메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 178-223

Social Context

Author keywords

Communication; Ethnolinguistic identity; Linguistic differences; Second language acquisition; Sociolinguistic settings

Indexed keywords


EID: 84955376548     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470756492.ch8     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (33)

References (223)
  • 1
    • 84955356252 scopus 로고
    • Issues in the Teaching of Standard English
    • (ed.) Florida FL Reporter, 12 (1 and 2)
    • Aarons, A. C. (ed.) 1975: Issues in the Teaching of Standard English. Florida FL Reporter, 12 (1 and 2).
    • (1975)
    • Aarons, A.C.1
  • 2
    • 84943695252 scopus 로고
    • Linguistic-Cultural Differences in American Education
    • (eds)
    • Aarons, A. C., Gordon, B. Y., and Stewart, W. A. (eds) 1969: Linguistic-Cultural Differences in American Education. Florida FL Reporter, 7 (1).
    • (1969) Florida FL Reporter , vol.7 , Issue.1
    • Aarons, A.C.1    Gordon, B.Y.2    Stewart, W.A.3
  • 3
    • 33748351286 scopus 로고
    • Project Holopono, Evaluation Report, 1987-1988
    • Honolulu: Curriculum Research and Development Group, College of Education, University of Hawai'i
    • Actouka, M. and Lai, M. K. 1989: Project Holopono, Evaluation Report, 1987-1988. Honolulu: Curriculum Research and Development Group, College of Education, University of Hawai'i.
    • (1989)
    • Actouka, M.1    Lai, M.K.2
  • 4
    • 0023071537 scopus 로고
    • Bidialectalism? Mandatory or elective?
    • Adler, S. 1987: Bidialectalism? Mandatory or elective? ASHA, 29 (1), 41-4.
    • (1987) ASHA , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-4
    • Adler, S.1
  • 5
    • 6144267437 scopus 로고
    • Project Akamai, Evaluation Report, 1992-93, Year Four
    • Honolulu: Curriculum Research and Development Group, College of Education, University of Hawai'i
    • Afaga, L. B. and Lai, M. K. 1994: Project Akamai, Evaluation Report, 1992-93, Year Four. Honolulu: Curriculum Research and Development Group, College of Education, University of Hawai'i.
    • (1994)
    • Afaga, L.B.1    Lai, M.K.2
  • 6
    • 84955332582 scopus 로고
    • Linguistics and the Teaching of Standard English
    • (ed.) Monograph Series on Language and Linguistics, no. 22. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press
    • Alatis, J. E. (ed.) 1969: Linguistics and the Teaching of Standard English. Monograph Series on Language and Linguistics, no. 22. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
    • (1969)
    • Alatis, J.E.1
  • 7
    • 84955341671 scopus 로고
    • Teaching standard English as a second dialect: the unanswered questions, the successes, and the promise
    • In R. P. Fox (ed.), Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English
    • Alatis, J. E. 1973: Teaching standard English as a second dialect: the unanswered questions, the successes, and the promise. In R. P. Fox (ed.), Essays on Teaching English as a Second Dialect. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English, 43-56.
    • (1973) Essays on Teaching English as a Second Dialect , pp. 43-56
    • Alatis, J.E.1
  • 8
    • 33748350810 scopus 로고
    • Teaching standard English as a second dialect
    • 164
    • Allen, V. F. 1969: Teaching standard English as a second dialect. Florida FL Reporter, 7 (1), 123-9, 164.
    • (1969) Florida FL Reporter , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 123-9
    • Allen, V.F.1
  • 9
    • 84935606278 scopus 로고
    • A critical appraisal of Gardner's social-psychological theory of second language (L2) learning
    • Au, S. 1988: A critical appraisal of Gardner's social-psychological theory of second language (L2) learning. Language Learning, 38, 75-100.
    • (1988) Language Learning , vol.38 , pp. 75-100
    • Au, S.1
  • 10
    • 0001510569 scopus 로고
    • The politics of the ESL classroom: issues of power in pedagogical choices
    • In J. W. Tollefson (ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Auerbach, E. R. 1995: The politics of the ESL classroom: issues of power in pedagogical choices. In J. W. Tollefson (ed.), Power and Inequality in Language Education. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 9-33.
    • (1995) Power and Inequality in Language Education , pp. 9-33
    • Auerbach, E.R.1
  • 11
    • 0010748561 scopus 로고
    • Teaching Black Children to Read
    • (eds) Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics
    • Baratz, J. C. and Shuy, R. W. (eds) 1969: Teaching Black Children to Read. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics.
    • (1969)
    • Baratz, J.C.1    Shuy, R.W.2
  • 12
    • 21144461572 scopus 로고
    • Hypocorrection: mistakes in production of vernacular African American English as a second dialect
    • Baugh, J. 1992: Hypocorrection: mistakes in production of vernacular African American English as a second dialect. Language and Communication, 12, 317-26.
    • (1992) Language and Communication , vol.12 , pp. 317-26
    • Baugh, J.1
  • 13
    • 0011293608 scopus 로고
    • Five sociolinguistic approaches to second language acquisition
    • In L. M. Beebe (ed.), New York: Newbury House
    • Beebe, L. M. 1988: Five sociolinguistic approaches to second language acquisition. In L. M. Beebe (ed.), Issues in Second Language Acquisition: Multiple Perspectives. New York: Newbury House, 43-77.
    • (1988) Issues in Second Language Acquisition: Multiple Perspectives , pp. 43-77
    • Beebe, L.M.1
  • 14
    • 0032380027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orientations and motivation in the acquisition of English as a second language among high school students in Quebec city
    • Belmechri, F. and Hummel, K. M. 1998: Orientations and motivation in the acquisition of English as a second language among high school students in Quebec city. Language Learning, 48 (2), 219-44.
    • (1998) Language Learning , vol.48 , Issue.2 , pp. 219-44
    • Belmechri, F.1    Hummel, K.M.2
  • 15
    • 33748352432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Making the Jump: A Resource Book for Teachers of Aboriginal Students
    • Broome: Catholic Education Office, Kimberley Region
    • Berry, R. and Hudson, J. 1997: Making the Jump: A Resource Book for Teachers of Aboriginal Students. Broome: Catholic Education Office, Kimberley Region.
    • (1997)
    • Berry, R.1    Hudson, J.2
  • 16
    • 84925105780 scopus 로고
    • Dialects and initial reading options in bilingual education
    • In D. J. Bixler-Márquez and J. Ornstein-Galicia (eds), New York: Peter Lang
    • Bixler-Márquez, D. J. 1988: Dialects and initial reading options in bilingual education. In D. J. Bixler-Márquez and J. Ornstein-Galicia (eds), Chicano Speech in the Bilingual Classroom. New York: Peter Lang, 135-41.
    • (1988) Chicano Speech in the Bilingual Classroom , pp. 135-41
    • Bixler-Márquez, D.J.1
  • 17
    • 84965572609 scopus 로고
    • The economics of linguistic exchanges
    • Bourdieu, P. 1977: The economics of linguistic exchanges. Social Science Information, 16, 645-68.
    • (1977) Social Science Information , vol.16 , pp. 645-68
    • Bourdieu, P.1
  • 18
    • 0002066994 scopus 로고
    • The language of intergroup distinctiveness
    • In H. Giles (ed.), London: Academic Press
    • Bourhis, R. Y. and Giles, H. 1977: The language of intergroup distinctiveness. In H. Giles (ed.), Language, Ethnicity and Intergroup Relations. London: Academic Press, 119-36.
    • (1977) Language, Ethnicity and Intergroup Relations , pp. 119-36
    • Bourhis, R.Y.1    Giles, H.2
  • 19
    • 33748374337 scopus 로고
    • Teaching school beginners to read and write in the vernacular
    • In E. H. Jahr and O. Lorentz (eds), Tromso Studies in Linguistics 11. Oslo: Novus Press
    • Bull, T. 1990: Teaching school beginners to read and write in the vernacular. In E. H. Jahr and O. Lorentz (eds), Tromso Linguistics in the Eighties. Tromso Studies in Linguistics 11. Oslo: Novus Press, 69-84.
    • (1990) Tromso Linguistics in the Eighties , pp. 69-84
    • Bull, T.1
  • 20
    • 33748376996 scopus 로고
    • Empowerment through bidialectalism
    • ERIC document no. ED 386 034
    • Campbell, E. D. 1994: Empowerment through bidialectalism. ERIC document no. ED 386 034.
    • (1994)
    • Campbell, E.D.1
  • 21
    • 33748336359 scopus 로고
    • Teaching a second dialect and some implications for TESOL
    • Carroll, W. S. and Feigenbaum, I. 1967: Teaching a second dialect and some implications for TESOL. TESOL Quarterly, 1, 31-9.
    • (1967) TESOL Quarterly , vol.1 , pp. 31-9
    • Carroll, W.S.1    Feigenbaum, I.2
  • 22
    • 85050841851 scopus 로고
    • Dialect acquisition
    • Chambers, J. K. 1992: Dialect acquisition. Language, 68, 673-705.
    • (1992) Language , vol.68 , pp. 673-705
    • Chambers, J.K.1
  • 23
    • 34248526829 scopus 로고
    • Acquisition of lexical and pronunciation variants
    • In W. Viereck (ed.), Band 4. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner
    • Chambers, J. K. 1995: Acquisition of lexical and pronunciation variants. In W. Viereck (ed.), Verbandlugen des Internationalen Dialektologenkongresses Bamberg 1990. Band 4. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 3-19.
    • (1995) Verbandlugen des Internationalen Dialektologenkongresses Bamberg 1990 , pp. 3-19
    • Chambers, J.K.1
  • 24
    • 6144244798 scopus 로고
    • Dialect features and linguistic conflict in schools
    • Cheshire, J. 1982: Dialect features and linguistic conflict in schools. Educational Review, 14, 53-67.
    • (1982) Educational Review , vol.14 , pp. 53-67
    • Cheshire, J.1
  • 25
    • 84925915424 scopus 로고
    • Attitudes and attained proficiency in EFL: a sociolinguistic study of adult Japanese learners
    • Chihara, T. and Oller, J. W. 1978: Attitudes and attained proficiency in EFL: a sociolinguistic study of adult Japanese learners. Language Learning, 28, 55-68.
    • (1978) Language Learning , vol.28 , pp. 55-68
    • Chihara, T.1    Oller, J.W.2
  • 26
    • 33748348747 scopus 로고
    • Effects of a six month remedial English program on oral, writing, and reading skills of third grade Hawaiian bilingual children
    • Ching, D. C. 1963: Effects of a six month remedial English program on oral, writing, and reading skills of third grade Hawaiian bilingual children. Journal of Experimental Education, 32 (2), 133-45.
    • (1963) Journal of Experimental Education , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 133-45
    • Ching, D.C.1
  • 27
    • 0037814452 scopus 로고
    • Ethnicity, contact and communicative competence in a second language
    • In H. Giles, P. W. Robinson, and P. M. Smith (eds), Oxford: Pergamon
    • Clément, R. 1980: Ethnicity, contact and communicative competence in a second language. In H. Giles, W. P. Robinson, and P. M. Smith (eds), Language: Social Psychological Perspectives. Oxford: Pergamon, 147-54.
    • (1980) Language: Social Psychological Perspectives , pp. 147-54
    • Clément, R.1
  • 28
    • 84965716408 scopus 로고
    • Second language proficiency and acculturation: an investigation of the effects of language status and individual characteristics
    • Clément, R. 1986: Second language proficiency and acculturation: an investigation of the effects of language status and individual characteristics. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 5, 271-90.
    • (1986) Journal of Language and Social Psychology , vol.5 , pp. 271-90
    • Clément, R.1
  • 30
    • 84970504573 scopus 로고
    • Aptitude, attitude and motivation in second language proficiency: a test of Clément's model
    • Clément, R. and Kruidenier, B. G. 1985: Aptitude, attitude and motivation in second language proficiency: a test of Clément's model. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 4, 21-37.
    • (1985) Journal of Language and Social Psychology , vol.4 , pp. 21-37
    • Clément, R.1    Kruidenier, B.G.2
  • 31
    • 84994945217 scopus 로고
    • Motivation, self-confidence, and group cohesion in the foreign language classroom
    • Clément, R., Dörnyei, Z., and Noels, K. A. 1994: Motivation, self-confidence, and group cohesion in the foreign language classroom. Language Learning, 44 (3), 417-48.
    • (1994) Language Learning , vol.44 , Issue.3 , pp. 417-48
    • Clément, R.1    Dörnyei, Z.2    Noels, K.A.3
  • 32
    • 0038780997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Going beyond the native speaker in language teaching
    • Cook, V. 1999: Going beyond the native speaker in language teaching. TESOL Quarterly, 33 (2), 185-209.
    • (1999) TESOL Quarterly , vol.33 , Issue.2 , pp. 185-209
    • Cook, V.1
  • 34
    • 84950083423 scopus 로고
    • Teaching English to Jamaican Creole speakers: a model of a multi-dialect situation
    • Craig, D. 1966: Teaching English to Jamaican Creole speakers: a model of a multi-dialect situation. Language Learning, 16 (1 and 2), 49-61.
    • (1966) Language Learning , vol.16 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 49-61
    • Craig, D.1
  • 35
    • 84977691490 scopus 로고
    • Some early indications of learning a second dialect
    • Craig, D. 1967: Some early indications of learning a second dialect. Language Learning, 17 (3 and 4), 133-40.
    • (1967) Language Learning , vol.17 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 133-40
    • Craig, D.1
  • 36
    • 0040375756 scopus 로고
    • Bidialectal education: Creole and standard in the West Indies
    • Craig, D. 1976: Bidialectal education: Creole and standard in the West Indies. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 8, 93-134.
    • (1976) International Journal of the Sociology of Language , vol.8 , pp. 93-134
    • Craig, D.1
  • 37
    • 84926270377 scopus 로고
    • Teaching standard English to nonstandard speakers: some methodological issues
    • Craig, D. 1983: Teaching standard English to nonstandard speakers: some methodological issues. Journal of Negro Education, 52 (1), 65-74.
    • (1983) Journal of Negro Education , vol.52 , Issue.1 , pp. 65-74
    • Craig, D.1
  • 38
    • 0039123910 scopus 로고
    • Creole English and education in Jamaica
    • In C. B. Paulston (ed.), New York: Greenwood
    • Craig, D. 1988: Creole English and education in Jamaica. In C. B. Paulston (ed.), International Handbook of Bilingualism and Bilingual Education. New York: Greenwood, 297-312.
    • (1988) International Handbook of Bilingualism and Bilingual Education , pp. 297-312
    • Craig, D.1
  • 39
    • 84955420138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Afta yu laan dem fi riid an rait dem Kriiyol, den wa muo?": Creole and the teaching of the lexifier language
    • Paper presented at the 3rd International Creole Workshop, Miami
    • Craig, D. 1998: "Afta yu laan dem fi riid an rait dem Kriiyol, den wa muo?": Creole and the teaching of the lexifier language. Paper presented at the 3rd International Creole Workshop, Miami.
    • (1998)
    • Craig, D.1
  • 40
    • 84979353528 scopus 로고
    • Motivation: reopening the research agenda
    • Crookes, G. and Schmidt, R. W. 1991: Motivation: reopening the research agenda. Language Learning, 41, 469-512.
    • (1991) Language Learning , vol.41 , pp. 469-512
    • Crookes, G.1    Schmidt, R.W.2
  • 41
    • 84977687711 scopus 로고
    • The Keaukaha model for mainstream dialect instruction
    • Crowley, D. P. 1968: The Keaukaha model for mainstream dialect instruction. Language Learning, 18 (1 and 2), 125-38.
    • (1968) Language Learning , vol.18 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 125-38
    • Crowley, D.P.1
  • 42
    • 84925885217 scopus 로고
    • Language expansion for Black children in the primary grades: a research report
    • Cullinan, B. E., Jagger, A. M., and Strickland, D. S. 1974: Language expansion for Black children in the primary grades: a research report. Young Children, 24 (2), 98-112.
    • (1974) Young Children , vol.24 , Issue.2 , pp. 98-112
    • Cullinan, B.E.1    Jagger, A.M.2    Strickland, D.S.3
  • 43
    • 77956320270 scopus 로고
    • The role of primary language development in promoting educational success for language minority students. Schooling and Language Minority Students: A Theoretical Framework
    • In California State Department of Education (ed.)
    • Cummins, J. 1981: The role of primary language development in promoting educational success for language minority students. In California State Department of Education (ed.), Schooling and Language Minority Students: A Theoretical Framework. Los Angeles: National Evaluation, Dissemination and Assessment Center, 3-49.
    • (1981) Los Angeles: National Evaluation, Dissemination and Assessment Center , pp. 3-49
    • Cummins, J.1
  • 44
    • 0040497261 scopus 로고
    • Second language acquisition within bilingual education programs
    • In L. M. Beebe (ed.), New York: Newbury House
    • Cummins, J. 1988: Second language acquisition within bilingual education programs. In L. M. Beebe (ed.), Issues in Second Language Acquisition: Multiple Perspectives. New York: Newbury House, 145-66.
    • (1988) Issues in Second Language Acquisition: Multiple Perspectives , pp. 145-66
    • Cummins, J.1
  • 45
  • 46
    • 84979414085 scopus 로고
    • The acquisition and maintenance of language by minority children
    • Day, R. R. 1989: The acquisition and maintenance of language by minority children. Language Learning, 29 (2), 295-303.
    • (1989) Language Learning , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 295-303
    • Day, R.R.1
  • 47
    • 77957210939 scopus 로고
    • A bilingual production model: Levelt's "Speaking" Model adapted
    • De Bot, K. 1992: A bilingual production model: Levelt's "Speaking" Model adapted. Applied Linguistics, 13, 1-24.
    • (1992) Applied Linguistics , vol.13 , pp. 1-24
    • De Bot, K.1
  • 48
    • 84936077635 scopus 로고
    • The silenced dialogue: power and pedagogy in educating other people's children
    • Delpit, L. D. 1988: The silenced dialogue: power and pedagogy in educating other people's children. Harvard Educational Review, 58 (3), 280-98.
    • (1988) Harvard Educational Review , vol.58 , Issue.3 , pp. 280-98
    • Delpit, L.D.1
  • 49
    • 18844411256 scopus 로고
    • Language diversity and learning
    • In S. Hynds and D. L. Rubin (eds), Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English
    • Delpit, L. D. 1990: Language diversity and learning. In S. Hynds and D. L. Rubin (eds), Perspectives on Talk and Learning. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English, 247-66.
    • (1990) Perspectives on Talk and Learning , pp. 247-66
    • Delpit, L.D.1
  • 50
    • 84933103471 scopus 로고
    • Language, Society, and Education: A Profile of Black English
    • (ed.) Worthington, OH: Charles A. Jones
    • De Stefano, J. S. (ed.) 1973: Language, Society, and Education: A Profile of Black English. Worthington, OH: Charles A. Jones.
    • (1973)
    • De Stefano, J.S.1
  • 51
    • 84976039418 scopus 로고
    • Bilingualism and bidialectalism
    • In R. P. Fox (ed.), Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English
    • Di Pietro, R. J. 1973: Bilingualism and bidialectalism. In R. P. Fox (ed.), Essays on Teaching English as a Second Dialect. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English, 35-42.
    • (1973) Essays on Teaching English as a Second Dialect , pp. 35-42
    • Di Pietro, R.J.1
  • 52
    • 84979405965 scopus 로고
    • Understanding L2 motivation: on with the challenge
    • Dörnyei, Z. 1994: Understanding L2 motivation: on with the challenge. Modern Language Journal, 78 (4), 515-23.
    • (1994) Modern Language Journal , vol.78 , Issue.4 , pp. 515-23
    • Dörnyei, Z.1
  • 53
    • 85048006086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motivation and Second Language Acquisition
    • SLTCC Technical Report no. 23. Second Language Teaching and Curriculum Center, University of Hawai'i
    • Dörnyei, Z. and Schmidt, R. 2001: Motivation and Second Language Acquisition. SLTCC Technical Report no. 23. Second Language Teaching and Curriculum Center, University of Hawai'i.
    • (2001)
    • Dörnyei, Z.1    Schmidt, R.2
  • 54
    • 0004133962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focus on Form in Classroom Second Language Acquisition
    • (eds) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Doughty, C. and Williams, J. (eds) 1998: Focus on Form in Classroom Second Language Acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1998)
    • Doughty, C.1    Williams, J.2
  • 55
    • 0009378564 scopus 로고
    • Applications of the social psychology of language: sociolinguistics and education
    • In P. Trudgill (ed.), London: Academic Press
    • Edwards, J. and Giles, H. 1984: Applications of the social psychology of language: sociolinguistics and education. In P. Trudgill (ed.), Applied Sociolinguistics. London: Academic Press, 119-58.
    • (1984) Applied Sociolinguistics , pp. 119-58
    • Edwards, J.1    Giles, H.2
  • 56
    • 84979437352 scopus 로고
    • Target language variation and second-language acquisition: learning English in New York City
    • Eisenstein, M. 1986: Target language variation and second-language acquisition: learning English in New York City. World Englishes, 5 (1), 31-46.
    • (1986) World Englishes , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 31-46
    • Eisenstein, M.1
  • 57
    • 0003451050 scopus 로고
    • The Study of Second Language Acquisition
    • Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • Ellis, R. 1994: The Study of Second Language Acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • (1994)
    • Ellis, R.1
  • 58
    • 0004109925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SLA Research and Language Teaching
    • Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press
    • Ellis, R. 1997: SLA Research and Language Teaching. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
    • (1997)
    • Ellis, R.1
  • 59
    • 12344270241 scopus 로고
    • English and Creole: the dialectics of choice in a college writing program
    • In I. Shor (ed.), Portsmouth, MA: Boynton/Cook
    • Elsasser, N. and Irvine, P. 1987: English and Creole: the dialectics of choice in a college writing program. In I. Shor (ed.), Freire for the Classroom: A Sourcebook for Literacy Teaching. Portsmouth, MA: Boynton/Cook, 129-49.
    • (1987) Freire for the Classroom: A Sourcebook for Literacy Teaching , pp. 129-49
    • Elsasser, N.1    Irvine, P.2
  • 60
    • 0040805880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Creole and Dialect Continua: Standard Acquisition Processes in Belize and China
    • Amsterdam: John Benjamins
    • Escure, G. 1997: Creole and Dialect Continua: Standard Acquisition Processes in Belize and China. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
    • (1997)
    • Escure, G.1
  • 61
    • 0010662701 scopus 로고
    • Teaching Standard English in the Inner City
    • (eds) Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics
    • Fasold, R. W. and Shuy, R. W. (eds) 1970: Teaching Standard English in the Inner City. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics.
    • (1970)
    • Fasold, R.W.1    Shuy, R.W.2
  • 62
    • 33748345011 scopus 로고
    • Using foreign language methodology to teach standard English: evaluation and adaptation
    • 156-7
    • Feigenbaum, I. 1969: Using foreign language methodology to teach standard English: evaluation and adaptation. Florida FL Reporter, 7 (1), 116-22, 156-7.
    • (1969) Florida FL Reporter , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 116-22
    • Feigenbaum, I.1
  • 63
    • 33748369976 scopus 로고
    • The use of nonstandard English in teaching standard: contrast and comparison
    • In R. W. Fasold and R. W. Shuy (eds), Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics
    • Feigenbaum, I. 1970: The use of nonstandard English in teaching standard: contrast and comparison. In R. W. Fasold and R. W. Shuy (eds), Teaching Standard English in the Inner City. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics, 87-104.
    • (1970) Teaching Standard English in the Inner City , pp. 87-104
    • Feigenbaum, I.1
  • 64
    • 0000138090 scopus 로고
    • Diglossia
    • Ferguson, C. A. 1959: Diglossia. Word, 15, 325-40.
    • (1959) Word , vol.15 , pp. 325-40
    • Ferguson, C.A.1
  • 65
    • 77955003941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On discourse, communication, and (some) fundamental concepts in SLA research
    • Firth, A. and Wagner, J. 1997: On discourse, communication, and (some) fundamental concepts in SLA research. Modern Language Journal, 81, 285-300.
    • (1997) Modern Language Journal , vol.81 , pp. 285-300
    • Firth, A.1    Wagner, J.2
  • 66
    • 1542372033 scopus 로고
    • What has the sociology of language to say to the teacher? On teaching the standard variety to speakers of dialectal or sociolectal varieties
    • In C. B. Cazden, V. P. John, and D. Hymes (eds), New York: Teachers College, Colombia University
    • Fishman, J. A. and Lueders-Salmon, E. 1972: What has the sociology of language to say to the teacher? On teaching the standard variety to speakers of dialectal or sociolectal varieties. In C. B. Cazden, V. P. John, and D. Hymes (eds), Functions of Language in the Classroom. New York: Teachers College, Colombia University, 67-83.
    • (1972) Functions of Language in the Classroom , pp. 67-83
    • Fishman, J.A.1    Lueders-Salmon, E.2
  • 67
    • 0345531540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teaching elementary students who speak Black English Vernacular to write in standard English: effects of dialect transformation practice
    • Fogel, H. and Ehri, L. C. 2000: Teaching elementary students who speak Black English Vernacular to write in standard English: effects of dialect transformation practice. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 212-35.
    • (2000) Contemporary Educational Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 212-35
    • Fogel, H.1    Ehri, L.C.2
  • 68
    • 0033241727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissin' "the Standard": Ebonics and guerrilla warfare at Capital High
    • Fordham, S. 1999: Dissin' "the Standard": Ebonics and guerrilla warfare at Capital High. Anthropology and Education Quarterly, 30 (3), 272-93.
    • (1999) Anthropology and Education Quarterly , vol.30 , Issue.3 , pp. 272-93
    • Fordham, S.1
  • 69
    • 84955398955 scopus 로고
    • Essays on Teaching English as a Second Dialect
    • (ed.) Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English
    • Fox, R. P. (ed.) 1973: Essays on Teaching English as a Second Dialect. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English.
    • (1973)
    • Fox, R.P.1
  • 70
    • 0037983169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bilingual education
    • In F. Coulmas (ed.), Oxford: Blackwell
    • García, O. 1997: Bilingual education. In F. Coulmas (ed.), The Handbook of Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Blackwell, 405-20.
    • (1997) The Handbook of Sociolinguistics , pp. 405-20
    • García, O.1
  • 71
    • 84979357362 scopus 로고
    • On the validity of affective variables in second language learning: conceptual, contextual and statistical considerations
    • Gardner, R. C. 1980: On the validity of affective variables in second language learning: conceptual, contextual and statistical considerations. Language Learning, 30, 255-70.
    • (1980) Language Learning , vol.30 , pp. 255-70
    • Gardner, R.C.1
  • 72
    • 0000243575 scopus 로고
    • Learning another language: a true social psychological experiment
    • Gardner, R. C. 1983: Learning another language: a true social psychological experiment. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 2, 219-40.
    • (1983) Journal of Language and Social Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 219-40
    • Gardner, R.C.1
  • 73
    • 0003669741 scopus 로고
    • Social Psychology and Second Language Learning: The Role of Attitudes and Motivation
    • London: Edward Arnold
    • Gardner, R. C. 1985: Social Psychology and Second Language Learning: The Role of Attitudes and Motivation. London: Edward Arnold.
    • (1985)
    • Gardner, R.C.1
  • 74
    • 84979344530 scopus 로고
    • The socio-educational model of second language learning: assumptions, findings and issues
    • Gardner, R. C. 1988: The socio-educational model of second language learning: assumptions, findings and issues. Language Learning, 38, 101-26.
    • (1988) Language Learning , vol.38 , pp. 101-26
    • Gardner, R.C.1
  • 75
    • 0012890996 scopus 로고
    • Social psychological perspectives on second language acquisition
    • In H. Giles and W. P. Robinson (eds), Chichester: John Wiley
    • Gardner, R. C. and Clément, R. 1990: Social psychological perspectives on second language acquisition. In H. Giles and W. P. Robinson (eds), Handbook of Language and Social Psychology. Chichester: John Wiley, 495-517.
    • (1990) Handbook of Language and Social Psychology , pp. 495-517
    • Gardner, R.C.1    Clément, R.2
  • 76
    • 70449273929 scopus 로고
    • Motivational variables in second language acquisition
    • Gardner, R. C. and Lambert, W. E. 1959: Motivational variables in second language acquisition. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 13, 266-72.
    • (1959) Canadian Journal of Psychology , vol.13 , pp. 266-72
    • Gardner, R.C.1    Lambert, W.E.2
  • 77
    • 0003595198 scopus 로고
    • Attitudes and Motivation in Second Language Learning
    • Rowley, MA: Newbury House
    • Gardner, R. C. and Lambert, W. E. 1972: Attitudes and Motivation in Second Language Learning. Rowley, MA: Newbury House.
    • (1972)
    • Gardner, R.C.1    Lambert, W.E.2
  • 78
    • 84979434741 scopus 로고
    • On motivation: measurement and conceptual considerations
    • Gardner, R. C. and Tremblay, P. F. 1994a: On motivation: measurement and conceptual considerations. Modern Language Journal, 78 (3), 359-68.
    • (1994) Modern Language Journal , vol.78 , Issue.3 , pp. 359-68
    • Gardner, R.C.1    Tremblay, P.F.2
  • 79
    • 84979434741 scopus 로고
    • On motivation, research agendas, and theoretical frameworks
    • Gardner, R. C. and Tremblay, P. F. 1994b: On motivation, research agendas, and theoretical frameworks. Modern Language Journal, 78 (4), 524-7.
    • (1994) Modern Language Journal , vol.78 , Issue.4 , pp. 524-7
    • Gardner, R.C.1    Tremblay, P.F.2
  • 80
    • 84970109606 scopus 로고
    • The socio-educational model of second language acquisition: an investigation using LISREL causal modelling
    • Gardner, R. C., Lalonde, R. M., and Pierson, R. 1983: The socio-educational model of second language acquisition: an investigation using LISREL causal modelling. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 2, 1-15.
    • (1983) Journal of Language and Social Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 1-15
    • Gardner, R.C.1    Lalonde, R.M.2    Pierson, R.3
  • 81
    • 84933480193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a full model of second language learning: an empirical investigation
    • Gardner, R. C., Tremblay, P. F., and Masgoret, A.-M. 1997: Towards a full model of second language learning: an empirical investigation. Modern Language Journal, 81 (3), 344-62.
    • (1997) Modern Language Journal , vol.81 , Issue.3 , pp. 344-62
    • Gardner, R.C.1    Tremblay, P.F.2    Masgoret, A.-M.3
  • 82
    • 0004112756 scopus 로고
    • Learning through Two Languages
    • Cambridge, MA: Newbury House
    • Genesee, F. 1987: Learning through Two Languages. Cambridge, MA: Newbury House.
    • (1987)
    • Genesee, F.1
  • 83
    • 84925908926 scopus 로고
    • Social psychology and applied linguistics: towards an integrated approach
    • Giles, H. 1977: Social psychology and applied linguistics: towards an integrated approach. ILT Review of Applied Linguistics, 35, 27-42.
    • (1977) ILT Review of Applied Linguistics , vol.35 , pp. 27-42
    • Giles, H.1
  • 85
    • 0002781163 scopus 로고
    • The role of language in ethnic group relations
    • In J. C. Turner and H. Giles (eds), Oxford: Blackwell
    • Giles, H. and Johnson, P. 1981: The role of language in ethnic group relations. In J. C. Turner and H. Giles (eds), Intergroup Behaviour. Oxford: Blackwell, 199-243.
    • (1981) Intergroup Behaviour , pp. 199-243
    • Giles, H.1    Johnson, P.2
  • 87
    • 0002405148 scopus 로고
    • Toward a theory of language in ethnic group relations
    • In H. Giles (ed.), New York: Academic Press
    • Giles, H., Bourhis, R. Y., and Taylor, D. M. 1977: Toward a theory of language in ethnic group relations. In H. Giles (ed.), Language, Ethnicity and Intergroup Relations. New York: Academic Press, 307-48.
    • (1977) Language, Ethnicity and Intergroup Relations , pp. 307-48
    • Giles, H.1    Bourhis, R.Y.2    Taylor, D.M.3
  • 88
    • 34247944500 scopus 로고
    • Towards a theory of interpersonal accommodation through speech: some Canadian data
    • Giles, H., Taylor, D., and Bourhis, R. 1973: Towards a theory of interpersonal accommodation through speech: some Canadian data. Language in Society, 2, 177-92.
    • (1973) Language in Society , vol.2 , pp. 177-92
    • Giles, H.1    Taylor, D.2    Bourhis, R.3
  • 89
    • 0348137103 scopus 로고
    • Dialect barriers to reading comprehension
    • In J. C. Baratz and R. W. Shuy (eds), Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics
    • Goodman, K. S. 1969: Dialect barriers to reading comprehension. In J. C. Baratz and R. W. Shuy (eds), Teaching Black Children to Read. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics, 14-28.
    • (1969) Teaching Black Children to Read , pp. 14-28
    • Goodman, K.S.1
  • 90
    • 0041805744 scopus 로고
    • The Step-Tongue: Children's English in Singapore
    • Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
    • Gupta, A. F. 1994: The Step-Tongue: Children's English in Singapore. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
    • (1994)
    • Gupta, A.F.1
  • 91
    • 33748344160 scopus 로고
    • Teaching Standard English as a Second Dialect to Speakers of Nonstandard English in High School Business Education: Final Report
    • ERIC document no. ED 038 639. Washington, DC: Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Office of Education, Bureau of Research
    • Hagerman, B. P. 1970: Teaching Standard English as a Second Dialect to Speakers of Nonstandard English in High School Business Education: Final Report. ERIC document no. ED 038 639. Washington, DC: Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Office of Education, Bureau of Research.
    • (1970)
    • Hagerman, B.P.1
  • 93
    • 21844497960 scopus 로고
    • (Re)creating our worlds with words: a sociohistorical perspective of face-to-face interaction
    • Hall, J. K. 1995: (Re)creating our worlds with words: a sociohistorical perspective of face-to-face interaction. Applied Linguistics, 16, 206-32.
    • (1995) Applied Linguistics , vol.16 , pp. 206-32
    • Hall, J.K.1
  • 94
    • 84955406690 scopus 로고
    • The future of ESOL: continuity or generation gap
    • In R. P. Fox (ed.), Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English
    • Harris, D. P. 1973: The future of ESOL: continuity or generation gap. In R. P. Fox (ed.), Essays on Teaching English as a Second Dialect. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English, 67-81.
    • (1973) Essays on Teaching English as a Second Dialect , pp. 67-81
    • Harris, D.P.1
  • 96
    • 84955409517 scopus 로고
    • Bilingualism and bidialectalism
    • In R. W. Shuy, A. L. Davis, and R. F. Hogan (eds), Champaign, IL: National Council of Teachers of English
    • Haugen, E. 1964: Bilingualism and bidialectalism. In R. W. Shuy, A. L. Davis, and R. F. Hogan (eds), Social Dialects and Language Learning. Champaign, IL: National Council of Teachers of English, 123-6.
    • (1964) Social Dialects and Language Learning , pp. 123-6
    • Haugen, E.1
  • 97
    • 26544477845 scopus 로고
    • Language policy and language rights in the United States: issues in bilingualism
    • In T. Skutnabb-Kangas and J. Cummins (eds), Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
    • Hernández-Chávez, E. 1988: Language policy and language rights in the United States: issues in bilingualism. In T. Skutnabb-Kangas and J. Cummins (eds), Minority Education: From Shame to Struggle. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 45-56.
    • (1988) Minority Education: From Shame to Struggle , pp. 45-56
    • Hernández-Chávez, E.1
  • 98
    • 0003982471 scopus 로고
    • White Talk Black Talk: Inter-Racial Friendships and Communication among Adolescents
    • Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Hewitt, R. 1986: White Talk Black Talk: Inter-Racial Friendships and Communication among Adolescents. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1986)
    • Hewitt, R.1
  • 99
    • 85064877409 scopus 로고
    • Using the ethnography of African-American communication in teaching composition to bidialectal students
    • In M. E. McGroarty and C. J. Faltis (eds), Contributions to the Sociology of Language 58. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
    • Hoover, M. R. 1991: Using the ethnography of African-American communication in teaching composition to bidialectal students. In M. E. McGroarty and C. J. Faltis (eds), Languages in School and Society. Contributions to the Sociology of Language 58. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 465 -85.
    • (1991) Languages in School and Society , pp. 465-85
    • Hoover, M.R.1
  • 100
    • 18144387120 scopus 로고
    • Teaching standard English to achieve bidialectalism: problems with current practices
    • Jagger, A. M. and Cullinan, B. E. 1974: Teaching standard English to achieve bidialectalism: problems with current practices. Florida FL Reporter, 12 (1 and 2), 63-70.
    • (1974) Florida FL Reporter , vol.12 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 63-70
    • Jagger, A.M.1    Cullinan, B.E.2
  • 101
    • 33748369754 scopus 로고
    • Awareness, consciousness and language contrast
    • In C. Mair and M. Markus (eds), Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft, Anglistische Reihe Band 5. Innsbruck: Institüt für Anglistik, Universität Innsbruck
    • James, C. 1992: Awareness, consciousness and language contrast. In C. Mair and M. Markus (eds), New Departures in Contrastive Linguistics. Vol. 2. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft, Anglistische Reihe Band 5. Innsbruck: Institüt für Anglistik, Universität Innsbruck, 183-98.
    • (1992) New Departures in Contrastive Linguistics , vol.2 , pp. 183-98
    • James, C.1
  • 102
    • 0344470624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mother tongue use in bilingual/bidialectal education: implication for Bruneian Duibahasa
    • James, C. 1996: Mother tongue use in bilingual/bidialectal education: implication for Bruneian Duibahasa. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 17, 248-57.
    • (1996) Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development , vol.17 , pp. 248-57
    • James, C.1
  • 103
    • 33748343922 scopus 로고
    • Pedagogical problems of using second language techniques for teaching standard English to speakers of nonstandard Negro dialect
    • 154
    • Johnson, K. R. 1969: Pedagogical problems of using second language techniques for teaching standard English to speakers of nonstandard Negro dialect. Florida FL Reporter, 7 (1), 75-8, 154.
    • (1969) Florida FL Reporter , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 75-8
    • Johnson, K.R.1
  • 104
    • 84925073365 scopus 로고
    • Teacher's attitude toward the nonstandard Negro dialect - let's change it
    • In J. S. de Stefano and S. E. Fox (eds), Boston: Little, Brown
    • Johnson, K. R. 1974: Teacher's attitude toward the nonstandard Negro dialect - let's change it. In J. S. de Stefano and S. E. Fox (eds), Language and the Language Arts. Boston: Little, Brown, 148-58.
    • (1974) Language and the Language Arts , pp. 148-58
    • Johnson, K.R.1
  • 105
    • 84979445628 scopus 로고
    • Language policy, curriculum development, and TESOL instruction: a search for compatibility
    • In M. H. Long and J. C. Richards (eds), New York: Newbury House
    • Judd, E. L. 1987: Language policy, curriculum development, and TESOL instruction: a search for compatibility. In M. H. Long and J. C. Richards (eds), Methodology in TESOL: A Book of Readings. New York: Newbury House, 3-9.
    • (1987) Methodology in TESOL: A Book of Readings , pp. 3-9
    • Judd, E.L.1
  • 106
    • 0001882015 scopus 로고
    • Standards, codification and sociolinguistic realism: the English language in the outer circle
    • In R. Quirk and H. Widdowson (eds), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Kachru, B. B. 1985: Standards, codification and sociolinguistic realism: the English language in the outer circle. In R. Quirk and H. Widdowson (eds), English in the World: Teaching and Learning the Language and Literatures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 11-30.
    • (1985) English in the World: Teaching and Learning the Language and Literatures , pp. 11-30
    • Kachru, B.B.1
  • 107
    • 0007305026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Englishes
    • In S. L. McKay and N. H. Hornberger (eds), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Kachru, B. B. and Nelson, C. L. 1996: World Englishes. In S. L. McKay and N. H. Hornberger (eds), Sociolinguistics and Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 71-102.
    • (1996) Sociolinguistics and Language Teaching , pp. 71-102
    • Kachru, B.B.1    Nelson, C.L.2
  • 108
    • 0009004652 scopus 로고
    • Towards a characterization of the strategies of transfer in second language learning
    • Kellerman, E. 1977: Towards a characterization of the strategies of transfer in second language learning. Interlanguage Studies Bulletin, 2, 58-145.
    • (1977) Interlanguage Studies Bulletin , vol.2 , pp. 58-145
    • Kellerman, E.1
  • 110
    • 21344484052 scopus 로고
    • The role of social identity in second-language proficiency and use: testing the Intergroup Model
    • Kelly, C., Sachdev, I., Kottsieper, P. and Ingram, M. 1993: The role of social identity in second-language proficiency and use: testing the Intergroup Model. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 12, 288-301.
    • (1993) Journal of Language and Social Psychology , vol.12 , pp. 288-301
    • Kelly, C.1    Sachdev, I.2    Kottsieper, P.3    Ingram, M.4
  • 111
    • 0039246220 scopus 로고
    • Reading creole English does not destroy your brain cells!
    • In J. Siegel (ed.), Occasional Paper no. 12. Melbourne: Applied Linguistics Association of Australia
    • Kephart, R. F. 1992: Reading creole English does not destroy your brain cells! In J. Siegel (ed.), Pidgins, Creoles and Nonstandard Dialects in Education. Occasional Paper no. 12. Melbourne: Applied Linguistics Association of Australia, 67-86.
    • (1992) Pidgins, Creoles and Nonstandard Dialects in Education , pp. 67-86
    • Kephart, R.F.1
  • 112
    • 0003485455 scopus 로고
    • Dialects Converging: Rural Speech in Urban Norway
    • Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • Kerswill, P. 1994: Dialects Converging: Rural Speech in Urban Norway. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    • (1994)
    • Kerswill, P.1
  • 113
    • 77952441224 scopus 로고
    • Social factors in the consideration of teaching standard English
    • 157
    • Kochman, T. 1969: Social factors in the consideration of teaching standard English. Florida FL Reporter, 7 (1), 87-8, 157.
    • (1969) Florida FL Reporter , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 87-8
    • Kochman, T.1
  • 114
    • 0003405652 scopus 로고
    • The Input Hypothesis: Issues and Implications
    • New York: Longman
    • Krashen, S. 1985: The Input Hypothesis: Issues and Implications. New York: Longman.
    • (1985)
    • Krashen, S.1
  • 115
    • 33644596733 scopus 로고
    • Stages in the acquisition of Standard English
    • In R. W. Shuy, A. L. Davis, and R. F. Hogan (eds), Champaign, IL: National Council of Teachers of English
    • Labov, W. 1964: Stages in the acquisition of Standard English. In R. W. Shuy, A. L. Davis, and R. F. Hogan (eds), Social Dialects and Language Learning. Champaign, IL: National Council of Teachers of English, 77-103.
    • (1964) Social Dialects and Language Learning , pp. 77-103
    • Labov, W.1
  • 116
    • 0012543022 scopus 로고
    • The logic of nonstandard English
    • In J. E. Alatis (ed.), Monograph Series on Language and Linguistics, no. 22. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press
    • Labov, W. 1969: The logic of nonstandard English. In J. E. Alatis (ed.), Linguistics and the Teaching of Standard English. Monograph Series on Language and Linguistics, no. 22. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 1-24.
    • (1969) Linguistics and the Teaching of Standard English , pp. 1-24
    • Labov, W.1
  • 117
    • 0346904363 scopus 로고
    • Can reading failure be reversed? A linguistic approach to the question
    • In V. L. Gadsden and D. A. Wagner (eds), Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press
    • Labov, W. 1995: Can reading failure be reversed? A linguistic approach to the question. In V. L. Gadsden and D. A. Wagner (eds), Literacy among African- American Youth. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 39-68.
    • (1995) Literacy among African- American Youth , pp. 39-68
    • Labov, W.1
  • 118
    • 0001937860 scopus 로고
    • Culture and language as factors in learning and education
    • In F. Aboud and R. D. Mead (eds), Bellingham: Western Washington State College
    • Lambert, W. E. 1974: Culture and language as factors in learning and education. In F. Aboud and R. D. Mead (eds), Cultural Factors in Learning. Bellingham: Western Washington State College, 105-19.
    • (1974) Cultural Factors in Learning , pp. 105-19
    • Lambert, W.E.1
  • 119
    • 0003642536 scopus 로고
    • An Introduction to Second Language Acquisition Research
    • London: Longman
    • Larsen-Freeman, D. and Long, M. H. 1991: An Introduction to Second Language Acquisition Research. London: Longman.
    • (1991)
    • Larsen-Freeman, D.1    Long, M.H.2
  • 120
    • 0010701979 scopus 로고
    • Dialectal readers: rationale, use and value
    • In J. L. Laffey and R. Shuy (eds), Newark, DE: International Reading Association
    • Leaverton, L. 1973: Dialectal readers: rationale, use and value. In J. L. Laffey and R. Shuy (eds), Language Differences: Do They Interfere? Newark, DE: International Reading Association, 114-26.
    • (1973) Language Differences: Do They Interfere? , pp. 114-26
    • Leaverton, L.1
  • 121
    • 33748349749 scopus 로고
    • Pattern Practice in the Teaching of Standard English to Students with a Non-Standard Dialect
    • New York: Teachers College - Columbia University
    • Lin, S.-S. C. 1965: Pattern Practice in the Teaching of Standard English to Students with a Non-Standard Dialect. New York: Teachers College - Columbia University.
    • (1965)
    • Lin, S.-S.C.1
  • 122
    • 0002401920 scopus 로고
    • Native speaker/ non-native speaker conversation in the second language classroom
    • In M. A. Clarke and J. Handscombe (eds), Washington, DC: TESOL
    • Long, M. H. 1983: Native speaker/ non-native speaker conversation in the second language classroom. In M. A. Clarke and J. Handscombe (eds), On TESOL '82: Pacific Perspectives in Language Learning and Teaching. Washington, DC: TESOL, 207-25.
    • (1983) On TESOL '82: Pacific Perspectives in Language Learning and Teaching , pp. 207-25
    • Long, M.H.1
  • 123
    • 84972468376 scopus 로고
    • Maturational constraints on language development
    • Long, M. H. 1990: Maturational constraints on language development. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 12, 251-85.
    • (1990) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.12 , pp. 251-85
    • Long, M.H.1
  • 126
    • 33748355947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • English for Your Success: Handbook of Successful Strategies for Educators
    • Maywood, NJ: Peoples Publishing
    • Los Angeles Unified School District and LeMoine, N. 1999: English for Your Success: Handbook of Successful Strategies for Educators. Maywood, NJ: Peoples Publishing.
    • (1999)
    • Los Angeles Unified School, District1    LeMoine, N.2
  • 127
    • 84909442234 scopus 로고
    • A Guide for Teaching Standard English to Black Dialect Speakers
    • EDRS Document ED 340 248
    • Love, T. A. 1991: A Guide for Teaching Standard English to Black Dialect Speakers. EDRS Document ED 340 248.
    • (1991)
    • Love, T.A.1
  • 128
    • 84971946847 scopus 로고
    • Non-native varieties of English: nativization, norms, and implications
    • Lowenberg, P. H. 1986a: Non-native varieties of English: nativization, norms, and implications. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 8 (1), 1-18.
    • (1986) Studies in Second Language Acquisition , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-18
    • Lowenberg, P.H.1
  • 129
    • 84979453813 scopus 로고
    • Sociolinguistic context and second-language acquisition: acculturation and creativity in Malaysian English
    • Lowenberg, P. H. 1986b: Sociolinguistic context and second-language acquisition: acculturation and creativity in Malaysian English. World Englishes, 5 (1), 71-83.
    • (1986) World Englishes , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 71-83
    • Lowenberg, P.H.1
  • 130
    • 85055290944 scopus 로고
    • Language transfer and levels of meaning potential in Malaysian English
    • In J. E. Alatis (ed.), Georgetown University Round Table on Languages and Linguistics 1992. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press
    • Lowenberg, P. H. 1993: Language transfer and levels of meaning potential in Malaysian English. In J. E. Alatis (ed.), Language, Communication and Social Meaning. Georgetown University Round Table on Languages and Linguistics 1992. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 41-55.
    • (1993) Language, Communication and Social Meaning , pp. 41-55
    • Lowenberg, P.H.1
  • 131
    • 0038152123 scopus 로고
    • Motivation to learn and language proficiency
    • Lukmani, Y. M. 1972: Motivation to learn and language proficiency. Language Learning, 22, 261-73.
    • (1972) Language Learning , vol.22 , pp. 261-73
    • Lukmani, Y.M.1
  • 132
    • 0030519007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple discourses, multiple identities: investment and agency in second-language learning among Chinese adolescent immigrant students
    • McKay, S. L. and Wong, S. C. 1996: Multiple discourses, multiple identities: investment and agency in second-language learning among Chinese adolescent immigrant students. Harvard Educational Review, 66, 577-608.
    • (1996) Harvard Educational Review , vol.66 , pp. 577-608
    • McKay, S.L.1    Wong, S.C.2
  • 133
    • 0003786444 scopus 로고
    • Theories of Second Language Learning
    • London: Edward Arnold
    • McLaughlin, B. 1987: Theories of Second Language Learning. London: Edward Arnold.
    • (1987)
    • McLaughlin, B.1
  • 134
    • 9344230969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Word on the Street: Fact and Fable about American English
    • New York and London: Plenum Trade
    • McWhorter, J. 1998: The Word on the Street: Fact and Fable about American English. New York and London: Plenum Trade.
    • (1998)
    • McWhorter, J.1
  • 135
    • 0003564629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Losing the Race: Self-Sabotage in Black America
    • New York: Free Press
    • McWhorter, J. 2000: Losing the Race: Self-Sabotage in Black America. New York: Free Press.
    • (2000)
    • McWhorter, J.1
  • 136
    • 33748345668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Second language acquisition for languages with minimal distance
    • Ms. Department of English as a Second Language, University of Hawai'i
    • Menacker, T. 1998: Second language acquisition for languages with minimal distance. Ms. Department of English as a Second Language, University of Hawai'i.
    • (1998)
    • Menacker, T.1
  • 137
    • 84925979170 scopus 로고
    • Creole and English as languages of instruction in bilingual education with Aboriginal Australians: some research findings
    • Murtagh, E. J. 1982: Creole and English as languages of instruction in bilingual education with Aboriginal Australians: some research findings. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 36, 15-33.
    • (1982) International Journal of the Sociology of Language , vol.36 , pp. 15-33
    • Murtagh, E.J.1
  • 138
    • 84933482486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ESL/EFL dichotomy today: language politics or pragmatics?
    • Nayar, P. B. 1997: ESL/EFL dichotomy today: language politics or pragmatics? TESOL Quarterly, 31, 9-37.
    • (1997) TESOL Quarterly , vol.31 , pp. 9-37
    • Nayar, P.B.1
  • 140
    • 33744543826 scopus 로고
    • Research on the measurement of affective variables: some remaining questions
    • In R. Andersen (ed.), Rowley, MA: Newbury House
    • Oller, J. W. 1981: Research on the measurement of affective variables: some remaining questions. In R. Andersen (ed.), New Dimensions in Second Language Acquisition Research. Rowley, MA: Newbury House, 14-27.
    • (1981) New Dimensions in Second Language Acquisition Research , pp. 14-27
    • Oller, J.W.1
  • 141
    • 84920348158 scopus 로고
    • Attitudes and attained proficiency in ESL: a sociolinguistic study of Mexican Americans in the Southwest
    • Oller, J. W., Baca, L., and Vigil, F. 1979: Attitudes and attained proficiency in ESL: a sociolinguistic study of Mexican Americans in the Southwest. TESOL Quarterly, 11, 173-83.
    • (1979) TESOL Quarterly , vol.11 , pp. 173-83
    • Oller, J.W.1    Baca, L.2    Vigil, F.3
  • 142
    • 0004052545 scopus 로고
    • Bilingualism and the First School Language: An Educational Problem Illustrated by Results from a Swedish Language Area
    • Umea: Västernbottens Tryckeri
    • Österberg, T. 1961: Bilingualism and the First School Language: An Educational Problem Illustrated by Results from a Swedish Language Area. Umea: Västernbottens Tryckeri.
    • (1961)
    • Österberg, T.1
  • 143
    • 84937325767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TOEFL to the test: are monodialectal AAL-speakers similar to ESL students?
    • Pandey, A. 2000: TOEFL to the test: are monodialectal AAL-speakers similar to ESL students? World Englishes, 19 (1), 89-106.
    • (2000) World Englishes , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 89-106
    • Pandey, A.1
  • 144
    • 0007071908 scopus 로고
    • Factors controlling the acquisition of the Philadelphia dialect by out-of-state children
    • In W. Labov (ed.), New York: Academic Press
    • Payne, A. C. 1980: Factors controlling the acquisition of the Philadelphia dialect by out-of-state children. In W. Labov (ed.), Locating Language in Time and Space. New York: Academic Press, 143-78.
    • (1980) Locating Language in Time and Space , pp. 143-78
    • Payne, A.C.1
  • 145
    • 84982062515 scopus 로고
    • Social identity, investment, and language learning
    • Peirce, B. N. 1995: Social identity, investment, and language learning. TESOL Quarterly, 29, 9-31.
    • (1995) TESOL Quarterly , vol.29 , pp. 9-31
    • Peirce, B.N.1
  • 146
    • 0037548772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Real Ebonics Debate: Power, Language, and the Education of African-American Children
    • (eds) Boston: Beacon Press
    • Perry, T. and Delpit, L. (eds) 1998: The Real Ebonics Debate: Power, Language, and the Education of African-American Children. Boston: Beacon Press.
    • (1998)
    • Perry, T.1    Delpit, L.2
  • 147
    • 33748354986 scopus 로고
    • Teaching Standard English as a Second Dialect to Primary School Children in Hilo, Hawaii
    • Final Report: Project no. 5-0692. Washington, DC: US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, Bureau of Research
    • Peterson, R. O., Chuck, H. C., and Coladarci, A. P. 1969: Teaching Standard English as a Second Dialect to Primary School Children in Hilo, Hawaii. Final Report: Project no. 5-0692. Washington, DC: US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, Bureau of Research.
    • (1969)
    • Peterson, R.O.1    Chuck, H.C.2    Coladarci, A.P.3
  • 148
    • 0142093893 scopus 로고
    • Linguicism: structures and ideologies in linguistic imperialism
    • In T. Skutnabb-Kangas and J. Cummins (eds), Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
    • Phillipson, R. 1988: Linguicism: structures and ideologies in linguistic imperialism. In T. Skutnabb-Kangas and J. Cummins (eds), Minority Education: From Shame to Struggle. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 339-58.
    • (1988) Minority Education: From Shame to Struggle , pp. 339-58
    • Phillipson, R.1
  • 149
    • 0009390334 scopus 로고
    • Black Dialect Interference and Accommodation of Reading Instruction in First Grade
    • Monographs of the Language- Behavior Research Laboratory no. 4. Berkeley: University of California
    • Piestrup, A. M. 1973: Black Dialect Interference and Accommodation of Reading Instruction in First Grade. Monographs of the Language- Behavior Research Laboratory no. 4. Berkeley: University of California.
    • (1973)
    • Piestrup, A.M.1
  • 150
    • 33748340944 scopus 로고
    • Problems in applying foreign language teaching methods to the teaching of standard English as a second dialect
    • In J. S. De Stefano (ed.), Worthington, OH: Charles A. Jones
    • Politzer, R. L. 1973: Problems in applying foreign language teaching methods to the teaching of standard English as a second dialect. In J. S. De Stefano (ed.), Language, Society, and Education: A Profile of Black English. Worthington, OH: Charles A. Jones, 238-50.
    • (1973) Language, Society, and Education: A Profile of Black English , pp. 238-50
    • Politzer, R.L.1
  • 151
    • 11344261003 scopus 로고
    • A researcher's reflections on bridging dialect and second language learning: discussion of problems and solutions
    • In B. J. Merino, H. T. Trueba, and F. A. Samaniego (eds), London: Falmer Press
    • Politzer, R. L. 1993: A researcher's reflections on bridging dialect and second language learning: discussion of problems and solutions. In B. J. Merino, H. T. Trueba, and F. A. Samaniego (eds), Language Culture and Learning: Teaching Spanish to Native Speakers of Spanish. London: Falmer Press, 45-57.
    • (1993) Language Culture and Learning: Teaching Spanish to Native Speakers of Spanish , pp. 45-57
    • Politzer, R.L.1
  • 152
    • 69249143339 scopus 로고
    • Crossing: Language and Ethnicity among Adolescents
    • London: Longman
    • Rampton, B. 1995: Crossing: Language and Ethnicity among Adolescents. London: Longman.
    • (1995)
    • Rampton, B.1
  • 153
    • 0009047874 scopus 로고
    • Second language learners in a stratified multilingual setting
    • Rampton, M. B. H. 1991: Second language learners in a stratified multilingual setting. Applied Linguistics, 12, 229-48.
    • (1991) Applied Linguistics , vol.12 , pp. 229-48
    • Rampton, M.B.H.1
  • 154
    • 0040430712 scopus 로고
    • État de la Réforme de l'Enseignement aux Seychelles 1981-1985
    • Paris: Ministère des Relations Extérieures, Coopération et Développement
    • Ravel, J.-L. and Thomas, P. 1985: État de la Réforme de l'Enseignement aux Seychelles 1981-1985. Paris: Ministère des Relations Extérieures, Coopération et Développement.
    • (1985)
    • Ravel, J.-L.1    Thomas, P.2
  • 155
    • 84955399118 scopus 로고
    • What does it take to be bilingual or bidialectal?
    • In D. S. Harrison and T. Trabasso (eds), . Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
    • Reigel, K. F. and Freedle, R. 1976: What does it take to be bilingual or bidialectal? In D. S. Harrison and T. Trabasso (eds), Black English: A Seminar. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 25-44.
    • (1976) Black English: A Seminar , pp. 25-44
    • Reigel, K.F.1    Freedle, R.2
  • 156
    • 0012794655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African American Vernacular English: Features, Evolution, Educational Implications
    • Oxford: Blackwell
    • Rickford, J. R. 1999: African American Vernacular English: Features, Evolution, Educational Implications. Oxford: Blackwell.
    • (1999)
    • Rickford, J.R.1
  • 158
    • 0142125573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spoken Soul: The Story of Black English
    • New York: John Wiley
    • Rickford, J. R. and Rickford, R. J. 2000: Spoken Soul: The Story of Black English. New York: John Wiley.
    • (2000)
    • Rickford, J.R.1    Rickford, R.J.2
  • 159
    • 0039246210 scopus 로고
    • The influence of the mother tongue on the translation of lexical items
    • Ringbom, H. 1978: The influence of the mother tongue on the translation of lexical items. Interlanguage Studies Bulletin, 3, 80-101.
    • (1978) Interlanguage Studies Bulletin , vol.3 , pp. 80-101
    • Ringbom, H.1
  • 160
    • 84934561581 scopus 로고
    • The Role of the First Language in Foreign Language Learning
    • Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
    • Ringbom, H. 1987: The Role of the First Language in Foreign Language Learning. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
    • (1987)
    • Ringbom, H.1
  • 161
    • 84856217424 scopus 로고
    • Culturally responsive talk between a second grade teacher and Hawaiian children during writing workshop
    • Ph.D. dissertation. University of New Hampshire
    • Rynkofs, J. T. 1993: Culturally responsive talk between a second grade teacher and Hawaiian children during writing workshop. Ph.D. dissertation. University of New Hampshire.
    • (1993)
    • Rynkofs, J.T.1
  • 162
    • 84985829470 scopus 로고
    • Power and status differentials in minority and majority group relations
    • Sachdev, I. and Bourhis, R. Y. 1991: Power and status differentials in minority and majority group relations. European Journal of Social Psychology, 21, 1-24.
    • (1991) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.21 , pp. 1-24
    • Sachdev, I.1    Bourhis, R.Y.2
  • 163
    • 85064805322 scopus 로고
    • Linguistic inequality in Hawaii: the post-creole dilemma
    • In N. Wolfson and J. Manes (eds), Berlin: Mouton
    • Sato, C. J. 1985: Linguistic inequality in Hawaii: the post-creole dilemma. In N. Wolfson and J. Manes (eds), Language of Inequality. Berlin: Mouton, 257-72.
    • (1985) Language of Inequality , pp. 257-72
    • Sato, C.J.1
  • 164
    • 84981669951 scopus 로고
    • A nonstandard approach to Standard English
    • Sato, C. J. 1989: A nonstandard approach to Standard English. TESOL Quarterly, 23, 259-82.
    • (1989) TESOL Quarterly , vol.23 , pp. 259-82
    • Sato, C.J.1
  • 165
    • 33748363592 scopus 로고
    • Teaching standard English usage: a dialect-based approach
    • Scherloh, J. M. 1991: Teaching standard English usage: a dialect-based approach. Adult Learning, 2 (5), 20-2.
    • (1991) Adult Learning , vol.2 , Issue.5 , pp. 20-2
    • Scherloh, J.M.1
  • 166
    • 21644460840 scopus 로고
    • The role of consciousness in second language learning
    • Schmidt, R. 1990: The role of consciousness in second language learning. Applied Linguistics, 11, 129-58.
    • (1990) Applied Linguistics , vol.11 , pp. 129-58
    • Schmidt, R.1
  • 167
    • 84948851219 scopus 로고
    • Awareness and second language acquisition
    • Schmidt, R. 1993: Awareness and second language acquisition. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 13, 206-26.
    • (1993) Annual Review of Applied Linguistics , vol.13 , pp. 206-26
    • Schmidt, R.1
  • 168
    • 0002201012 scopus 로고
    • The acculturation model for second language acquisition
    • In R. Gingras (ed.), Arlington, VA: Center for Applied Linguistics
    • Schumann, J. H. 1978a: The acculturation model for second language acquisition. In R. Gingras (ed.), Second Language Acquisition and Foreign Language Teaching. Arlington, VA: Center for Applied Linguistics, 27-50.
    • (1978) Second Language Acquisition and Foreign Language Teaching , pp. 27-50
    • Schumann, J.H.1
  • 169
    • 0010188364 scopus 로고
    • Social and psychological factors in second language acquisition
    • In J. Richards (ed.), Rowley, MA: Newbury House
    • Schumann, J. H. 1978b: Social and psychological factors in second language acquisition. In J. Richards (ed.), Understanding Second and Foreign Language Learning. Rowley, MA: Newbury House, 163-78.
    • (1978) Understanding Second and Foreign Language Learning , pp. 163-78
    • Schumann, J.H.1
  • 172
    • 0010986122 scopus 로고
    • Asian student attitudes towards English
    • In L. E. Smith (ed.), London: Macmillan
    • Shaw, W. D. 1981: Asian student attitudes towards English. In L. E. Smith (ed.), English for Cross-Cultural Communication. London: Macmillan, 108-22.
    • (1981) English for Cross-Cultural Communication , pp. 108-22
    • Shaw, W.D.1
  • 173
    • 84955365138 scopus 로고
    • Bonnie and Clyde tactics in English teaching
    • 160-1
    • Shuy, R. W. 1969: Bonnie and Clyde tactics in English teaching. Florida FL Reporter, 9 (1), 81-3, 160-1.
    • (1969) Florida FL Reporter , vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-3
    • Shuy, R.W.1
  • 174
    • 33748369970 scopus 로고
    • Social dialects: teaching vs learning
    • 55
    • Shuy, R. W. 1971: Social dialects: teaching vs learning. Florida FL Reporter, 9 (1 and 2), 28-33, 55.
    • (1971) Florida FL Reporter , vol.9 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 28-33
    • Shuy, R.W.1
  • 175
    • 0003873443 scopus 로고
    • Social Dialects and Language Learning
    • (eds) Champaign, IL: National Council of Teachers of English
    • Shuy, R. W., Davis, A. L., and Hogan, R. F. (eds) 1964: Social Dialects and Language Learning. Champaign, IL: National Council of Teachers of English.
    • (1964)
    • Shuy, R.W.1    Davis, A.L.2    Hogan, R.F.3
  • 176
    • 0040517475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of learner subjectivity in second language sociolinguistic competency: Western women learning Japanese
    • Siegal, M. 1996: The role of learner subjectivity in second language sociolinguistic competency: Western women learning Japanese. Applied Linguistics, 17, 356-82.
    • (1996) Applied Linguistics , vol.17 , pp. 356-82
    • Siegal, M.1
  • 177
    • 33745956526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vernacular Education in the South Pacific
    • International Development Issues no. 45. Canberra: Australian Agency for International Development
    • Siegel, J. 1996: Vernacular Education in the South Pacific. International Development Issues no. 45. Canberra: Australian Agency for International Development.
    • (1996)
    • Siegel, J.1
  • 178
    • 0040571155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using a pidgin language in formal education: help or hindrance?
    • Siegel, J. 1997: Using a pidgin language in formal education: help or hindrance? Applied Linguistics, 18, 86-100.
    • (1997) Applied Linguistics , vol.18 , pp. 86-100
    • Siegel, J.1
  • 180
    • 19944411966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stigmatized and standardized varieties in the classroom: interference or separation?
    • Siegel, J. 1999b: Stigmatized and standardized varieties in the classroom: interference or separation? TESOL Quarterly, 33 (4), 701-28.
    • (1999) TESOL Quarterly , vol.33 , Issue.4 , pp. 701-28
    • Siegel, J.1
  • 181
    • 33748346962 scopus 로고
    • Cross-cultural approach to curriculum development
    • In G. Smitherman (ed.), Detroit: Center for Black Studies, Wayne State University
    • Simpkins, G. A. and Simpkins, C. 1981: Cross-cultural approach to curriculum development. In G. Smitherman (ed.), Black English and the Education of Black Children and Youth. Detroit: Center for Black Studies, Wayne State University, 221-40.
    • (1981) Black English and the Education of Black Children and Youth , pp. 221-40
    • Simpkins, G.A.1    Simpkins, C.2
  • 182
    • 0010658965 scopus 로고
    • Bridge: A Cross-Cultural Reading Program
    • Boston: Houghton Mifflin
    • Simpkins, G. A., Holt, G., and Simpkins, C. 1977: Bridge: A Cross-Cultural Reading Program. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
    • (1977)
    • Simpkins, G.A.1    Holt, G.2    Simpkins, C.3
  • 183
    • 0003993342 scopus 로고
    • Bilingualism or Not: The Education of Minorities
    • Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
    • Skutnabb-Kangas, T. 1984: Bilingualism or Not: The Education of Minorities. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
    • (1984)
    • Skutnabb-Kangas, T.1
  • 184
    • 0003068156 scopus 로고
    • Multilingualism and the education of minority children
    • In T. Skutnabb- Kangas and J. Cummins (eds), Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
    • Skutnabb-Kangas, T. 1988: Multilingualism and the education of minority children. In T. Skutnabb- Kangas and J. Cummins (eds), Minority Education: From Shame to Struggle. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 9-44.
    • (1988) Minority Education: From Shame to Struggle , pp. 9-44
    • Skutnabb-Kangas, T.1
  • 185
    • 0010745035 scopus 로고
    • Bi-dialectalism: the linguistics of white supremacy
    • Sledd, J. 1969: Bi-dialectalism: the linguistics of white supremacy. English Journal, 58, 1307-29.
    • (1969) English Journal , vol.58 , pp. 1307-29
    • Sledd, J.1
  • 186
    • 33645684870 scopus 로고
    • Doublespeak: dialectology in the service of Big Brother
    • Sledd, J. 1972: Doublespeak: dialectology in the service of Big Brother. College English, 33, 439-56.
    • (1972) College English , vol.33 , pp. 439-56
    • Sledd, J.1
  • 187
    • 0003136749 scopus 로고
    • Rationales for native language instruction: evidence from research
    • In A. M. Padilla, H. H. Fairchild, and C. M. Valdez (eds), Newbury Park: Sage
    • Snow, C. E. 1990: Rationales for native language instruction: evidence from research. In A. M. Padilla, H. H. Fairchild, and C. M. Valdez (eds), Bilingual Education: Issues and Strategies. Newbury Park: Sage, 60-74.
    • (1990) Bilingual Education: Issues and Strategies , pp. 60-74
    • Snow, C.E.1
  • 188
    • 0034196271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language motivation revisted
    • Spolsky, B. 2000: Language motivation revisted. Applied Linguistics, 21 (2), 157-69.
    • (2000) Applied Linguistics , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 157-69
    • Spolsky, B.1
  • 189
    • 84979371405 scopus 로고
    • Bridging the paradigm gap: second language acquisition theory and indigenized varieties of English
    • Sridhar, K. K. and Sridhar, S. N. 1986: Bridging the paradigm gap: second language acquisition theory and indigenized varieties of English. World Englishes, 5 (1), 3-14.
    • (1986) World Englishes , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-14
    • Sridhar, K.K.1    Sridhar, S.N.2
  • 190
    • 33748373267 scopus 로고
    • Divergence and convergence of dialects and standard from the perspective of the language learner
    • In P. Auer and A. di Luzio (eds), Berlin: Walter de Gruyer
    • Stern, O. 1988: Divergence and convergence of dialects and standard from the perspective of the language learner. In P. Auer and A. di Luzio (eds), Variation and Convergence: Studies in Social Dialectology. Berlin: Walter de Gruyer, 134-56.
    • (1988) Variation and Convergence: Studies in Social Dialectology , pp. 134-56
    • Stern, O.1
  • 191
    • 0010707912 scopus 로고
    • Non-Standard Speech and the Teaching of English
    • (ed.) Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics
    • Stewart, W. A. (ed.) 1964a: Non-Standard Speech and the Teaching of English. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics.
    • (1964)
    • Stewart, W.A.1
  • 192
    • 2342626222 scopus 로고
    • Urban Negro speech: sociolinguistic factors affecting English teaching
    • In R. W. Shuy, A. L. Davis, and R. F. Hogan (eds), Champaign, IL: National Council of Teachers of English
    • Stewart, W. A. 1964b: Urban Negro speech: sociolinguistic factors affecting English teaching. In R. W. Shuy, A. L. Davis, and R. F. Hogan (eds), Social Dialects and Language Learning. Champaign, IL: National Council of Teachers of English, 10-18.
    • (1964) Social Dialects and Language Learning , pp. 10-18
    • Stewart, W.A.1
  • 193
    • 33645666586 scopus 로고
    • Foreign language teaching methods in quasi-foreign language situations
    • In R. W. Fasold and R. W. Shuy (eds), Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics
    • Stewart, W. A. 1970: Foreign language teaching methods in quasi-foreign language situations. In R. W. Fasold and R. W. Shuy (eds), Teaching Standard English in the Inner City. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics, 1-19.
    • (1970) Teaching Standard English in the Inner City , pp. 1-19
    • Stewart, W.A.1
  • 194
    • 0001780769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focus on form through conscious reflection
    • In C. Doughty and J. Williams (eds), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Swain, M. 1998: Focus on form through conscious reflection. In C. Doughty and J. Williams (eds), Focus on Form in Classroom Second Language Acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 64-81.
    • (1998) Focus on Form in Classroom Second Language Acquisition , pp. 64-81
    • Swain, M.1
  • 195
    • 0003724937 scopus 로고
    • Evaluating Bilingual Education: A Canadian Example
    • Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
    • Swain, M. and Lapkin, S. 1982: Evaluating Bilingual Education: A Canadian Example. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
    • (1982)
    • Swain, M.1    Lapkin, S.2
  • 196
    • 84965539758 scopus 로고
    • Social identity and intergroup behavior
    • Tajfel, H. 1974: Social identity and intergroup behavior. Social Science Information, 13, 65-93.
    • (1974) Social Science Information , vol.13 , pp. 65-93
    • Tajfel, H.1
  • 197
    • 0003624008 scopus 로고
    • Differentiation between Social Groups: Studies in the Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations
    • (ed.) London: Academic Press
    • Tajfel, H. (ed.) 1978: Differentiation between Social Groups: Studies in the Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations. London: Academic Press.
    • (1978)
    • Tajfel, H.1
  • 198
    • 84919247628 scopus 로고
    • Standard English, Black English, and Bidialectalism: A Controversy
    • New York: Peter Lang
    • Taylor, H. 1989: Standard English, Black English, and Bidialectalism: A Controversy. New York: Peter Lang.
    • (1989)
    • Taylor, H.1
  • 199
    • 0003960485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School Effectiveness for Language Minority Students
    • Washington, DC: National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education
    • Thomas, W. P. and Collier, V. 1997: School Effectiveness for Language Minority Students. Washington, DC: National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education.
    • (1997)
    • Thomas, W.P.1    Collier, V.2
  • 200
    • 0003689307 scopus 로고
    • Planning Language, Planning Inequality: Language Policy in the Community
    • London: Longman
    • Tollefson, J. W. 1991: Planning Language, Planning Inequality: Language Policy in the Community. London: Longman.
    • (1991)
    • Tollefson, J.W.1
  • 201
    • 84864340977 scopus 로고
    • The Language of Black Children in the Early Grades
    • New London: Connecticut College
    • Torrey, J. 1972: The Language of Black Children in the Early Grades. New London: Connecticut College.
    • (1972)
    • Torrey, J.1
  • 202
    • 84974355945 scopus 로고
    • The social identity of Welsh learners
    • Trosset, C. S. 1986: The social identity of Welsh learners. Language in Society, 15, 165-92.
    • (1986) Language in Society , vol.15 , pp. 165-92
    • Trosset, C.S.1
  • 203
    • 77958534399 scopus 로고
    • Linguistic accommodation: sociolinguistic observations on a sociopsychological theory
    • In C. Masek, R. Hendrick, and M. Miller (eds), Chicago: University of Chicago Press
    • Trudgill, P. 1982: Linguistic accommodation: sociolinguistic observations on a sociopsychological theory. In C. Masek, R. Hendrick, and M. Miller (eds), Papers from the Parasession on Language and Behavior: Chicago Linguistic Society (1981). Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 218-37.
    • (1982) Papers from the Parasession on Language and Behavior: Chicago Linguistic Society (1981) , pp. 218-37
    • Trudgill, P.1
  • 204
    • 0040448978 scopus 로고
    • On Dialect
    • New York: New York University Press
    • Trudgill, P. 1983: On Dialect. New York: New York University Press.
    • (1983)
    • Trudgill, P.1
  • 205
    • 0007265009 scopus 로고
    • Dialects in Contact
    • Oxford: Blackwell
    • Trudgill, P. 1986: Dialects in Contact. Oxford: Blackwell.
    • (1986)
    • Trudgill, P.1
  • 206
    • 33748118855 scopus 로고
    • Pedagogical implications of teaching Spanish to the Spanish-speaking in the United States
    • In G. Valdés, A. G. Loranzo, and R. García-Moya (eds), New York: Teachers College Press
    • Valdés, G. 1981: Pedagogical implications of teaching Spanish to the Spanish-speaking in the United States. In G. Valdés, A. G. Loranzo, and R. García-Moya (eds), Teaching Spanish to the Hispanic Bilingual: Issues, Aims and Methods. New York: Teachers College Press, 3-20.
    • (1981) Teaching Spanish to the Hispanic Bilingual: Issues, Aims and Methods , pp. 3-20
    • Valdés, G.1
  • 207
    • 24544443137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The teaching of Spanish to bilingual Spanish-speaking students
    • In M. Cecilia and F. Alarcon (eds), Boston: Houghton Mifflin
    • Valdés, G. 1997: The teaching of Spanish to bilingual Spanish-speaking students. In M. Cecilia and F. Alarcon (eds), La Ensenanza del Español a Hispanohablantes. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 8-44.
    • (1997) La Ensenanza del Español a Hispanohablantes , pp. 8-44
    • Valdés, G.1
  • 208
    • 84885491536 scopus 로고
    • A comprehensive approach to the teaching of Spanish to bilingual Spanish-speaking students
    • Valdés-Fallis, G. 1978: A comprehensive approach to the teaching of Spanish to bilingual Spanish-speaking students. Modern Language Journal, 43 (3), 101-10.
    • (1978) Modern Language Journal , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 101-10
    • Valdés-Fallis, G.1
  • 209
    • 33748351902 scopus 로고
    • Is learning to read dialect bound?
    • In J. L. Laffey and R. Shuy (eds), Newark, DE: International Reading Association
    • Venezky, R. L. and Chapman, R. S. 1973: Is learning to read dialect bound? In J. L. Laffey and R. Shuy (eds), Language Differences: Do They Interfere? Newark, DE: International Reading Association, 62-9.
    • (1973) Language Differences: Do They Interfere? , pp. 62-9
    • Venezky, R.L.1    Chapman, R.S.2
  • 210
    • 79954042666 scopus 로고
    • Acquiring a dialect as L2: the case of the dialect of Venray in the Dutch province of Limburg
    • Paper presented at the International Congress of Dialectologists, Bamberg, Germany (published in W. Viereck (ed.) 1995, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner,)
    • Vousten, R. and Bongaerts, T. 1990: Acquiring a dialect as L2: the case of the dialect of Venray in the Dutch province of Limburg. Paper presented at the International Congress of Dialectologists, Bamberg, Germany (published in W. Viereck (ed.) 1995, Verbandlugen des Internationalen Dialektologenkongresses Bamberg 1990. Band 4. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 299-313).
    • (1990) Verbandlugen des Internationalen Dialektologenkongresses Bamberg 1990. Band 4 , pp. 299-313
    • Vousten, R.1    Bongaerts, T.2
  • 211
    • 33646765834 scopus 로고
    • Jamaican Pronunciation in London
    • Publications of the Philological Society, 25. Oxford: Blackwell
    • Wells, J. C. 1973: Jamaican Pronunciation in London. Publications of the Philological Society, 25. Oxford: Blackwell.
    • (1973)
    • Wells, J.C.1
  • 212
    • 0002068517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Literacy and Language Diversity in the United States
    • Washington, DC, and McHenry, IL: Center for Applied Linguistics and Delta Systems
    • Wiley, T. G. 1996: Literacy and Language Diversity in the United States. Washington, DC, and McHenry, IL: Center for Applied Linguistics and Delta Systems.
    • (1996)
    • Wiley, T.G.1
  • 213
    • 84969482397 scopus 로고
    • Non-native varieties of English: a special case of language acquisition
    • Williams, J. 1987: Non-native varieties of English: a special case of language acquisition. English World-Wide, 8 (2), 161-99.
    • (1987) English World-Wide , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 161-99
    • Williams, J.1
  • 214
    • 84925147298 scopus 로고
    • Trini Talk: learning an English-Creole as a second language
    • In I. F. Hancock (ed.), Ann Arbor: Karoma
    • Winer, L. 1985: Trini Talk: learning an English-Creole as a second language. In I. F. Hancock (ed.), Diversity and Development in English-Related Creoles. Ann Arbor: Karoma, 44-67.
    • (1985) Diversity and Development in English-Related Creoles , pp. 44-67
    • Winer, L.1
  • 215
    • 33748087769 scopus 로고
    • Developmental sequences in L2 acquisition
    • Wode, H. 1976: Developmental sequences in L2 acquisition. Working Papers on Bilingualism, 11, 1-31.
    • (1976) Working Papers on Bilingualism , vol.11 , pp. 1-31
    • Wode, H.1
  • 216
    • 33748341576 scopus 로고
    • Bidialectal literacy in the United States
    • In D. Spener (ed.), Washington, DC, and McHenry, IL: Center for Applied Linguistics and Delta Systems
    • Wolfram, W. 1994: Bidialectal literacy in the United States. In D. Spener (ed.), Adult Biliteracy in the United States. Washington, DC, and McHenry, IL: Center for Applied Linguistics and Delta Systems, 71-88.
    • (1994) Adult Biliteracy in the United States , pp. 71-88
    • Wolfram, W.1
  • 217
    • 84909331894 scopus 로고
    • Toward reading materials for speakers of Black English: three linguistically appropriate passages
    • In J. C. Baratz and R. W. Shuy (eds), Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics
    • Wolfram, W. and Fasold, R. W. 1969: Toward reading materials for speakers of Black English: three linguistically appropriate passages. In J. C. Baratz and R. W. Shuy (eds), Teaching Black Children to Read. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics, 138-55.
    • (1969) Teaching Black Children to Read , pp. 138-55
    • Wolfram, W.1    Fasold, R.W.2
  • 218
    • 75149184109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American English: Dialects and Variation
    • Malden, MA: Blackwell
    • Wolfram, W. and Schilling-Estes, N. 1998: American English: Dialects and Variation. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
    • (1998)
    • Wolfram, W.1    Schilling-Estes, N.2
  • 219
    • 0039582174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dialects in Schools and Communities
    • Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
    • Wolfram, W., Christian, D., and Adger, C. 1999: Dialects in Schools and Communities. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
    • (1999)
    • Wolfram, W.1    Christian, D.2    Adger, C.3
  • 220
    • 84904009743 scopus 로고
    • Double Talk: Bilingualism and the Politics of Ethnicity in Catalonia
    • Stanford: Stanford University Press
    • Woolard, K. 1989: Double Talk: Bilingualism and the Politics of Ethnicity in Catalonia. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
    • (1989)
    • Woolard, K.1
  • 221
    • 84955409574 scopus 로고
    • The Use of First and Second Languages in Education: A Review of International Experience
    • Pacific Islands Education Study, Basic Studies no. 2. Washington, DC: World Bank
    • World Bank 1995: The Use of First and Second Languages in Education: A Review of International Experience. Draft for Discussion, February 1995. Pacific Islands Education Study, Basic Studies no. 2. Washington, DC: World Bank.
    • (1995) Draft for Discussion, February 1995
  • 223
    • 46949087600 scopus 로고
    • Interference reconsidered: the role of similarity in second language acquisition
    • Young-Scholten, M. 1985: Interference reconsidered: the role of similarity in second language acquisition. Selecta, 6, 6-12.
    • (1985) Selecta , vol.6 , pp. 6-12
    • Young-Scholten, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.