Blood pressure level and risk of major cardiovascular events and all-cause of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and renal impairment: an observational study from the Swedish National Diabetes Register

Diabetologia

Volumn 58, Issue 6, 2015, Pages 1203-1211

  Afghahi, Hanri ^a,b,c   Svensson, Maria K ^a,b,c   Pirouzifard, Mirnabi ^a,b,c   Eliasson, Björn ^a,b,c   Svensson, Ann Marie ^a,b,c  

^a SKARABORG HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

^b SAHLGRENSKA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

^c Center of Registers in Region Vastra Götaland   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Blood pressure; Cardiovascular disease; Epidemiology and outcomes; Renal function; Type 2 diabetes

Indexed keywords

AGED; ALBUMINURIA; BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; COMPLICATION; FEMALE; GLOMERULUS FILTRATION RATE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; KIDNEY DISEASE; MALE; MORTALITY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; REGISTER; RISK FACTOR; SWEDEN; VERY ELDERLY;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ALBUMINURIA; BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; FEMALE; GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; KIDNEY DISEASES; MALE; MORTALITY; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; REGISTRIES; RISK FACTORS; SWEDEN;

EID: 84939947678     PISSN: 0012186X     EISSN: 14320428     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3548-1     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Turner RC, Holman RR (1996) The UK Prospective Diabetes Study. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Ann Med 28:439–444
2. Collins R, Peto R, MacMahon S et al (1990) Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Part 2, Short-term reductions in blood pressure: overview of randomised drug trials in their epidemiological context. Lancet 335:827–838
3. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR et al (2003) The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA 289:2560–2572
4. O’Donnell MJ, Xavier D, Liu L et al (2010) Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. Lancet 376:112–123
5. Lewington S, Clarke R, Qizilbash N, Peto R, Collins R, Prospective Studies C (2002) Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet 360:1903–1913
6. Savoia C, Schiffrin EL (2007) Vascular inflammation in hypertension and diabetes: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Clin Sci 112:375–384
7. Cederholm J, Gudbjornsdottir S, Eliasson B et al (2012) Blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes: further findings from the Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR-BP II). J Hypertens 30:2020–2030
8. (1998) Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. BMJ 317: 703–713
9. Patel A, Group AC, MacMahon S et al (2007) Effects of a fixed combination of perindopril and indapamide on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the ADVANCE trial): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 370:829–840
10. Mancia G (2010) Effects of intensive blood pressure control in the management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial. Circulation 122:847–849
11. Cooper-DeHoff RM, Gong Y, Handberg EM et al (2010) Tight blood pressure control and cardiovascular outcomes among hypertensive patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease. JAMA 304:61–68
12. Weber MA, Bakris GL, Hester A et al (2013) Systolic blood pressure and cardiovascular outcomes during treatment of hypertension. Am J Med 126:501–508
13. Anderson RJ, Bahn GD, Moritz TE et al (2011) Blood pressure and cardiovascular disease risk in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial. Diabetes Care 34:34–38
14. Dorresteijn JA, van der Graaf Y, Spiering W et al (2012) Relation between blood pressure and vascular events and mortality in patients with manifest vascular disease: J-curve revisited. Hypertension 59:14–21
15. Hayes W (2013) 2013 American Diabetes Association update: treatment of hypertension in patients with diabetes. S D Med 66:236–237
16. Taler SJ, Agarwal R, Bakris GL et al (2013) KDOQI US commentary on the 2012 KDIGO clinical practice guideline for management of blood pressure in CKD. Am J Kidney Dis 62:201–213
17. Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, Greene T, Rogers N, Roth D (1999) A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group. Ann Intern Med 130:461–470
18. Zethelius B, Eliasson B, Eeg-Olofsson K et al (2011) A new model for 5-year risk of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes, from the Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR). Diabetes Res Clin Pract 93:276–284
19. Ekstrom N, Cederholm J, Zethelius B et al (2013) Aspirin treatment and risk of first incident cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes: an observational study from the Swedish National Diabetes Register. BMJ Open 3:e002688
20. Ludvigsson JF, Andersson E, Ekbom A et al (2011) External review and validation of the Swedish national inpatient register. BMC Public Health 11:450
21. Tunstall-Pedoe H, Kuulasmaa K, Amouyel P, Arveiler D, Rajakangas AM, Pajak A (1994) Myocardial infarction and coronary deaths in the World Health Organization MONICA Project. Registration procedures, event rates, and case-fatality rates in 38 populations from 21 countries in four continents. Circulation 90:583–612
22. Cederholm J, Zethelius B, Eliasson B, Gudbjornsdottir S, Nilsson PM (2012) Different methods to present the effect of blood pressure on cardiovascular diseases by Cox regression. J Hypertens 30:235–237
23. Adler AI, Stratton IM, Neil HA et al (2000) Association of systolic blood pressure with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 36): prospective observational study. BMJ 321:412–419
24. Schrier RW, Estacio RO, Mehler PS, Hiatt WR (2007) Appropriate blood pressure control in hypertensive and normotensive type 2 diabetes mellitus: a summary of the ABCD trial. Nature clinical practice. Nephrology 3:428–438
25. Berl T, Hunsicker LG, Lewis JB et al (2005) Impact of achieved blood pressure on cardiovascular outcomes in the Irbesartan Diabetic Nephropathy Trial. J Am Soc Nephrol 16:2170–2179
26. Mancia G, Schumacher H, Redon J et al (2011) Blood pressure targets recommended by guidelines and incidence of cardiovascular and renal events in the Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial (ONTARGET). Circulation 124:1727–1736
27. Parving HH, Brenner BM, McMurray JJ et al (2012) Cardiorenal end points in a trial of aliskiren for type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 367:2204–2213
28. Fried LF, Emanuele N, Zhang JH et al (2013) Combined angiotensin inhibition for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. N Engl J Med 369:1892–1903
29. Kovesdy CP, Trivedi BK, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Anderson JE (2006) Association of low blood pressure with increased mortality in patients with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 21:1257–1262
30. Busby WJ, Campbell AJ, Robertson MC (1994) Is low blood pressure in elderly people just a consequence of heart disease and frailty? Age Ageing 23:69–74
31. Vepsalainen T, Laakso M, Kantola I, Lehto S, Juutilainen A, Ronnemaa T (2012) Proteinuria modifies the effect of systolic blood pressure on total and cardiovascular disease mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Intern Med 272:611–619
32. Kovesdy CP, Bleyer AJ, Molnar MZ et al (2013) Blood pressure and mortality in U.S. veterans with chronic kidney disease: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med 159:233–242
33. Sesso HD, Stampfer MJ, Rosner B et al (2000) Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, and mean arterial pressure as predictors of cardiovascular disease risk in men. Hypertension 36:801–807
34. Hadaegh F, Shafiee G, Hatami M, Azizi F (2012) Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure for prediction of cardiovascular events and mortality in a Middle Eastern population. Blood Press 21:12–18
35. Franklin SS, Khan SA, Wong ND, Larson MG, Levy D (1999) Is pulse pressure useful in predicting risk for coronary heart Disease? The Framingham heart study. Circulation 100:354–360
36. Assmann G, Cullen P, Evers T, Petzinna D, Schulte H (2005) Importance of arterial pulse pressure as a predictor of coronary heart disease risk in PROCAM. Eur Heart J 26:2120–2126
37. Miura K, Nakagawa H, Ohashi Y et al (2009) Four blood pressure indexes and the risk of stroke and myocardial infarction in Japanese men and women: a meta-analysis of 16 cohort studies. Circulation 119:1892–1898
38. Domanski M, Mitchell G, Pfeffer M et al (2002) Pulse pressure and cardiovascular disease-related mortality: follow-up study of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). JAMA 287:2677–2683
39. Glynn RJ, Chae CU, Guralnik JM, Taylor JO, Hennekens CH (2000) Pulse pressure and mortality in older people. Arch Intern Med 160:2765–2772
40. Rigalleau V, Lasseur C, Raffaitin C et al (2007) Normoalbuminuric renal-insufficient diabetic patients: a lower-risk group. Diabetes Care 30:2034–2039
41. Penno G, Solini A, Bonora E et al (2011) Clinical significance of nonalbuminuric renal impairment in type 2 diabetes. J Hypertens 29:1802–1809
42. Afghahi H, Miftaraj M, Svensson AM et al (2013) Ongoing treatment with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-blocking agents does not predict normoalbuminuric renal impairment in a general type 2 diabetes population. J Diabetes Complicat 27:229–234
43. Svensson MK, Cederholm J, Eliasson B, Zethelius B, Gudbjornsdottir S, Swedish National Diabetes R (2013) Albuminuria and renal function as predictors of cardiovascular events and mortality in a general population of patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide observational study from the Swedish National Diabetes Register. DiabVasc Dis Res 10:520–529
44. Gerstein HC, Mann JF, Yi Q et al (2001) Albuminuria and risk of cardiovascular events, death, and heart failure in diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. JAMA 286:421–426
45. Eguchi K, Pickering TG, Hoshide S et al (2008) Ambulatory blood pressure is a better marker than clinic blood pressure in predicting cardiovascular events in patients with/without type 2 diabetes. Am J Hypertens 21:443–450
46. Dolan E, Stanton A, Thijs L et al (2005) Superiority of ambulatory over clinic blood pressure measurement in predicting mortality: the Dublin outcome study. Hypertension 46:156–161