Vitamin B12 deficiency in the elderly: Is it worth screening?

Hong Kong Medical Journal

Volumn 21, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 155-164

  Wong, C W ^a  

^a Caritas Medical Centre Hong Kong   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HOMOCYSTEINE; METHYLMALONIC ACID; CYANOCOBALAMIN;

AGED; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROTIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CYANOCOBALAMIN DEFICIENCY; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DIETARY INTAKE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; HUMAN; LABORATORY TEST; MENTAL DISEASE; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTOR; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTATION; AGING; FEMALE; GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT; HONG KONG; MALE; MASS SCREENING; PHYSIOLOGY; PROCEDURES; RISK ASSESSMENT; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; STANDARDS; TRENDS; VERY ELDERLY; VITAMIN B 12 DEFICIENCY;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AGING; FEMALE; GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT; HONG KONG; HUMANS; MALE; MASS SCREENING; PREVALENCE; RISK ASSESSMENT; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; VITAMIN B 12; VITAMIN B 12 DEFICIENCY;

EID: 84928742221     PISSN: 10242708     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.12809/hkmj144383     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. 12 deficiency in the elderly. Annu Rev Nutr 1999;19:357-77.
2. Carmel R. Current concepts in cobalamin deficiency. Annu Rev Med 2000;51:357-75.
3. Lindenbaum J, Rosenberg IH, Wilson PW, Stabler SP, Allen RH. Prevalence of cobalamin deficiency in the Framingham elderly population. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;60:2-11.
4. Clarke R, Refsum H, Birks J, et al. Screening for vitamin B-12 and folate deficiency in older persons. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;77:1241-7.
5. 12 and folate deficiency in later life. Age Ageing 2004;33:34-41.
6. 12 deficiency in the aged: a population-based study. Age Ageing 2007;36:177-83.
7. 12 deficiency— need for a new guideline. Nutrition 2001;17:917-20.
8. Matthews JH. 12 Cobalamin and folate deficiency in the elderly. Baillieres Clin Haematol 1995;8:679-97.
9. Dali-Youcef N, Andre E. An update on cobalamin deficiency in adults. QJM 2009;102:17-28.
10. Guidelines on the investigation and diagnosis of cobalamin and folate deficiencies. A publication of the British Committee for Standards in Haematology. BCSH General Haematology Test Force. Clin Lab Haematol 1994;16:101-15.
11. 12 and folate. Clin Chem 2000;46:1277-83.
12. 12 and folate deficiency: a guide for the primary care physician. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:1289-98.
13. 12 deficiency. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2000;60:9-18.
14. 12 deficiencies. Food Nutr Bull 2008;29:S238-44.
15. Wolters M, Strohle A, Hahn A. Cobalamin: a critical vitamin in the elderly. Prev Med 2004;39:1256-66.
16. Savage DG, Lindenbaum J, Stabler SP, Allen RH. Sensitivity of serum methylmalonic acid and total homocysteine determinations for diagnosing cobalamin and folate deficiencies. Am J Med 1994;96:239-46.
17. Lindenbaum J, Savage DG, Stabler SP, Allen RH. Diagnosis of cobalamin deficiency: II. Relative sensitivities of serum cobalamin, methylmalonic acid, and total homocysteine concentrations. Am J Hematol 1990;34:99-107.
18. 12) deficiency. J Am Geriatr Soc 1995;43:1290-7.
19. Pennypacker LC, Allen RH, Kelly JP, et al. High prevalence of cobalamin deficiency in elderly outpatients. J Am Geriatr Soc 1992;40:1197-204.
20. Joosten E, Lesaffre R, Riezler R. Are different reference intervals for methylmalonic acid and total homocysteine necessary in elderly people? Eur J Haematol 1996;57:222-6.
21. Joosten E, van den Berg A, Riezler R, et al. Metabolic evidence that deficiencies of vitamin B-12 (cobalamin), folate, and vitamin B-6 occur commonly in elderly people. Am J Clin Nutr 1993;58:468-76.
22. Chanarin I, Metz J. Diagnosis of cobalamin deficiency: the old and the new. Br J Haematol 1997;97:695-700.
23. 12 deficiency and determination of holotranscobalamin in populations at risk. Clin Chem Lab Med 2003;41:1478-88.
24. Herbert V. Staging vitamin B-12 (cobalamin) status in vegetarians. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;59(5 Suppl):1213S-22S.
25. Nexo E, Hoffmann-Lucke E. Holotranscobalamin, a marker of vitamin B-12 status: analytical aspects and clinical utility. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94:359S-65S.
26. Andres E, Affenberger S, Vinzio S, et al. Food-cobalamin malabsorption in elderly patients: clinical manifestations and treatment. Am J Med 2005;118:1154-9.
27. Chan CW, Liu SY, Kho CS, et al. Megaloblastic anaemia in Chinese patients: a review of 52 cases. Hong Kong Med J 1998;4:296-74.
28. 12 deficiency on hematological status in older Chinese vegetarian women. Am J Hematol 2002;70:186-90.
29. 12 (cobalamin) deficiency in elderly patients. CMAJ 2004;171:251-9.
30. Carmel R. Malabsorption of food cobalamin. Baillieres Clin Haematol 1995;8:639-55.
31. Carmel R. Cobalamin, the stomach, and aging. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;66:750-9.
32. Selhub J, Bagley LC, Miller J, Rosenberg IH. B vitamins, homocysteine, and neurocognitive function in the elderly. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:614S-20S.
33. Krasinski SD, Russell RM, Samloff IM, et al. Fundi atrophic gastritis in an elderly population. Effect on hemoglobin and several serum nutritional indicators. J Am Geriatr Soc 1986;34:800-6.
34. Blaser MJ, Parsonnet J. Parasitism by the “slow” bacterium Helicobacter pylori leads to altered gastric homeostasis and neoplasia. J Clin Invest 1994;94:4-8.
35. 12 deficiency? Arch Intern Med 2000;160:1349-53.
36. 12 deficiency in older adults. J Clin Epidemiol 2004;57:422-8.
37. Carmel R. Ethnic and racial factors in cobalamin metabolism and its disorders. Semin Hematol 1999;36:88-100.
38. Chan CW, Liu SY, Kho CS, et al. Pernicious anemia in Chinese: a study of 181 patients in a Hong Kong hospital. Medicine (Baltimore) 2006;85:129-38.
39. Toh BH, van Driel IR, Gleeson PA. Pernicious anemia. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1441-8.
40. Hsing AW, Hansson LE, McLaughlin JK, et al. Pernicious anemia and subsequent cancer. A population-based cohort study. Cancer 1993;71:745-50.
41. Hirota WK, Zuckerman MJ, Adler DG, et al. ASGE guideline: the role of endoscopy in the surveillance of premalignant conditions of upper GI tract. Gastrointest Endosc 2006;63:570-80.
42. Schumann K. Interactions between drugs and vitamins at advanced age. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1999;69:173-8.
43. 12 malabsorption induced by metformin. Diabetes Care 2000;23:1227-31.
44. Desouza C, Keebler M, McNamara DB, Fonseca V. Drugs affecting homocysteine metabolism: impact on cardiovascular risk. Drugs 2002;62:605-16.
45. Welch GN, Loscalzo J. Homocysteine and atherothrombosis. N Engl J Med 1998;338:1042-50.
46. Homocysteine Studies Collaboration. Homocysteine and risk of ischemic heart disease and stroke: a meta-analysis. JAMA 2002;288:2015-22.
47. Wald DS, Law M, Morris JK. Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease: evidence on causality from a metaanalysis. BMJ 2002;325:1202.
48. Austin RC, Lentz SR, Werstuck GH. Role of hyperhomocysteinemia in endothelial dysfunction and atherothrombotic disease. Cell Death Differ 2004;11 Suppl 1:S56-64.
49. Toole JF, Malinow MR, Chambless LE, et al. Lowering homocysteine in patients with ischemic stroke to prevent recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and death: the Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004;291:565-75.
50. Lindenbaum J, Healton EB, Savage DG, et al. Neuropsychiatric disorders caused by cobalamin deficiency in the absence of anemia or macrocytosis. N Engl J Med 1988;318:1720-8.
51. 12, folate and cognitive functions: a systematic and critical review of the literature. Int J Clin Pract 2009;63:1061-7.
52. 12 for cognition. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;(3):CD004326.
53. 12-deficiency diet. Exp Gerontol 2010;45:195-201.
54. 12, folate, and homocysteine in depression: the Rotterdam study. Am J Psychiatry 2002;159:2099-101.
55. 12 deficiency and depression in physically disabled older women: epidemiologic evidence from Women’s Health and Aging Study. Am J Psychiatry 2000;157:715-21.
56. 12 and psychiatric illness. Ann Longterm Care 2009;17:32-6.
57. Martin DC, Francis J, Protech J, Huff FJ. Time dependency of cognitive recovery with cobalamin replacement: report of a pilot study. J Am Geriatr Soc 1992;40:168-72.
58. 12 deficiency. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;(3):CD004655.
59. 12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1998.