메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 6, 2016, Pages 1214-1226

Reconciling Saliency and Object Center-Bias Hypotheses in Explaining Free-Viewing Fixations

Author keywords

Bottom up attention; center bias; eye movements; free viewing; object center bias; object saliency; object based attention; saliency; space based attention; Visual attention

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER VISION; SEMANTICS;

EID: 84943411248     PISSN: 2162237X     EISSN: 21622388     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TNNLS.2015.2480683     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (45)

References (78)
  • 1
    • 0027566301 scopus 로고
    • Eye movement control during visual object processing: Effects of initial fixation position and semantic constraint
    • J. M. Henderson, "Eye movement control during visual object processing: Effects of initial fixation position and semantic constraint," Can. J. Experim. Psychol., vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 79-98, 1993.
    • (1993) Can. J. Experim. Psychol. , vol.47 , Issue.1 , pp. 79-98
    • Henderson, J.M.1
  • 2
    • 79952645933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Object-based attentional selection in scene viewing
    • A. Nuthmann and J. M. Henderson, "Object-based attentional selection in scene viewing," J. Vis., vol. 10, no. 8, p. 20, 2010.
    • (2010) J. Vis. , vol.10 , Issue.8 , pp. 20
    • Nuthmann, A.1    Henderson, J.M.2
  • 4
    • 84870220894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State-of-The-art in visual attention modeling
    • Jan.
    • A. Borji and L. Itti, "State-of-the-art in visual attention modeling," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 185-207, Jan. 2013.
    • (2013) IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. , vol.35 , Issue.1 , pp. 185-207
    • Borji, A.1    Itti, L.2
  • 5
    • 17444385937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eye movements in natural behavior
    • M. Hayhoe and D. Ballard, "Eye movements in natural behavior," Trends Cognit. Sci., vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 188-194, 2005.
    • (2005) Trends Cognit. Sci. , vol.9 , Issue.4 , pp. 188-194
    • Hayhoe, M.1    Ballard, D.2
  • 6
    • 0035286497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computational modelling of visual attention
    • L. Itti and C. Koch, "Computational modelling of visual attention," Nature Rev. Neurosci., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 194-203, 2001.
    • (2001) Nature Rev. Neurosci. , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 194-203
    • Itti, L.1    Koch, C.2
  • 7
    • 0035189421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In what ways do eye movements contribute to everyday activities
    • Nov./Dec.
    • M. F. Land and M. Hayhoe, "In what ways do eye movements contribute to everyday activities" Vis. Res., vol. 41, nos. 25-26, pp. 3559-3565, Nov./Dec. 2001.
    • (2001) Vis. Res. , vol.41 , Issue.25-26 , pp. 3559-3565
    • Land, M.F.1    Hayhoe, M.2
  • 8
    • 9644289372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling the influence of task on attention
    • V. Navalpakkam and L. Itti, "Modeling the influence of task on attention," Vis. Res., vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 205-231, 2005.
    • (2005) Vis. Res. , vol.45 , Issue.2 , pp. 205-231
    • Navalpakkam, V.1    Itti, L.2
  • 9
    • 80054098428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eye movements and perception: A selective review
    • A. C. Schütz, D. I. Braun, K. R. Gegenfurtner, "Eye movements and perception: A selective review," J. Vis., vol. 11, no. 5, p. 9, 2011.
    • (2011) J. Vis. , vol.11 , Issue.5 , pp. 9
    • Schütz, A.C.1    Braun, D.I.2    Gegenfurtner, K.R.3
  • 10
    • 80054110780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eye guidance in natural vision: Reinterpreting salience
    • B. W. Tatler, M. M. Hayhoe, M. F. Land, D. H. Ballard, "Eye guidance in natural vision: Reinterpreting salience," J. Vis., vol. 11, no. 5, p. 5, 2011.
    • (2011) J. Vis. , vol.11 , Issue.5 , pp. 5
    • Tatler, B.W.1    Hayhoe, M.M.2    Land, M.F.3    Ballard, D.H.4
  • 11
    • 79953160857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of top-down attention
    • F. Baluch and L. Itti, "Mechanisms of top-down attention," Trends Neurosci., vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 210-224, 2011.
    • (2011) Trends Neurosci. , vol.34 , Issue.4 , pp. 210-224
    • Baluch, F.1    Itti, L.2
  • 12
    • 84866641899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Boosting bottom-up and top-down visual features for saliency estimation
    • Providence, RI, USA, Jun.
    • A. Borji, "Boosting bottom-up and top-down visual features for saliency estimation," in Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit. (CVPR), Providence, RI, USA, Jun. 2012, pp. 438-445.
    • (2012) Proc IEEE Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit. (CVPR) , pp. 438-445
    • Borji, A.1
  • 14
    • 84871656223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis of human-model agreement in visual saliency modeling: A comparative study
    • Jan.
    • A. Borji, D. N. Sihite, L. Itti, "Quantitative analysis of human-model agreement in visual saliency modeling: A comparative study," IEEE Trans. Image Process., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 55-69, Jan. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Image Process. , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 55-69
    • Borji, A.1    Sihite, D.N.2    Itti, L.3
  • 15
    • 77950357909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Faces and text attract gaze independent of the task: Experimental data and computer model
    • Nov.
    • M. Cerf, E. P. Frady, C. Koch, "Faces and text attract gaze independent of the task: Experimental data and computer model," J. Vis., vol. 9, no. 12, p. 10, Nov. 2009.
    • (2009) J. Vis. , vol.9 , Issue.12 , pp. 10
    • Cerf, M.1    Frady, E.P.2    Koch, C.3
  • 17
    • 79955136355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potency of people in pictures: Evidence from sequences of eye fixations
    • K. Humphrey and G. Underwood, "The potency of people in pictures: Evidence from sequences of eye fixations," J. Vis., vol. 10, no. 10, p. 19.
    • J. Vis. , vol.10 , Issue.10 , pp. 19
    • Humphrey, K.1    Underwood, G.2
  • 18
    • 84862896008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The attraction of visual attention to texts in real-world scenes
    • H.-C. Wang and M. Pomplun, "The attraction of visual attention to texts in real-world scenes," J. Vis., vol. 12, no. 6, p. 26, 2012.
    • (2012) J. Vis. , vol.12 , Issue.6 , pp. 26
    • Wang, H.-C.1    Pomplun, M.2
  • 19
    • 36448979181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The central fixation bias in scene viewing: Selecting an optimal viewing position independently of motor biases and image feature distributions
    • B. W. Tatler, "The central fixation bias in scene viewing: Selecting an optimal viewing position independently of motor biases and image feature distributions," J. Vis., vol. 7, no. 14, p. 4, 2007.
    • (2007) J. Vis. , vol.7 , Issue.14 , pp. 4
    • Tatler, B.W.1
  • 20
    • 67650302087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying center bias of observers in free viewing of dynamic natural scenes
    • P.-H. Tseng, R. Carmi, I. G. M. Cameron, D. P. Munoz, L. Itti, "Quantifying center bias of observers in free viewing of dynamic natural scenes," J. Vis., vol. 9, no. 7, p. 4, 2009.
    • (2009) J. Vis. , vol.9 , Issue.7 , pp. 4
    • Tseng, P.-H.1    Carmi, R.2    Cameron, I.G.M.3    Munoz, D.P.4    Itti, L.5
  • 21
    • 84897706639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial biases in viewing behavior
    • J. P. Ossandón, S. Onat, P. König, "Spatial biases in viewing behavior," J. Vis., vol. 14, no. 2, p. 20, 2014.
    • (2014) J. Vis. , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 20
    • Ossandón, J.P.1    Onat, S.2    König, P.3
  • 22
    • 79955587251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semantic guidance of eye movements in real-world scenes
    • A. D. Hwang, H.-C. Wang, M. Pomplun, "Semantic guidance of eye movements in real-world scenes," Vis. Res., vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 1192-1205, 2011.
    • (2011) Vis. Res. , vol.51 , Issue.10 , pp. 1192-1205
    • Hwang, A.D.1    Wang, H.-C.2    Pomplun, M.3
  • 23
    • 33750341577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contextual guidance of eye movements and attention in real-world scenes: The role of global features in object search
    • A. Torralba, A. Oliva, M. S. Castelhano, J. M. Henderson, "Contextual guidance of eye movements and attention in real-world scenes: The role of global features in object search," Psychol. Rev., vol. 113, no. 4, pp. 766-786, 2006.
    • (2006) Psychol. Rev. , vol.113 , Issue.4 , pp. 766-786
    • Torralba, A.1    Oliva, A.2    Castelhano, M.S.3    Henderson, J.M.4
  • 24
    • 84897080094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotion modulates eye movement patterns and subsequent memory for the GIST and details of movie scenes
    • R. Subramanian, D. Shankar, N. Sebe, D. Melcher, "Emotion modulates eye movement patterns and subsequent memory for the gist and details of movie scenes," J. Vis., vol. 14, no. 3, p. 31, 2014.
    • (2014) J. Vis. , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 31
    • Subramanian, R.1    Shankar, D.2    Sebe, N.3    Melcher, D.4
  • 26
    • 34948850787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of memory in guiding attention during natural vision
    • R. Carmi and L. Itti, "The role of memory in guiding attention during natural vision," J. Vis., vol. 6, no. 9, p. 4, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Vis. , vol.6 , Issue.9 , pp. 4
    • Carmi, R.1    Itti, L.2
  • 28
    • 84916209798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complementary effects of gaze direction and early saliency in guiding fixations during free viewing
    • A. Borji, D. Parks, L. Itti, "Complementary effects of gaze direction and early saliency in guiding fixations during free viewing," J. Vis., vol. 14, no. 13, p. 3, 2014.
    • (2014) J. Vis. , vol.14 , Issue.13 , pp. 3
    • Borji, A.1    Parks, D.2    Itti, L.3
  • 29
    • 24644508885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultural variation in eye movements during scene perception
    • H. F. Chua, J. E. Boland, R. E. Nisbett, "Cultural variation in eye movements during scene perception," Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, vol. 102, no. 35, pp. 12629-12633, 2005.
    • (2005) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.102 , Issue.35 , pp. 12629-12633
    • Chua, H.F.1    Boland, J.E.2    Nisbett, R.E.3
  • 30
    • 0028351678 scopus 로고
    • Value-Dependent selection in the brain: Simulation in a synthetic neural model
    • K. J. Friston, G. Tononi, G. N. Reeke, Jr., O. Sporns, G. M. Edelman, "Value-dependent selection in the brain: Simulation in a synthetic neural model," Neuroscience, vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 229-243, 1994.
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.59 , Issue.2 , pp. 229-243
    • Friston, K.J.1    Tononi, G.2    Reeke, G.N.3    Sporns, O.4    Edelman, G.M.5
  • 31
    • 84863746942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Top-down influences on visual attention during listening are modulated by observer sex
    • Jul.
    • J. Shen and L. Itti, "Top-down influences on visual attention during listening are modulated by observer sex," Vis. Res., vol. 65, pp. 62-76, Jul. 2012.
    • (2012) Vis. Res. , vol.65 , pp. 62-76
    • Shen, J.1    Itti, L.2
  • 33
    • 0028225676 scopus 로고
    • Where we look when we steer
    • Jun.
    • M. F. Land and D. N. Lee, "Where we look when we steer," Nature, vol. 369, pp. 742-744, Jun. 1994.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.369 , pp. 742-744
    • Land, M.F.1    Lee, D.N.2
  • 34
    • 0028907957 scopus 로고
    • Memory representations in natural tasks
    • D. H. Ballard, M. M. Hayhoe, J. B. Pelz, "Memory representations in natural tasks," J. Cognit. Neurosci., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 66-80, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Cognit. Neurosci. , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 66-80
    • Ballard, D.H.1    Hayhoe, M.M.2    Pelz, J.B.3
  • 35
    • 84899666829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What/where to look next Modeling top-down visual attention in complex interactive environments
    • May
    • A. Borji, D. N. Sihite, L. Itti, "What/where to look next Modeling top-down visual attention in complex interactive environments," IEEE Trans. Syst., Man, Cybern., Syst., vol. 44, no. 5, pp. 523-538, May 2014.
    • (2014) IEEE Trans. Syst., Man, Cybern., Syst. , vol.44 , Issue.5 , pp. 523-538
    • Borji, A.1    Sihite, D.N.2    Itti, L.3
  • 36
    • 84897043953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defending Yarbus: Eye movements reveal observers' task
    • A. Borji and L. Itti, "Defending Yarbus: Eye movements reveal observers' task," J. Vis., vol. 14, no. 3, p. 29, 2014.
    • (2014) J. Vis. , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 29
    • Borji, A.1    Itti, L.2
  • 37
    • 85027943616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What do eyes reveal about the mind Algorithmic inference of search targets from fixations
    • Feb.
    • A. Borji, A. Lennartz, M. Pomplun, "What do eyes reveal about the mind Algorithmic inference of search targets from fixations," Neurocomputing, vol. 149, pp. 788-799, Feb. 2015.
    • (2015) Neurocomputing , vol.149 , pp. 788-799
    • Borji, A.1    Lennartz, A.2    Pomplun, M.3
  • 38
    • 84861138589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reading users' minds from their eyes: A method for implicit image annotation
    • Jun.
    • S. N. Hajimirza, M. J. Proulx, E. Izquierdo, "Reading users' minds from their eyes: A method for implicit image annotation," IEEE Trans. Multimedia, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 805-815, Jun. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Multimedia , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 805-815
    • Hajimirza, S.N.1    Proulx, M.J.2    Izquierdo, E.3
  • 39
    • 0018878142 scopus 로고
    • A Feature-Integration theory of attention
    • A. M. Treisman and G. Gelade, "A feature-integration theory of attention," Cognit. Psychol., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 97-136, 1980.
    • (1980) Cognit. Psychol. , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 97-136
    • Treisman, A.M.1    Gelade, G.2
  • 40
    • 0022388528 scopus 로고
    • Shifts in selective visual attention: Towards the underlying neural circuitry
    • C. Koch and S. Ullman, "Shifts in selective visual attention: Towards the underlying neural circuitry," Human Neurobiol., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 219-227, 1985.
    • (1985) Human Neurobiol. , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 219-227
    • Koch, C.1    Ullman, S.2
  • 41
    • 0032204063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model of saliency-based visual attention for rapid scene analysis
    • Nov.
    • L. Itti, C. Koch, E. Niebur, "A model of saliency-based visual attention for rapid scene analysis," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 1254-1259, Nov. 1998.
    • (1998) IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. , vol.20 , Issue.11 , pp. 1254-1259
    • Itti, L.1    Koch, C.2    Niebur, E.3
  • 42
    • 0008183823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural scene statistics at the center of gaze
    • P. Reinagel and A. M. Zador, "Natural scene statistics at the center of gaze," Netw., Comput. Neural Syst., vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 341-350, 1999.
    • (1999) Netw., Comput. Neural Syst. , vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp. 341-350
    • Reinagel, P.1    Zador, A.M.2
  • 43
    • 0036160528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling the role of salience in the allocation of overt visual attention
    • D. Parkhurst, K. Law, E. Niebur, "Modeling the role of salience in the allocation of overt visual attention," Vis. Res., vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 107-123, 2002.
    • (2002) Vis. Res. , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 107-123
    • Parkhurst, D.1    Law, K.2    Niebur, E.3
  • 45
    • 0038175227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual memory and motor planning in a natural task
    • M. M. Hayhoe, A. Shrivastava, R. Mruczek, J. B. Pelz, "Visual memory and motor planning in a natural task," J. Vis., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 49-63, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Vis. , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-63
    • Hayhoe, M.M.1    Shrivastava, A.2    Mruczek, R.3    Pelz, J.B.4
  • 46
    • 56849086466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Objects predict fixations better than early saliency
    • W. Einhaüser, M. Spain, P. Perona, "Objects predict fixations better than early saliency," J. Vis., vol. 8, no. 14, p. 18, 2008.
    • (2008) J. Vis. , vol.8 , Issue.14 , pp. 18
    • Einhaüser, W.1    Spain, M.2    Perona, P.3
  • 47
    • 84883040101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Objects do not predict fixations better than early saliency: A re-analysis of Einhaüser et al.'s data
    • A. Borji et al., "Objects do not predict fixations better than early saliency: A re-analysis of Einhaüser et al.'s data," J. Vis., vol. 13, no. 10, p. 18, 2013.
    • (2013) J. Vis. , vol.13 , Issue.10 , pp. 18
    • Borji, A.1
  • 48
    • 34547765320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oculomotor control in a sequential search task
    • H. A. Trukenbrod and R. Engbert, "Oculomotor control in a sequential search task," Vis. Res., vol. 47, no. 18, pp. 2426-2443, 2007.
    • (2007) Vis. Res. , vol.47 , Issue.18 , pp. 2426-2443
    • Trukenbrod, H.A.1    Engbert, R.2
  • 49
    • 84878363893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Object-Based saccadic selection during scene perception: Evidence from viewing position effects
    • M. Pajak and A. Nuthmann, "Object-based saccadic selection during scene perception: Evidence from viewing position effects," J. Vis., vol. 13, no. 5, p. 2, 2013.
    • (2013) J. Vis. , vol.13 , Issue.5 , pp. 2
    • Pajak, M.1    Nuthmann, A.2
  • 50
    • 0034096923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dynamic representation of scenes
    • R. A. Rensink, "The dynamic representation of scenes," Vis. Cognit., vol. 7, nos. 1-3, pp. 17-42, 2000.
    • (2000) Vis. Cognit. , vol.7 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 17-42
    • Rensink, R.A.1
  • 52
    • 40549138099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interesting objects are visually salient
    • Mar.
    • L. Elazary and L. Itti, "Interesting objects are visually salient," J. Vis., vol. 8, no. 3, p. 3, Mar. 2008.
    • (2008) J. Vis. , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 3
    • Elazary, L.1    Itti, L.2
  • 53
    • 84973143314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gaze strategies in object identification and manipulation
    • Berlin, Germany
    • A. Belardinelli and M. V. Butz, "Gaze strategies in object identification and manipulation," in Proc. 35th Annu. Meeting Cognit. Sci. Soc., Berlin, Germany, 2013, pp. 319-341.
    • (2013) Proc. 35th Annu. Meeting Cognit. Sci. Soc , pp. 319-341
    • Belardinelli, A.1    Butz, M.V.2
  • 54
    • 78650512633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning to detect a salient object
    • Feb.
    • T. Liu et al., "Learning to detect a salient object," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 353-367, Feb. 2011.
    • (2011) IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. , vol.33 , Issue.2 , pp. 353-367
    • Liu, T.1
  • 55
    • 84973090614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Object-Based saliency as a predictor of attention in visual tasks
    • Berlin, Germany
    • M. Dziemianko, A. Clarke, F. Keller, "Object-based saliency as a predictor of attention in visual tasks," in Proc. 34th Annu. Conf. Cognit. Sci. Soc., Berlin, Germany, 2013, pp. 2237-2242.
    • (2013) Proc. 34th Annu. Conf. Cognit. Sci. Soc , pp. 2237-2242
    • Dziemianko, M.1    Clarke, A.2    Keller, F.3
  • 56
    • 84882935115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What stands out in a scene A study of human explicit saliency judgment
    • Oct.
    • A. Borji, D. N. Sihite, L. Itti, "What stands out in a scene A study of human explicit saliency judgment," Vis. Res., vol. 91, pp. 62-77, Oct. 2013.
    • (2013) Vis. Res. , vol.91 , pp. 62-77
    • Borji, A.1    Sihite, D.N.2    Itti, L.3
  • 57
    • 84891713152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the role of gaze behavior and object detection in scene understanding
    • Dec.
    • K. Yun, Y. Peng, D. Samaras, G. J. Zelinsky, T. L. Berg, "Exploring the role of gaze behavior and object detection in scene understanding," Frontiers Psychol., vol. 4, p. 917, Dec. 2013.
    • (2013) Frontiers Psychol. , vol.4 , pp. 917
    • Yun, K.1    Peng, Y.2    Samaras, D.3    Zelinsky, G.J.4    Berg, T.L.5
  • 58
    • 54449092275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A computer vision model for Visual-Object-Based attention and eye movements
    • Y. Sun, R. Fisher, F. Wang, H. M. Gomes, "A computer vision model for visual-object-based attention and eye movements," Comput. Vis. Image Understand., vol. 112, no. 2, pp. 126-142, 2008.
    • (2008) Comput. Vis. Image Understand. , vol.112 , Issue.2 , pp. 126-142
    • Sun, Y.1    Fisher, R.2    Wang, F.3    Gomes, H.M.4
  • 60
    • 84885340415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fixations on objects in natural scenes: Dissociating importance from salience
    • Jul.
    • B.M. Hart, H. C. E. F. Schmidt, C. Roth, W. Einhaüser, "Fixations on objects in natural scenes: Dissociating importance from salience," Frontiers Psychol., vol. 4, p. 455, Jul. 2013.
    • (2013) Frontiers Psychol. , vol.4 , pp. 455
    • Hart, B.M.1
  • 63
    • 84918818438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overt attention in natural scenes: Objects dominate features
    • Feb.
    • J. Stoll, M. Thrun, A. Nuthmann, W. Einhaüser, "Overt attention in natural scenes: Objects dominate features," Vis. Res., vol. 107, pp. 36-48, Feb. 2015.
    • (2015) Vis. Res. , vol.107 , pp. 36-48
    • Stoll, J.1    Thrun, M.2    Nuthmann, A.3    Einhaüser, W.4
  • 64
    • 84866928176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the relationship between optical variability, visual saliency, eye fixations: A computational approach
    • A. Garcia-Diaz, V. Leborán, X. R. Fdez-Vidal, X. M. Pardo, "On the relationship between optical variability, visual saliency, eye fixations: A computational approach," J. Vis., vol. 12, no. 6, p. 17, 2012.
    • (2012) J. Vis. , vol.12 , Issue.6 , pp. 17
    • Garcia-Diaz, A.1    Leborán, V.2    Fdez-Vidal, X.R.3    Pardo, X.M.4
  • 65
    • 20544446875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Components of bottom-up gaze allocation in natural images
    • R. J. Peters, A. Iyer, L. Itti, C. Koch, "Components of bottom-up gaze allocation in natural images," Vis. Res., vol. 45, no. 8, pp. 2397-2416, 2005.
    • (2005) Vis. Res. , vol.45 , Issue.8 , pp. 2397-2416
    • Peters, R.J.1    Iyer, A.2    Itti, L.3    Koch, C.4
  • 66
    • 84878372162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between gaze behavior and categorization: Does where we look determine what we see
    • M. O. Hartendorp, S. Van der Stigchel, I. Hooge, J. Mostert, T. de Boer, A. Postma, "The relation between gaze behavior and categorization: Does where we look determine what we see" J. Vis., vol. 13, no. 6, p. 6, 2013.
    • (2013) J. Vis. , vol.13 , Issue.6 , pp. 6
    • Hartendorp, M.O.1    Van Der Stigchel, S.2    Hooge, I.3    Mostert, J.4    De Boer, T.5    Postma, A.6
  • 67
    • 79952814300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting eye fixations on complex visual stimuli using local symmetry
    • G. Kootstra, B. de Boer, L. R. B. Schomaker, "Predicting eye fixations on complex visual stimuli using local symmetry," Cognit. Comput., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 223-240, 2011.
    • (2011) Cognit. Comput. , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 223-240
    • Kootstra, G.1    De Boer, B.2    Schomaker, L.R.B.3
  • 68
    • 84930639891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistics of high-level scene context
    • Oct.
    • M. R. Greene, "Statistics of high-level scene context," Frontiers Psychol., vol. 4, p. 777, Oct. 2013.
    • (2013) Frontiers Psychol. , vol.4 , pp. 777
    • Greene, M.R.1
  • 69
    • 84898597694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SalientShape: Group saliency in image collections
    • M.-M. Cheng, N. J. Mitra, X. Huang, S.-M. Hu, "SalientShape: Group saliency in image collections," Vis. Comput., vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 443-453, 2014.
    • (2014) Vis. Comput. , vol.30 , Issue.4 , pp. 443-453
    • Cheng, M.-M.1    Mitra, N.J.2    Huang, X.3    Hu, S.-M.4
  • 71
    • 0021696833 scopus 로고
    • Selective attention and the organization of visual information
    • J. Duncan, "Selective attention and the organization of visual information," J. Experim. Psychol., General, vol. 113, no. 4, pp. 501-517, 1984.
    • (1984) J. Experim. Psychol., General , vol.113 , Issue.4 , pp. 501-517
    • Duncan, J.1
  • 72
    • 0028454446 scopus 로고
    • Shifting visual attention between objects and locations: Evidence from normal and parietal lesion subjects
    • R. Egly, J. Driver, R. D. Rafal, "Shifting visual attention between objects and locations: Evidence from normal and parietal lesion subjects," J. Experim. Psychol., General, vol. 123, no. 2, pp. 161-177, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Experim. Psychol., General , vol.123 , Issue.2 , pp. 161-177
    • Egly, R.1    Driver, J.2    Rafal, R.D.3
  • 73
    • 0028453988 scopus 로고
    • Does visual attention select objects or locations
    • S. P. Vecera and M. J. Farah, "Does visual attention select objects or locations" J. Experim. Psychol., General, vol. 123, no. 2, pp. 146-160, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Experim. Psychol., General , vol.123 , Issue.2 , pp. 146-160
    • Vecera, S.P.1    Farah, M.J.2
  • 74
    • 77958496244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Object-based attention: Shifting or uncertainty
    • L. Drummond and S. Shomstein, "Object-based attention: Shifting or uncertainty" Attention, Perception, Psychophys., vol. 72, no. 7, pp. 1743-1755, 2010.
    • (2010) Attention, Perception, Psychophys. , vol.72 , Issue.7 , pp. 1743-1755
    • Drummond, L.1    Shomstein, S.2
  • 75
    • 77952959057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attention as a decision in information space
    • J. Gottlieb and P. Balan, "Attention as a decision in information space," Trends Cognit. Sci., vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 240-248, 2010.
    • (2010) Trends Cognit. Sci. , vol.14 , Issue.6 , pp. 240-248
    • Gottlieb, J.1    Balan, P.2
  • 77
    • 84897033720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What do saliency models predict
    • K. Koehler, F. Guo, S. Zhang, M. P. Eckstein, "What do saliency models predict" J. Vis., vol. 14, no. 3, p. 14, 2014.
    • (2014) J. Vis. , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 14
    • Koehler, K.1    Guo, F.2    Zhang, S.3    Eckstein, M.P.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.