Bilingual advantages in executive functioning either do not exist or are restricted to very specific and undetermined circumstances

Cortex

Volumn 69, Issue , 2015, Pages 265-278

  Paap, Kenneth R ^a   Johnson, Hunter A ^a   Sawi, Oliver ^b  

^a SAN FRANCISCO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANALYSIS OF COVARIANCE; ARTICLE; BILINGUALISM; CLINICAL EVALUATION; CONFLICT MANAGEMENT; CONVERGENT VALIDITY; CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY; DEMENTIA; EFFECT SIZE; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; HUMAN; IMMIGRANT; NEUROIMAGING; SAMPLE SIZE; SOCIAL STATUS; TASK PERFORMANCE; COGNITION; LANGUAGE; MULTILINGUALISM; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PHYSIOLOGY; SOCIOECONOMICS;

COGNITION; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; HUMANS; LANGUAGE; MULTILINGUALISM; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS;

EID: 84938203657     PISSN: 00109452     EISSN: 19738102     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2015.04.014     Document Type: Note

References (82)

1. Abutalebi J., Della Rosa P.A., Green D.W., Hernandez M., Scifo P., Keim R., et al. Bilingualism tunes the anterior cortex for conflict monitoring. Cerebral Cortex 2012, 22(9):2076-2086.
2. Ansaldo A.I., Ghazi-Saidi L., Adrover-Roig D. Interference control in elderly bilinguals: appearances can be misleading. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 2015, 1-16.
3. Antón E., Duñabeitia J.A., Estévez A., Hernández J.A., Castillo A., Fuentes L.J., et al. Is there a bilingual advantage in the ANT task? Evidence from children. Frontiers in Psychology: Language Sciences 2014, 5:1-12.
4. Bakker M., van Dijk A., Wicherts J.M. The rules of the game called psychological science. Perspectives in Psychological Science 2012, 7:534-554.
5. von Bastian C.C., Sousa A.S., Gade M. No evidence for bilingual cognitive advantages: A test of four hypotheses 2015, Manuscript submitted for publication.
6. Bialystok E. Reshaping the mind: the benefits of bilingualism. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology 2011, 65(4):229-235.
7. Bialystok E., Craik F.I.M., Freedman M. Bilingualism as a protection against the onset of dementia. Neuropsychologia 2007, 45(2):459-464.
8. Bialystok E., Craik F.I.M., Grady C., Chau W., Ishii Y., Gunji A., et al. Effects of bilingualism on cognitive control in the Simon task: evidence from MEG. NeuroImage 2005, 24:40-49.
9. Bialystok E., Craik F.I., Klein R., Viswanathan M. Bilingualism, aging, and cognitive control: evidence from the Simon task. Psychology of Aging 2004, 19(2):290-303.
10. Bialystok E., Craik F.I.M., Luk G. Cognitive control and lexical access in younger and older bilinguals. Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition 2008, 34(4):859-873.
11. Bialystok E., Craik F.I.M., Luk G. Bilingualism: consequences for mind and brain. Trends in Cognitive Science 2012, 16(4):240-250.
12. Billig J.D., Scholl A.P. The impact of bilingualism and aging on inhibitory control and working memory. Organon 2011, 39-52.
13. Blom E., Küntay A.C., Messer M., Verhagen J., Leseman P. The benefits of being bilingual: working memory in bilingual Turkish-Dutch children. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 2014, 128:105-119.
14. Blumenfeld H.K., Marian V. Cognitive control in bilinguals: advantages in stimulus-stimulus inhibition. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 2014, 17(3):610-629.
15. de Bruin A., Treccani B., Della Sala S. Cognitive advantage in bilingualism: an example of publication bias. Psychological Science 2015, 26(1):99-107.
16. Calvo A., Bialystok E. Independent effects of bilingualism and socioeconomic status on language ability and executive functioning. Cognition 2014, 130(3):278-288.
17. Carlson S.M., Choi H.P. Bilingual and bicultural: Executive function in Korean and American children. Paper presented at the 2009 biennial meeting of the society for research in child development. Denver, Colorado 2009, April.
18. Chen S.H., Zhou Q., Uchikoshi Y., Bunge S.A. Variations on the bilingual advantage? Links of Chinese and English proficiency to Chinese American children's self regulation. Frontiers in Psychology 2014, 5:1069.
19. Chertkow H., Whitehead V., Phillips N., Wolfson C., Atherton J., Bergman H. Multilingualism (but not always bilingualism) delays the onset of Alzheimer disease: evidence from a bilingual community. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders 2010, 24(2):118-125.
20. Coderre E.L., van Heuven W.J.B. The effect of script similarity on executive control in bilinguals. Frontiers in Psychology. 2014, 5:1070.
21. Cohen J. A power primer. Psychological Bulletin 1992, 112(1):155-159.
22. Costa A., Hernández M., Costa-Faidella J., Sebastián-Gallés N. On the bilingual advantage in conflict processing: now you see it, now you don't. Cognition 2009, 113:135-149.
23. Costa A., Hernández M., Sebastián-Gallés N. Bilingualism aids conflict resolution: evidence from the ANT task. Cognition 2008, 106:59-86.
24. Crane P.K., Gibbons L.E., Arani K., Nguyen V., Rhoads K., McCurry S.M., et al. Midlife use of written Japanese and protection from late life dementia. Epidemiology 2009, 20(5):766-774.
25. Duñabeitia J.A., Hernández J.A., Antón E., Macizo P., Estévez A., Fuentes L.J., et al. The inhibitory advantage in bilingual children revisited. Experimental Physiology 2014, 61(3):234-251.
26. Engel de Abreu P.M.J., Cruz-Santos A., Tourinho C.J., Martin R., Bialystok E. Bilingualism enriches the poor: enhanced cognitive control in low-income minority children. Psychological Science 2012, 23:1364-1371.
27. Espinet S.D., Anderson J.E., Zelazo P.D. N2 amplitude as a neural marker of executive function in young children: an ERP study of children who switch versus perseverate on the dimensional change card sort. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience 2012, (1):S49-S58.
28. Fernandez M., Acosta J., Douglass K., Doshi N., Tartar J.L. Speaking two languages enhances an auditory but not a visual neural marker of cognitive inhibition. AIMS Neuroscience 2014, 1(2):145-157.
29. Friedman N.P., Miyake A. The relations among inhibition and interference control functions: a latent-variable analysis. Journal of Experimental Psychology General 2004, 133(1):101-135.
30. Friedman N.P., Miyake A., Young S.E., DeFries J.C., Corley R.P., Hewitt J.K. Individual differences in executive functions are almost entirely genetic in origin. Journal of Experimental Psychology General 2008, 137:201-225.
31. Fuller-Thomson E. Emerging evidence contradicts the hypothesis that bilingualism delays dementia onset. Cortex 2015, 1-3.
32. Fuller-Thomson E., Kuh D. The healthy migrant effect may confound the link between bilingualism and delayed onset of Alzheimer's disease. Cortex 2014, 52:128-130.
33. Gold B.T., Kim C., Johnson N.F., Kryscio R.J., Smith C.D. Lifelong bilingualism maintains neural efficiency for cognitive control in aging. The Journal of Neuroscience 2013, 33(2):387-439.
34. Hernández M., Martin C.D., Barceló F., Costa A. Where is the bilingual advantage in task-switching?. Journal of Memory and Language 2013, 69:257-276.
35. Hilchey M.D., Klein R.M. Are there bilingual advantages on nonlinguistic interference tasks? Implications for plasticity of executive control processes. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2011, 18:625-658.
36. Hilchey M.D., Saint-Aubin J., Klein R.M. Does bilingual exercise enhance cognitive fitness in non-linguistic executive processing tasks. Cambridge handbook of bilingual processing 2015, Cambridge University Press, in press. J.W. Schwieter (Ed.).
37. Humphrey A.D., Valian V.V. Multilingualism and cognitive control: Simon and flanker task performance in monolingual and multilingual young adults. Presentation at the 53rd annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society. Minneapolis, MN 2012, November.
38. John L.K., Loewenstein G., Prelec D. Measuring the prevalence of questionable research practices with incentives for truth-telling. Psychological Science 2012, 23(5):524-532.
39. Kalia V., Wilbourn M.P., Ghio K. Better early or late? Examining the influence of age of exposure and language proficiency on executive function in early and late bilinguals. Journal of Cognitive Psychology 2014, 26(7):6990713.
40. Kapa L.L., Colombo J. Attentional control in early and later bilingual children. Cognitive Development 2013, 28:233-246.
41. Kirk N.W., Fiala L., Scott-Brown K., Kempe V. No evidence for reduced Simon cost in elderly bilinguals and bidialectals. Journal of Cognitive Psychology 2014, 1-9.
42. Kousaie S., Phillips N.A. Ageing and bilingualism: absence of a "bilingual advantage" in Stroop interference in a nonimmigrant sample. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 2012, 65(2):356-369.
43. Kroll J.F., Bialystok E. Understanding the consequences of bilingualism for language processing and cognition. Journal of Cognitive Psychology 2013, 497-514.
44. Lamm C., Zelazo P.D., Lewis M.D. Neural correlates of cognitive control in childhood and adolescence: disentangling the contributions of age and executive function. Neuropsychologia 2006, 44:2139-2148.
45. Lawton D.M., Gasquoine P.G., Weimer A.A. Age of dementia diagnosis in community dwelling bilingual and monolingual Hispanic Americans. Cortex 2015, 66:141-145.
46. Luk G., Anderson J.A.E., Craik F.I.M., Grady C., Bialystok E. Distinct neural correlates for two types of inhibition in bilinguals: response inhibition versus interference suppression. Brain and Cognition 2010, 74:347-357.
47. Luk G., De Sa E., Bialystok E. Is there a relation between onset age of bilingualism and enhancement of cognitive control?. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 2011, 14:588-595.
48. Mahoney M.J. Publication prejudices: an experimental study of confirmation bias in the peer review system. Cognitive Therapy and Research 1977, 1:161-175.
49. Marzecová A., Asanowicz D., Krivá L., Wodniecka Z. The effects of bilingualism on efficiency and lateralization of attentional networks. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 2013, 16(3):608-623.
50. Mercier J., Pivneva I., Titone D. Individual differences in inhibitory control relate to bilingual spoken word processing. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 2014, 17(1):89-117.
51. Miller G.A., Chapman J.P. Misundertanding analysis of covariance. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2001, 110(1):40-48.
52. Miyake A., Friedman N.P. The nature and organization of individual differences in executive functions: four general conclusions. Current Directions in Psychology 2012, 21(1):8-14.
53. Moradzadeh L., Blumenthal G., Wiseheart M. Musical training, bilingualism, and executive function: a closer look at task switching and dual-task performance. Cognitive Science 2014, 39:1-29.
54. Moreno S., Bialystok E., Wodniecka Z., Alain C. Conflict resolution in sentence processing by bilinguals. Journal of Neurolinguistics 2010, 23:564-579.
55. Morton J.B., Carlson S.M. The bilingual advantage: Evidence and alternative views 2015, Oxford University Press, in press. M. Hoskyn, G. Iarocci, A. Young (Eds.).
56. Morton J.B., Harper S.N. What did Simon say? Revisiting the bilingual advantage. Developmental Science 2007, 10:719-726.
57. Mor B., Yitzhaki-Amsalem S., Prior A. The joint effect of bilingualism and ADHD on executive functions. Journal of Attention Disorders 2014, 19(6):527-541.
58. Paap K.R. The role of componential analysis, categorical hypothesizing, replicability and confirmation bias in testing for bilingual advantages in executive functioning. Journal of Cognitive Psychology 2014, 26(3):242-255.
59. Paap K.R., Darrow J., Dalibar C., Johnson H.A. Effects of script similarity on bilingual advantages in executive control are likely to be negligible or null. Frontiers in Psychology 2015, 5:1539.
60. Paap K.R., Greenberg Z.I. There is no coherent evidence for a bilingual advantage in executive processing. Cognitive Psychology 2013, 66:232-258.
61. Paap K.R., Johnson H.A., Sawi O. Are bilingual advantages dependent upon specific tasks or specific bilingual experiences?. Journal of Cognitive Psychology 2014, 26(6):615-639.
62. Paap K.R., Liu Y. Conflict resolution in sentence processing is the same for bilinguals and monolinguals: the role of confirmation bias in testing for bilingual advantages. Journal of Neurolinguistics 2014, 27(1):50-74.
63. Paap K.R., Sawi O. Bilingual advantages in executive functioning: problems in convergent validity, divergent validity, and the identification of the theoretical constructs. Frontiers in Psychology 2014, 5(962):1-15.
64. Paap K.R., Sawi O., Dalibar C., Darrow J., Johnson H.A. The brain mechanisms underlying the cognitive benefits of bilingualism may be very difficult to discover. AIMS Neuroscience 2014, 1(3):245-256.
65. Paap K.R., Sawi O., Dalibar C., Darrow J., Johnson H.A. Beyond panglossian optimism: larger N2 amplitudes probably signal a bilingual disadvantage in conflict monitoring. AIMS Neuroscience 2015, 2(1):12-17.
66. Pashler H., Harris C.R. Is the replicability crisis overblown? Three arguments examined. Perspectives on Psychological Science 2012, 7:531-536.
67. Pelham S.D., Abrams L. Cognitive advantages and disadvantages in early and late bilinguals. Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition 2014, 40(2):313-325.
68. Prior A., Gollan T. Good language-switchers are good task-switchers: evidence from Spanish-English and Mandarin-English bilinguals. Journal of International Neuropsychological Society 2011, 17:1-10.
69. Prior A., Gollan T.H. The elusive link between language control and executive control: a case of limited transfer. Journal of Cognitive Psychology 2013, 25(5):622-645.
70. Prior A., MacWhinney B. A bilingual advantage in task switching. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 2010, 13:253-262.
71. Rodriguez-Pujada A., Sanjuan A., Ventura-Campos N., Román P., Martin C., Barceló F., et al. Bilinguals use language-control brain areas more than monolinguals to perform non-linguistic switching tasks. PLoS One 2013, 8(9):73028.
72. Rosenthal R. The file drawer problem and tolerance for null results. Psychological Bulletin 1979, 86:638-641.
73. Rouder J.N., Speckman P.L., Sun D., Morey R.D., Iverson G. Bayesian t tests for accepting and rejecting the null hypothesis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2009, 16:225-237.
74. Salthouse T.A. Is flanker-based inhibition related to age? Identifying specific influences of individual differences on neurocognitive variables. Brain and Cognition 2010, 73:51-61.
75. Salvatierra J.L., Rosselli M. The effect of bilingualism and age in inhibitory control. International Journal of Bilingualism 2011, 15:26-37.
76. Sanders A.E., Hall C.B., Katz M.J., Lipton R.B. Non-native language use and risk of incident dementia in the elderly. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 2012, 99-108.
77. Schroeder S.R., Marian V. A bilingual advantage for episodic memory in older adults. Journal of Cognitive Psychology 2012, 24(5):591-601.
78. Shilling V.M., Chetwynd A., Rabbitt P.M.A. Individual inconsistency across measures of inhibition: an investigation of the construct validity of inhibition in older adults. Neuropsychologia 2002, 40:605-619.
79. Tao L., Marzecova A., Taft M., Asanowicz D., Wodniecka Z. The efficiency of attentional networks in early and late bilinguals: the role of age of acquisition. Frontiers in Psychology 2011, 2:123.
80. Unsworth N., Fukuda K., Awh E., Vogel E.K. Working memory and fluid intelligence: capacity, attention control, and secondary memory retrieval. Cognitive Psychology 2014, 71:1-26.
81. Unsworth N., McMillan B.D., Brewer G.A., Spillers G.J. Everyday attention failures: an individual differences investigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition 2012, 38(6):1765-1772.
82. Valian V. Bilingualism and cognition. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 2014, 18(1):3-24.