New visible-light active semiconductors

Photocatalytic Semiconductors: Synthesis, Characterization, and Environmental Applications

Volumn , Issue , 2015, Pages 41-67

  Candal, Roberto ^a,b   Martínez de la Cruz, Azael ^c  

^a Instituto de Química Física de Materiales   (Brazil)

^b UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARTÍN   (Argentina)

^c UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE NUEVO LEÓN   (Mexico)

Author keywords

Capped semiconductors; Coupled semiconductors; Dye sensitized semiconductor; Metal doped photocatalysts; Nano structured semiconductors; Visible light active materials

Indexed keywords

CADMIUM SULFIDE; CATALYST ACTIVITY; CHEMICAL DETECTION; IRRADIATION; LIGHT; MICROELECTRONICS; NANOCRYSTALS; NIOBIUM OXIDE; ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; OXIDE SEMICONDUCTORS; PHOTOCATALYSIS; PHOTOCATALYSTS; SEMICONDUCTOR DOPING; SOLAR ENERGY; WATER TREATMENT; ZINC SULFIDE;

ACTIVE MATERIAL; COUPLED SEMICONDUCTOR; DYE SENSITIZED; METAL-DOPED; NANO-STRUCTURED;

DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS;

EID: 84944544643     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10999-2_2     Document Type: Chapter

References (114)

1. Abe R, Sayama K, Arakawa H (2004) Dye-sensitized photocatalysts for efficient hydrogen production from aqueous I _ solution under visible light irradiation. J Photochem Photobiol A 166:115-122
2. Ahmad M, Ahmed E, Zhang Y, Khalid NR, Xu J, Ullah M, Hong Z (2013) Preparation of highly efficient Al-doped ZnO photocatalyst by combustion synthesis. Curr Appl Phys 13:697-704
3. Anta JA (2012) Electron transport in nanostructured metal-oxide semiconductors. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 17:124-131
4. Aoyama Y, Oaki Y, Ise R, Imai H (2012) Mesocrystal nanosheet of rutile TiO2 and its reaction selectivity as a photocatalyst. Cryst Eng Comm 14:1405-1411
5. Balachandran S, Praveen SG, Velmurugan R, Swaminathan M (2014) Facile fabrication of highly efficient, reusable heterostructured Ag-ZnO-CdO and its twin applications of dye degradation under natural sunlight and self-cleaning. RSC Adv 4:4353-4362
6. Bamwenda GR, Arakawa H (2001) The visible light induced photocatalytic activity of tungsten trioxide powders. Appl Catal A 210:181-191
7. Barnes TM, Olson K, Wolden CA (2005) On the formation and stability of p-type conductivity in nitrogen-doped zinc oxide. Appl Phys Lett 86:112112
8. Beydoun D, Amal R, Low G, McEvoy S (1999) Role of nanoparticles in photocatalysis. J Nanopart Res 1:439-458
9. Calogero G, Di Marco G (2008) Red Sicilian orange and purple eggplant fruits as natural sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 92:1341-1346
10. Chatterjee D, Dasgupta S (2005) Visible light induced photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. J Photochem Photobiol C 6:186-205
11. Chen YS, Li C, Zeng ZH, Wang WB, Wang XS, Zhang BW (2005) Efficient electron injection due to a special adsorbing group's combination of carboxyl and hydroxyl: dye-sensitized solar cells based on new hemicyanine dyes. J Mater Chem 15:1654-1661
12. Chen JS, Chen C, Liu J, Xu R, Qiao SZ, Lou XW (2011) Ellipsoidal hollow nanostructures assembled from anatase TiO2 nanosheets as a magnetically separable photocatalyst. Chem Commun 47:2631-2633
13. Chen L, Tran TTT, Huang C, Li J, Yuan L, Cai Q (2013) Synthesis and photocatalytic application of Au/Ag nanoparticle-sensitized ZnO films. Appl Surf Sci 273:82-88
14. Cheng XF, Leng WH, Liu DP, Zhang JQ, Cao CN (2007) Enhanced photoelectrocatalytic performance of Zn-doped WO3 photocatalysts for nitrite ions degradation under visible light. Chemosphere 68:1976-1984
15. Cheng Y, Huang W, Zhang Y, Zhu L, Liu Y, Fan X, Cao X (2010) Preparation of TiO2 hollow nanofibers by electrospinning combined with sol-gel process. Cryst Eng Comm 12:2256-2260
16. Chu W, Chan KH, Jafvert CT, Chan YS (2007) Removal of phenylurea herbicide monuron via riboflavin-mediated photosensitization. Chemosphere 69:177-183
17. DiValentin C, Pacchioni G, Selloni A, Livraghi S, Giamello E (2005) Characterization of paramagnetic species in N-doped TiO2 powders by EPR spectroscopy and DFT calculations. J Phys Chem B 109:11414-11419
18. Dou C, Wen P, Kong X, Nakanishi S, Feng Q (2011) The nonlinear refraction sign turned to reverse by intercalating cresyl violent dye into layered titanate nanosheets. Opt Commun 284:1067-1071
19. Eberl J, Kisch H (2008) Visible light photo-oxidations in the presence of α-Bi2O3. Photochem Photobiol Sci 7:1400-1406
20. Espinosa R, Zumeta I, Santana JL, Martínez-Luzardo F, González B, Docteur S, Vigil E (2005) Nanocrystalline TiO2 photosensitized with natural polymers with enhanced efficiency from 400 to 600 nm. Sol Energ Mat Sol C 85:359-369
21. Fu H, Zhang S, Xu T, Zhu Y, Chen J (2008a) Photocatalytic degradation of RhB by fluorinated Bi2WO6 and distribution of the intermediate products. Environ Sci Technol 42:2085-2091
22. Fu H, Zhang S, Zhang L, Zhu Y (2008b) Visible-light-driven NaTaO3-xNx catalyst prepared by a hydrothermal process. Mater Res Bull 43:864-872
23. García-Pérez UM, Sepúlveda-Guzmán S, Martínez-de la Cruz A (2012) Nanostructured BiVO4 photocatalysts synthesized via a polymer-assisted coprecipitation method and their photocatalytic properties under visible-light irradiation. Solid State Sci 14:293-298
24. Gómez-Ortíz NM, Vázquez-Maldonado IA, Pérez-Espadas AR, Mena-Rejón GJ, Azamar-Barrios JA, Oskam G (2010) Dye-sensitized solar cells with natural dyes extracted from achiote seeds. Sol Energ Mat Sol C 94:40-44
25. Gui MS, Zhang WD, Chang YQ, Yu YX (2012) One-step hydrothermal preparation strategy for nanostructured WO3/Bi2WO6 heterojunction with high visible light photocatalytic activity. Chem Eng J 197:283-288
26. Guo M, Diao P, Ren YJ, Meng F, Tian H, Cai SM (2005) Photoelectrochemical studies of nanocrystalline TiO2 co-sensitized by novel cyanine dyes. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 88:23-35
27. Hameed A, Gondal MA, Yamani ZH (2004) Effect of transition metal doping on photocatalytic activity of WO3 for water splitting under laser illumination: role of 3d-orbitals. Catal Commun 5:715-719
28. Hamrouni A, Moussa N, Di Paola A, Parrino F, Houas A, Palmisano L (2014) Characterization and photoactivity of coupled ZnO-ZnWO4 catalysts prepared by a sol-gel method. Appl Catal B Environ 154-155:379-385
29. Han W, Ren L, Qi X, Liu Y, Wei X, Huang Z, Zhong J (2014) Synthesis of CdS/ZnO/graphene composite with high-efficiency photoelectrochemical activities under solar radiation. Appl Surf Sci 299:12-18
30. Hasegawa G, Morisato K, Kanamori K, Nakanishi K (2011) New hierarchically porous titania monoliths for chromatographic separation media. J Sep Sci 34:3004-3010
31. He X, Chiu C, Esmacher MJ, Liang H (2013) Nanostructured photocatalytic coatings for corrosion protection and surface repair. Surf Coat Technol 237:320-327
32. Honda K, Fujishima A (1972) Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode. Nature 238:37-38
33. Hong SJ, Jun H, Borse PH, Lee JS (2009) Size effects of WO3 nanocrystals for photooxidation of water in particulate suspension and photoelectrochemical film systems. Int J Hydrogen Energy 34:3234-3242
34. Jaimy KB, Ghosh S, Sankar S, Warrier KGK (2011) An aqueous sol-gel synthesis of chromium (III) doped mesoporous titanium dioxide for visible light photocatalysis. Mater Res Bull 46:914-921
35. Jana TK, Pal A, Chatterjee K (2014) Self assembled flower like CdS-ZnO nanocomposite and its photo catalytic activity. J Alloys Compd 583:510-515
36. Jiang H, Wang Q, Zang S, Li J, Wang X (2014) Hydrothermal synthesis of high-efficiency Pr, N, P-tridoped TiO2 from TiCl4 hydrolysis and mechanism of its enhanced photoactivity. J Alloys Compd 600:34-42
37. Jindal K, Tomar M, Gupta V (2013) Nitrogen-doped zinc oxide thin films biosensor for determination of uric acid. Analyst 138:4353-4362
38. Kamat P (1997) Native and surface modified semiconductor nanoclusters, Progress in inorganic chemistry. In: Karlin D (ed) Progress in Inorganic Chemistry: Molecular Level Artificial Photosynthetic Materials, vol 44. John Wiley and Son, Hoboken, NJ, pp 273-343. ISBN ISBN 0-471-12535-0
39. Kato H, Hori M, Konta R, Shimodaira Y, Kudo A (2004) Construction of Z-scheme type heterogeneous photocatalysis systems for water splitting into H2 and O2 under visible light irradiation. Chem Lett 33:1348-1349
40. Kaur S, Singh V (2007) Visible light induced sonophotocatalytic degradation of Reactive Red dye 198 using dye sensitized TiO2. Ultrason Sonochem 14:531-537
41. Khatamian M, Khandar AA, Divband B, Haghighi M, Ebrahimiasl S (2012) Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol in aqueous suspension by Ln (La3+, Nd3+ or Sm3+) doped ZnO nanoparticles. J Mol Catal A Chem 365:120-127
42. Kohtani S, Kudo A, Sakata T (1993) Spectral sensitization of a TiO2 semiconductor electrode by CdS microcrystals and its photoelectrochemical properties. Chem Phys Lett 206:166-170
43. Kominami H, Kato J, Murakami S, Ishii Y, Kohno M, Yabutani K, Yamamoto T, Kera Y, Inoue M, Inui T, Ohtani B (2003) Solvothermal syntheses of semiconductor photocatalysts of ultra-high activities. Catal Today 84:181-189
44. Konta R, Kato H, Kobayashi H, Kudo A (2003) Photophysical properties and photocatalytic activities under visible light irradiation of silver vanadates. Phys Chem Chem Phys 5:3061-3065
45. Kudo A, Omori K, Kato H (1999) A novel aqueous process for preparation of crystal formcontrolled and highly crystalline BiVO4 powder from layered vanadates at room temperature and its photocatalytic and photophysical properties. J Am Chem Soc 121:11459-11467
46. Kumara GRA, Kaneko S, Okuya M, Onwona-Agyeman B, Konno A, Tennakone K (2006) Shiso leaf pigments for dye-sensitized solid-state solar cell. Sol Energy Mat Sol C 90:1220-1226
47. Lehr D, Luka M, Wagner MR, Bügler M, Hoffmann A, Polarz S (2012) Band gap engineering of zinc oxide colloids via lattice substitution with sulfur leading to materials with advanced properties for optical applications like full inorganic UV protection. Chem Mater 24:1771-1778
48. Li X, Kikugawa N, Ye J (2008) Nitrogen-doped lamellar niobic acid with visible light responsive photocatalytic activity. Adv Mater 20:3816-3819
49. Li K, Yang C, Xu Y, Ying D, Wanga Y, Jia J (2012) Effect of inorganic anions on Rhodamine B removal under visible light irradiation using Bi2O3/Ti rotating disk reactor. Chem Eng J 211-212:208-221
50. Li D, Huang JF, Cao LY, Ll JY, OuYang HB, Yao CY (2014a) Microwave hydrothermal synthesis of Sr2+ doped ZnO crystallites with enhanced photocatalytic properties. Ceram Int 40:2647-2653
51. Li T, Chen Y, Fu WF (2014b) Photocatalytic H2 production from water based on platinum (II) Schiff base sensitizers and a molecular cobalt catalyst. Catal Commun 45:91-94
52. Li Z, Shen Y, Guan Y, Hu Y, Lin Y, Nan CW (2014c) Bandgap engineering and enhanced interface coupling of graphene-BiFeO3 nanocomposites as efficient photocatalysts under visible light. J Mater Chem A 2:1967-1973
53. Liu H, Peng T, Xiao J, Zhao D, Peng Z (2005) Preparation and photocatalytic activity of nanoscale Tb3+-doped WO3. J Wuhan Univ (Mater Sci Ed) 4:397-401
54. Liu H, Peng T, Ke D, Peng Z, Yan C (2007) Preparation and photocatalytic activity of dysprosium doped tungsten trioxide nanoparticles. Mater Chem Phys 104:377-383
55. Liu S, Yin K, Ren W, Cheng B, Yu J (2012) Tandem photocatalytic oxidation of Rhodamine B over surface fluorinated bismuth vanadate crystals. J Mater Chem 22:17759-17767
56. Liu L, Lv J, Xu G, Wang Y, Xie K, Chen Z, Wu Y (2013) Uniformly dispersed CdS nanoparticles sensitized TiO2 nanotube arrays with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity and stability. J Solid State Chem 208:27-34
57. Lopes OF, Paris EC, Ribeiro C (2014) Synthesis of Nb2O5 nanoparticles through the oxidant peroxide method applied to organic pollutant photodegradation: A mechanistic study. Appl Catal B Environ 144:800-808
58. Maia DLS, Pepe I, Ferreira da Silva A, Silva LA (2012) Visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production over dye-sensitized β-BiTaO4. J Photochem Photobiol A:Chem 243:61-64
59. Malato S, Fernández-Ibánez P, Maldonado MI, Blanco J, Gernjak W(2009) Decontamination and disinfection of water by solar photocatalysis: Recent overview and trends. Catal Today 147:1-59
60. Marschall R, Wang L (2014) Non-metal doping of transition metal oxides for visible light photocatalysis. Catal Today 225:111-135
61. Meyer BK, Polity A, Farangis B, He Y, Hasselkamp D, Krämer T, Wang C (2004) Structural properties and bandgap bowing of ZnO1-x Sx thin films deposited by reactive sputtering. Appl Phys Lett 85:4929-4931
62. Mi Q, Ping Y, Li Y, Cao B, Brunschwig BS, Khalifah PG, Galli GA, Gray HB, Lewis NS (2012) Thermally stable N2-intercalated WO3 photoanodes for water oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 134:18318-18324
63. Min Y, Zhang K, Chen Y, Zhang YG, Zhao W (2012) Synthesis of nanostructured ZnO/Bi2WO6 heterojunction for photocatalysis application. Sep Purif Technol 92:115-120
64. Murase T, Irie H, Hashimoto K (2004) Visible light sensitive photocatalysts, nitrogen-doped Ta2O5 powders. J Phys Chem B 108:15803-15807
65. Nakata K, Fujishima A (2012) TiO2 photocatalysis: design and applications. J Photochem Photobiol C 13:169-189
66. Narayan MR (2012) Review: Dye sensitized solar cells based on natural photosensitizers. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev 16:208-215
67. Nozik AJ, Beard MC, Luther JM, Law M, Ellingson RJ, Johnson JC (2010) Semiconductor quantum dots and quantum dot arrays and applications of multiple exciton generation to third-generation photovoltaic solar cells. Chem Rev 110:6873-6890
68. O'Regan B, Grätzel M (1991) A low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized colloidal TiO2 films. Nature 353:737-740
69. Omidi A, Habibi-Yangjeh A, Pirhashemi M (2013) Application of ultrasonic irradiation method for preparation of ZnO nanostructures doped with Sb+3 ions as a highly efficient photocatalyst. Appl Surf Sci 276:468-475
70. Patil A, Patil K, Pardeshi S (2010) Ecofriendly synthesis and solar photocatalytic activity of S-doped ZnO. J Hazard Mater 183:315-323
71. Pei D, Luan J (2012) Development of visible light-responsive sensitized photocatalysts. Int J Photoenergy ID 262831:13
72. Persson C, Platzer-Bjorkman C, Malmstrom J, Torndahl T, Edoff M (2006) Strong valence band offset bowing of ZnO1-xSx enhances p-type nitrogen doping of ZnO like alloys. Phys Rev Lett 97:146403
73. Phuruangrat A, Yayapao O, Thongtem T, Thongtem S (2014) Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic properties of Ho doped ZnO nanostructures synthesized by sonochemical method. Superlattices Microstruct 67:118-126
74. Radecka M, Sobas P, Wierzbicka M, RekasM(2005) Photoelectrochemical properties of undoped and Ti-doped WO3. Physica B 364:85-92
75. Rengifo-Herrera JA, Mielczarski E, Mielczarski J, Castillo NC, Kiwi J, Pulgarin C (2008) Escherichia coli inactivation by N, S co-doped commercial TiO2 powders under UV and visible light. Appl Catal B Environ 84:448-456
76. Ropero-Vega JL, Rosas-Barrera KL, Pedraza-Avella JA, Laverde-Cataño DA, Pedraza-Rosas JE, Niño-Gómez ME (2010) Photophysical and photocatalytic properties of Bi2MNbO7 (M=Al, In, Ga, Fe) thin films prepared by dip-coating. Mater Sci Eng B 174:196-199
77. San Esteban ACM, Enriquez EP (2013) Graphene-anthocyanin mixture as photosensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cell. Sol Energy 98:392-399
78. Saravanakumar B, Mohan R, Thiyagarajan K, Kim SJ (2013) Investigation of UV photoresponse property of Al, N co-doped ZnO film. J Alloys Compd 580:538-543
79. Sayama K, Arakawa H (1994) Effect of Na2CO3 addition on photocatalytic decomposition of liquid water over various semiconductor catalysis. J Photochem Photobiol A:Chem 77:243-247
80. Shang M, Wang W, Sun S, Zhou L, Zhang L (2008) Bi2WO6 nanocrystals with high photocatalytic activities under visible light. J Phys Chem C 112:10407-10411
81. Sreethawong T, Yoshikawa S (2012) Impact of photochemically deposited monometallic Pt and bimetallic Pt-Au nanoparticles on photocatalytic dye-sensitized H2 production activity of mesoporous-assembled TiO2-SiO2 mixed oxide nanocrystal. Chem Eng J 197:272-282
82. Sun T, Liu E, Fan J, Hu X, Wu F, Hou W, Yang Y, Kang L (2013) High photocatalytic activity of hydrogen production from water over Fe doped and Ag deposited anatase TiO2 catalyst synthesized by solvothermal method. Chem Eng J 228:896-906
83. Takeuchi M, Shimizu Y, Yamagawa H, Nakamuro T, Anpo M (2011) Preparation of the visible light responsive N3_ -doped WO3 photocatalyst by a thermal decomposition of ammonium paratungstate. Appl Catal B:Environ 110:1-5
84. Takizawa T, Watanabe T, Honda K (1978) Photocatalysis through excitation of adsorbates. 2. A comparative study of Rhodamine B and methylene blue on cadmium sulfide. J Phys Chem 82:1391-1396
85. Tanasa DE, Piuleac CG, Curteanu S, Popovici E (2013) Photodegradation process of Eosin Y using ZnO/SnO2 nanocomposites as photocatalysts: experimental study and neural network modeling. J Mater Sci 48:8029-8040
86. Tang JW, Wang DF, Zou ZG, Ye JH (2003) Modification of photophysical properties of WO3 by doping different metals. Mater Sci Forum 423-424:163-166
87. Thankalekshmi RR, Rastogi AC (2012) Structure and optical band gap of ZnO12xSx thin films synthesized by chemical spray pyrolysis for application in solar cells. J Appl Phys 112: 063708-063708-10
88. Tuomisto F, Rauch C, Wagner MR, Hoffmann A, Eisermann S, Meyer BK, Kilanski L, Tarun MC, McCluskey MD (2013) Nitrogen and vacancy clusters in ZnO. J Mater Res 28:1977-1983
89. Tuzemen ES, Kara K, Elagoz S, Takci DK, Altuntas I, Esen R (2014) Structural and electrical properties of nitrogen-doped ZnO thin films. Appl Surf Sci http://dx.doi.org 10.1016/j.apsusc. 2014.02.118
90. Ullah R, Sun H, Ang HM, Tade MO, Wang S (2013) Comparative investigation of photocatalytic degradation of toluene on nitrogen doped Ta2O5 and Nb2O5 nanoparticles. Ind Eng Chem Res 52:3320-3328
91. Vinodgopal K, Kamat P (1995) Enhanced rates of photocatalytic degradation of an azo dye using SnO2/TiO2 coupled semiconductor thin films. Environ Sci Technol 29:841-845
92. Vo V, Thi TPT, Kim HY, Kim SJ (2014) Facile post-synthesis and photocatalytic activity of N-doped ZnO-SBA-15. J Phys Chem Solids 75:403-409
93. Wang C, Cao L (2011) Preparation, spectral characteristics and photocatalytic activity of Eu3+- doped WO3 nanoparticles. J Rare Earths 29:727-731
94. Wang M, Chen C, Zhao B, Zeng Q, He D (2013) Solvothermal synthesis of nanostructured TiO2 photocatalyst in supercritical CO2 fluids. Mater Lett 109:104-107
95. Wang Z, Wang ZW, Yue Y, Cao Y (2014) Preparation and properties of nitrogen doped p-type zinc oxide films by reactive magnetron sputtering. Vacuum 101:313-316
96. Whitehead K, Hedges JI (2005) Photodegradation and photosensitization of mycosporine-like amino acids. J Photochem Photobiol B 80:115-121
97. Wongcharee K, Meeyoo V, Chavadej S (2007) Dye-sensitized solar cell using natural dyes extracted from rosella and blue pea flowers. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 91:566-571
98. Xu H, Zhou YN, Lu F, Fu ZW (2011) Electrochemistry of ZnO1-xSx thin film with lithium. J Electrochem Soc 158:A285-A290
99. Xu L, Shi W, Guan J (2012) Preparation of crystallized mesoporous CdS/Ta2O5 composite assisted by silica reinforcement for visible light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Catal Commun 25:54-58
100. Yang S, Gao L (2004) New method to prepare nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide and its photocatalytic activities irradiated by visible light. J Am Ceram Soc 87:1803-1805
101. Yayapao O, Thongtem S, Phuruangrat A, Thongtem T (2013a) Sonochemical synthesis, photocatalysis and photonic properties of 3 % Ce-doped ZnO nanoneedles. Ceram Int 39: S563-S568
102. Yayapao O, Thongtem T, Phuruangrat A, Thongtem S (2013b) Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of Nd-doped ZnO for photocatalysis. Mater Lett 90:83-86
103. Yoo YZ, Jin ZW, Chikyow T, Fukumura T, Kawasaki M, Koinuma H (2002) S doping in ZnO film by supplying ZnS species with pulsed laser deposition methods. Appl Phys Lett 81:3798-3790
104. Yu J, Dai G, Cheng B (2010) Effect of crystallization methods on morphology and photocatalytic activity of anodized TiO2 nanotube array films. J Phys Chem C 114:19378-19385
105. Yun HJ, Lee H, Joo JB, Kim W, Yi J (2009) Influence of aspect ratio of TiO2 nanorods on the photocatalytic decomposition of formic acid. J Phys Chem C 113:3050-3055
106. Zhang L, Fu H, Zhang C, Zhu Y (2006) Synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic properties of InVO4 nanoparticles. J Solid State Chem 179:804-811
107. Zhang D, Gong J, Ma JJ, Han G, Tong Z (2013) A facile method for synthesis of N-doped ZnO mesoporous nanospheres and enhanced photocatalytic activity. Dalton Trans 42:16556-16561
108. Zhang X, Wang DK, Schmeda López DR, Diniz da Costa JC (2014) Fabrication of nanostructured TiO2 hollow fiber photocatalytic membrane and application for wastewater treatment. Chem Eng J 236:314-322
109. Zhao Z, Dai H, Deng J, Liu Y, Au CT (2013) Enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activities of porous olive-shaped sulfur-doped BiVO4-supported cobalt oxides. Solid State Sci 18:98-104
110. Zheng YZ, Tao X, Hou Q, Wang DT, Zhou WL, Chen JF (2011) Iodine-doped ZnO nanocrystalline aggregates for Improved dye-sensitized solar cells. Chem Mater 23:3-5
111. Zhou H, Wu L, Gao Y, Ma T (2011) Dye-sensitized solar cells using 20 natural dyes as sensitizers. J Photochem Photobiol A:Chem 219:188-194
112. Zhu S, Fu H, Zhang S, Zhang L, Zhu Y (2008) Two-step synthesis of a novel visible-light-driven K2Ta2O6-xNx catalyst for the pollutant decomposition. J Photochem Photobiol A 193:33-41
113. Zong X, Sun C, Yu H, Chen ZG, Xing Z, Ye D, Lu GQ, Li X, Wang L (2013) Activation of photocatalytic water oxidation on N-doped ZnO bundle-like nanoparticles under visible light. J Phys Chem C 117:4937-4942
114. Zou L, Liu Q, Xu Q, Mi G (2011) Microwave synthesis of mesoporous WO3 doping with bismuth and photocatalytic oxidation of water to H2. Korean J Chem Eng 28:1299-1303