Enhancing and inhibiting stimulated Brillouin scattering in photonic integrated circuits

Nature Communications

Volumn 6, Issue , 2015, Pages

  Merklein, Moritz ^a   Kabakova, Irina V ^a   Büttner, Thomas F S ^a   Choi, Duk Yong ^b   Luther Davies, Barry ^b   Madden, Stephen J ^b   Eggleton, Benjamin J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^b AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

POLITEF; SILICON DIOXIDE;

RESONANCE; SCATTERING; THRESHOLD;

ARTICLE; BRILLOUIN SCATTERING; INTEGRATED CIRCUIT; LIGHT SCATTERING; NONLINEAR SYSTEM; OPTICAL DENSITY; PHOTON; QUANTUM MECHANICS; SIMULATION;

EID: 84929378208     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20411723     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7396     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Yablonovitch, E. Inhibited spontaneous emission in solid-state physics and electronics. Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2059-2062 (1987).
2. John, S. Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices. Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2486-2489 (1987).
3. Krauss, T. F. Why do we need slow light? Nat. Photonics 2, 448-450 (2008).
4. Baba, T. Slow light in photonic crystals. Nat. Photonics 2, 465-473 (2008).
5. Thévenaz, L. Slow and fast light in optical fibres. Nat. Photonics 2, 474-481 (2008).
6. Vlasov, Y. A., O'Boyle, M., Hamann, H. F. & McNab, S. J. Active control of slow light on a chip with photonic crystal waveguides. Nature 438, 65-69 (2005).
7. Soljacić, M. & Joannopoulos, J. D. Enhancement of nonlinear effects using photonic crystals. Nat. Mater. 3, 211-219 (2004).
8. Hamachi, Y., Kubo, S. & Baba, T. Slow light with low dispersion and nonlinear enhancement in a lattice-shifted photonic crystal waveguide. Opt. Lett. 34, 1072-1074 (2009).
9. Inoue, K., Oda, H., Ikeda, N. & Asakawa, K. Enhanced third-order nonlinear effects in slow-light photonic-crystal slab waveguides of line-defect. Opt. Express 17, 7206-7216 (2009).
10. Corcoran, B. et al. Green light emission in silicon through slow-light enhanced third-harmonic generation in photonic-crystal waveguides. Nat. Photonics 3, 206-210 (2009).
11. Monat, C. et al. Four-wave mixing in slow light engineered silicon photonic crystal waveguides. Opt. Express 18, 22915-22927 (2010).
12. Mok, J. T., de Sterke, C. M., Littler, I. C. M. & Eggleton, B. J. Dispersionless slow light using gap solitons. Nat. Phys. 2, 775-780 (2006).
13. Dowling, J. P., Scalora, M., Bloemer, M. J. & Bowden, C. M. The photonic band edge laser: a new approach to gain enhancement. J. Appl. Phys. 75, 1896-1899 (1994).
14. Winful, H. G., Kabakova, I. V. & Eggleton, B. J. Model for distributed feedback Brillouin lasers. Opt. Express 21, 16191-16199 (2013).
15. Büttner, T. F. S. et al. Phase-locking and pulse generation in multi-frequency Brillouin oscillator via four wave mixing. Sci. Rep. 4, 5032 (2014).
16. Slavík, R. et al. All-optical phase and amplitude regenerator for next-generation telecommunications systems. Nat. Photonics 4, 690-695 (2010).
17. El-Sherif, A. F. & King, T. A. High-peak-power operation of a Q-switched Tm3+-doped silica fiber laser operating near 2mm. Opt. Lett. 28, 22-24 (2003).
18. Brilliant, N. A. Stimulated Brillouin scattering in a dual-clad fiber amplifier. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 19, 2551-2557 (2002).
19. Zhang, Y. et al. Pump-degenerate phase-sensitive amplification in chalcogenide waveguides. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 31, 780-787 (2014).
20. Zhang, Y. et al. Phase-sensitive amplification in silicon photonic crystal waveguides. Opt. Lett. 39, 363-366 (2014).
21. Leuthold, J., Koos, C. & Freude, W. Nonlinear silicon photonics. Nat. Photonics 4, 535-544 (2010).
22. Foster, M. A. et al. Broad-band optical parametric gain on a silicon photonic chip. Nature 441, 960-963 (2006).
23. Ogusu, K. Effect of stimulated Brillouin scattering on nonlinear pulse propagation in fiber Bragg gratings. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 17, 769-774 (2000).
24. Lee, M., Pant, R. & Neifeld, M. A. Improved slow-light delay performance of a broadband stimulated Brillouin scattering system using fiber Bragg gratings. Appl. Opt. 47, 6404-6415 (2008).
25. Lee, H. & Agrawal, G. Suppression of stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical fibers using fiber Bragg gratings. Opt. Express 11, 3467-3472 (2003).
26. Fujita, M., Takahashi, S., Tanaka, Y., Asano, T. & Noda, S. Simultaneous inhibition and redistribution of spontaneous light emission in photonic crystals. Science 308, 1296-1298 (2005).
27. Eggleton, B. J., Luther-Davies, B. & Richardson, K. Chalcogenide photonics. Nat. Photonics 5, 141-148 (2011).
28. Pant, R. et al. On-chip stimulated Brillouin scattering. Opt. Express 19, 8285-8290 (2011).
29. Poulton, C. G., Pant, R. & Eggleton, B. J. Acoustic confinement and stimulated Brillouin scattering in integrated optical waveguides. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 30, 2657-2664 (2013).
30. Abedin, K. S. Observation of strong stimulated Brillouin scattering in single-mode As2Se3 chalcogenide fiber. Opt. Express 13, 10266-10271 (2005).
31. Pant, R. et al. Cavity enhanced stimulated Brillouin scattering in an optical chip for multiorder Stokes generation. Opt. Lett. 36, 3687-3689 (2011).
32. Baker, N. J. et al. Sampled Bragg gratings in chalcogenide (As2S3) ribwaveguides. Opt. Express 14, 9451-9459 (2006).
33. Hill, K. O., Fujii, Y., Johnson, D. C. & Kawasaki, B. S. Photosensitivity in optical fiber waveguides: Application to reflection filter fabrication. Appl. Phys. Lett. 32, 647-649 (1978).
34. Büttner, T. F. S. et al. Multi-wavelength gratings formed via cascaded stimulated Brillouin scattering. Opt. Express 20, 26434-26440 (2012).
35. Boyd, R. W. Nonlinear Optics (Academic Press, 2003).
36. Asatryan, A. et al. Two-dimensional local density of states in two-dimensional photonic crystals. Opt. Express 8, 191-196 (2001).
37. McPhedran, R. et al. Density of states functions for photonic crystals. Phys. Rev. E 69, 016609 (2004).
38. Li, J., Lee, H., Chen, T. & Vahala, K. Characterization of a high coherence, Brillouin microcavity laser on silicon. Opt. Express 20, 369-373 (2012).
39. Tomes, M. & Carmon, T. Photonic micro-electromechanical systems vibrating at X-band (11-GHz) rates. Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 113601 (2009).
40. Stokes, L. F., Chodorow, M. & Shaw, H. J. All-fiber stimulated Brillouin ring laser with submilliwatt pump threshold. Opt. Lett. 7, 509-511 (1982).
41. Sakoda, K. Optical Properties of Photonic Crystals (Springer, 2005).
42. Khurgin, J. B. Slow light in various media: a tutorial. Adv. Opt. Photonics 2, 287-318 (2010).
43. Kuroda, K., Sawada, T., Kuroda, T., Watanabe, K. & Sakoda, K. Doubly enhanced spontaneous emission due to increased photon density of states at photonic band edge frequencies. Opt. Express 17, 13168-13177 (2009).
44. Kuroda, K., Sawada, T., Kuroda, T., Watanabe, K. & Sakoda, K. Enhanced spontaneous emission observed at one-dimensional photonic band edges. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 27, 45-50 (2009).
45. Smith, R. G. Optical power handling capacity of low loss optical fibers as determined by stimulated Raman and Brillouin scattering. Appl. Opt. 11, 2489-2494 (1972).
46. Dirac, P. The quantum theory of the emission and absorption of radiation. Proc. R. Soc. A114, 1-25 (1927).
47. Kim, H. S. et al. Threshold reduction of stimulated Brillouin scattering by the enhanced Stokes noise initiation. Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 1358-1360 (1999).
48. Zhu, Y., Lu, Q., Guo, S., Xu, X. & Cheng, X. Threshold reduction of stimulated Brillouin scattering by Stokes seeds via acousto-optic effect. Opt. Commun. 281, 4523-4525 (2008).
49. Karow, M., Neumann, J., Kracht, D. & Weels, P. Impact of amplified spontaneous emission on Brillouin scattering of a single-frequency signal. Opt. Express 20, 546-551 (2012).
50. Agrawal, G. Nonlinear Fiber Optics (Academic Press, 2001).
51. Pelusi, M. et al. Photonic-chip-based radio-frequency spectrum analyser with terahertz bandwidth. Nat. Photonics 3, 139-143 (2009).
52. Salem, R. et al. Signal regeneration using low-power four-wave mixing on silicon chip. Nat. Photonics 2, 35-38 (2007).
53. Del'Haye, P. et al. Optical frequency comb generation from a monolithic microresonator. Nature 450, 1214-1217 (2007).
54. Loranger, S., Iezzi, V. L. & Kashyap, R. Demonstration of an ultra-high frequency picosecond pulse generator using an SBS frequency comb and self phase-locking. Opt. Express 20, 19455-19462 (2012).
55. Braje, D., Hollberg, L. & Diddams, S. Brillouin-enhanced hyperparametric generation of an optical frequency comb in a monolithic highly nonlinear fiber cavity pumped by a CW laser. Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 193902 (2009).
56. Debut, A., Randoux, S. & Zemmouri, J. Linewidth narrowing in Brillouin lasers: theoretical analysis. Phys. Rev. A 62, 023803 (2000).
57. Madden, S. J. et al. Long, low loss etched As2S3 chalcogenide waveguides for alloptical signal regeneration. Opt. Express 15, 14414-14421 (2007).
58. Choi, D.-Y. et al. Photo-induced and thermal annealing of chalcogenide films for waveguide fabrication. Phys. Procedia 48, 196-205 (2013).
59. Choi, D.-Y. et al. Submicrometer-thick low-loss As2S3 planar waveguides for nonlinear optical devices. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 22, 495-497 (2010).
60. Gai, X. et al. Supercontinuum generation in the mid-infrared from a dispersion-engineered As2S3 glass rib waveguide. Opt. Lett. 37, 3870-3872 (2012).
61. Hu, J. et al. Resonant cavity-enhanced photosensitivity in As2S3 chalcogenide glass at 1550 nm telecommunication wavelength. Opt. Lett. 35, 874-876 (2010).
62. Hô, N., Laniel, J. M., Vallée, R. & Villeneuve, A. Photosensitivity of As2S3 chalcogenide thin films at 1.5mm. Opt. Lett. 28, 965-967 (2003).
63. de Sterke, C. M., Jackson, K. R. & Robert, B. D. Nonlinear coupled-mode equations on a finite interval: a numerical procedure. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 8, 403-412 (1991).