(1→3)-α-d-Glucan hydrolases in dental biofilm prevention and control: A review

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Volumn 79, Issue , 2015, Pages 761-778

  Pleszczyńska, Małgorzata ^a   Wiater, Adrian ^a   Janczarek, Monika ^a   Szczodrak, Janusz ^a  

^a MARIA CURIE SK ODOWSKA UNIVERSITY   (Poland)

Author keywords

(1 3) Glucanase; Control; Dental plaque; Mutan; Mutanase

Indexed keywords

(1-3)ALPHA GLUCAN HYDROLASE; GLUCAN GLUCOSIDASE; POLYSACCHARIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; BACTERIAL PROTEIN; EXO-1,3-ALPHA-GLUCANASE; FUNGAL PROTEIN; GLUCAN; GLYCOSIDASE; ISOENZYME;

BACTERIUM ADHERENCE; BACTERIUM COLONY; BIOFILM; DENTAL HEALTH; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG STRUCTURE; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME ANALYSIS; ENZYME INDUCTION; ENZYME LOCALIZATION; ENZYME PURIFICATION; ENZYME STABILITY; HOST RESISTANCE; HUMAN; INFECTION CONTROL; NONHUMAN; REVIEW; TOOTH PLAQUE; CARBOHYDRATE ANALYSIS; CHEMISTRY; DENTAL PLAQUE; DRUG EFFECTS; ENZYME ACTIVATION; ENZYMOLOGY; GENE EXPRESSION; GENETICS; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; METABOLISM; MICROBIOLOGY; MOLECULAR GENETICS; PATHOLOGY; PHYLOGENY; STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS;

BACTERIAL PROTEINS; BIOFILMS; CARBOHYDRATE SEQUENCE; DENTAL PLAQUE; ENZYME ACTIVATION; FUNGAL PROTEINS; GENE EXPRESSION; GLUCANS; GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASES; HUMANS; ISOENZYMES; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; PHYLOGENY; STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS;

EID: 84930938629     PISSN: 01418130     EISSN: 18790003     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.05.052     Document Type: Review

References (168)

1. Costerton J.W. The Biofilm Primer 2007, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.
2. Klein M.I., Falsetta M.L., Xiao J., Bowen W.H., Koo H. The role of extracellular polysaccharides matrix in virulent oral biofilms. Oral Microbial Ecology: Current Research and New Perspectives 2013, 63-84. Horizon Scientific Press, Norfolk, UK. N.S. Jakubovics, R.J. Palmer (Eds.).
3. Davies D. Understanding biofilm resistance to antibacterial agents. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 2003, 2:114-122.
4. Beikler T., Flemming T.F. Oral biofilm-associated diseases: trends and implications for quality of life, systemic health and expenditures. Periodontology 2011, 2000(55):87-103.
5. Loë H. Oral hygiene in the prevention of caries and periodontal disease. Int. Dent. J. 2000, 50:129-139.
6. Baehni P.C., Takeuchi Y. Anti-plaque agents in the prevention of biofilm-associated oral diseases. Oral Dis. 2003, 9:23-29.
7. Brading M.G., Marsh P.D. The oral environment: the challenge for antimicrobials in oral care products. Int. Dent. J. 2003, 53:353-362.
8. Autio-Gold J. The role of chlorhexidine in caries prevention. Oper. Dent. 2008, 33:710-716.
9. Jones C.G. Chlorhexidine: is it still the gold standard?. Periodontology 1997, 2000(15):55-62.
10. Holt R.D., Murray J.J. Developments in fluoride toothpastes: an overview. Community Dent. Health 1997, 14:4-10.
11. Featherstone J.D. Prevention and reversal of dental caries: role of low level fluorides. Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol. 1999, 27:31-40.
12. Bidault P., Chandad F., Grenier D. Risk of bacterial resistance associated with systemic antibiotic therapy in periodontology. J. Can. Dent. Assoc. 2007, 73:721-725.
13. Chambless J.D., Hunt S.M., Stewart P.S. A three-dimensional computer model of four hypothetical mechanisms protecting biofilms from antimicrobials. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2006, 72:2005-2013.
14. Richards J.J., Melander C. Controlling bacterial biofilms. Chembiochem 2009, 10:2287-2294.
15. Stewart P.S., Costerton J.W. Antibiotic resistance of bacteria in biofilms. Lancet 2001, 358:135-138.
16. Dufour D., Leung V., Lévesque C.V. Bacterial biofilm: structure, function, and antimicrobial resistance. Endodontic Topics 2012, 22:2-16.
17. Sullivan A., Edlund C., Nord C.E. Effect of antimicrobial agents on the ecological balance of human microflora. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2001, 1:101-114.
18. Addy M., Wade W., Goodfield S. Staining and antimicrobial properties in vitro of some chlorhexidine formulations. Clin. Prev. Dent. 1991, 6:13-17.
19. Beaudouin E., Kanny G., Morisset M., Renaudin J.M., Mertes M., Laxenaire M.C., Mouton C., Jacson F., Moneret-Vautrin D.A. Immediate hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine: literature review. Allerg. Immunol. (Paris) 2004, 36:123-126.
20. Allaker R.P., Douglas C.W.I. Novel anti-microbial therapies for dental plaque-related diseases. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 2009, 33:8-13.
21. ten Cate J.M., Zaura E. The numerous microbial species in oral biofilms: how could antibacterial therapy be effective?. Adv. Dent. Res. 2012, 24:108-111.
22. Flemming H.C., Wingender J. The biofilm matrix. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2010, 8:623-633.
23. Filoche S., Wong L., Sissons C.H. Oral biofilms: emerging concepts in microbial ecology. J. Dent. Res. 2010, 89:8-18.
24. Palmer R.J., Darveau R., Lamont R.J., Nyvad B., Teles R.P. Human oral bacterial biofilms: composition, dynamics, and pathogenesis. Biofilm Infections 2011, 35-68. Springer, New York. T. Bjarnsholt, P. Østrup Jensen, C. Moser, N. Høiby (Eds.).
25. Marsh P.D. Dental diseases - are these examples of ecological catastrophes?. Int. J. Dent. Hygiene 2006, 4:3-10.
26. Takahashi N., Nyvad B. Caries ecology revisited: microbial dynamics and the caries process. Caries Res. 2008, 42:409-418.
27. Duarte S., Klein M.I., Aires C.P., Cury J.A., Bowen W.H., Koo H. Influences of starch and sucrose on Streptococcus mutans biofilms. Oral Microbiol. Immunol. 2008, 23:206-212.
28. Paes Leme A.F., Koo H., Bellato C.M., Bedi G., Cury J.A. The role of sucrose in cariogenic dental biofilm formation - new insight. J. Dent. Res. 2006, 85:878-887.
29. Huang R., Li M., Gregory R.L. Bacterial interactions in dental biofilm. Virulence 2011, 2:435-444.
30. Kolenbrander P.E., London J. Adhere today, here tomorrow: oral bacterial adherence. J. Bacteriol. 1993, 175:3247-3252.
31. Rosan B., Lamont R.J. Dental plaque formation. Microb. Infect. 2000, 2:1599-1607.
32. Zijnge V., van Leeuwen M.B.M., Degener J.E., Abbas F., Thurnheer T., Gmür R., Harmsen H.J.M. Oral biofilm architecture on natural teeth. PLoS ONE 2010, 5:e9321.
33. Hannig M., Joiner A. The structure, function and properties of the acquired pellicle. Monogr. Oral Sci. 2006, vol. 19:29-64. Karger, Basel. R.M. Duckworth (Ed.).
34. Hannig C., Hannig M. The oral cavity - a key system to understand substratum-dependent bioadhesion on solid surfaces in man. Clin. Oral Investig. 2009, 13:123-139.
35. Kolenbrander P.E., Andersen R.N., Blehert D.S., Egland P.G., Foster J.S., Palmer R.J. Communication among oral bacteria. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 2002, 66:486-505.
36. Palmer R.J., Diaz P.I., Kolenbrander P.E. Rapid succession within the Veillonella population of a developing human oral biofilm in situ. J. Bacteriol. 2006, 188:4117-4124.
37. Cate J.M. Biofilms, a new approach to the microbiology of dental plaque. Odontology 2006, 94:1-9.
38. Jakubovics N.S., Kolenbrander P.E. The road to ruin: the formation of disease-associated oral biofilms. Oral Dis. 2010, 16:729-739.
39. Schachter B. Slimy business - the biotechnology of biofilms. Nat. Biotechnol. 2003, 21:361-365.
40. Wood S.R., Kirkham J., Marsh P.D., Shore R.C., Natress B., Robinson C. Architecture of intact natural human biofilms studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy. J. Dent. Res. 2000, 79:21-27.
41. Kaplan J.B. Biofilm dispersal: mechanisms, clinical implications, and potential therapeutic uses. J. Dent. Res. 2010, 89:205-218.
42. Koo H., Falsetta M.L., Klein M.I. The exopolysaccharide matrix: a virulence determinant of cariogenic biofilm. J. Dent. Res. 2013, 92:1065-1073.
43. Xiao J., Klein M.I., Falsetta M.L., Lu B., Delahunty C.M., Yates J.R., Heydorn A., Koo H. The exopolysaccharide matrix modulates the interaction between 3D architecture and virulence of a mixed-species oral biofilm. PLoS Pathogens 2012, 8:e1002623.
44. Hotz P., Guggeheim B., Schmid R. Carbohydrates in pooled dental plaque. Caries Res. 1972, 6:103-121.
45. Aires C.P., Tenuta L.M., Carbonero E.R., Sassaki G.L., Iacomini M., Cury J.A. Structural characterization of exopolysaccharides from biofilm of a cariogenic streptococci. Carbohydr. Polym. 2011, 84:1215-1220.
46. Davis H.M., Hines H.B., Edwards J.R. Structural elucidation of a water-insoluble glucan produced by a cariogenic oral Streptococcus. Carbohydr. Res. 1986, 156:69-77.
47. Russell R.R.B. Bacterial polysaccharides in dental plaque. Bacterial Polysaccharides. Current Innovations and Future Trends 2009, 143-156. Caister Academic Press, Norfolk, UK. M. Ullrich (Ed.).
48. Shibata S., Goldstein I.J., Kirkland J.J. Structure of a water-insoluble d-glucan isolated from a streptococcal organism. Carbohydr. Res. 1983, 120:77-84.
49. Wiater A., Choma A., Szczodrak J. Insoluble glucans synthesized by cariogenic streptococci: a structural study. J. Basic Microbiol. 1999, 39:265-273.
50. Wiater A., Pleszczyńska M., Próchniak K., Szczodrak J. Structural diversity of streptococcal mutans synthesized under different culture and environmental conditions and its effect on mutanase synthesis. Molecules 2012, 17:11800-11815.
51. Rees D.A., Scott W.E. Polysaccharide conformation. Part VI. Computer model-building for linear and branched pyranoglycans. Correlations with biological function. Preliminary assessment of inter-residue forces in aqueous solution. Further interpretation of optical rotation in terms of chain conformation. J. Chem. Soc. 1971, B:469-479.
52. Eifuku H., Yoshimitsu-Narita A., Sato S., Yakushiji T., Inoue M. Production and partial characterization of the extracellular polysaccharides from oral Streptococcus salivarius. Carbohydr. Res. 1989, 194:247-260.
53. Tsumori H., Kuramitsu H. The role of Streptococcus mutans glucosyltransferases in the sucrose-dependent attachment to smooth surfaces: essential role of the GtfC. Oral Microbiol. Immunol. 1997, 12:274-280.
54. Cross S.E., Kreth J., Zhu L., Sullivan R., Shi W., Qi F., Gimzewski J.K. Nanomechanical properties of glucans and associated cell-surface adhesion of Streptococcus mutans probed by atomic force microscopy under in situ conditions. Microbiology 2007, 153:3124-3132.
55. Hare M.D., Svensson S., Walker G.J. Characterization of the extracellular, water-insoluble α-d-glucans of oral Streptococci by methylation analysis and by enzymic synthesis and degradation. Carbohydr. Res. 1978, 66:245-264.
56. Khalikova E., Susi P., Korpela T. Microbial dextran-hydrolyzing enzymes: fundamentals and applications. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 2005, 69:306-325.
57. Sutherland I.W. Biofilm exopolysaccharides: a strong and sticky framework. Microbiology 2001, 147:3-9.
58. Aoki A., Shiroza T., Hayakawa M., Sato S., Kuramitsu H.K. Cloning of a Streptococcus mutans gene coding for insoluble glucan synthesis. Infect. Immun. 1986, 53:587-594.
59. Hanada N., Kuramitsu H.K. Isolation and characterization of the Streptococcus mutans gtfC gene, coding for synthesis of both soluble and insoluble glucans, Infect. Immun. 1988, 56:1999-2005.
60. Hanada N., Kuramitsu H.K. Isolation and characterization of the Streptococcus mutans gtfD gene, coding for primer-dependent soluble glucan synthesis. Infect. Immun. 1989, 57:2079-2085.
61. Bowen W.H., Koo H. Biology of Streptococcus mutans-derived glucosyltransferases: role in extracellular matrix formation of cariogenic biofilms. Caries Res. 2011, 45:69-86.
62. Mattos-Graner R.O., Smith D.J., King W.F., Mayer M.P.A. Water-insoluble glucan synthesis by mutans streptococcal strains correlates with caries incidence in 12-to 30-month-old children. J. Dent. Res. 2000, 79:1371-1377.
63. Yamashita Y., Bowen W.H., Burne R.A., Kuramitsu H.K. Role of the Streptococcus mutans gtf genes in caries induction in the specific-pathogen-free rat model. Infect. Immun. 1993, 61:3811-3817.
64. Koo H., Xiao J., Klein M.I., Jeon J.G. Exopolysaccharides produced by Streptococcus mutans glucosyltransferases modulate the establishment of microcolonies within multispecies biofilms. J. Bacteriol. 2010, 192:3024-3032.
65. Vacca-Smith A.M., Bowen W.H. Binding properties of streptococcal glucosyltransferases for hydroxyapatite, saliva-coated hydroxyapatite, and bacterial surfaces. Arch. Oral Biol. 1998, 43:103-110.
66. Schilling K.M., Bowen W.H. Glucans synthesized in situ in experimental salivary pellicle function as specific binding sites for Streptococcus mutans. Infect. Immun. 1992, 60:284-295.
67. Dibdin G.H., Shellis R.P. Physical and biochemical studies of Streptococcus mutans sediments suggest new factors linking the cariogenicity of plaque with its extracellular polysaccharide content. J. Dent. Res. 1988, 67:890-895.
68. Simões M., Simões L.S., Vieira M.J. A review of current and emergent biofilm control strategies. LWT - Food Sci. Technol. 2010, 48:573-583.
69. Thallinger B., Prasetyo E.N., Nyanhango G.S., Guebitz G.M. Antimicrobial enzymes: an emerging strategy to fight microbes and microbial biofilms. Biotechnol. J. 2013, 8:97-109.
70. Choma A., Wiater A., Komaniecka I., Paduch R., Pleszczyńska M., Szczodrak J. Chemical characterization of a water insoluble (1→3)-α-d-glucan from an alkaline extract of Aspergillus wentii. Carbohydr. Polym. 2013, 91:603-608.
71. Synytsya A., Novák M. Structural diversity of fungal glucans. Carbohydr. Polym. 2013, 92:792-809.
72. Takahashi N., Satoh Y., Takamori K. Subcellular localization of d-glucanases in Bacteroides oralis Ig4a. J. Gen. Microbiol. 1985, 131:1077-1082.
73. Sanz L., Montero M., Redondo J., Llobell A., Monte E. Expression of an α-1,3-glucanase during mycoparasitic interaction of Trichoderma asperellum. FEBS J. 2005, 272:493-499.
74. Wei H., Scherer M., Singh A., Liese R., Fischer R. Aspergillus nidulans α-1,3 glucanase (mutanase), mutA, is expressed during sexual development and mobilizes mutan. Fungal Genet. Biol. 2001, 34:217-227.
75. Zonneveld B.J.M. Morphogenesis in Aspergillus nidulans. The significance of α-1,3-glucan of the cell wall and α-1,3-glucanase for cleistothecium development. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1972, 273:174-187.
76. Dekker N., Speijer D., Grün C.H., van den Berg M., de Haan A., Hochstenbach F. Role of the α-glucanase Agn1p in fission-yeast cell separation. Mol. Biol. Cell 2004, 15:3903-3914.
77. Dekker N., van Rijssel J., Distel B., Hochstenbach F. Role of the α-glucanase Agn2p in ascus-wall endolysis following sporulation in fission yeast. Yeast 2007, 24:279-288.
78. Ait-Lahsen H., Soler A., Rey M., de la Cruz J., Monte E., Llobell A. An antifungal exo-α-1,3-glucanase (AGN13.1) from the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2001, 67:5833-5839.
79. Fuglsang C.C., Berka R.M., Wahleithner J.A., Kauppinen S., Shauster J.R., Rasmussent G., Halkier T., Dalbøge H., Hanrissat B. Biochemical analysis of recombinant fungal mutanases. A new family of α-1,3-glucanases with novel carbohydrate-binding domains. J. Biol. Chem. 2000, 275:2009-2018.
80. Guggenheim B., Haller R. Purification and properties of an α-(1→3) glucanohydrolase from Trichoderma harzianum. J. Dent. Res. 1972, 51:394-402.
81. Wiater A., Szczodrak J. Selection of strain and optimization of mutanase production in submerged cultures of Trichoderma harzianum. Acta Biol. Hung. 2002, 53:389-401.
82. Hasegawa S., Nordin J.H., Kirkwood S. Enzymes that hydrolyze fungal cell wall polysaccharides. I. Purification and properties of an endo-α-d-(1→3)-glucanase from Trichoderma viride. J. Biol. Chem. 1969, 244:5460-5470.
83. Tsunoda A., Nagaki T., Sakano Y., Kobayashi T. Purification and properties of an exo-alpha-1,3-glucanase from Trichoderma viride. Agric. Biol. Chem. 1977, 41:939-943.
84. Reyes F., Lahoz R., Vazquez C. Lytic enzymes in the autolysis of Schizophyllum commune with special reference to 1,3-α-glucanase. Can. J. Microbiol. 1980, 26:1120-1125.
85. San-Blas G., Moreno B., Calcagno A.M., San-Blas F. Lysis of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis by Zygosporium germinatum. Med. Mycol. 1998, 36:75-79.
86. Shalom G., Pratten J., Wilson M., Nair S.P. Cloning, heterologous gene expression and biochemical characterization of the α-1,3-glucanase from the filamentous fungus Penicillium purpurogenum. Protein Expres. Purif. 2008, 60:170-175.
87. Hasegawa S., Kirkwood S., Nordin J.H. An alpha-1,3-glucanase from a fungal source. Chem. Ind. 1966, 25:1033.
88. Reese E.T., Maguire A.F., Parrish W. 1,3-Glucanases of fungi and their relationship to mycodextranase. Proc. 4th Int. Ferm. Symp 1972, 735-742.
89. Guggenheim B. Enzymatic hydrolysis and structure of water-insoluble glucan produced by glucosyltransferases from a strain of streptococcus mutans. Helv. Odontol. Acta 1970, 14:89-108.
90. Villalobos-Duno H., San-Blas G., Paulinkevicius M., Sánchez-Martín Y., Nino-Vega G. Biochemical characterization of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis α-1,3-glucanase Agn1p, and its functionality by heterologous expression in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. PLoS ONE 2013, 8:e66853.
91. Meyer M.T., Phaff H.J. Survey for α-(1→3)glucanase activity among yeasts. J. Bacteriol. 1977, 131:702-706.
92. Takahashi N., Horikawa T., Mizuno F., Takamori K. Insoluble glucan hydrolyzing enzymes from oral bacteroides. Bull. Tokyo Med. Dent. Univ. 1980, 27:79-88.
93. Chung J., Kim H.-H., Shin J.-H., Lee H.-C., Lee Z.H., Oh J.S. Identification of mutanase-producing Microbispora rosea from the soil of Chonnam province. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2001, 11:677-684.
94. Ebisu S., Kato K., Kotani S., Misaki A. Isolation and purification of Flavobacterium alpha-1,3-glucanase-hydrolyzing, insoluble, sticky glucan of Streptococcus mutans. J. Bacteriol. 1975, 124:1489-1501.
95. Simonson L.G., Lambert B.L., Reiher D.A. Production of α-1,3-glucanase by a new bacterial source (Pseudomonas). Microbios Lett. 1980, 14:107-112.
96. Lee Z.-H., Chung Ch.-H. Isolation and preliminary studies on mutanase-producing Actinomycetes. J. Oral Biol. 1993, 17:45-49.
97. Pleszczyńska M., Marek-Kozaczuk M., Wiater A., Szczodrak J. Paenibacillus strain MP-1: a new source of mutanase. Biotechnol. Lett. 2007, 29:755-759.
98. Tsumori H., Shimamura A., Sakurai Y., Yamakami K. Mutanase of Paenibacillus humicus from fermented food has a potential for hydrolysis of biofilms synthesized by Streptococcus mutans. J. Health Sci. 2011, 57:420-424.
99. Suyotha W., Yano S., Itoh T., Fujimoto H., Hibi T., Tachiki T., Wakayama M. Characterization of α-1,3-glucanase isozyme from Paenibacillus glycanilyticus FH11 in a new subgroup of family 87 α-1,3-glucanase. J. Biosci. Bioeng. 2014, 118:378-385.
100. Hakamada Y., Sumitomo N., Ogawa A., Kawano T., Saeki K., Ozaki K., Ito S., Kobayashi T. Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of mutanase-like genes from Paenibacillus isolates: Proposal of a new family of glycoside hydrolases. Biochimie 2008, 90:525-533.
101. Shimotsuura I., Kigawa H., Ohdera M., Kuramitsu H.K., Nakashima S. Biochemical and molecular characterization of a novel type of mutanase from Paenibacillus sp. strain RM1: Identification of its mutan-binding domain, essential for degradation of Streptococcus mutans biofilms. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2008, 74:2759-2765.
102. Sumitomo N., Saeki K., Ozaki K., Ito S., Kobayashi T. Mutanase from a Paenibacillus isolate: nucleotide sequence of the gene and properties of recombinant enzymes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2007, 1770:716-724.
103. Imai K., Kikuta T., Kobayashi M., Matsuda K. An α-1,3-glucanase from Streptomyces sp. KI-8. Production and purification. Agric. Biol. Chem. 1977, 41:1339-1346.
104. Matsuda S., Kawanami Y., Takeda H., Ooi T., Kinoshita S. Purification and properties of mutanase from Bacillus circulans. J. Ferment. Bioeng. 1997, 83:593-595.
105. Meyer M.T., Phaff H.J. Purification and properties of (1→3)-α-glucanases from Bacillus circulans WL-12. J. Gen. Microbiol. 1980, 118:197-208.
106. Mizuno K., Kimura O., Tachiki T. Protoplast formation from Schizophyllum commune by a culture filtrate of Bacillus circulans KA-304 grown on a cell-wall preparation of S. commune as a carbon source. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 1997, 61:852-857.
107. Yano S., Yamamoto S., Toge T., Wakayama M., Tachiki T. Occurrence of a specific protein in Basidiomycete-lytic enzyme preparation produced by Bacillus circulans KA-304 inductively with a cell-wall preparation of Schizophyllum commune. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2003, 67:1976-1982.
108. Inoue M., Egami T., Yokogawa K., Kotani H., Morioka T. Isolation, identification and some cultural conditions of Streptomyces species that produce water-insoluble polyglucan hydrolase. Agric. Biol. Chem. 1975, 39:1391-1400.
109. Wiater A., Szczodrak J., Pleszczyńska M., Próchniak K. Production and use of mutanase from Trichoderma harzianum for effective degradation of streptococcal mutans. Braz. J. Microbiol. 2005, 36:137-146.
110. Wiater A., Szczodrak J., Pleszczyńska M. Mutanase induction in Trichoderma harzianum by cell wall of Laetiporus sulphureus and its application for mutan removal from oral biofilms. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2008, 18:1335-1341.
111. Wiater A., Szczodrak J., Pleszczyńska M. Optimization of conditions for the efficient production of mutan in streptococcal cultures and post-culture liquids. Acta Biol. Hung. 2005, 56:137-150.
112. Grün C.H., Hochstenbach F., Sietsma J.H., Klis F.M., Kamerling J.P., Vliegenthart J.F.G. Evidence for two conserved mechanisms of cell-wall α-glucan biosynthesis in fungi. Structure and Biosynthesis of Fungal α-Glucans 2003, 116-132. University of Utrecht. C.H. Grün (Ed.).
113. Yano S., Wakayama M., Tachiki T. Cloning and expression of an α-1,3-glucanase gene from Bacillus circulans KA-304: the enzyme participates in protoplast formation of Schizophyllum commune. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2006, 70:1754-1763.
114. Suyotha W., Yano S., Takagi K., Rattanakit-Chandet N., Tachiki T., Wakayama M. Domain structure and function of α-1, 3-glucanase from Bacillus circulans KA-304, an enzyme essential for degrading Basidiomycete cell walls. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2013, 77:639-647.
115. Pleszczyńska M., Wiater A., Szczodrak J. Mutanase from Paenibacillus sp. MP-1 produced inductively by fungal α-1, 3-glucan and its potential for the degradation of mutan and Streptococcus mutans biofilm. Biotechnol. Lett. 2010, 32:1699-1704.
116. Jelsma J., Kreger D.R. Observations of the cell-wall compositions of the bracket fungi Laetiporus sulphureus and Piptoporus betulinus. Arch. Microbiol. 1978, 119:249-253.
117. Pleszczyńska M., Wiater A., Siwulski M., Szczodrak J. Successful large-scale production of fruiting bodies of Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.: Fr.) Murrill on an artificial substrate. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2013, 29:753-758.
118. Quivey R.G., Kriger P.S. Raffinose-induced mutanase production from Trichoderma harzianum. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 1993, 112:307-312.
119. Wiater A., Szczodrak J., Pleszczyńska M. Enhancement of mutanase production in Trichoderma harzianum by mutagenesis. Acta Biol. Hung. 2006, 57:123-132.
120. Pleszczyńska M., Wiater A., Skowronek M., Szczodrak J. Purification and characterization of mutanase produced by Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus MP-1. Prep. Biochem. Biotechnol. 2012, 42:335-347.
121. Takehara T., Inoue M., Morioka T., Yokogawa K. Purification and properties of endo-alpha-1,3-glucanase from a Streptomyces chartreusis strain. J. Bacteriol. 1981, 145:729-735.
122. Tsunoda A., Sakano Y., Kobayashi T. Purification and properties of an exo-α-1,3-glucanase from Cladosporium resinae. Agric. Biol. Chem. 1978, 42:1045-1053.
123. Lamberts B.L., Simonson L.G., Pederson E.D., Gaugler R.W. A new method for the detection and assay of α-1,3-glucanases. Anal. Biochem. 1981, 117:320-326.
124. Wiater A., Szczodrak J., Rogalski J. J. Purification and characterization of extracellular mutanase from Trichoderma harzianum. Mycol. Res. 2001, 105:1357-1363.
125. Wiater A., Pleszczyńska M., Rogalski J., Szajnecka J., Szczodrak J. Purification and properties of an α-(1→3)-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.84) from Trichoderma harzianum and its use for reduction of artificial dental plaque accumulation. Acta Biochim. Pol. 2013, 60:123-128.
126. Imai K., Kobayashi M., Matsuda K. Properties of an α-1,3-glucanase from Streptomyces sp. KI-8. Agric. Biol. Chem. 1977, 41:1889-1895.
127. Simonson L.G., Gaugler R.W., Lambert B.L., Reiher D.A. Purification and properties of endo-1, 3-α-d-glucanase from Pseudomonas. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1982, 715:189-195.
128. Pleszczyńska M., Boguszewska A., Tchórzewski M., Wiater A., Szczodrak J. Gene cloning, expression, and characterization of mutanase from Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus MP-1. Protein Expres. Purif. 2012, 86:68-74.
129. Tsumori H., Shimamura A., Sakurai Y., Yamakami K. Substrate specificity of mutanase of Paenibacillus humicus from fermented food. J. Health Sci. 2011, 57:78-81.
130. Grün C.H., Nieuwland A.A., Klis F.M., Kamerling J.P., Vliegenthart J.F.G., Hochstenbach F. Mechanism of action of the endo-(1→3)-α-glucanase MutAp from the mycoparasitic fungus Trichoderma harzianum. FEBS Lett. 2006, 580:3780-3786.
131. Breyer W.A., Matthews B.W. A structural basis for processivity. Prot. Sci. 2001, 10:1699-1711.
132. Bourne Y., Henrissat B. Glycoside hydrolases and glycosyltransferases: families and functional modules. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 2001, 11:593-600.
133. Wiater A., Janczarek M., Pleszczyńska M., Szczodrak J. Identification and characterization of the Trichoderma harzianum gene encoding α-1,3 glucanase involved in streptococcal mutan degradation. Pol. J. Microbiol. 2011, 60:293-301.
134. Bajaj I., Veiga T., van Dissel D., Pronk J.T., Daran J.M. Functional characterization of a Penicillium chrysogenum mutanase gene induced upon co-cultivation with Bacillus subtilis. BMC Microbiol. 2014, 14:114-129.
135. Tsumori H., Kawauti T., Shimamura A., Hanada N., Sakurai Y., Yamakami K. Cloning and expression of the mutanase gene of Paenibacillus humicus from fermented food. J. Health Sci. 2010, 56:456-461.
136. Walker G.J., Hare M.D. Metabolism of the polysaccharides of human dental plaque. Part II. Purification and properties of Cladosporium resinae (1→3)-α-d-glucanase, and the enzymic hydrolysis of glucans synthesised by extracellular d-glucosyltransferases of oral streptococci. Carbohydr. Res. 1977, 58:415-432.
137. Wiater A., Janczarek M., Choma A., Próchniak K., Komaniecka I., Szczodrak J. Water-soluble (1→3), (1→4)-α-d-glucan from mango as a novel inducer of cariogenic biofilm-degrading enzyme. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2013, 58:199-205.
138. Wiater A., Szczodrak J., Rogalski J. Hydrolysis of mutan and prevention of its formation in streptococcal films by fungal α-d-glucanases. Process Biochem. 2004, 39:1481-1489.
139. Ryu S.-J., Kim D., Ryu H.-J., Chiba S., Kimura A., Day D.F. Purification and partial characterization of a novel glucanhydrolase from Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 and its use for inhibition of insoluble glucan formation. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2000, 64:223-228.
140. Kim D., Ryu S.-J., Son E.-J., Chung H.-J., Kim S.-H., Kim D.-W., Day D.F. Glucanhydrolase from Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 as a potential mouthwash ingredient. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2002, 12:993-997.
141. Garcia I., Jiménez D., Martin V., Durán A., Sánchez Y. The α-glucanase Agn1p is required for cell separation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Biol. Cell 2005, 97:569-576.
142. Inoue M., Yakushiji T., Katsuki M., Kudo N., Koga T. Reduction of the adherence of Streptococcus sobrinus insoluble α-d-glucan by endo-(1→3)-α-d-glucanase. Carbohydr. Res. 1988, 182:277-286.
143. Lebeaux D., Chauhan A., Rendueles O., Beloin C. From in vitro to in vivo models of bacterial biofilm-related infections. Pathogens 2013, 2:288-356.
144. Hayacibara M.F., Koo H., Vacca Smith A.M., Kopec L.K., Scott-Anne K., Cury J.A., Bowen W.H. The influence of mutanase and dextranase on the production and structure of glucans synthesized by streptococcal glucosyltransferases. Carbohydr. Res. 2004, 339:2127-2137.
145. Wiater A., Pleszczyńska M., Szczodrak J., Bachanek T. Usuwanie płytki protez przez wybrane enzymy glukanolityczne. Dent. Med. Probl. 2005, 42:241-247.
146. Guggenheim B., Regolati B., Riethe P., Weller H.K. Dosis und kariostatische Wirkung von Mutanase im Rattenversuch. Dtsch. Zahnarztl. Z. 1975, 30:611-613.
147. Guggenheim B., Regolati B., Schmid R., Mühlemann H.R. Effects of the topical application of mutanase on rat caries. Caries Res. 1980, 14:128-135.
148. Regolati B., Guggenheim B. Effects of protease activity in crude mutanase on caries and plaque in rats. Helv. Odontol. Acta 1974, 18:97-100.
149. Guggenheim B., Regolati B., Mühlemann H.R. Caries and plaque inhibition by mutanase in rats. Caries Res. 1972, 6:289-297.
150. Inoue M., Yakushiji T., Mizuno J., Yamamoto Y., Tanii S. Inhibition of dental plaque formation by mouthwash containing an endo-alpha-1,3 glucanase. Clin. Prev. Dent. 1990, 12:10-14.
151. Pleszczyńska M., Wiater A., Jodkowska E., Rusyan E., Dubielecka M., Małkiewicz K., Paduch R., Walasik K., Szczodrak J. The effects of microbial mutanases on dental plaque aggregation and periodontal parameters. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2011, 20:91-96.
152. Seo E.J., Chung H.J., Kim Y.J.O., Kim S., Kim S.H. Effect of mouthrinse containing Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 glucanhydrolase on plaque formation during a 4-day period. J. Korean Acad. Periodontol. 2004, 34:195-204.
153. Kelstrup J., Holm-Pedersen P., Poulsen S. Reduction of the formation of dental plaque and gingivitis in humans by crude mutanase. Eur. J. Oral Sci. 1978, 86:93-102.
154. Budtz-Jörgensen E., Kelstrup J. Enzymes as denture cleansers. Eur. J. Oral Sci. 1977, 85:209-215.
155. Budtz-Jörgensen E. Prevention of denture plaque formation by an enzyme denture cleanser. J. Biol. Buccale 1977, 5:239-244.
156. Budtz-Jörgensen E. A 3-months' study of enzymes as denture cleansers. J. Oral Rehabil. 1978, 5:35-39.
157. Nikawa H., Hamada T., Yamamoto T. Denture plaque - past and recent concerns. J. Dent. 1998, 26:299-304.
158. Theilade E., Budtz-Jörgensen E. Electron microscopic study of denture plaque. J. Biol. Buccale 1980, 8:287-297.
159. Jagger D.C., Harrison A. Denture cleansing - the best approach. Br. Dent. J. 1995, 178:413-417.
160. Otsuka R., Imai S., Murata T., Nomura Y., Okamoto M., Tsumori H., Kakuta E., Hanada N., Momoi Y. Application of chimeric glucanase comprising mutanase and dextranase for prevention of dental biofilm formation. Microbiol. Immunol. 2015, 59:28-36.
161. Hannig C., Spies B., Spitzmüller B., Hannig M. Efficacy of enzymatic mouth rinses for immobilisation of protective enzymes in the in situ pellicle. Arch. Oral Biol. 2010, 55:1-6.
162. Hannig C., Spitzmüller B., Lux H.C., Altenburger M., Al-Ahmad A., Hannig M. Efficacy of enzymatic toothpastes for immobilisation of protective enzymes in the in situ pellicle. Arch. Oral Biol. 2010, 55:463-469.
163. Imfeld T. Chewing gum - facts and fiction: a review of gum-chewing and oral health. Crit. Rev. Oral Biol. Med. 1999, 10:405-419.
164. Sanares A.M.E., King N.M., Itthagarun A., Wong H.-M. Chewing gum as a medium for the delivery of anticariogenic therapeutic agents: a review. Hong Kong Dent. J. 2009, 6:13-22.
165. Cummins D., Bowen W.H. Biotechnology in oral care. Biotechnology in Personal Care 2006, 323-352. Taylor & Francis Group, New York. R. Lad (Ed.).
166. C.C. Fuglsang, Oral care product comprising a mutan binding domain, US Patent 2002/0,085,980 A1, Novozymes (2002).
167. Katoh K., Toh H. Recent developments in the MAFFT multiple sequence alignment program. Brief Bioinform. 2008, 9:286-298.
168. Larkin M.A., Blackshields G., Brown N.P., Chenna R., McGettigan P.A., McWilliam H., Valentin F., Wallace I.M., Wilm A., et al. ClustalW and ClustalX version 2.0. Bioinformatics 2007, 23:2947-2948.