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Volumn 4, Issue 9, 2015, Pages 1287-1304

Bone as a Structural Material

Author keywords

Aging; Cortical bone; Disease; Strength; Toughness

Indexed keywords

AGING OF MATERIALS; COLLAGEN; CRACK TIPS; DEFORMATION; DISEASES; FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS; HYDROXYAPATITE; TOUGHNESS;

EID: 84932193135     PISSN: 21922640     EISSN: 21922659     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500070     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (169)

References (120)
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    • DHLNL and HLNL are, respectively, dehydro-dihydroxylysinonorleucine and hydroxylysinonorleucine.
    • DHLNL and HLNL are, respectively, dehydro-dihydroxylysinonorleucine and hydroxylysinonorleucine.
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    • Ic, is defined as the critical stress intensity at fracture instability; if measured correctly, it strictly characterizes the crack-initiation toughness.
    • Ic, is defined as the critical stress intensity at fracture instability; if measured correctly, it strictly characterizes the crack-initiation toughness.
  • 34
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    • c, defined as the change in potential energy per unit increase in crack area in an elastic solid. In the presence of local plasticity that is no longer small enough to be ignored, both approaches can also be expressed in terms of the J-integral
    • c, defined as the change in potential energy per unit increase in crack area in an elastic solid. In the presence of local plasticity that is no longer small enough to be ignored, both approaches can also be expressed in terms of the J-integral, defined as the amplitude of the nonlinear elastic stress and displacement fields at the crack tip and/or as the change in potential energy per unit increase in crack area in a nonlinear elastic solid. Where nominally elastic conditions prevail, J = G.
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    • III for mode III in anti-plane shear, as described in greater in Figure .
    • III for mode III in anti-plane shear, as described in greater in Figure .
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    • Comparable effects can occur in bone with aging, irradiation damage and disease where abnormal mineralization, and/or cross-linking profiles within the matrix can reduce the relative inhomogeneity between the bone matrix and the cement lines, again contributing to less deflected crack paths.
    • Comparable effects can occur in bone with aging, irradiation damage and disease where abnormal mineralization, and/or cross-linking profiles within the matrix can reduce the relative inhomogeneity between the bone matrix and the cement lines, again contributing to less deflected crack paths.
  • 95
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    • Woven bone is type of bone structure produced during fast bone growth. It is often present in young individuals or during fracture healing. The overall structure is characterized by a random orientation of collagen and mineral, high mineralization as well as high porosity.
    • Woven bone is type of bone structure produced during fast bone growth. It is often present in young individuals or during fracture healing. The overall structure is characterized by a random orientation of collagen and mineral, high mineralization as well as high porosity.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.