메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 9, 2015, Pages

Cannabis, Cannabinoids, and Cerebral Metabolism: Potential Applications in Stroke and Disorders of the Central Nervous System

Author keywords

Cannabinoid; Cannabis; Endocannabinoids; Ischemia; Neuroprotection; Stroke

Indexed keywords

2 ARACHIDONOYLGLYCEROL; ANANDAMIDE; CANNABIDIOL; CANNABINOID 1 RECEPTOR; CANNABINOID 2 RECEPTOR; CANNABINOID DERIVATIVE; CANNABINOID RECEPTOR; CANNABIS; DRONABINOL; ENDOCANNABINOID; CANNABINOID; CANNABINOID RECEPTOR AFFECTING AGENT; MEDICAL CANNABIS; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENT;

EID: 84938559911     PISSN: 15233782     EISSN: 15343170     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11886-015-0627-3     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (18)

References (46)
  • 1
    • 30444457225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pertwee RG. Cannabinoid pharmacology: the first 66 years. Br J Pharmacol. 2006;147 Suppl 1:S163–71. This paper provides a historical perspective on the discovery of cannabinoids, cannabinoid pharmacology, and its potential application in health and disease
    • Pertwee RG. Cannabinoid pharmacology: the first 66 years. Br J Pharmacol. 2006;147 Suppl 1:S163–71. This paper provides a historical perspective on the discovery of cannabinoids, cannabinoid pharmacology, and its potential application in health and disease.
  • 2
    • 0033847789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Looking back at cannabis research
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXmtFChsLY%3D, PID: 1090339
    • Mechoulam R. Looking back at cannabis research. Curr Pharm Des. 2000;6(13):1313–22.
    • (2000) Curr Pharm Des , vol.6 , Issue.13 , pp. 1313-1322
    • Mechoulam, R.1
  • 3
    • 77952551436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antidepressant-like effect of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol and other cannabinoids isolated from Cannabis sativa L
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXlvVGlsLc%3D, PID: 2033200
    • El-Alfy AT et al. Antidepressant-like effect of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol and other cannabinoids isolated from Cannabis sativa L. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2010;95(4):434–42.
    • (2010) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.95 , Issue.4 , pp. 434-442
    • El-Alfy, A.T.1
  • 4
    • 0027078685 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and structure of a brain constituent that binds to the cannabinoid receptor
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXpvVKntg%3D%3D, PID: 147091
    • Devane WA et al. Isolation and structure of a brain constituent that binds to the cannabinoid receptor. Science. 1992;258(5090):1946–9.
    • (1992) Science , vol.258 , Issue.5090 , pp. 1946-1949
    • Devane, W.A.1
  • 5
    • 0029012014 scopus 로고
    • Identification of an endogenous 2-monoglyceride, present in canine gut, that binds to cannabinoid receptors
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXmsl2ks7Y%3D, PID: 760534
    • Mechoulam R et al. Identification of an endogenous 2-monoglyceride, present in canine gut, that binds to cannabinoid receptors. Biochem Pharmacol. 1995;50(1):83–90.
    • (1995) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.50 , Issue.1 , pp. 83-90
    • Mechoulam, R.1
  • 6
    • 84866989897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spice drugs are more than harmless herbal blends: a review of the pharmacology and toxicology of synthetic cannabinoids
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhsVequ7fE, PID: 2256160
    • Seely KA et al. Spice drugs are more than harmless herbal blends: a review of the pharmacology and toxicology of synthetic cannabinoids. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2012;39(2):234–43.
    • (2012) Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry , vol.39 , Issue.2 , pp. 234-243
    • Seely, K.A.1
  • 7
    • 84939990598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maccarrone M et al. Endocannabinoid signaling at the periphery: 50 years after THC. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2015;36(5):277–96. This review provides an overview of the discovery of the endocannabinoid system (ECS). In addition, it reviews the potential therapeutic applications of ECS as well as emerging challenges and gaps in knowledge in cannabinoid research
    • Maccarrone M et al. Endocannabinoid signaling at the periphery: 50 years after THC. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2015;36(5):277–96. This review provides an overview of the discovery of the endocannabinoid system (ECS). In addition, it reviews the potential therapeutic applications of ECS as well as emerging challenges and gaps in knowledge in cannabinoid research.
  • 8
    • 78650120798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International union of basic and clinical pharmacology. LXXIX. Cannabinoid receptors and their ligands: beyond CB(1) and CB(2)
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXktler, PID: 2107903
    • Pertwee RG et al. International union of basic and clinical pharmacology. LXXIX. Cannabinoid receptors and their ligands: beyond CB(1) and CB(2). Pharmacol Rev. 2010;62(4):588–631.
    • (2010) Pharmacol Rev , vol.62 , Issue.4 , pp. 588-631
    • Pertwee, R.G.1
  • 9
    • 0025325535 scopus 로고
    • Structure of a cannabinoid receptor and functional expression of the cloned cDNA
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXls1Ghu7w%3D, PID: 216556
    • Matsuda LA et al. Structure of a cannabinoid receptor and functional expression of the cloned cDNA. Nature. 1990;346(6284):561–4.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.346 , Issue.6284 , pp. 561-564
    • Matsuda, L.A.1
  • 10
    • 84895733033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stanley C, O’Sullivan SE. Vascular targets for cannabinoids: animal and human studies. Br J Pharmacol. 2014;171(6):1361–78. This review provides an excellent summary of animal and human in vitro studies on sites of action and vascular targets for cannabinoids and similar compounds
    • Stanley C, O’Sullivan SE. Vascular targets for cannabinoids: animal and human studies. Br J Pharmacol. 2014;171(6):1361–78. This review provides an excellent summary of animal and human in vitro studies on sites of action and vascular targets for cannabinoids and similar compounds.
  • 11
    • 0027515373 scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterization of a peripheral receptor for cannabinoids
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXmsVWiurk%3D, PID: 768970
    • Munro S, Thomas KL, Abu-Shaar M. Molecular characterization of a peripheral receptor for cannabinoids. Nature. 1993;365(6441):61–5.
    • (1993) Nature , vol.365 , Issue.6441 , pp. 61-65
    • Munro, S.1    Thomas, K.L.2    Abu-Shaar, M.3
  • 12
    • 77952623444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CB2: a cannabinoid receptor with an identity crisis
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXpslyrur0%3D, PID: 2059055
    • Atwood BK, Mackie K. CB2: a cannabinoid receptor with an identity crisis. Br J Pharmacol. 2010;160(3):467–79.
    • (2010) Br J Pharmacol , vol.160 , Issue.3 , pp. 467-479
    • Atwood, B.K.1    Mackie, K.2
  • 13
    • 33644837127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of cannabinoid protection from neuronal excitotoxicity
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XisVWqu78%3D, PID: 1629906
    • Kim SH et al. Molecular mechanisms of cannabinoid protection from neuronal excitotoxicity. Mol Pharmacol. 2006;69(3):691–6.
    • (2006) Mol Pharmacol , vol.69 , Issue.3 , pp. 691-696
    • Kim, S.H.1
  • 14
    • 38349144914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pacher P, Hasko G. Endocannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors in ischaemia-reperfusion injury and preconditioning. Br J Pharmacol. 2008;153(2):252–62. This review summarizes the role of endocannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors in various forms of ischemia-reperfusion injury and preconditioning
    • Pacher P, Hasko G. Endocannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors in ischaemia-reperfusion injury and preconditioning. Br J Pharmacol. 2008;153(2):252–62. This review summarizes the role of endocannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors in various forms of ischemia-reperfusion injury and preconditioning.
  • 15
    • 34548241342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The CB1 cannabinoid receptor mediates excitotoxicity-induced neural progenitor proliferation and neurogenesis
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXoslOnt74%3D, PID: 1755636
    • Aguado T et al. The CB1 cannabinoid receptor mediates excitotoxicity-induced neural progenitor proliferation and neurogenesis. J Biol Chem. 2007;282(33):23892–8.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , Issue.33 , pp. 23892-23898
    • Aguado, T.1
  • 16
    • 24644450190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid receptors and their role in neuroprotection
    • van der Stelt M, Di Marzo V. Cannabinoid receptors and their role in neuroprotection. Neuromolec Med. 2005;7(1–2):37–50.
    • (2005) Neuromolec Med , vol.7 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 37-50
    • van der Stelt, M.1    Di Marzo, V.2
  • 17
    • 0037131531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid modulation of sensory neurotransmission via cannabinoid and vanilloid receptors: roles in regulation of cardiovascular function
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xnt1Ghsrk%3D, PID: 1235457
    • Ralevic V et al. Cannabinoid modulation of sensory neurotransmission via cannabinoid and vanilloid receptors: roles in regulation of cardiovascular function. Life Sci. 2002;71(22):2577–94.
    • (2002) Life Sci , vol.71 , Issue.22 , pp. 2577-2594
    • Ralevic, V.1
  • 18
    • 84861040660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capettini LS et al. Update on the role of cannabinoid receptors after ischemic stroke. Mediat Inflamm. 2012;2012:824093. This paper provides an updated review of the current available evidence on the neuroprotective properties of cannabinoids after ischemic stroke in humans and animal models
    • Capettini LS et al. Update on the role of cannabinoid receptors after ischemic stroke. Mediat Inflamm. 2012;2012:824093. This paper provides an updated review of the current available evidence on the neuroprotective properties of cannabinoids after ischemic stroke in humans and animal models.
  • 19
    • 0036307986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-dependent effects of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol on rates of local cerebral glucose utilization in rat
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xlt1Ojsrg%3D, PID: 1211240
    • Freedland CS et al. Dose-dependent effects of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol on rates of local cerebral glucose utilization in rat. Synapse. 2002;45(2):134–42.
    • (2002) Synapse , vol.45 , Issue.2 , pp. 134-142
    • Freedland, C.S.1
  • 20
    • 0142011997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional consequences of the repeated administration of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the rat
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXmsVKnsrg%3D, PID: 1292765
    • Whitlow CT, Freedland CS, Porrino LJ. Functional consequences of the repeated administration of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the rat. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2003;71(2):169–77.
    • (2003) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.71 , Issue.2 , pp. 169-177
    • Whitlow, C.T.1    Freedland, C.S.2    Porrino, L.J.3
  • 21
    • 84872377192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is the cardiovascular system a therapeutic target for cannabidiol?
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXns1Kgug%3D%3D, PID: 2267079
    • Stanley CP, Hind WH, O’Sullivan SE. Is the cardiovascular system a therapeutic target for cannabidiol? Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2013;75(2):313–22.
    • (2013) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.75 , Issue.2 , pp. 313-322
    • Stanley, C.P.1    Hind, W.H.2    O’Sullivan, S.E.3
  • 22
    • 52949119940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hillard CJ. Role of cannabinoids and endocannabinoids in cerebral ischemia. Curr Pharm Des. 2008;14(23):2347–61. This paper provides the hypothesized mechanisms involved in the neuroprotective effects of cannabinoid receptor activation or inhibition
    • Hillard CJ. Role of cannabinoids and endocannabinoids in cerebral ischemia. Curr Pharm Des. 2008;14(23):2347–61. This paper provides the hypothesized mechanisms involved in the neuroprotective effects of cannabinoid receptor activation or inhibition.
  • 23
    • 78650308516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacologically induced hypothermia with cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN55, 212–2 after cardiopulmonary resuscitation
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhsVCktrvO, PID: 2089019
    • Sun S et al. Pharmacologically induced hypothermia with cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN55, 212–2 after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Crit Care Med. 2010;38(12):2282–6.
    • (2010) Crit Care Med , vol.38 , Issue.12 , pp. 2282-2286
    • Sun, S.1
  • 24
    • 84891523121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved cardiac and neurologic outcomes with postresuscitation infusion of cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN55, 212–2 depend on hypothermia in a rat model of cardiac arrest
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhvFyrtb%2FE, PID: 2434654
    • Ma L et al. Improved cardiac and neurologic outcomes with postresuscitation infusion of cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN55, 212–2 depend on hypothermia in a rat model of cardiac arrest. Crit Care Med. 2014;42(1):e42–8.
    • (2014) Crit Care Med , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. e42-e48
    • Ma, L.1
  • 25
    • 84938577530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoids: well-suited candidates for the treatment of perinatal brain injury
    • PID: 2496152
    • Fernandez-Lopez D et al. Cannabinoids: well-suited candidates for the treatment of perinatal brain injury. Brain Sci. 2013;3(3):1043–59.
    • (2013) Brain Sci , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 1043-1059
    • Fernandez-Lopez, D.1
  • 26
    • 77952302634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of cannabinoid 2 receptors protects against cerebral ischemia by inhibiting neutrophil recruitment
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXjtFagsbo%3D, PID: 1988432
    • Murikinati S et al. Activation of cannabinoid 2 receptors protects against cerebral ischemia by inhibiting neutrophil recruitment. FASEB J. 2010;24(3):788–98.
    • (2010) FASEB J , vol.24 , Issue.3 , pp. 788-798
    • Murikinati, S.1
  • 27
    • 84858450937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced infarct size and accumulation of microglia in rats treated with WIN 55,212-2 after neonatal stroke
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xkt1CgsLo%3D, PID: 2228530
    • Fernandez-Lopez D et al. Reduced infarct size and accumulation of microglia in rats treated with WIN 55,212-2 after neonatal stroke. Neuroscience. 2012;207:307–15.
    • (2012) Neuroscience , vol.207 , pp. 307-315
    • Fernandez-Lopez, D.1
  • 28
    • 83655201126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebroprotective effects of TAK-937, a cannabinoid receptor agonist, on ischemic brain damage in middle cerebral artery occluded rats and non-human primates
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhs1Cisb3M, PID: 2211939
    • Suzuki N et al. Cerebroprotective effects of TAK-937, a cannabinoid receptor agonist, on ischemic brain damage in middle cerebral artery occluded rats and non-human primates. Brain Res. 2012;1430:93–100.
    • (2012) Brain Res , vol.1430 , pp. 93-100
    • Suzuki, N.1
  • 29
    • 33747759356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR141716A prevents downregulation of excitotoxic NMDA receptors in the ischemic penumbra
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XosFWrsr4%3D, PID: 1687140
    • Sommer C et al. Neuroprotective cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR141716A prevents downregulation of excitotoxic NMDA receptors in the ischemic penumbra. Acta Neuropathol. 2006;112(3):277–86.
    • (2006) Acta Neuropathol , vol.112 , Issue.3 , pp. 277-286
    • Sommer, C.1
  • 30
    • 40949116660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of the balance between cannabinoid CB(1) and CB(2) receptor activation during cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXktFCntbs%3D, PID: 1830475
    • Zhang M et al. Modulation of the balance between cannabinoid CB(1) and CB(2) receptor activation during cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury. Neuroscience. 2008;152(3):753–60.
    • (2008) Neuroscience , vol.152 , Issue.3 , pp. 753-760
    • Zhang, M.1
  • 31
    • 84855343503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid type 2 receptor activation downregulates stroke-induced classic and alternative brain macrophage/microglial activation concomitant to neuroprotection
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhtVCqsw%3D%3D, PID: 2202003
    • Zarruk JG et al. Cannabinoid type 2 receptor activation downregulates stroke-induced classic and alternative brain macrophage/microglial activation concomitant to neuroprotection. Stroke. 2012;43(1):211–9.
    • (2012) Stroke , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 211-219
    • Zarruk, J.G.1
  • 32
    • 33847043132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CB2 cannabinoid receptors promote mouse neural stem cell proliferation
    • PID: 1732876
    • Molina-Holgado F et al. CB2 cannabinoid receptors promote mouse neural stem cell proliferation. Eur J Neurosci. 2007;25(3):629–34.
    • (2007) Eur J Neurosci , vol.25 , Issue.3 , pp. 629-634
    • Molina-Holgado, F.1
  • 33
    • 84895773741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High hopes for CB(2) receptors in neurogenesis
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXjsVensrc%3D, PID: 2432105
    • Downer EJ. High hopes for CB(2) receptors in neurogenesis. Br J Pharmacol. 2014;171(6):1345–6.
    • (2014) Br J Pharmacol , vol.171 , Issue.6 , pp. 1345-1346
    • Downer, E.J.1
  • 34
    • 33845603466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-psychoactive CB2 cannabinoid agonists stimulate neural progenitor proliferation
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtF2gtLnF, PID: 1701540
    • Palazuelos J et al. Non-psychoactive CB2 cannabinoid agonists stimulate neural progenitor proliferation. FASEB J. 2006;20(13):2405–7.
    • (2006) FASEB J , vol.20 , Issue.13 , pp. 2405-2407
    • Palazuelos, J.1
  • 35
    • 29044436727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of dexanabinol in severe traumatic brain injury: results of a phase III randomised, placebo-controlled, clinical trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xot1GisQ%3D%3D, PID: 1636102
    • Maas AI et al. Efficacy and safety of dexanabinol in severe traumatic brain injury: results of a phase III randomised, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Lancet Neurol. 2006;5(1):38–45.
    • (2006) Lancet Neurol , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 38-45
    • Maas, A.I.1
  • 36
    • 79958265033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabis use, ischemic stroke, and multifocal intracranial vasoconstriction: a prospective study in 48 consecutive young patients
    • PID: 2151218
    • Wolff V et al. Cannabis use, ischemic stroke, and multifocal intracranial vasoconstriction: a prospective study in 48 consecutive young patients. Stroke. 2011;42(6):1778–80.
    • (2011) Stroke , vol.42 , Issue.6 , pp. 1778-1780
    • Wolff, V.1
  • 37
    • 84904523154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High frequency of intracranial arterial stenosis and cannabis use in ischaemic stroke in the young
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhsVeqtrzF, PID: 2505999
    • Wolff V et al. High frequency of intracranial arterial stenosis and cannabis use in ischaemic stroke in the young. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2014;37(6):438–43.
    • (2014) Cerebrovasc Dis , vol.37 , Issue.6 , pp. 438-443
    • Wolff, V.1
  • 38
    • 79953228493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marijuana-based drugs: innovative therapeutics or designer drugs of abuse?
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXkvVehsrc%3D, PID: 2144112
    • Seely KA et al. Marijuana-based drugs: innovative therapeutics or designer drugs of abuse? Mol Interv. 2011;11(1):36–51.
    • (2011) Mol Interv , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 36-51
    • Seely, K.A.1
  • 39
    • 84868128338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting the endocannabinoid system with cannabinoid receptor agonists: pharmacological strategies and therapeutic possibilities
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhvVKgtL3L, PID: 2310855
    • Pertwee RG. Targeting the endocannabinoid system with cannabinoid receptor agonists: pharmacological strategies and therapeutic possibilities. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2012;367(1607):3353–63.
    • (2012) Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci , vol.367 , Issue.1607 , pp. 3353-3363
    • Pertwee, R.G.1
  • 40
    • 84902304606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabidiol: pharmacology and potential therapeutic role in epilepsy and other neuropsychiatric disorders
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXpslKgtL8%3D, PID: 2485432
    • Devinsky O et al. Cannabidiol: pharmacology and potential therapeutic role in epilepsy and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Epilepsia. 2014;55(6):791–802.
    • (2014) Epilepsia , vol.55 , Issue.6 , pp. 791-802
    • Devinsky, O.1
  • 41
    • 83455262550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and side effects of cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa constituent
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XisFGru7Y%3D, PID: 2212931
    • Bergamaschi MM et al. Safety and side effects of cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa constituent. Curr Drug Saf. 2011;6(4):237–49.
    • (2011) Curr Drug Saf , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. 237-249
    • Bergamaschi, M.M.1
  • 42
    • 84893349761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo characterization of the highly selective monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor KML29: antinociceptive activity without cannabimimetic side effects
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXjsVentrk%3D, PID: 2384822
    • Ignatowska-Jankowska BM et al. In vivo characterization of the highly selective monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor KML29: antinociceptive activity without cannabimimetic side effects. Br J Pharmacol. 2014;171(6):1392–407.
    • (2014) Br J Pharmacol , vol.171 , Issue.6 , pp. 1392-1407
    • Ignatowska-Jankowska, B.M.1
  • 43
    • 53149149119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocannabinoid system in food intake and metabolic regulation
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXotFOmtrw%3D, PID: 1860718
    • Jesudason D, Wittert G. Endocannabinoid system in food intake and metabolic regulation. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2008;19(4):344–8.
    • (2008) Curr Opin Lipidol , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 344-348
    • Jesudason, D.1    Wittert, G.2
  • 44
    • 42349102388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central versus peripheral antagonism of cannabinoid CB1 receptor in obesity: effects of LH-21, a peripherally acting neutral cannabinoid receptor antagonist, in Zucker rats
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXlsl2iu7w%3D, PID: 1842651
    • Pavon FJ et al. Central versus peripheral antagonism of cannabinoid CB1 receptor in obesity: effects of LH-21, a peripherally acting neutral cannabinoid receptor antagonist, in Zucker rats. J Neuroendocrinol. 2008;20 Suppl 1:116–23.
    • (2008) J Neuroendocrinol , vol.20 , pp. 116-123
    • Pavon, F.J.1
  • 45
    • 37449007904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The acyclic CB1R inverse agonist taranabant mediates weight loss by increasing energy expenditure and decreasing caloric intake
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXnsFSntw%3D%3D, PID: 1817772
    • Addy C et al. The acyclic CB1R inverse agonist taranabant mediates weight loss by increasing energy expenditure and decreasing caloric intake. Cell Metab. 2008;7(1):68–78.
    • (2008) Cell Metab , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 68-78
    • Addy, C.1
  • 46
    • 79954444738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of “herbal highs” composition
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhvVCqurc%3D, PID: 2131824
    • Zuba D, Byrska B, Maciow M. Comparison of “herbal highs” composition. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2011;400(1):119–26.
    • (2011) Anal Bioanal Chem , vol.400 , Issue.1 , pp. 119-126
    • Zuba, D.1    Byrska, B.2    Maciow, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.