메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 67, Issue , 2016, Pages 567-585

Causal inference in Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) research

Author keywords

Causal inference; Cross contextual comparison; DOHaD; Instrumental variable; Negative control; Twin study

Indexed keywords

CAUSALITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HEALTH STATUS; HUMAN; METHODOLOGY; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; PROSPECTIVE STUDY;

EID: 84953791273     PISSN: 00664308     EISSN: 15452085     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-psych-122414-033352     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (143)

References (81)
  • 3
    • 0029050563 scopus 로고
    • Fetal origins of coronary heart disease
    • Barker DJ. (1995). Fetal origins of coronary heart disease. BMJ 311: 171-74
    • (1995) BMJ , vol.311 , pp. 171-174
    • Barker, D.J.1
  • 4
    • 0031263666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrauterine programming of coronary heart disease and stroke
    • Barker DJ. (1997). Intrauterine programming of coronary heart disease and stroke. Acta Paediatr. 423: 178-83
    • (1997) Acta Paediatr , vol.423 , pp. 178-183
    • Barker, D.J.1
  • 6
    • 0022621648 scopus 로고
    • Infant mortality, childhood nutrition, and ischaemic heart disease in England and Wales
    • Barker DJ, Osmond C. (1986). Infant mortality, childhood nutrition, and ischaemic heart disease in England andWales. Lancet 1: 1077-81
    • (1986) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1077-1081
    • Barker, D.J.1    Osmond, C.2
  • 7
    • 84936755918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mendelian randomization with invalid instruments: Effect estimation and bias detection through Egger regression
    • Bowden J, Davey Smith G, Burgess S. (2015). Mendelian randomization with invalid instruments: effect estimation and bias detection through Egger regression. Int. J. Epidemiol. 44: 512-25
    • (2015) Int. J. Epidemiol , vol.44 , pp. 512-525
    • Bowden, J.1    Davey Smith, G.2    Burgess, S.3
  • 8
    • 79961179437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What are the causal effects of breastfeeding on IQ, obesity and blood pressure? Evidence from comparing high-income with middleincome cohorts
    • Brion MJ, Lawlor DA, Matijasevich A, Horta B, Anselmi L, et al (2011). What are the causal effects of breastfeeding on IQ, obesity and blood pressure? Evidence from comparing high-income with middleincome cohorts. Int. J. Epidemiol. 40: 670-80
    • (2011) Int. J. Epidemiol , vol.40 , pp. 670-680
    • Brion, M.J.1    Lawlor, D.A.2    Matijasevich, A.3    Horta, B.4    Anselmi, L.5
  • 9
    • 34249298350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Similar associations of parental prenatal smoking suggest child blood pressure is not influenced by intrauterine effects
    • Brion MJ, Leary SD, Smith GD, Ness AR. (2007). Similar associations of parental prenatal smoking suggest child blood pressure is not influenced by intrauterine effects. Hypertension 49: 1422-28
    • (2007) Hypertension , vol.49 , pp. 1422-1428
    • Brion, M.J.1    Leary, S.D.2    Smith, G.D.3    Ness, A.R.4
  • 10
    • 77749279564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal macronutrient and energy intakes in pregnancy and offspring intake at 10 y: Exploring parental comparisons and prenatal effects
    • Brion MJ, Ness AR, Rogers I, Emmett P, Cribb V, et al 2010a.Maternal macronutrient and energy intakes in pregnancy and offspring intake at 10 y: exploring parental comparisons and prenatal effects. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 91: 748-56
    • (2010) Am. J. Clin. Nutr , vol.91 , pp. 748-756
    • Brion, M.J.1    Ness, A.R.2    Rogers, I.3    Emmett, P.4    Cribb, V.5
  • 11
    • 77954363540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal smoking and child psychological problems: Disentangling causal and noncausal effects
    • Brion MJ, Victora C, Matijasevich A, Horta B, Anselmi L, et al (2010b). Maternal smoking and child psychological problems: disentangling causal and noncausal effects. Pediatrics 126: e57-65
    • (2010) Pediatrics , vol.126 , pp. e57-65
    • Brion, M.J.1    Victora, C.2    Matijasevich, A.3    Horta, B.4    Anselmi, L.5
  • 12
    • 0031030218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in prevalence of congenital neural defects after periconceptional famine exposure
    • Brown AS, Susser ES. (1997). Sex differences in prevalence of congenital neural defects after periconceptional famine exposure. Epidemiology 8: 55-58
    • (1997) Epidemiology , vol.8 , pp. 55-58
    • Brown, A.S.1    Susser, E.S.2
  • 13
    • 45549083182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal nutritional deficiency and risk of adult schizophrenia
    • Brown AS, Susser ES. (2008). Prenatal nutritional deficiency and risk of adult schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 34: 1054-63
    • (2008) Schizophr. Bull , vol.34 , pp. 1054-1063
    • Brown, A.S.1    Susser, E.S.2
  • 15
    • 84910002452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal growth and psychiatric and socioeconomic problems: Population-based sibling comparison
    • Class QA, Rickert ME, Larsson H, Lichtenstein P, D Onofrio BM. (2014). Fetal growth and psychiatric and socioeconomic problems: population-based sibling comparison. Br. J. Psychiatry 205: 355-61
    • (2014) Br. J. Psychiatry , vol.205 , pp. 355-361
    • Class, Q.A.1    Rickert, M.E.2    Larsson, H.3    Lichtenstein, P.4    D'Onofrio, B.M.5
  • 17
    • 84906260648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis for psychopathology using family-based quasi-experimental designs
    • D Onofrio BM, Class QA, Lahey BB, Larsson H. (2014). Testing the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis for psychopathology using family-based quasi-experimental designs. ChildDev. Perspect. 8: 151-57
    • (2014) ChildDev. Perspect , vol.8 , pp. 151-157
    • D'Onofrio, B.M.1    Class, Q.A.2    Lahey, B.B.3    Larsson, H.4
  • 18
    • 38449100724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing intrauterine influences on offspring health outcomes: Can epidemiological studies yield robust findings?
    • Davey Smith G. (2008). Assessing intrauterine influences on offspring health outcomes: Can epidemiological studies yield robust findings? Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 102: 245-56
    • (2008) Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol , vol.102 , pp. 245-256
    • Davey Smith, G.1
  • 19
    • 78149383523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mendelian randomization for strengthening causal inference in observational studies: Application to gene™environment interactions
    • Davey Smith G. (2010). Mendelian randomization for strengthening causal inference in observational studies: application to gene™environment interactions. Perspect. Psychol. Sci. 5: 527-45
    • (2010) Perspect. Psychol. Sci , vol.5 , pp. 527-545
    • Davey Smith, G.1
  • 20
    • 79961180449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology, epigenetics and the gloomy prospect embracing randomness in population health research and practice
    • Davey Smith G. (2011). Epidemiology, epigenetics and the "gloomy prospect": embracing randomness in population health research and practice. Int. J. Epidemiol. 40: 537-62
    • (2011) Int. J. Epidemiol , vol.40 , pp. 537-562
    • Davey Smith, G.1
  • 21
    • 84858641676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenesis for epidemiologists: Does evo-devo have implications for population health research and practice?
    • Davey Smith G. (2012a). Epigenesis for epidemiologists: Does evo-devo have implications for population health research and practice? Int. J. Epidemiol. 41: 236-47
    • (2012) Int. J. Epidemiol , vol.41 , pp. 236-247
    • Davey Smith, G.1
  • 22
    • 84863130877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Negative control exposures in epidemiologic studies
    • author reply 351-52
    • Davey Smith G. (2012b). Negative control exposures in epidemiologic studies. Epidemiology 23: 350-51; author reply 351-52
    • (2012) Epidemiology , vol.23 , pp. 350-351
    • Davey Smith, G.1
  • 23
    • 0035098609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology-is it time to call it a day?
    • Davey Smith G, Ebrahim S. (2001). Epidemiology-is it time to call it a day? Int. J. Epidemiol. 30: 1-11
    • (2001) Int. J. Epidemiol , vol.30 , pp. 1-11
    • Davey Smith, G.1    Ebrahim, S.2
  • 24
    • 0037153701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Data dredging, bias, or confounding
    • Davey Smith G, Ebrahim S. (2002). Data dredging, bias, or confounding. BMJ 325: 1437-38
    • (2002) BMJ , vol.325 , pp. 1437-1438
    • Davey Smith, G.1    Ebrahim, S.2
  • 25
    • 0037322022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mendelian randomization can genetic epidemiology contribute to understanding environmental determinants of disease?
    • Davey Smith G, Ebrahim S. (2003). "Mendelian randomization": Can genetic epidemiology contribute to understanding environmental determinants of disease? Int. J. Epidemiol. 32: 1-22
    • (2003) Int. J. Epidemiol , vol.32 , pp. 1-22
    • Davey Smith, G.1    Ebrahim, S.2
  • 26
    • 84906838227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mendelian randomization: Genetic anchors for causal inference in epidemiological studies
    • Davey Smith G, Hemani G. (2014). Mendelian randomization: genetic anchors for causal inference in epidemiological studies. Hum. Mol. Genet. 23: R89-98
    • (2014) Hum. Mol. Genet , vol.23 , pp. R89-98
    • Davey Smith, G.1    Hemani, G.2
  • 27
    • 0026739615 scopus 로고
    • Confounding in epidemiological studies: Why independent effects may not be all they seem
    • Davey Smith G, Phillips AN1992. Confounding in epidemiological studies: why "independent" effects may not be all they seem. BMJ 305: 757-59
    • (1992) BMJ , vol.305 , pp. 757-759
    • Davey Smith, G.1    Phillips, A.N.2
  • 28
    • 0026800872 scopus 로고
    • Smoking as independent risk factor for suicide: Illustration of an artifact from observational epidemiology?
    • Davey Smith G, Phillips AN, Neaton JD. (1992). Smoking as "independent" risk factor for suicide: illustration of an artifact from observational epidemiology? Lancet 340: 709-12
    • (1992) Lancet , vol.340 , pp. 709-712
    • Davey Smith, G.1    Phillips, A.N.2    Neaton, J.D.3
  • 29
    • 84923298138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proportion of patients in south London with first-episode psychosis attributable to use of high potency cannabis: A case-control study
    • Di Forti M, Marconi A, Carra E, Fraietta S, Trotta A, et al (2015). Proportion of patients in south London with first-episode psychosis attributable to use of high potency cannabis: a case-control study. Lancet Psychiatry 2: 233-38
    • (2015) Lancet Psychiatry , vol.2 , pp. 233-238
    • Di Forti, M.1    Marconi, A.2    Carra, E.3    Fraietta, S.4    Trotta, A.5
  • 30
    • 0011839974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The returns to computer use revisited: Have pencils changed the wage structure too?
    • Di Nardo JE, Pischke JS. (1997). The returns to computer use revisited: Have pencils changed the wage structure too? Q. J. Econ. 112: 291-303
    • (1997) Q. J. Econ , vol.112 , pp. 291-303
    • Di Nardo, J.E.1    Pischke, J.S.2
  • 31
    • 84884803060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should we always deliberately be non-representative?
    • Ebrahim S, Davey Smith G. (2013). Should we always deliberately be non-representative? Int. J. Epidemiol. 42: 1022-26
    • (2013) Int. J. Epidemiol , vol.42 , pp. 1022-1026
    • Ebrahim, S.1    Davey Smith, G.2
  • 32
    • 0026034835 scopus 로고
    • Acetaldehyde metabolism in different aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 genotypes
    • Enomoto N, Takase S, Yasuhara M, Takada A. (1991). Acetaldehyde metabolism in different aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 genotypes. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 15: 141-44
    • (1991) Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res , vol.15 , pp. 141-144
    • Enomoto, N.1    Takase, S.2    Yasuhara, M.3    Takada, A.4
  • 33
    • 84928109526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal weight in pregnancy and offspring body composition in late adulthood: Findings from the helsinki birth cohort study (hbcs
    • Eriksson JG, Sandboge S, Salonen M, Kajantie E, Osmond C. (2015). Maternal weight in pregnancy and offspring body composition in late adulthood: findings from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study (HBCS). Ann. Med. 47: 94-99
    • (2015) Ann. Med , vol.47 , pp. 94-99
    • Eriksson, J.G.1    Sandboge, S.2    Salonen, M.3    Kajantie, E.4    Osmond, C.5
  • 35
    • 0028899570 scopus 로고
    • Fetal and infant growth and cardiovascular risk factors in women
    • Fall CH, Osmond C, Barker DJ, Clark PM, Hales CN, et al (1995). Fetal and infant growth and cardiovascular risk factors in women. BMJ 310: 428-32
    • (1995) BMJ , vol.310 , pp. 428-432
    • Fall, C.H.1    Osmond, C.2    Barker, D.J.3    Clark, P.M.4    Hales, C.N.5
  • 36
    • 34548356858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of residual and unmeasured confounding in epidemiologic studies: A simulation study
    • Fewell Z, Davey Smith G, Sterne JA. (2007). The impact of residual and unmeasured confounding in epidemiologic studies: a simulation study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 166: 646-55
    • (2007) Am. J. Epidemiol , vol.166 , pp. 646-655
    • Fewell, Z.1    Davey Smith, G.2    Sterne, J.A.3
  • 37
    • 67650770278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A common genetic variant in the 15q24 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene cluster (chrna5-chrna3-chrnb4) is associated with a reduced ability of women to quit smoking in pregnancy
    • Freathy RM, Ring SM, Shields B, Galobardes B, Knight B, et al (2009). A common genetic variant in the 15q24 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene cluster (CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4) is associated with a reduced ability of women to quit smoking in pregnancy. Hum. Mol. Genet. 18: 2922-27
    • (2009) Hum. Mol. Genet , vol.18 , pp. 2922-2927
    • Freathy, R.M.1    Ring, S.M.2    Shields, B.3    Galobardes, B.4    Knight, B.5
  • 39
    • 84883503106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring conduct problems: Evidence from 3 independent genetically sensitive research designs
    • Gaysina D, Fergusson DM, Leve LD, Horwood J, Reiss D, et al (2013). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring conduct problems: evidence from 3 independent genetically sensitive research designs. JAMA Psychiatry 70: 956-63
    • (2013) JAMA Psychiatry , vol.70 , pp. 956-963
    • Gaysina, D.1    Fergusson, D.M.2    Leve, L.D.3    Horwood, J.4    Reiss, D.5
  • 40
    • 0026772772 scopus 로고
    • Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: The thrifty phenotype hypothesis
    • Hales CN, Barker DJ. (1992). Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: the thrifty phenotype hypothesis. Diabetologia 35: 595-601
    • (1992) Diabetologia , vol.35 , pp. 595-601
    • Hales, C.N.1    Barker, D.J.2
  • 42
    • 84856002960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Light drinking during pregnancy: Still no increased risk for socioemotional difficulties or cognitive deficits at 5 years of age?
    • Kelly YJ, Sacker A, Gray R, Kelly J, Wolke D, et al (2012). Light drinking during pregnancy: still no increased risk for socioemotional difficulties or cognitive deficits at 5 years of age? J. Epidemiol. Community Health 66: 41-48
    • (2012) J. Epidemiol. Community Health , vol.66 , pp. 41-48
    • Kelly, Y.J.1    Sacker, A.2    Gray, R.3    Kelly, J.4    Wolke, D.5
  • 43
    • 70349573295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of serum cotinine level with a cluster of three nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes (chrna3/chrna5/chrnb4) on chromosome 15
    • Keskitalo K, Broms U, Heliovaara M, Ripatti S, Surakka I, et al (2009). Association of serum cotinine level with a cluster of three nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes (CHRNA3/CHRNA5/CHRNB4) on chromosome 15. Hum. Mol. Genet. 18: 4007-12
    • (2009) Hum. Mol. Genet , vol.18 , pp. 4007-4012
    • Keskitalo, K.1    Broms, U.2    Heliovaara, M.3    Ripatti, S.4    Surakka, I.5
  • 45
    • 36849076132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding on child height, weight, adiposity, and blood pressure at age 6.5 y: Evidence from a large randomized trial
    • Kramer MS, Matush L, Vanilovich I, Platt RW, Bogdanovich N, et al (2007). Effects of prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding on child height, weight, adiposity, and blood pressure at age 6.5 y: evidence from a large randomized trial. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 86: 1717-21
    • (2007) Am. J. Clin. Nutr , vol.86 , pp. 1717-1721
    • Kramer, M.S.1    Matush, L.2    Vanilovich, I.3    Platt, R.W.4    Bogdanovich, N.5
  • 46
    • 84922994401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The life course and adult chronic disease: An historical perspectivewith particular reference to coronary heart disease
    • ed. D Kuh, Y Ben-Shlomo Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press. 2nd ed
    • Kuh D, Davey Smith G. (2004). The life course and adult chronic disease: an historical perspectivewith particular reference to coronary heart disease. In A Life Course Approach to Chronic Disease Epidemiology, ed. D Kuh, Y Ben-Shlomo, pp. 15-37. Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press. 2nd ed
    • (2004) A Life Course Approach to Chronic Disease Epidemiology , pp. 15-37
    • Kuh, D.1    Davey Smith, G.2
  • 47
    • 9644254419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic position and hormone replacement therapy use: Explaining the discrepancy in evidence from observational and randomized controlled trials
    • Lawlor DA, Davey Smith G, Ebrahim S. (2004). Socioeconomic position and hormone replacement therapy use: explaining the discrepancy in evidence from observational and randomized controlled trials. Am. J. Public Health 94: 2149-54
    • (2004) Am. J. Public Health , vol.94 , pp. 2149-2154
    • Lawlor, D.A.1    Davey Smith, G.2    Ebrahim, S.3
  • 48
    • 41549098247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the developmental overnutrition hypothesis using parental-offspring associations and FTO as an instrumental variable
    • Lawlor DA, Timpson NJ, Harbord RM, Leary S, Ness A, et al (2008). Exploring the developmental overnutrition hypothesis using parental-offspring associations and FTO as an instrumental variable. PLOSMed. 5: e33
    • (2008) Plos Med , vol.5 , pp. e33
    • Lawlor, D.A.1    Timpson, N.J.2    Harbord, R.M.3    Leary, S.4    Ness, A.5
  • 49
    • 84880904796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observational research on alcohol use and chronic disease outcome: New approaches to counter biases
    • Liang W, Chikritzhs T. (2013). Observational research on alcohol use and chronic disease outcome: new approaches to counter biases. Sci. World J. 2013: 860915
    • (2013) Sci. World J , vol.2013 , pp. 860915
    • Liang, W.1    Chikritzhs, T.2
  • 50
    • 77950933862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Negative controls: A tool for detecting confounding and bias in observational studies
    • Lipsitch M, Tchetgen Tchetgen E, Cohen T. (2010). Negative controls: a tool for detecting confounding and bias in observational studies. Epidemiology 21: 383-88
    • (2010) Epidemiology , vol.21 , pp. 383-388
    • Lipsitch, M.1    Tchetgen Tchetgen, E.2    Cohen, T.3
  • 52
    • 34347180141 scopus 로고
    • Der kumpan in der umwelt des vogels
    • Lorenz K. (1935). Der Kumpan in Der Umwelt des Vogels. J. Ornithol. 83: 137-213
    • (1935) J. Ornithol , vol.83 , pp. 137-213
    • Lorenz, K.1
  • 53
    • 34047230425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breast feeding in infancy and social mobility: 60-year follow-up of the boyd orr cohort
    • Martin RM, Goodall SH, Gunnell D, Davey Smith G. (2007). Breast feeding in infancy and social mobility: 60-year follow-up of the Boyd Orr cohort. Arch. Dis. Child 92: 317-21
    • (2007) Arch. Dis. Child , vol.92 , pp. 317-321
    • Martin, R.M.1    Goodall, S.H.2    Gunnell, D.3    Davey Smith, G.4
  • 54
    • 77952314867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potency trends of 9-THC and other cannabinoids in confiscated cannabis preparations from 1993 to 2008
    • Mehmedic Z, Chandra S, Slade D, Denham H, Foster S, et al (2010). Potency trends of 9-THC and other cannabinoids in confiscated cannabis preparations from 1993 to 2008. J. Forensic Sci. 55: 1209-17
    • (2010) J. Forensic Sci , vol.55 , pp. 1209-1217
    • Mehmedic, Z.1    Chandra, S.2    Slade, D.3    Denham, H.4    Foster, S.5
  • 55
    • 84861325364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between genetic variants on chromosome 15q25 locus and objective measures of tobacco exposure
    • Munafò MR, Timofeeva MN, Morris RW, Prieto-Merino D, Sattar N, et al (2012). Association between genetic variants on chromosome 15q25 locus and objective measures of tobacco exposure. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 104: 740-48
    • (2012) J. Natl. Cancer Inst , vol.104 , pp. 740-748
    • Munafò, M.R.1    Timofeeva, M.N.2    Morris, R.W.3    Prieto-Merino, D.4    Sattar, N.5
  • 57
    • 0031285282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Returns from computer use: A simple test on the productivity interpretation
    • Oosterbeek H. (1997). Returns from computer use: a simple test on the productivity interpretation. Econ. Lett. 55: 273-77
    • (1997) Econ. Lett , vol.55 , pp. 273-277
    • Oosterbeek, H.1
  • 58
    • 84902686483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cohort profile: The promotion of breastfeeding intervention trial (probit
    • Patel R, Oken E, Bogdanovich N, Matush L, Sevkovskaya Z, et al (2014). Cohort profile: the Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT). Int. J. Epidemiol. 43: 679-90
    • (2014) Int. J. Epidemiol , vol.43 , pp. 679-690
    • Patel, R.1    Oken, E.2    Bogdanovich, N.3    Matush, L.4    Sevkovskaya, Z.5
  • 59
    • 0022615493 scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal estrogen use and heart disease
    • Petitti DB, Perlman JA, Sidney S. (1986). Postmenopausal estrogen use and heart disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 315: 131-32
    • (1986) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.315 , pp. 131-132
    • Petitti, D.B.1    Perlman, J.A.2    Sidney, S.3
  • 60
    • 0023226646 scopus 로고
    • Noncontraceptive estrogens and mortality: Long-term follow-up of women in the walnut creek study
    • Petitti DB, Perlman JA, Sidney S. (1987). Noncontraceptive estrogens and mortality: long-term follow-up of women in the Walnut Creek Study. Obstet. Gynecol. 70: 289-93
    • (1987) Obstet. Gynecol , vol.70 , pp. 289-293
    • Petitti, D.B.1    Perlman, J.A.2    Sidney, S.3
  • 61
    • 0026536385 scopus 로고
    • Bias in relative odds estimation owing to imprecise measurement of correlated exposures
    • Phillips AN, Davey Smith G. (1992). Bias in relative odds estimation owing to imprecise measurement of correlated exposures. Stat. Med. 11: 953-61
    • (1992) Stat. Med , vol.11 , pp. 953-961
    • Phillips, A.N.1    Davey Smith, G.2
  • 62
    • 33846056133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Folate and neural tube defects
    • Pitkin RM. (2007). Folate and neural tube defects. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 85: 285-88S
    • (2007) Am. J. Clin. Nutr , vol.85 , pp. 285-288
    • Pitkin, R.M.1
  • 63
    • 60549113203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disentangling prenatal and inherited influences in humans with an experimental design
    • Rice F, Harold GT, Boivin J, Hay DF, van Den Bree M, Thapar A. (2009). Disentangling prenatal and inherited influences in humans with an experimental design. PNAS 106: 2464-67
    • (2009) PNAS , vol.106 , pp. 2464-2467
    • Rice, F.1    Harold, G.T.2    Boivin, J.3    Hay, D.F.4    Van Den Bree, M.5    Thapar, A.6
  • 64
    • 84908383904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Approaches for drawing causal inferences from epidemiological birth cohorts: A review
    • Richmond RC, Al-Amin A, Davey Smith G, Relton CL. (2014). Approaches for drawing causal inferences from epidemiological birth cohorts: a review. Early Hum. Dev. 90: 769-80
    • (2014) Early Hum. Dev , vol.90 , pp. 769-780
    • Richmond, R.C.1    Al-Amin, A.2    Davey Smith, G.3    Relton, C.L.4
  • 65
    • 80053995415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Folic acid supplements in pregnancy and severe language delay in children
    • Roth C, Magnus P, Schjolberg S, Stoltenberg C, Suren P, et al (2011). Folic acid supplements in pregnancy and severe language delay in children. JAMA 306: 1566-73
    • (2011) JAMA , vol.306 , pp. 1566-1573
    • Roth, C.1    Magnus, P.2    Schjolberg, S.3    Stoltenberg, C.4    Suren, P.5
  • 67
    • 42249114663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long lasting consequences of cannabis exposure in adolescence
    • Rubino T, Parolaro D. (2008). Long lasting consequences of cannabis exposure in adolescence. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 286: S108-13
    • (2008) Mol. Cell. Endocrinol , vol.286 , pp. S108-S113
    • Rubino, T.1    Parolaro, D.2
  • 68
    • 62249089460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Famine, death, and madness: Schizophrenia in early adulthood after prenatal exposure to the Chinese great leap forward famine
    • Song S, Wang W, Hu P. (2009). Famine, death, and madness: schizophrenia in early adulthood after prenatal exposure to the Chinese Great Leap Forward Famine. Soc. Sci. Med. 68: 1315-21
    • (2009) Soc. Sci. Med , vol.68 , pp. 1315-1321
    • Song, S.1    Wang, W.2    Hu, P.3
  • 69
    • 84873692512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between maternal use of folic acid supplements and risk of autism spectrum disorders in children
    • Suren P, Roth C, Bresnahan M, Haugen M, Hornig M, et al (2013). Association between maternal use of folic acid supplements and risk of autism spectrum disorders in children. JAMA 309: 570-77
    • (2013) JAMA , vol.309 , pp. 570-577
    • Suren, P.1    Roth, C.2    Bresnahan, M.3    Haugen, M.4    Hornig, M.5
  • 70
    • 84899952014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partner smoking and maternal cotinine during pregnancy: Implications for negative control methods
    • Taylor AE, Davey Smith G, Bares CB, Edwards AC, Munafò MR. (2014). Partner smoking and maternal cotinine during pregnancy: implications for negative control methods. Drug Alcohol Depend. 139: 159-63
    • (2014) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.139 , pp. 159-163
    • Taylor, A.E.1    Davey Smith, G.2    Bares, C.B.3    Edwards, A.C.4    Munafò, M.R.5
  • 71
    • 72649094775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal smoking might not cause attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder: Evidence from a novel design
    • Thapar A, Rice F, Hay D, Boivin J, Langley K, et al (2009). Prenatal smoking might not cause attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder: evidence from a novel design. Biol. Psychiatry 66: 722-27
    • (2009) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.66 , pp. 722-727
    • Thapar, A.1    Rice, F.2    Hay, D.3    Boivin, J.4    Langley, K.5
  • 72
    • 41649103052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A variant associated with nicotine dependence, lung cancer and peripheral arterial disease
    • Thorgeirsson TE, Geller F, Sulem P, Rafnar T, Wiste A, et al (2008). A variant associated with nicotine dependence, lung cancer and peripheral arterial disease. Nature 452: 638-42
    • (2008) Nature , vol.452 , pp. 638-642
    • Thorgeirsson, T.E.1    Geller, F.2    Sulem, P.3    Rafnar, T.4    Wiste, A.5
  • 73
    • 43049103458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabis and the developing brain: Insights from behavior
    • Trezza V, Cuomo V, Vanderschuren LJ. (2008). Cannabis and the developing brain: insights from behavior. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 585: 441-52
    • (2008) Eur. J. Pharmacol , vol.585 , pp. 441-452
    • Trezza, V.1    Cuomo, V.2    Vanderschuren, L.J.3
  • 74
    • 84870330686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic variation in the 15q25 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene cluster (CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4) interacts withmaternal self-reported smoking status during pregnancy to influence birth weight
    • Tyrrell J, Huikari V, Christie JT, Cavadino A, Bakker R, et al (2012). Genetic variation in the 15q25 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene cluster (CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4) interacts withmaternal self-reported smoking status during pregnancy to influence birth weight. Hum. Mol. Genet. 21: 5344-58
    • (2012) Hum. Mol. Genet , vol.21 , pp. 5344-5358
    • Tyrrell, J.1    Huikari, V.2    Christie, J.T.3    Cavadino, A.4    Bakker, R.5
  • 75
    • 77956894000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased depressive symptoms in female but not male adolescents born at low birth weight in the offspring of a national cohort
    • Van Lieshout RJ, Boylan K. (2010). Increased depressive symptoms in female but not male adolescents born at low birth weight in the offspring of a national cohort. Can. J. Psychiatry 55: 422-30
    • (2010) Can. J. Psychiatry , vol.55 , pp. 422-430
    • Van Lieshout, R.J.1    Boylan, K.2
  • 76
    • 84925270667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between breastfeeding and intelligence, educational attainment, and income at 30 years of age: A prospective birth cohort study from Brazil
    • Victora CG, Horta BL, Loret De Mola C, Quevedo L, Pinheiro RT, et al (2015). Association between breastfeeding and intelligence, educational attainment, and income at 30 years of age: a prospective birth cohort study from Brazil. Lancet Glob. Health 3: e199-205
    • (2015) Lancet Glob. Health , vol.3 , pp. e199-205
    • Victora, C.G.1    Horta, B.L.2    Loret De Mola, C.3    Quevedo, L.4    Pinheiro, R.T.5
  • 77
    • 82455172054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of the CHRNA5-A3-B4 gene cluster with heaviness of smoking: A meta-analysis
    • Ware JJ, van Den Bree MB, Munafò MR. (2011). Association of the CHRNA5-A3-B4 gene cluster with heaviness of smoking: a meta-analysis. Nicotine Tob. Res. 13: 1167-75
    • (2011) Nicotine Tob. Res , vol.13 , pp. 1167-1175
    • Ware, J.J.1    Van Den Bree, M.B.2    Munafò, M.R.3
  • 78
    • 84868118044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From men to mice: CHRNA5/CHRNA3, smoking behavior and disease
    • Ware JJ, van Den Bree MB, Munafò MR. (2012). From men to mice: CHRNA5/CHRNA3, smoking behavior and disease. Nicotine Tobacco Res. 14: 1291-99
    • (2012) Nicotine Tobacco Res , vol.14 , pp. 1291-1299
    • Ware, J.J.1    Van Den Bree, M.B.2    Munafò, M.R.3
  • 79
    • 0007502637 scopus 로고
    • Conditioned emotional reactions
    • Watson JB, Rayner R. (1920). Conditioned emotional reactions. J. Exp. Psychol. 3: 1-14
    • (1920) J. Exp. Psychol , vol.3 , pp. 1-14
    • Watson, J.B.1    Rayner, R.2
  • 80
    • 0037164374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self reported cannabis use as a risk factor for schizophrenia in Swedish conscripts of 1969: Historical cohort study
    • Zammit S, Allebeck P, Andreasson S, Lundberg I, Lewis G. (2002). Self reported cannabis use as a risk factor for schizophrenia in Swedish conscripts of 1969: historical cohort study. BMJ 325: 1199
    • (2002) BMJ , vol.325 , pp. 1199
    • Zammit, S.1    Allebeck, P.2    Andreasson, S.3    Lundberg, I.4    Lewis, G.5
  • 81
    • 84886435717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal alcohol exposure and offspring cognition and school performance a mendelian randomization natural experiment
    • Zuccolo L, Lewis SJ, Davey Smith G, Sayal K, Draper ES, et al (2013). Prenatal alcohol exposure and offspring cognition and school performance. A "Mendelian randomization" natural experiment. Int. J. Epidemiol. 42: 1358-70
    • (2013) Int. J. Epidemiol , vol.42 , pp. 1358-1370
    • Zuccolo, L.1    Lewis, S.J.2    Davey Smith, G.3    Sayal, K.4    Draper, E.S.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.