메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 338, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 119-125

The crucial role of mast cells in blood-brain barrier alterations

Author keywords

Blood brain barrier; Brain; Mast cells; Neurodegenerative diseases

Indexed keywords

ANGIOGENESIS; ANTIANGIOGENIC ACTIVITY; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; BRAIN TUMOR; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASE; DEGENERATIVE DISEASE; HUMAN; MAST CELL; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; ANIMAL; IMMUNOLOGY; METABOLISM; NEOVASCULARIZATION (PATHOLOGY); PATHOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY;

EID: 84942198757     PISSN: 00144827     EISSN: 10902422     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.05.013     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (74)

References (64)
  • 1
    • 0014109002 scopus 로고
    • Fine structural localization of a blood-brain barrier to exogenous peroxidase
    • Reese T.S., Karnovsky M.J. Fine structural localization of a blood-brain barrier to exogenous peroxidase. J. Cell Biol. 1967, 34:207-217.
    • (1967) J. Cell Biol. , vol.34 , pp. 207-217
    • Reese, T.S.1    Karnovsky, M.J.2
  • 2
    • 0028246186 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of tight junction structure in blood-brain barrier endothelial cells. Effects of tissue culture, second messengers and cocultured astrocytes
    • Wolburg H., Neuhaus J., Kniesel U., Krauss B., Schmid E.M., Ocalan M., Farrell C., Risau W. Modulation of tight junction structure in blood-brain barrier endothelial cells. Effects of tissue culture, second messengers and cocultured astrocytes. J. Cell Sci. 1994, 107(Pt 5):1347-1357.
    • (1994) J. Cell Sci. , vol.107 , pp. 1347-1357
    • Wolburg, H.1    Neuhaus, J.2    Kniesel, U.3    Krauss, B.4    Schmid, E.M.5    Ocalan, M.6    Farrell, C.7    Risau, W.8
  • 3
    • 0026502282 scopus 로고
    • Blood-brain barrier pericytes are the main source of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity in brain capillaries
    • Risau W., Dingler A., Albrecht U., Dehouck M.P., Cecchelli R. Blood-brain barrier pericytes are the main source of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity in brain capillaries. J. Neurochem. 1992, 58:667-672.
    • (1992) J. Neurochem. , vol.58 , pp. 667-672
    • Risau, W.1    Dingler, A.2    Albrecht, U.3    Dehouck, M.P.4    Cecchelli, R.5
  • 4
    • 78649487239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pericytes are required for blood-brain barrier integrity during embryogenesis
    • Daneman R., Zhou L., Kebede A.A., Barres B.A. Pericytes are required for blood-brain barrier integrity during embryogenesis. Nature 2010, 468:562-566.
    • (2010) Nature , vol.468 , pp. 562-566
    • Daneman, R.1    Zhou, L.2    Kebede, A.A.3    Barres, B.A.4
  • 6
    • 38149090292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The blood-brain barrier in health and chronic neurodegenerative disorders
    • Zlokovic B.V. The blood-brain barrier in health and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. Neuron 2008, 57:178-201.
    • (2008) Neuron , vol.57 , pp. 178-201
    • Zlokovic, B.V.1
  • 9
    • 0026725330 scopus 로고
    • Interactions of mast cells with the nervous system-recent advances
    • Johnson D., Krenger W. Interactions of mast cells with the nervous system-recent advances. Neurochem. Res. 1992, 17:939-951.
    • (1992) Neurochem. Res. , vol.17 , pp. 939-951
    • Johnson, D.1    Krenger, W.2
  • 10
    • 0018593863 scopus 로고
    • Mast cells in the human brain
    • Dropp J.J. Mast cells in the human brain. Acta Anat. 1979, 105:505-513.
    • (1979) Acta Anat. , vol.105 , pp. 505-513
    • Dropp, J.J.1
  • 11
    • 0025879421 scopus 로고
    • Suggestive evidence for a microanatomical relationship between mast cells and nerve fibres containing substance P, calcitonin gene related peptide, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and somatostatin in the rat mesentery
    • Crivellato E., Damiani D., Mallardi F., Travan L. Suggestive evidence for a microanatomical relationship between mast cells and nerve fibres containing substance P, calcitonin gene related peptide, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and somatostatin in the rat mesentery. Acta Anat. 1991, 141:127-131.
    • (1991) Acta Anat. , vol.141 , pp. 127-131
    • Crivellato, E.1    Damiani, D.2    Mallardi, F.3    Travan, L.4
  • 13
    • 0023332815 scopus 로고
    • Intestinal mucosal mast cells in normal and nematode-infected rat intestines are in intimate contact with peptidergic nerves
    • Stead R.H., Tomioka M., Quinonez G., Simon G.T., Felten S.Y., Bienenstock J. Intestinal mucosal mast cells in normal and nematode-infected rat intestines are in intimate contact with peptidergic nerves. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1987, 84:2975-2979.
    • (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.84 , pp. 2975-2979
    • Stead, R.H.1    Tomioka, M.2    Quinonez, G.3    Simon, G.T.4    Felten, S.Y.5    Bienenstock, J.6
  • 14
    • 79952590728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signal pathways in astrocytes activated by cross-talk between of astrocytes and mast cells through CD40-CD40L
    • Kim D.Y., Hong G.U., Ro J.Y. Signal pathways in astrocytes activated by cross-talk between of astrocytes and mast cells through CD40-CD40L. J. Neuroinflamm. 2011, 8. 25-25.
    • (2011) J. Neuroinflamm. , vol.8 , pp. 25-25
    • Kim, D.Y.1    Hong, G.U.2    Ro, J.Y.3
  • 15
    • 77956198449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signaling pathways in the activation of mast cells cocultured with astrocytes and colocalization of both cells in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
    • Kim D.Y., Jeoung D., Ro J.Y. Signaling pathways in the activation of mast cells cocultured with astrocytes and colocalization of both cells in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. J. Immunol. 2010, 185:273-283.
    • (2010) J. Immunol. , vol.185 , pp. 273-283
    • Kim, D.Y.1    Jeoung, D.2    Ro, J.Y.3
  • 16
    • 0021194252 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the existence of histamine H1- and H2-receptors on astrocytes of cultured rat central nervous system
    • Hosli L., Hosli E., Schneider U., Wiget W. Evidence for the existence of histamine H1- and H2-receptors on astrocytes of cultured rat central nervous system. Neurosci. Lett. 1984, 48:287-291.
    • (1984) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.48 , pp. 287-291
    • Hosli, L.1    Hosli, E.2    Schneider, U.3    Wiget, W.4
  • 17
    • 0035153212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune function of astrocytes
    • Dong Y., Benveniste E.N. Immune function of astrocytes. Glia 2001, 36:180-190.
    • (2001) Glia , vol.36 , pp. 180-190
    • Dong, Y.1    Benveniste, E.N.2
  • 18
    • 77950460129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P2 receptor-mediated signaling in mast cell biology
    • Bulanova E., Bulfone-Paus S. P2 receptor-mediated signaling in mast cell biology. Purinergic Signal. 2010, 6:3-17.
    • (2010) Purinergic Signal. , vol.6 , pp. 3-17
    • Bulanova, E.1    Bulfone-Paus, S.2
  • 21
    • 0028221619 scopus 로고
    • Mast cells in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: characterization, distribution in the CNS and in vitro activation by myelin basic protein and neuropeptides
    • Brenner T., Soffer D., Shalit M., Levi-Schaffer F. Mast cells in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: characterization, distribution in the CNS and in vitro activation by myelin basic protein and neuropeptides. J. Neurol. Sci. 1994, 122:210-213.
    • (1994) J. Neurol. Sci. , vol.122 , pp. 210-213
    • Brenner, T.1    Soffer, D.2    Shalit, M.3    Levi-Schaffer, F.4
  • 22
    • 0025734980 scopus 로고
    • Mast cell proteases liberate stable encephalitogenic fragments from intact myelin
    • Dietsch G.N., Hinrichs D.J. Mast cell proteases liberate stable encephalitogenic fragments from intact myelin. Cell Immunol. 1991, 135:541-548.
    • (1991) Cell Immunol. , vol.135 , pp. 541-548
    • Dietsch, G.N.1    Hinrichs, D.J.2
  • 23
    • 0023879370 scopus 로고
    • The role of mast cells in demyelination. 1. Myelin proteins are degraded by mast cell proteases and myelin basic protein and P2 can stimulate mast cell degranulation
    • Johnson D., Seeldrayers P.A., Weiner H.L. The role of mast cells in demyelination. 1. Myelin proteins are degraded by mast cell proteases and myelin basic protein and P2 can stimulate mast cell degranulation. Brain Res. 1988, 444:195-198.
    • (1988) Brain Res. , vol.444 , pp. 195-198
    • Johnson, D.1    Seeldrayers, P.A.2    Weiner, H.L.3
  • 24
    • 77950517721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mast cells as early responders in the regulation of acute blood-brain barrier changes after cerebral ischemia and hemorrhage
    • Lindsberg P.J., Strbian D., Karjalainen-Lindsberg M.-L. Mast cells as early responders in the regulation of acute blood-brain barrier changes after cerebral ischemia and hemorrhage. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 2010, 30:689-702.
    • (2010) J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. , vol.30 , pp. 689-702
    • Lindsberg, P.J.1    Strbian, D.2    Karjalainen-Lindsberg, M.-L.3
  • 27
    • 15944365107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traumatic brain injury results in mast cell increase and changes in regulation of central histamine receptors
    • Lozada A., Maegele M., Stark H., Neugebauer E.M.A., Panula P. Traumatic brain injury results in mast cell increase and changes in regulation of central histamine receptors. Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. 2005, 31:150-162.
    • (2005) Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. , vol.31 , pp. 150-162
    • Lozada, A.1    Maegele, M.2    Stark, H.3    Neugebauer, E.M.A.4    Panula, P.5
  • 28
    • 84856219802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral mast cells mediate blood-brain barrier disruption in acute experimental ischemic stroke through perivascular gelatinase activation
    • Mattila O.S., Strbian D., Saksi J., Pikkarainen T.O., Rantanen V., Tatlisumak T., Lindsberg P.J. Cerebral mast cells mediate blood-brain barrier disruption in acute experimental ischemic stroke through perivascular gelatinase activation. Stroke 2011, 42:3600-3605.
    • (2011) Stroke , vol.42 , pp. 3600-3605
    • Mattila, O.S.1    Strbian, D.2    Saksi, J.3    Pikkarainen, T.O.4    Rantanen, V.5    Tatlisumak, T.6    Lindsberg, P.J.7
  • 29
    • 33947579557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mast cell blocking reduces brain edema and hematoma volume and improves outcome after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage
    • Strbian D., Tatlisumak T., Ramadan U.A., Lindsberg P.J. Mast cell blocking reduces brain edema and hematoma volume and improves outcome after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 2007, 27:795-802.
    • (2007) J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. , vol.27 , pp. 795-802
    • Strbian, D.1    Tatlisumak, T.2    Ramadan, U.A.3    Lindsberg, P.J.4
  • 31
    • 0000042787 scopus 로고
    • Ueber das Vorkommen der sogneannten Mastzellen bei pathologischen Veraenderungen des Gehirns
    • Neuman J. Ueber das Vorkommen der sogneannten Mastzellen bei pathologischen Veraenderungen des Gehirns. Virchows Arch. Pathol. Anat. Physiol. 1890, 122:378-381.
    • (1890) Virchows Arch. Pathol. Anat. Physiol. , vol.122 , pp. 378-381
    • Neuman, J.1
  • 34
  • 35
    • 0037960323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tryptase activates peripheral blood mononuclear cells causing the synthesis and release of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1 beta: possible relevance to multiple sclerosis
    • Malamud V., Vaaknin A., Abramsky O., Mor M., Burgess L.E., Ben-Yehudah A., Lorberboum-Galski H. Tryptase activates peripheral blood mononuclear cells causing the synthesis and release of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1 beta: possible relevance to multiple sclerosis. J. Neuroimmunol. 2003, 138:115-122.
    • (2003) J. Neuroimmunol. , vol.138 , pp. 115-122
    • Malamud, V.1    Vaaknin, A.2    Abramsky, O.3    Mor, M.4    Burgess, L.E.5    Ben-Yehudah, A.6    Lorberboum-Galski, H.7
  • 36
    • 33646483932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protease-activated receptors: how proteases signal to cells to cause inflammation and pain
    • Bunnett N.W. Protease-activated receptors: how proteases signal to cells to cause inflammation and pain. Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 2006, 32(Suppl 1):S39-S48.
    • (2006) Semin. Thromb. Hemost. , vol.32 , Issue.1 SUPPL , pp. S39-S48
    • Bunnett, N.W.1
  • 37
    • 28444499085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtues and pitfalls of EAE for the development of therapies for multiple sclerosis
    • Steinman L., Zamvil S.S. Virtues and pitfalls of EAE for the development of therapies for multiple sclerosis. Trends Immunol. 2005, 26:565-571.
    • (2005) Trends Immunol. , vol.26 , pp. 565-571
    • Steinman, L.1    Zamvil, S.S.2
  • 38
    • 17644396349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunology of multiple sclerosis
    • Sospedra M., Martin R. Immunology of multiple sclerosis. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2005, 23:683-747.
    • (2005) Annu. Rev. Immunol. , vol.23 , pp. 683-747
    • Sospedra, M.1    Martin, R.2
  • 39
    • 77953639372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meningeal mast cells affect early T cell central nervous system infiltration and blood-brain barrier integrity through TNF: a role for neutrophil recruitment?
    • Sayed B.A., Christy A.L., Walker M.E., Brown M.A. Meningeal mast cells affect early T cell central nervous system infiltration and blood-brain barrier integrity through TNF: a role for neutrophil recruitment?. J. Immunol. 2010, 184:6891-6900.
    • (2010) J. Immunol. , vol.184 , pp. 6891-6900
    • Sayed, B.A.1    Christy, A.L.2    Walker, M.E.3    Brown, M.A.4
  • 40
    • 0034610971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mast cells are essential for early onset and severe disease in a murine model of multiple sclerosis
    • Secor V.H., Secor W.E., Gutekunst C.A., Brown M.A. Mast cells are essential for early onset and severe disease in a murine model of multiple sclerosis. J. Exp. Med. 2000, 191:813-822.
    • (2000) J. Exp. Med. , vol.191 , pp. 813-822
    • Secor, V.H.1    Secor, W.E.2    Gutekunst, C.A.3    Brown, M.A.4
  • 41
    • 33646407864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mast cell IL-4 expression is regulated by Ikaros and influences encephalitogenic Th1 responses in EAE
    • Gregory G.D., Raju S.S., Winandy S., Brown M.A. Mast cell IL-4 expression is regulated by Ikaros and influences encephalitogenic Th1 responses in EAE. J. Clin. Investig. 2006, 116:1327-1336.
    • (2006) J. Clin. Investig. , vol.116 , pp. 1327-1336
    • Gregory, G.D.1    Raju, S.S.2    Winandy, S.3    Brown, M.A.4
  • 43
    • 29744456601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mast cells are required for optimal autoreactive T cell responses in a murine model of multiple sclerosis
    • Gregory G.D., Robbie-Ryan M., Secor V.H., Sabatino J.J., Brown M.A. Mast cells are required for optimal autoreactive T cell responses in a murine model of multiple sclerosis. Eur. J. Immunol. 2005, 35:3478-3486.
    • (2005) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.35 , pp. 3478-3486
    • Gregory, G.D.1    Robbie-Ryan, M.2    Secor, V.H.3    Sabatino, J.J.4    Brown, M.A.5
  • 45
    • 42649118758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The master switch: the role of mast cells in autoimmunity and tolerance
    • Sayed B.A., Christy A., Quirion M.R., Brown M.A. The master switch: the role of mast cells in autoimmunity and tolerance. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2008, 26:705-739.
    • (2008) Annu. Rev. Immunol. , vol.26 , pp. 705-739
    • Sayed, B.A.1    Christy, A.2    Quirion, M.R.3    Brown, M.A.4
  • 46
    • 0141958118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mast cells exert effects outside the central nervous system to influence experimental allergic encephalomyelitis disease course
    • Tanzola M.B., Robbie-Ryan M., Gutekunst C.A., Brown M.A. Mast cells exert effects outside the central nervous system to influence experimental allergic encephalomyelitis disease course. J. Immunol. 2003, 171:4385-4391.
    • (2003) J. Immunol. , vol.171 , pp. 4385-4391
    • Tanzola, M.B.1    Robbie-Ryan, M.2    Gutekunst, C.A.3    Brown, M.A.4
  • 47
    • 79953176981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutting edge: mast cells regulate disease severity in a relapsing-remitting model of multiple sclerosis
    • Sayed B.A., Walker M.E., Brown M.A. Cutting edge: mast cells regulate disease severity in a relapsing-remitting model of multiple sclerosis. J. Immunol. 2011, 186:3294-3298.
    • (2011) J. Immunol. , vol.186 , pp. 3294-3298
    • Sayed, B.A.1    Walker, M.E.2    Brown, M.A.3
  • 48
    • 84864299611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Widesperad immunological functions of mast cells: fact or fiction?
    • Rodewald H.R., Feyerabend T.B. Widesperad immunological functions of mast cells: fact or fiction?. Immunity 2012, 37:13-24.
    • (2012) Immunity , vol.37 , pp. 13-24
    • Rodewald, H.R.1    Feyerabend, T.B.2
  • 49
    • 84869861620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mast cells are important modifiers of autoimmune disease: with so much evidence, why is there still controversy?
    • Brown M.A., Hatfield J.K. Mast cells are important modifiers of autoimmune disease: with so much evidence, why is there still controversy?. Front. Immunol. 2012, 3:147.
    • (2012) Front. Immunol. , vol.3 , pp. 147
    • Brown, M.A.1    Hatfield, J.K.2
  • 50
    • 0034286991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxyzine inhibits experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) and associated brain mast cell activation
    • Dimitriadou V., Pang X., Theoharides T.C. Hydroxyzine inhibits experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) and associated brain mast cell activation. Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 2000, 22:673-684.
    • (2000) Int. J. Immunopharmacol. , vol.22 , pp. 673-684
    • Dimitriadou, V.1    Pang, X.2    Theoharides, T.C.3
  • 51
    • 0024505050 scopus 로고
    • The role of mast cells in the elicitation of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
    • Dietsch G.N., Hinrichs D.J. The role of mast cells in the elicitation of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. J. Immunol. 1989, 142:1476-1481.
    • (1989) J. Immunol. , vol.142 , pp. 1476-1481
    • Dietsch, G.N.1    Hinrichs, D.J.2
  • 54
    • 0033258484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenotype of mast cells in the brain tumor. Capillary hemangioblastoma, Folia neuropathologica/Association of Polish Neuropathologists and Medical Research Centre
    • Maslinska D., Wozniak R., Kaliszek A., Schmidt-Sidor B., Lipska A., Woolley D.E. Phenotype of mast cells in the brain tumor. Capillary hemangioblastoma, Folia neuropathologica/Association of Polish Neuropathologists and Medical Research Centre. Pol. Acad. Sci. 1999, 37:138-142.
    • (1999) Pol. Acad. Sci. , vol.37 , pp. 138-142
    • Maslinska, D.1    Wozniak, R.2    Kaliszek, A.3    Schmidt-Sidor, B.4    Lipska, A.5    Woolley, D.E.6
  • 55
    • 0021124983 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructure of cerebellar capillary hemangioblastoma. II. Mast cells and angiogenesis
    • Ho K.L. Ultrastructure of cerebellar capillary hemangioblastoma. II. Mast cells and angiogenesis. Acta Neuropathol. 1984, 64:308-318.
    • (1984) Acta Neuropathol. , vol.64 , pp. 308-318
    • Ho, K.L.1
  • 56
    • 84885469848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of mast cells and hypoxia inducible factor-1 expression in meningiomas of various grades in correlation with peritumoral brain edema
    • Reszec J., Hermanowicz A., Rutkowski R., Bernaczyk P., Mariak Z., Chyczewski L. Evaluation of mast cells and hypoxia inducible factor-1 expression in meningiomas of various grades in correlation with peritumoral brain edema. J. Neurooncol. 2013, 115:119-125.
    • (2013) J. Neurooncol. , vol.115 , pp. 119-125
    • Reszec, J.1    Hermanowicz, A.2    Rutkowski, R.3    Bernaczyk, P.4    Mariak, Z.5    Chyczewski, L.6
  • 57
    • 30744477950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From angiogenesis to neuropathology
    • Greenberg D.A., Jin K. From angiogenesis to neuropathology. Nature 2005, 438:954-959.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.438 , pp. 954-959
    • Greenberg, D.A.1    Jin, K.2
  • 58
    • 74149084257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased blood vessel density and endothelial cell proliferation in multiple sclerosis cerebral white matter
    • Holley J.E., Newcombe J., Whatmore J.L., Gutowski N.J. Increased blood vessel density and endothelial cell proliferation in multiple sclerosis cerebral white matter. Neurosci. Lett. 2010, 470:65-70.
    • (2010) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.470 , pp. 65-70
    • Holley, J.E.1    Newcombe, J.2    Whatmore, J.L.3    Gutowski, N.J.4
  • 59
    • 0036794017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular endothelial growth factor is expressed in multiple sclerosis plaques and can induce inflammatory lesions in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis rats
    • Proescholdt M.A., Jacobson S., Tresser N., Oldfield E.H., Merrill M.J. Vascular endothelial growth factor is expressed in multiple sclerosis plaques and can induce inflammatory lesions in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis rats. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 2002, 61:914-925.
    • (2002) J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. , vol.61 , pp. 914-925
    • Proescholdt, M.A.1    Jacobson, S.2    Tresser, N.3    Oldfield, E.H.4    Merrill, M.J.5
  • 60
    • 0242667881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular changes in normal appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis are characteristic of neuroprotective mechanisms against hypoxic insult
    • Graumann U., Reynolds R., Steck A.J., Schaeren-Wiemers N. Molecular changes in normal appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis are characteristic of neuroprotective mechanisms against hypoxic insult. Brain Pathol. 2003, 13:554-573.
    • (2003) Brain Pathol. , vol.13 , pp. 554-573
    • Graumann, U.1    Reynolds, R.2    Steck, A.J.3    Schaeren-Wiemers, N.4
  • 61
    • 33750688816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased expression of VEGF-A in rat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and in cerebrospinal fluid mononuclear cells from patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Tham E., Gielen A.W., Khademi M., Martin C., Piehl F. Decreased expression of VEGF-A in rat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and in cerebrospinal fluid mononuclear cells from patients with multiple sclerosis. Scand. J. Immunol. 2006, 64:609-622.
    • (2006) Scand. J. Immunol. , vol.64 , pp. 609-622
    • Tham, E.1    Gielen, A.W.2    Khademi, M.3    Martin, C.4    Piehl, F.5
  • 62
    • 84957955661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First evidence of in vivo pro-angiogenic activity of cerebrospinal fluid samples from multiple sclerosis patients
    • Epub ahead of print
    • Ribatti D., Iaffaldano P., Marinaccio C., Trojano M. First evidence of in vivo pro-angiogenic activity of cerebrospinal fluid samples from multiple sclerosis patients. Clin. Exp. Med. 2014, [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2014) Clin. Exp. Med.
    • Ribatti, D.1    Iaffaldano, P.2    Marinaccio, C.3    Trojano, M.4
  • 64
    • 84924608669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tryptase, a novel angiogenic factor stored in mast cell granules
    • Ribatti D., Ranieri G. Tryptase, a novel angiogenic factor stored in mast cell granules. Exp. Cell Res. 2015, 332:157-162.
    • (2015) Exp. Cell Res. , vol.332 , pp. 157-162
    • Ribatti, D.1    Ranieri, G.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.