genes Dev. 29 2015 2081 2096
7. D. Aronov, A.S. Andalman, and M.S. Fee A specialized forebrain circuit for vocal babbling in the juvenile songbird Science 320 2008 630 634
8. C. Bacon, M. Schneider, C. Le Magueresse, H. Froehlich, C. Sticht, C. Gluch, H. Monyer, and G.A. Rappold Brain-specific Foxp1 deletion impairs neuronal development and causes autistic-like behaviour Mol. Psychiatry 20 2014 632 639
9. H. Barbas, M.A. García-Cabezas, and B. Zikopoulos Frontal-thalamic circuits associated with language Brain Lang. 126 2013 49 61
10. E.B. Becker, and C.J. Stoodley Autism spectrum disorder and the cerebellum Int. Rev. Neurobiol. 113 2013 1 34
11. E. Belton, C.H. Salmond, K.E. Watkins, F. Vargha-Khadem, and D.G. Gadian Bilateral brain abnormalities associated with dominantly inherited verbal and orofacial dyspraxia Hum. Brain Mapp. 18 2003 194 200
12. J.N. Betley, and S.M. Sternson Adeno-associated viral vectors for mapping, monitoring, and manipulating neural circuits Hum. Gene Ther. 22 2011 669 677
13. I. Blank, Z. Balewski, K. Mahowald, and E. Fedorenko Syntactic processing is distributed across the language system Neuroimage 127 2015 307 323
14. T.C. Bloomfield, T.Q. Gentner, and D. Margoliash What birds have to say about language Nat. Neurosci. 14 2011 947 948
15. J.J. Bolhuis, and S. Moorman Birdsong memory and the brain: in search of the template Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 50 2015 41 55
16. S.W. Bottjer, E.A. Miesner, and A.P. Arnold Forebrain lesions disrupt development but not maintenance of song in passerine birds Science 224 1984 901 903
17. K.E. Bouchard, N. Mesgarani, K. Johnson, and E.F. Chang Functional organization of human sensorimotor cortex for speech articulation Nature 495 2013 327 332
18. M. Brainard, and A. Doupe Interruption of a forebrain-basal ganglia circuit prevents plasticity of learned vocalizations Nature 404 2000 762 766
19. M.S. Brainard, and A.J. Doupe What songbirds teach us about learning Nature 417 2002 351 358
20. M.S. Brainard, and A.J. Doupe Translating birdsong: songbirds as a model for basic and applied medical research Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 36 2013 489 517
21. T.P. Brawn, and D. Margoliash A Bird's Eye View of Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation Curr. Top. Behav. Neurosci. 25 2015 207 237
22. L. Cattaneo Language Handb. Clin. Neurol. 116 2013 681 691
23. E.F. Chang, K.P. Raygor, and M.S. Berger Contemporary model of language organization: an overview for neurosurgeons J. Neurosurg. 122 2015 250 261
24. J.D. Charlesworth, T.L. Warren, and M.S. Brainard Covert skill learning in a cortical-basal ganglia circuit Nature 486 2012 251 255
25. G.B. Cogan, T. Thesen, C. Carlson, W. Doyle, O. Devinsky, and B. Pesaran Sensory-motor transformations for speech occur bilaterally Nature 507 2014 94 98
26. A. Craig-McQuaide, H. Akram, L. Zrinzo, and E. Tripoliti A review of brain circuitries involved in stuttering Front. Hum. Neurosci. 8 2014 884
27. J.T. Devlin, and K.E. Watkins Stimulating language: insights from TMS Brain 130 2007 610 622
28. G.S. Dichter Functional magnetic resonance imaging of autism spectrum disorders Dialogues Clin. Neurosci. 14 2012 319 351
29. N. Ding, L. Melloni, H. Zhang, X. Tian, and D. Poeppel Cortical tracking of hierarchical linguistic structures in connected speech Nat. Neurosci. 19 2015 158 164
30. A.J. Doupe, and P.K. Kuhl Birdsong and human speech: common themes and mechanisms Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 22 1999 567 631
31. N.F. Dronkers, O. Plaisant, M.T. Iba-Zizen, and E.A. Cabanis Paul Broca's historic cases: high resolution MR imaging of the brains of Leborgne and Lelong Brain 130 2007 1432 1441
32. W. Enard FOXP2 and the role of cortico-basal ganglia circuits in speech and language evolution Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 21 2011 415 424
33. W. Enard, S. Gehre, K. Hammerschmidt, S.M. Hölter, T. Blass, M. Somel, M.K. Brückner, C. Schreiweis, C. Winter, R. Sohr, and et al. A humanized version of Foxp2 affects cortico-basal ganglia circuits in mice Cell 137 2009 961 971
34. S.E. Fisher, and C. Scharff FOXP2 as a molecular window into speech and language Trends Genet. 25 2009 166 177
35. C.A. French, and S.E. Fisher What can mice tell us about Foxp2 function? Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 28 2014 72 79
36. S.A. Graham, and S.E. Fisher Understanding Language from a Genomic Perspective Annu. Rev. Genet. 49 2015 131 160
37. A.M. Graybiel Habits, rituals, and the evaluative brain Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 31 2008 359 387
38. E.O. Gronholm, M.C. Roll, M.A. Horne, P.C. Sundgren, and A.G. Lindgren Predominance of caudate nucleus lesions in acute ischaemic stroke patients with impairment in language and speech Eur. J. Neurol. 23 2015 148 153
39. M. Groszer, D.A. Keays, R.M. Deacon, J.P. de Bono, S. Prasad-Mulcare, S. Gaub, M.G. Baum, C.A. French, J. Nicod, J.A. Coventry, and et al. Impaired synaptic plasticity and motor learning in mice with a point mutation implicated in human speech deficits Curr. Biol. 18 2008 354 362
40. L.A. Gunaydin, and A.C. Kreitzer Cortico-basal ganglia circuit function in psychiatric disease Annu. Rev. Physiol. 78 2015 327 350
41. C. Habas, N. Kamdar, D. Nguyen, K. Prater, C.F. Beckmann, V. Menon, and M.D. Greicius Distinct cerebellar contributions to intrinsic connectivity networks J. Neurosci. 29 2009 8586 8594
42. S. Haesler, K. Wada, A. Nshdejan, E.E. Morrisey, T. Lints, E.D. Jarvis, and C. Scharff FoxP2 expression in avian vocal learners and non-learners J. Neurosci. 24 2004 3164 3175
43. S. Haesler, C. Rochefort, B. Georgi, P. Licznerski, P. Osten, and C. Scharff Incomplete and inaccurate vocal imitation after knockdown of FoxP2 in songbird basal ganglia nucleus Area X PLoS Biol. 5 2007 e321
44. R.H. Hahnloser, A.A. Kozhevnikov, and M.S. Fee An ultra-sparse code underlies the generation of neural sequences in a songbird Nature 419 2002 65 70
45. K. Hammerschmidt, G. Whelan, G. Eichele, and J. Fischer Mice lacking the cerebral cortex develop normal song: insights into the foundations of vocal learning Sci. Rep. 5 2015 8808
46. D.R. Hampson, and G.J. Blatt Autism spectrum disorders and neuropathology of the cerebellum Front. Neurosci. 9 2015 420
47. M. Hawrylycz, J.A. Miller, V. Menon, D. Feng, T. Dolbeare, A.L. Guillozet-Bongaarts, A.G. Jegga, B.J. Aronow, C.K. Lee, A. Bernard, and et al. Canonical genetic signatures of the adult human brain Nat. Neurosci. 18 2015 1832 1844
48. M. Heidenreich, and F. Zhang Applications of CRISPR-Cas systems in neuroscience Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 17 2016 36 44
49. M. Heiman, A. Schaefer, S. Gong, J.D. Peterson, M. Day, K.E. Ramsey, M. Suárez-Fariñas, C. Schwarz, D.A. Stephan, D.J. Surmeier, and et al. A translational profiling approach for the molecular characterization of CNS cell types Cell 135 2008 738 748
50. T.H. Heinks-Maldonado, D.H. Mathalon, J.F. Houde, M. Gray, W.O. Faustman, and J.M. Ford Relationship of imprecise corollary discharge in schizophrenia to auditory hallucinations Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 64 2007 286 296
51. G. Hickok, J. Houde, and F. Rong Sensorimotor integration in speech processing: computational basis and neural organization Neuron 69 2011 407 422
52. G.H. Holmes The symptoms of acute cerebellar injuries due to gunshot injuries Brain 40 1917 461 535
53. T.E. Holy, and Z. Guo Ultrasonic songs of male mice PLoS Biol. 3 2005 e386
54. G. Horga, K.C. Schatz, A. Abi-Dargham, and B.S. Peterson Deficits in predictive coding underlie hallucinations in schizophrenia J. Neurosci. 34 2014 8072 8082
55. K. Hugdahl Auditory hallucinations: A review of the ERC "VOICE" project World J. Psychiatry 5 2015 193 209
56. E.D. Jarvis Learned birdsong and the neurobiology of human language Ann. N Y Acad. Sci. 1016 2004 749 777
57. N.M. Kleinhans, R.A. Müller, D.N. Cohen, and E. Courchesne Atypical functional lateralization of language in autism spectrum disorders Brain Res. 1221 2008 115 125
58. G. Konopka, and T.F. Roberts Animal Models of Speech and Vocal Communication Deficits Associated With Psychiatric Disorders Biol. Psychiatry 79 2016 53 61
59. G. Konopka, J.M. Bomar, K. Winden, G. Coppola, Z.O. Jonsson, F. Gao, S. Peng, T.M. Preuss, J.A. Wohlschlegel, and D.H. Geschwind Human-specific transcriptional regulation of CNS development genes by FOXP2 Nature 462 2009 213 217
60. G. Kosche, D. Vallentin, and M.A. Long Interplay of inhibition and excitation shapes a premotor neural sequence J. Neurosci. 35 2015 1217 1227
61. F.M. Krienen, and R.L. Buckner Segregated fronto-cerebellar circuits revealed by intrinsic functional connectivity Cereb. Cortex 19 2009 2485 2497
62. B.D. Kuebrich, and S.J. Sober Variations on a theme: Songbirds, variability, and sensorimotor error correction Neuroscience 296 2015 48 54
63. C.S. Lai, S.E. Fisher, J.A. Hurst, F. Vargha-Khadem, and A.P. Monaco A forkhead-domain gene is mutated in a severe speech and language disorder Nature 413 2001 519 523
64. A. Leblois, and D.J. Perkel Striatal dopamine modulates song spectral but not temporal features through D1 receptors Eur. J. Neurosci. 35 2012 1771 1781
65. A. Leblois, B.J. Wendel, and D.J. Perkel Striatal dopamine modulates basal ganglia output and regulates social context-dependent behavioral variability through D1 receptors J. Neurosci. 30 2010 5730 5743
66. S. Lepp, A. Anderson, and G. Konopka Connecting signaling pathways underlying communication to ASD vulnerability Int. Rev. Neurobiol. 113 2013 97 133
67. F. Liégeois, T. Baldeweg, A. Connelly, D.G. Gadian, M. Mishkin, and F. Vargha-Khadem Language fMRI abnormalities associated with FOXP2 gene mutation Nat. Neurosci. 6 2003 1230 1237
68. F. Liégeois, A.T. Morgan, A. Connelly, and F. Vargha-Khadem Endophenotypes of FOXP2: dysfunction within the human articulatory network Eur. J. Paediatr. Neurol. 15 2011 283 288
69. W.C. Liu, J. Kohn, S.K. Szwed, E. Pariser, S. Sepe, B. Haripal, N. Oshimori, M. Marsala, A. Miyanohara, and R. Lee Human mutant huntingtin disrupts vocal learning in transgenic songbirds Nat. Neurosci. 18 2015 1617 1622
70. M.V. Lombardo, K. Pierce, L.T. Eyler, C. Carter Barnes, C. Ahrens-Barbeau, S. Solso, K. Campbell, and E. Courchesne Different functional neural substrates for good and poor language outcome in autism Neuron 86 2015 567 577
71. M.A. Long, and M.S. Fee Using temperature to analyse temporal dynamics in the songbird motor pathway Nature 456 2008 189 194
72. M.A. Long, D.Z. Jin, and M.S. Fee Support for a synaptic chain model of neuronal sequence generation Nature 468 2010 394 399
73. M. Manto, J.M. Bower, A.B. Conforto, J.M. Delgado-García, S.N. da Guarda, M. Gerwig, C. Habas, N. Hagura, R.B. Ivry, P. Mariën, and et al. Consensus paper: roles of the cerebellum in motor control - the diversity of ideas on cerebellar involvement in movement Cerebellum 11 2012 457 487
74. P. Mariën, H. Ackermann, M. Adamaszek, C.H. Barwood, A. Beaton, J. Desmond, E. De Witte, A.J. Fawcett, I. Hertrich, M. Küper, and et al. Consensus paper: Language and the cerebellum: an ongoing enigma Cerebellum 13 2014 386 410
75. J.E. Markowitz, W.A. Liberti 3rd, G. Guitchounts, T. Velho, C. Lois, and T.J. Gardner Mesoscopic patterns of neural activity support songbird cortical sequences PLoS Biol. 13 2015 e1002158
76. P.J. Mathews, L.K. Obler, and M.L. Albert Wernicke and Alzheimer on the language disturbances of dementia and aphasia Brain Lang. 46 1994 439 462
77. N. Mesgarani, C. Cheung, K. Johnson, and E.F. Chang Phonetic feature encoding in human superior temporal gyrus Science 343 2014 1006 1010
78. R. Mooney Auditory-vocal mirroring in songbirds Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 369 2014 20130179
79. R. Mooney, J.F. Prather, and T.F. Roberts Birdsong, a neurethological approach to learning and memory J.H. Byrne, Learning and memory: a comprehensive reference (memory systems volume) 2008 Elsevier
80. M.W. Mosconi, Z. Wang, L.M. Schmitt, P. Tsai, and J.A. Sweeney The role of cerebellar circuitry alterations in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders Front. Neurosci. 9 2015 296
81. B.E. Murdoch The cerebellum and language: historical perspective and review Cortex 46 2010 858 868
82. M. Murugan, S. Harward, C. Scharff, and R. Mooney Diminished FoxP2 levels affect dopaminergic modulation of corticostriatal signaling important to song variability Neuron 80 2013 1464 1476
83. A.B. Nelson, and A.C. Kreitzer Reassessing models of basal ganglia function and dysfunction Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 37 2014 117 135
84. D.F. Newbury, and A.P. Monaco Genetic advances in the study of speech and language disorders Neuron 68 2010 309 320
85. S. Norman-Haignere, N.G. Kanwisher, and J.H. McDermott Distinct Cortical Pathways for Music and Speech Revealed by Hypothesis-Free Voxel Decomposition Neuron 88 2015 1281 1296
86. H. Okano, A. Miyawaki, and K. Kasai Brain/MINDS: brain-mapping project in Japan Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 370 2015 Published online May 19, 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0310
87. T.S. Okubo, E.L. Mackevicius, H.L. Payne, G.F. Lynch, and M.S. Fee Growth and splitting of neural sequences in songbird vocal development Nature 528 2015 352 357
88. B.P. Olveczky, A.S. Andalman, and M.S. Fee Vocal experimentation in the juvenile songbird requires a basal ganglia circuit PLoS Biol. 3 2005 e153
89. W.Y. Peh, T.F. Roberts, and R. Mooney Imaging auditory representations of song and syllables in populations of sensorimotor neurons essential to vocal communication J. Neurosci. 35 2015 5589 5605
90. W. Penfield, and T. Rasmussen Vocalization and arrest of speech Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry 61 1949 21 27
91. D. Poeppel The maps problem and the mapping problem: two challenges for a cognitive neuroscience of speech and language Cogn. Neuropsychol. 29 2012 34 55
92. C.V. Portfors, and D.J. Perkel The role of ultrasonic vocalizations in mouse communication Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 28 2014 115 120
93. M.A. Pouladi, A.J. Morton, and M.R. Hayden Choosing an animal model for the study of Huntington's disease Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 14 2013 708 721
94. J.F. Prather, S. Peters, S. Nowicki, and R. Mooney Persistent representation of juvenile experience in the adult songbird brain J. Neurosci. 30 2010 10586 10598
95. C.J. Price The anatomy of language: a review of 100 fMRI studies published in 2009 Ann. N Y Acad. Sci. 1191 2010 62 88
96. P. Redgrave, M. Rodriguez, Y. Smith, M.C. Rodriguez-Oroz, S. Lehericy, H. Bergman, Y. Agid, M.R. DeLong, and J.A. Obeso Goal-directed and habitual control in the basal ganglia: implications for Parkinson's disease Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 11 2010 760 772
97. J. Richiardi, A. Altmann, A.C. Milazzo, C. Chang, M.M. Chakravarty, T. Banaschewski, G.J. Barker, A.L. Bokde, U. Bromberg, C. Büchel, et al. IMAGEN consortium BRAIN NETWORKS. Correlated gene expression supports synchronous activity in brain networks Science 348 2015 1241 1244
98. T.F. Roberts, and R. Mooney Motor circuits help encode auditory memories of vocal models used to guide vocal learning Hear. Res. 303 2013 48 57
99. T.F. Roberts, K.A. Tschida, M.E. Klein, and R. Mooney Rapid spine stabilization and synaptic enhancement at the onset of behavioural learning Nature 463 2010 948 952
100. T.F. Roberts, S.M. Gobes, M. Murugan, B.P. Ölveczky, and R. Mooney Motor circuits are required to encode a sensory model for imitative learning Nat. Neurosci. 15 2012 1454 1459
101. P. Roll, G. Rudolf, S. Pereira, B. Royer, I.E. Scheffer, A. Massacrier, M.P. Valenti, N. Roeckel-Trevisiol, S. Jamali, C. Beclin, and et al. SRPX2 mutations in disorders of language cortex and cognition Hum. Mol. Genet. 15 2006 1195 1207
102. P. Roll, S.C. Vernes, N. Bruneau, J. Cillario, M. Ponsole-Lenfant, A. Massacrier, G. Rudolf, M. Khalife, E. Hirsch, S.E. Fisher, and P. Szepetowski Molecular networks implicated in speech-related disorders: FOXP2 regulates the SRPX2/uPAR complex Hum. Mol. Genet. 19 2010 4848 4860
103. S.J. Sanders, X. He, A.J. Willsey, A.G. Ercan-Sencicek, K.E. Samocha, A.E. Cicek, M.T. Murtha, V.H. Bal, S.L. Bishop, S. Dong, et al. Autism Sequencing Consortium Insights into Autism Spectrum Disorder Genomic Architecture and Biology from 71 Risk Loci Neuron 87 2015 1215 1233
104. M.L. Scattoni, J. Crawley, and L. Ricceri Ultrasonic vocalizations: a tool for behavioural phenotyping of mouse models of neurodevelopmental disorders Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 33 2009 508 515
105. C. Scharff, and F. Nottebohm A comparative study of the behavioral deficits following lesions of various parts of the zebra finch song system: implications for vocal learning J. Neurosci. 11 1991 2896 2913
106. C. Scharff, and J. Petri Evo-devo, deep homology and FoxP2: implications for the evolution of speech and language Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 366 2011 2124 2140
107. C. Scharff, J.R. Kirn, M. Grossman, J.D. Macklis, and F. Nottebohm Targeted neuronal death affects neuronal replacement and vocal behavior in adult songbirds Neuron 25 2000 481 492
108. D.M. Schneider, and R. Mooney Motor-related signals in the auditory system for listening and learning Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 33 2015 78 84
109. C. Schreiweis, U. Bornschein, E. Burguière, C. Kerimoglu, S. Schreiter, M. Dannemann, S. Goyal, E. Rea, C.A. French, R. Puliyadi, and et al. Humanized Foxp2 accelerates learning by enhancing transitions from declarative to procedural performance Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 111 2014 14253 14258
110. S.B. Schulz, S. Haesler, C. Scharff, and C. Rochefort Knockdown of FoxP2 alters spine density in Area X of the zebra finch Genes Brain Behav. 9 2010 732 740
111. B.B. Scott, T.A. Velho, S. Sim, and C. Lois Applications of avian transgenesis ILAR J. 51 2010 353 361
112. S.S. Shank, and D. Margoliash Sleep and sensorimotor integration during early vocal learning in a songbird Nature 458 2009 73 77
113. G.M. Shepherd Corticostriatal connectivity and its role in disease Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 14 2013 278 291
114. G.M. Sia, R.L. Clem, and R.L. Huganir The human language-associated gene SRPX2 regulates synapse formation and vocalization in mice Science 342 2013 987 991
115. C.J. Stoodley, and J.D. Schmahmann Evidence for topographic organization in the cerebellum of motor control versus cognitive and affective processing Cortex 46 2010 831 844
116. K. Takahashi, F.C. Liu, K. Hirokawa, and H. Takahashi Expression of Foxp2, a gene involved in speech and language, in the developing and adult striatum J. Neurosci. Res. 73 2003 61 72
117. D.Y. Takahashi, A.R. Fenley, Y. Teramoto, D.Z. Narayanan, J.I. Borjon, P. Holmes, and A.A. Ghazanfar LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT. The developmental dynamics of marmoset monkey vocal production Science 349 2015 734 738
118. I. Teramitsu, L.C. Kudo, S.E. London, D.H. Geschwind, and S.A. White Parallel FoxP1 and FoxP2 expression in songbird and human brain predicts functional interaction J. Neurosci. 24 2004 3152 3163
119. N.X. Tritsch, and B.L. Sabatini Dopaminergic modulation of synaptic transmission in cortex and striatum Neuron 76 2012 33 50
120. P.T. Tsai, C. Hull, Y. Chu, E. Greene-Colozzi, A.R. Sadowski, J.M. Leech, J. Steinberg, J.N. Crawley, W.G. Regehr, and M. Sahin Autistic-like behaviour and cerebellar dysfunction in Purkinje cell Tsc1 mutant mice Nature 488 2012 647 651
121. K. Tschida, and R. Mooney The role of auditory feedback in vocal learning and maintenance Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 22 2012 320 327
122. N. Usui, M. Co, and G. Konopka Decoding the molecular evolution of human cognition using comparative genomics Brain Behav. Evol. 84 2014 103 116
123. D. Vallentin, G. Kosche, D. Lipkind, and M.A. Long Neural circuits. Inhibition protects acquired song segments during vocal learning in zebra finches Science 351 2016 267 271
124. C.Z. Wang, J.A. Herbst, G.B. Keller, and R.H. Hahnloser Rapid interhemispheric switching during vocal production in a songbird PLoS Biol. 6 2008 e250
125. G.Z. Wang, T.G. Belgard, D. Mao, L. Chen, S. Berto, T.M. Preuss, H. Lu, D.H. Geschwind, and G. Konopka Correspondence between Resting-State Activity and Brain Gene Expression Neuron 88 2015 659 666
126. W.C. Warren, D.F. Clayton, H. Ellegren, A.P. Arnold, L.W. Hillier, A. Künstner, S. Searle, S. White, A.J. Vilella, S. Fairley, and et al. The genome of a songbird Nature 464 2010 757 762
127. K. Watkins Developmental disorders of speech and language: from genes to brain structure and function Prog. Brain Res. 189 2011 225 238
128. K.E. Watkins, F. Vargha-Khadem, J. Ashburner, R.E. Passingham, A. Connelly, K.J. Friston, R.S. Frackowiak, M. Mishkin, and D.G. Gadian MRI analysis of an inherited speech and language disorder: structural brain abnormalities Brain 125 2002 465 478
129. G. Zhang, E.D. Jarvis, and M.T. Gilbert Avian genomes. A flock of genomes. Introduction Science 346 2014 1308 1309