Cholinesterase inhibitor discontinuation in patients with Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

Volumn 76, Issue 11, 2015, Pages e1424-e1431

  O'Regan, Jordana ^a,b   Lanctôt, Krista L ^a,b   Mazereeuw, Graham ^a,b   Herrmann, Nathan ^a,b  

^a SUNNYBROOK RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR; PLACEBO;

AGED; AGITATION; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ARTICLE; CONFUSION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIARRHEA; DIZZINESS; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; FALLING; FEMALE; HEADACHE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL DETERIORATION; MENTAL DISEASE; META ANALYSIS; NAUSEA; NEUROPSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION; TREMOR; URINARY TRACT INFECTION; VOMITING; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; VERY ELDERLY;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC;

EID: 84958237083     PISSN: 01606689     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4088/JCP.14r09237     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Dementia: a public health priority. WHO Web site. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/75263/1/9789241564458- eng.pdf?ua=1. Updated 2012. Accessed January 12, 2014.
2. Birks J. Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(1):CD005593. PubMed
3. Lanctôt KL, Herrmann N, Yau KK, et al. Efficacy and safety of cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis. CMAJ. 2003;169(6):557-564. PubMed
4. Herrmann N, Gill SS, Bell CM, et al. A population-based study of cholinesterase inhibitor use for dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007;55(10):1517-1523. doi:10.1/j.1532-5415.207.0137.x PubMed
5. Dementia: A NICE-SCIE Guideline on Supporting People With Dementia and Their Carers in Health and Social Care. Leicester, UK: British Psychological Society; 2007.
6. Herrmann N, Lanctôt KL, Hogan DB. Pharmacological recommendations for the symptomatic treatment of dementia: the Canadian Consensus Conference on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia 2012. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2013;5(suppl 1):S5. doi:10.186/alzrt201 PubMed
7. Small GW, Kaufer D, Mendiondo MS, et al. Cognitive performance in Alzheimer's disease patients receiving rivastigmine for up to 5 years. Int J Clin Pract. 2005;59(4):473-477. doi:10.1/j.1368-5031.205.0524.x PubMed
8. Rogers SL, Doody RS, Pratt RD, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of donepezil in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: final analysis of a US multicentre open-label study. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2000;10(3):195-203. doi:10.1016/S0924-97X(0)067-5 PubMed
9. Gill SS, Anderson GM, Fischer HD, et al. Syncope and its consequences in patients with dementia receiving cholinesterase inhibitors: a population-based cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(9):867-873. doi:10.101/archinternmed.209.43 PubMed
10. McKhann GM, Knopman DS, Chertkow H, et al. The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association Workgroups on Diagnostic Guidelines for Alzheimer's Disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2011;7(3):263-269. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.201.03.05 PubMed
11. Wells G, Shea B, O'Connell D, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomized studies in metaanalyses. 2009. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Web site. http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical-epidemiology/oxford.htm. Accessed February 11, 2014.
12. Higgins JP, Altman DG, Gøtzsche PC, et al; Cochrane Statistical Methods Group. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2011;343:d5928. doi:10.136/bmj.d5928 PubMed
13. Doraiswamy PM, Bieber F, Kaiser L, et al. The Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale: patterns and predictors of baseline cognitive performance in multicenter Alzheimer's disease trials. Neurology. 1997;48(6):1511-1517. doi:10.1212/WNL.48.6.151 PubMed
14. Holmes C, Wilkinson D, Dean C, et al. The efficacy of donepezil in the treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer disease. Neurology. 2004;63(2):214-219. doi:10.1212/01.WNL.01290.3253.7B PubMed
15. Howard R, McShane R, Lindesay J, et al. Donepezil and memantine for moderate-tosevere Alzheimer's disease. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(10):893-903. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1068 PubMed
16. Harris RJ, Bradburn MJ, Deeks JJ. Metan: fixedand random-effects meta-analysis. Stata J. 2008;8:3-28.
17. Higgins J, Green S, eds. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.0.2. London, UK: The Cochrane Collaboration; 2008. http://handbook.cochrane.org/v5.0.2/Updated September 2009. Accessed September 10, 2015.
18. Higgins JP, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat Med. 2002;21(11):1539-1558. doi:10.102/sim.186 PubMed
19. Egger M, Davey Smith G, Schneider M, et al. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ. 1997;315(7109):629-634. doi:10.136/bmj.315.7109.629 PubMed
20. Scarpini E, Bruno G, Zappalà G, et al. Cessation versus continuation of galantamine treatment after 12 months of therapy in patients with Alzheimer's disease: a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled withdrawal trial. J Alzheimers Dis. 2011;26(2):211-220. PubMed
21. Gaudig M, Richarz U, Han J, et al. Effects of galantamine in Alzheimer's disease: doubleblind withdrawal studies evaluating sustained versus interrupted treatment. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2011;8(7):771-780. doi:10.2174/1567205179763205 PubMed
22. Johannsen P, Salmon E, Hampel H, et al; AWARE Study Group. Assessing therapeutic efficacy in a progressive disease: a study of donepezil in Alzheimer's disease. CNS Drugs. 2006;20(4):311-325. doi:10.2165/023210-2062040-05 PubMed
23. Han L, Cole M, Bellavance F, et al. Tracking cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease using the mini-mental state examination: a metaanalysis. Int Psychogeriatr. 2000;12(2):231-247. doi:10.1017/S1041610206359 PubMed
24. Zahodne LB, Manly JJ, MacKay-Brandt A, et al. Cognitive declines precede and predict functional declines in aging and Alzheimer's disease. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(9):e73645. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.073645 PubMed
25. Cummings JL, Nadel A, Masterman D, et al. Efficacy of metrifonate in improving the psychiatric and behavioral disturbances of patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2001;14(2):101-108. doi:10.17/089198701014021 PubMed
26. Pinto T, Lanctôt KL, Herrmann N. Revisiting the cholinergic hypothesis of behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia of the Alzheimer's type. Ageing Res Rev. 2011;10(4):404-412. PubMed
27. Black W, Almeida OP. A systematic review of the association between the Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia and burden of care. Int Psychogeriatr. 2004;16(3):295-315. doi:10.1017/S10416102040468 PubMed
28. Herrmann N, Black SE, Li A, et al. Discontinuing cholinesterase inhibitors: results of a survey of Canadian dementia experts. Int Psychogeriatr. 2011;23(4):539-545. doi:10.1017/S10416102101535 PubMed
29. Bartus RT, Dean RL 3rd, Beer B, et al. The cholinergic hypothesis of geriatric memory dysfunction. Science. 1982;217(4558):408-414. doi:10.126/science.7046051 PubMed
30. Darreh-Shori T, Soininen H. Effects of cholinesterase inhibitors on the activities and protein levels of cholinesterases in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease: a review of recent clinical studies. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2010;7(1):67-73. doi:10.2174/1567205107902745 PubMed
31. Poirier J. Evidence that the clinical effects of cholinesterase inhibitors are related to potency and targeting of action. Int J Clin Pract suppl. 2002;(127):6-19. PubMed
32. Singh S, Dudley C. Discontinuation syndrome following donepezil cessation. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2003;18(4):282-284. doi:10.102/gps.81 PubMed
33. Bidzan L, Bidzan M. Withdrawal syndrome after donepezil cessation in a patient with dementia. Neurol Sci. 2012;33(6):1459-1461. doi:10.107/s1072-012-0938-8 PubMed
34. Suzuki H, Inoue Y, Mikami K, et al. The influence and changes in the dosages of concomitantly used psychotropic drugs associated with the discontinuation of donepezil in severe Alzheimer's disease with behavioral and psychological symptoms on dementia: a preliminary open-label trial. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2014;4(1):37-42. doi:10.17/2045125313508130 PubMed
35. Corbo JM, Brown JN, Moss JM. Galantamineassociated nightmares and anxiety. Consult Pharm. 2013;28(4):243-246. doi:10.4140/TCP.n.2013.243 PubMed
36. Tanaka A, Koga S, Hiramatsu Y. Donepezilinduced adverse side effects of cardiac rhythm: 2 cases report of atrioventricular block and Torsade de Pointes. Intern Med. 2009;48(14):1219-1223. doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.48.2181 PubMed