메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 213, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 305-313

Nonstable staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants are induced by low pH and sensitized to antimicrobial therapy by phagolysosomal alkalinization

Author keywords

antimicrobial therapy; intracellular persistence; relapsing infections; small colony variants; Staphylococcus aureus

Indexed keywords

AMMONIUM CHLORIDE; CHLOROQUINE; FLUCLOXACILLIN; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; BAFILOMYCIN A1; MACROLIDE;

EID: 84959879298     PISSN: 00221899     EISSN: 15376613     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv388     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (67)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 84888990813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National burden of invasive methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, United States, 2011
    • Dantes R, Mu Y, Belflower R, et al. National burden of invasive methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, United States, 2011. JAMA Intern Med 2013; 173:1970-8.
    • (2013) JAMA Intern Med , vol.173 , pp. 1970-1978
    • Dantes, R.1    Mu, Y.2    Belflower, R.3
  • 2
    • 4444346026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistent bacteremia due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection is associated with agr dysfunction and low-level in vitro resistance to thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein
    • Fowler VG Jr, Sakoulas G, McIntyre LM, et al. Persistent bacteremia due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection is associated with agr dysfunction and low-level in vitro resistance to thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein. J Infect Dis 2004; 190:1140-9.
    • (2004) J Infect Dis , vol.190 , pp. 1140-1149
    • Fowler, V.G.1    Sakoulas, G.2    McIntyre, L.M.3
  • 3
    • 80053465676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of relapse of methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia after treatment with vancomycin
    • Welsh KJ, Skrobarcek KA, Abbott AN, et al. Predictors of relapse of methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia after treatment with vancomycin. J Clin Microbiol 2011; 49:3669-72.
    • (2011) J Clin Microbiol , vol.49 , pp. 3669-3672
    • Welsh, K.J.1    Skrobarcek, K.A.2    Abbott, A.N.3
  • 4
    • 84856569016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcus aureus reactivation osteomyelitis after 75 years
    • Libraty DH, Patkar C, Torres B. Staphylococcus aureus reactivation osteomyelitis after 75 years. N Engl J Med 2012; 366:481-2.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.366 , pp. 481-482
    • Libraty, D.H.1    Patkar, C.2    Torres, B.3
  • 5
    • 33645084560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small colony variants: A pathogenic form of bacteria that facilitates persistent and recurrent infections
    • Proctor RA, von Eiff C, Kahl BC, et al. Small colony variants: a pathogenic form of bacteria that facilitates persistent and recurrent infections. Nat Rev Microbiol 2006; 4:295-305.
    • (2006) Nat Rev Microbiol , vol.4 , pp. 295-305
    • Proctor, R.A.1    Von Eiff, C.2    Kahl, B.C.3
  • 6
  • 7
    • 84908227247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcus aureus chronic and relapsing infections: Evidence of a role for persister cells: An investigation of persister cells, their formation and their role in S aureus disease
    • Conlon BP. Staphylococcus aureus chronic and relapsing infections: Evidence of a role for persister cells: An investigation of persister cells, their formation and their role in S. aureus disease. Bioessays 2014; 36:991-6.
    • (2014) Bioessays , vol.36 , pp. 991-996
    • Conlon, B.P.1
  • 8
    • 79957586352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of persister cells in chronic infections: Clinical relevance and perspectives on anti-persister therapies
    • Fauvart M, De Groote VN, Michiels J. Role of persister cells in chronic infections: clinical relevance and perspectives on anti-persister therapies. J Med Microbiol 2011; 60:699-709.
    • (2011) J Med Microbiol , vol.60 , pp. 699-709
    • Fauvart, M.1    De Groote, V.N.2    Michiels, J.3
  • 9
    • 84888019629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated ClpP kills persisters and eradicates a chronic biofilm infection
    • Conlon BP, Nakayasu ES, Fleck LE, et al. Activated ClpP kills persisters and eradicates a chronic biofilm infection. Nature 2013; 503:365-70.
    • (2013) Nature , vol.503 , pp. 365-370
    • Conlon, B.P.1    Nakayasu, E.S.2    Fleck, L.E.3
  • 10
    • 84866179937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcus aureus persisters tolerant to bactericidal antibiotics
    • Lechner S, Lewis K, Bertram R. Staphylococcus aureus persisters tolerant to bactericidal antibiotics. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 22:235-44.
    • (2012) J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol , vol.22 , pp. 235-244
    • Lechner, S.1    Lewis, K.2    Bertram, R.3
  • 11
    • 84895490117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cecum lymph node dendritic cells harbor slow-growing bacteria phenotypically tolerant to antibiotic treatment
    • Kaiser P, Regoes RR, Dolowschiak T, et al. Cecum lymph node dendritic cells harbor slow-growing bacteria phenotypically tolerant to antibiotic treatment. PLoS Biol 2014; 12:e1001793.
    • (2014) PLoS Biol , vol.12 , pp. e1001793
    • Kaiser, P.1    Regoes, R.R.2    Dolowschiak, T.3
  • 12
    • 67650732735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of persisters and small-colony variants in antibiotic resistance of planktonic and biofilm-Associated Staphylococcus aureus: An in vitro study
    • Singh R, Ray P, Das A, Sharma M. Role of persisters and small-colony variants in antibiotic resistance of planktonic and biofilm-Associated Staphylococcus aureus: an in vitro study. J Med Microbiol 2009; 58:1067-73.
    • (2009) J Med Microbiol , vol.58 , pp. 1067-1073
    • Singh, R.1    Ray, P.2    Das, A.3    Sharma, M.4
  • 13
    • 84879473819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic activity against small-colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus: Review of in vitro, animal and clinical data
    • Garcia LG, Lemaire S, Kahl BC, et al. Antibiotic activity against small-colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus: review of in vitro, animal and clinical data. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 68:1455-64.
    • (2013) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.68 , pp. 1455-1464
    • Garcia, L.G.1    Lemaire, S.2    Kahl, B.C.3
  • 14
    • 79952079593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcus aureus phenotype switching: An effective bacterial strategy to escape host immune response and establish a chronic infection
    • Tuchscherr L, Medina E, Hussain M, et al. Staphylococcus aureus phenotype switching: an effective bacterial strategy to escape host immune response and establish a chronic infection. EMBO Mol Med 2011; 3:129-41.
    • (2011) EMBO Mol Med , vol.3 , pp. 129-141
    • Tuchscherr, L.1    Medina, E.2    Hussain, M.3
  • 15
    • 0030065793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcus aureus small colony variants are induced by the endothelial cell intracellular milieu
    • Vesga O, Groeschel MC, Otten MF, Brar DW, Vann JM, Proctor RA. Staphylococcus aureus small colony variants are induced by the endothelial cell intracellular milieu. J Infect Dis 1996; 173:739-42.
    • (1996) J Infect Dis , vol.173 , pp. 739-742
    • Vesga, O.1    Groeschel, M.C.2    Otten, M.F.3    Brar, D.W.4    Vann, J.M.5    Proctor, R.A.6
  • 16
    • 77956900585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants are adapted phenotypes for intracellular persistence
    • Tuchscherr L, Heitmann V, Hussain M, et al. Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants are adapted phenotypes for intracellular persistence. J Infect Dis 2010; 202:1031-40.
    • (2010) J Infect Dis , vol.202 , pp. 1031-1040
    • Tuchscherr, L.1    Heitmann, V.2    Hussain, M.3
  • 17
    • 73649107896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcus aureus host cell invasion and post-invasion events
    • Sinha B, Fraunholz M. Staphylococcus aureus host cell invasion and post-invasion events. Int J Med Microbiol 2010; 300:170-5.
    • (2010) Int J Med Microbiol , vol.300 , pp. 170-175
    • Sinha, B.1    Fraunholz, M.2
  • 18
    • 33947507582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined effect of pH and concentration on the activities of gentamicin and oxacillin against Staphylococcus aureus in pharmacodynamic models of extracellular and intracellular infections
    • Baudoux P, Bles N, Lemaire S, Mingeot-Leclercq MP, Tulkens PM, Van Bambeke F. Combined effect of pH and concentration on the activities of gentamicin and oxacillin against Staphylococcus aureus in pharmacodynamic models of extracellular and intracellular infections. J Antimicrob Chemother 2007; 59:246-53.
    • (2007) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.59 , pp. 246-253
    • Baudoux, P.1    Bles, N.2    Lemaire, S.3    Mingeot-Leclercq, M.P.4    Tulkens, P.M.5    Van Bambeke, F.6
  • 19
    • 0020563892 scopus 로고
    • Effect of low intraphagolysosomal pH on antimicrobial activity of antibiotics against ingested staphylococci
    • Lam C, Mathison GE. Effect of low intraphagolysosomal pH on antimicrobial activity of antibiotics against ingested staphylococci. J Med Microbiol 1983; 16:309-16.
    • (1983) J Med Microbiol , vol.16 , pp. 309-316
    • Lam, C.1    Mathison, G.E.2
  • 20
    • 33645835923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing the intracellular activity of fluoroquinolones: A study using levofloxacin in a Staphylococcus aureus THP-1 monocyte model
    • Nguyen HA, Grellet J, Paillard D, Dubois V, Quentin C, Saux MC. Factors influencing the intracellular activity of fluoroquinolones: a study using levofloxacin in a Staphylococcus aureus THP-1 monocyte model. J Antimicrob Chemother 2006; 57:883-90.
    • (2006) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.57 , pp. 883-890
    • Nguyen, H.A.1    Grellet, J.2    Paillard, D.3    Dubois, V.4    Quentin, C.5    Saux, M.C.6
  • 21
    • 33644656768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamic evaluation of the intracellular activities of antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus in a model of THP-1 macrophages
    • Barcia-Macay M, Seral C, Mingeot-Leclercq MP, Tulkens PM, Van Bambeke F. Pharmacodynamic evaluation of the intracellular activities of antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus in a model of THP-1 macrophages. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 50:841-51.
    • (2006) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.50 , pp. 841-851
    • Barcia-Macay, M.1    Seral, C.2    Mingeot-Leclercq, M.P.3    Tulkens, P.M.4    Van Bambeke, F.5
  • 22
    • 84922041653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PH-mediated potentiation of aminoglycosides kills bacterial persisters and eradicates in vivo biofilms
    • Lebeaux D, Chauhan A, Letoffe S, et al. pH-mediated potentiation of aminoglycosides kills bacterial persisters and eradicates in vivo biofilms. J Infect Dis 2014; 210:1357-66.
    • (2014) J Infect Dis , vol.210 , pp. 1357-1366
    • Lebeaux, D.1    Chauhan, A.2    Letoffe, S.3
  • 23
    • 33750057898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Live cell imaging of phagosome maturation in Staphylococcus aureus infected human endothelial cells: Small colony variants are able to survive in lysosomes
    • Schroeder A, Kland R, Peschel A, von Eiff C, Aepfelbacher M. Live cell imaging of phagosome maturation in Staphylococcus aureus infected human endothelial cells: small colony variants are able to survive in lysosomes. Med Microbiol Immunol 2006; 195:185-94.
    • (2006) Med Microbiol Immunol , vol.195 , pp. 185-194
    • Schroeder, A.1    Kland, R.2    Peschel, A.3    Von Eiff, C.4    Aepfelbacher, M.5
  • 24
    • 21544443136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thymidine-Dependent Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants are associated with extensive alterations in regulator and virulence gene expression profiles
    • Kahl BC, Belling G, Becker P, et al. Thymidine-Dependent Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants are associated with extensive alterations in regulator and virulence gene expression profiles. Infect Immun 2005; 73:4119-26.
    • (2005) Infect Immun , vol.73 , pp. 4119-4126
    • Kahl, B.C.1    Belling, G.2    Becker, P.3
  • 25
    • 0017275417 scopus 로고
    • Continuous tumor-cell line from a human lung carcinoma with properties of type-II alveolar epithelial cells
    • Lieber M, Smith B, Szakal A, NelsonreesW, Todaro G. Continuous tumor-cell line from a human lung carcinoma with properties of type-II alveolar epithelial cells. Int J Cancer 1976; 17:62-70.
    • (1976) Int J Cancer , vol.17 , pp. 62-70
    • Lieber, M.1    Smith, B.2    Szakal, A.3    Nelsonrees, W.4    Todaro, G.5
  • 26
    • 0028094702 scopus 로고
    • Gentamicin-resistant menadione and hemin auxotrophic Staphylococcus aureus persist within cultured endothelial cells
    • Balwit JM, Vanlangevelde P, Vann JM, Proctor RA. Gentamicin-resistant menadione and hemin auxotrophic Staphylococcus aureus persist within cultured endothelial cells. J Infect Dis 1994; 170:1033-7.
    • (1994) J Infect Dis , vol.170 , pp. 1033-1037
    • Balwit, J.M.1    Vanlangevelde, P.2    Vann, J.M.3    Proctor, R.A.4
  • 27
    • 0015114484 scopus 로고
    • Deoxyribonucleic acid base composition of serotype strains of Staphylococcus aureus
    • Bohacek J, Kocur M, Martinec T. Deoxyribonucleic acid base composition of serotype strains of Staphylococcus aureus. J Gen Microbiol 1971; 68:109-13.
    • (1971) J Gen Microbiol , vol.68 , pp. 109-113
    • Bohacek, J.1    Kocur, M.2    Martinec, T.3
  • 28
    • 0036231904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-Terminal domains of Listeria monocytogenes bacteriophage murein hydrolases determine specific recognition and high-Affinity binding to bacterial cell wall carbohydrates
    • Loessner MJ, Kramer K, Ebel F, Scherer S. C-Terminal domains of Listeria monocytogenes bacteriophage murein hydrolases determine specific recognition and high-Affinity binding to bacterial cell wall carbohydrates. Mol Microbiol 2002; 44:335-49.
    • (2002) Mol Microbiol , vol.44 , pp. 335-349
    • Loessner, M.J.1    Kramer, K.2    Ebel, F.3    Scherer, S.4
  • 29
    • 84873744295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The MTT assay is a rapid and reliable quantitative method to assess Staphylococcus aureus induced endothelial cell damage
    • Seidl K, Zinkernagel AS. The MTT assay is a rapid and reliable quantitative method to assess Staphylococcus aureus induced endothelial cell damage. J Microbiol Methods 2013; 92:307-9.
    • (2013) J Microbiol Methods , vol.92 , pp. 307-309
    • Seidl, K.1    Zinkernagel, A.S.2
  • 31
    • 0017687822 scopus 로고
    • Plasmodium berghei: Immunization of mice against the ANKA strain using the unaltered sporozoite as an antigen
    • Beaudoin RL, Strome CP, Mitchell F, Tubergen TA. Plasmodium berghei: immunization of mice against the ANKA strain using the unaltered sporozoite as an antigen. Exp Parasitol 1977; 42:1-5.
    • (1977) Exp Parasitol , vol.42 , pp. 1-5
    • Beaudoin, R.L.1    Strome, C.P.2    Mitchell, F.3    Tubergen, T.A.4
  • 32
    • 77956573488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid multiplex detection and differentiation of Listeria cells by use of fluorescent phage endolysin cell wall binding domains
    • Schmelcher M, Shabarova T, Eugster MR, et al. Rapid multiplex detection and differentiation of Listeria cells by use of fluorescent phage endolysin cell wall binding domains. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 76:5745-56.
    • (2010) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.76 , pp. 5745-5756
    • Schmelcher, M.1    Shabarova, T.2    Eugster, M.R.3
  • 33
    • 77749243239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcal strains vary greatly in their ability to induce an inflammatory response in endothelial cells
    • Grundmeier M, Tuchscherr L, Bruck M, et al. Staphylococcal strains vary greatly in their ability to induce an inflammatory response in endothelial cells. J Infect Dis 2010; 201:871-80.
    • (2010) J Infect Dis , vol.201 , pp. 871-880
    • Grundmeier, M.1    Tuchscherr, L.2    Bruck, M.3
  • 34
    • 0018687008 scopus 로고
    • Virulent gentamicin-induced small colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus
    • Pelletier LL Jr, Richardson M, Feist M. Virulent gentamicin-induced small colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus. J Lab Clin Med 1979; 94:324-34.
    • (1979) J Lab Clin Med , vol.94 , pp. 324-334
    • Pelletier, L.L.1    Richardson, M.2    Feist, M.3
  • 35
    • 84885819348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenotypic variants of staphylococci and their underlying population distributions following exposure to stress
    • Onyango LA, Hugh Dunstan R, Roberts TK, Macdonald MM, Gottfries J. Phenotypic variants of staphylococci and their underlying population distributions following exposure to stress. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77614.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8 , pp. e77614
    • Onyango, L.A.1    Hugh Dunstan, R.2    Roberts, T.K.3    Macdonald, M.M.4    Gottfries, J.5
  • 36
  • 37
    • 65649094853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracellular activity of antibiotics in a model of human THP-1 macrophages infected by a Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variant strain isolated from a cystic fibrosis patient: Pharmacodynamic evaluation and comparison with isogenic normal-phenotype and revertant strains
    • Nguyen HA, Denis O, Vergison A, et al. Intracellular activity of antibiotics in a model of human THP-1 macrophages infected by a Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variant strain isolated from a cystic fibrosis patient: pharmacodynamic evaluation and comparison with isogenic normal-phenotype and revertant strains. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009; 53:1434-42.
    • (2009) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.53 , pp. 1434-1442
    • Nguyen, H.A.1    Denis, O.2    Vergison, A.3
  • 38
    • 50349141358 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of staphylococcal infections with penicillin by intermittent sterilisation
    • Bigger J. Treatment of staphylococcal infections with penicillin by intermittent sterilisation. Lancet 1944; 244:497-500.
    • (1944) Lancet , vol.244 , pp. 497-500
    • Bigger, J.1
  • 39
    • 84873775928 scopus 로고
    • Small colonies (G variants) of staphylococci: Isolation from cultures and infections
    • Wise RI. Small colonies (G variants) of staphylococci: isolation from cultures and infections. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1956; 65:169-74.
    • (1956) Ann N y Acad Sci , vol.65 , pp. 169-174
    • Wise, R.I.1
  • 40
    • 84921752157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of Staphylococcus aureus under vancomycin selective pressure: The role of the small-colony variant phenotype
    • Lenhard JR, von Eiff C, Hong IS, et al. Evolution of Staphylococcus aureus under vancomycin selective pressure: the role of the small-colony variant phenotype. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59:1347-51.
    • (2015) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.59 , pp. 1347-1351
    • Lenhard, J.R.1    Von Eiff, C.2    Hong, I.S.3
  • 41
    • 0141925815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: Recurrence and the impact of antibiotic treatment in a prospective multicenter study
    • Chang FY, Peacock JE Jr, Musher DM, et al. Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: recurrence and the impact of antibiotic treatment in a prospective multicenter study. Medicine 2003; 82:333-9.
    • (2003) Medicine , vol.82 , pp. 333-339
    • Chang, F.Y.1    Peacock, J.E.2    Musher, D.M.3
  • 42
    • 84892467436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persister populations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum that grow in liquid but not on solid culture media
    • Dhillon J, Fourie PB, Mitchison DA. Persister populations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum that grow in liquid but not on solid culture media. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69:437-40.
    • (2014) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.69 , pp. 437-440
    • Dhillon, J.1    Fourie, P.B.2    Mitchison, D.A.3
  • 43
    • 84908456444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenotypic variation of Salmonella in host tissues delays eradication by antimicrobial chemotherapy
    • Claudi B, Sprote P, Chirkova A, et al. Phenotypic variation of Salmonella in host tissues delays eradication by antimicrobial chemotherapy. Cell 2014; 158:722-33.
    • (2014) Cell , vol.158 , pp. 722-733
    • Claudi, B.1    Sprote, P.2    Chirkova, A.3
  • 44
    • 79955886933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolite-Enabled eradication of bacterial persisters by aminoglycosides
    • Allison KR, Brynildsen MP, Collins JJ. Metabolite-Enabled eradication of bacterial persisters by aminoglycosides. Nature 2011; 473:216-20.
    • (2011) Nature , vol.473 , pp. 216-220
    • Allison, K.R.1    Brynildsen, M.P.2    Collins, J.J.3
  • 45
    • 84878204775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic control of persister formation in Escherichia coli
    • Amato SM, Orman MA, Brynildsen MP. Metabolic control of persister formation in Escherichia coli. Mol Cell 2013; 50:475-87.
    • (2013) Mol Cell , vol.50 , pp. 475-487
    • Amato, S.M.1    Orman, M.A.2    Brynildsen, M.P.3
  • 46
    • 84892966765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two small (p)ppGpp synthases in Staphylococcus aureus mediate tolerance against cell envelope stress conditions
    • Geiger T, Kastle B, Gratani FL, Goerke C,Wolz C. Two small (p)ppGpp synthases in Staphylococcus aureus mediate tolerance against cell envelope stress conditions. J Bacteriol 2014; 196:894-902.
    • (2014) J Bacteriol , vol.196 , pp. 894-902
    • Geiger, T.1    Kastle, B.2    Gratani, F.L.3    Goerke Cwolz, C.4
  • 47
    • 84883342218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P)ppGpp controls bacterial persistence by stochastic induction of toxin-Antitoxin activity
    • Maisonneuve E, Castro-Camargo M, Gerdes K. (p)ppGpp controls bacterial persistence by stochastic induction of toxin-Antitoxin activity. Cell 2013; 154: 1140-50.
    • (2013) Cell , vol.154 , pp. 1140-1150
    • Maisonneuve, E.1    Castro-Camargo, M.2    Gerdes, K.3
  • 48
    • 84899505083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial persisters
    • Maisonneuve E, Gerdes K. Molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial persisters. Cell 2014; 157:539-48.
    • (2014) Cell , vol.157 , pp. 539-548
    • Maisonneuve, E.1    Gerdes, K.2
  • 49
    • 84892181925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internalization of Salmonella by macrophages induces formation of nonreplicating persisters
    • Helaine S, Cheverton AM, Watson KG, Faure LM, Matthews SA, Holden DW. Internalization of Salmonella by macrophages induces formation of nonreplicating persisters. Science 2014; 343:204-8.
    • (2014) Science , vol.343 , pp. 204-208
    • Helaine, S.1    Cheverton, A.M.2    Watson, K.G.3    Faure, L.M.4    Matthews, S.A.5    Holden, D.W.6
  • 50
    • 0026738674 scopus 로고
    • Phagolysosomal alkalinization and the bactericidal effect of antibiotics: The Coxiella burnetii paradigm
    • Maurin M, Benoliel AM, Bongrand P, Raoult D. Phagolysosomal alkalinization and the bactericidal effect of antibiotics: the Coxiella burnetii paradigm. J Infect Dis 1992; 166:1097-102.
    • (1992) J Infect Dis , vol.166 , pp. 1097-1102
    • Maurin, M.1    Benoliel, A.M.2    Bongrand, P.3    Raoult, D.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.