The state of the field: Qualitative analyses of text complexity

Elementary School Journal

Volumn 115, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 161-183

  David Pearson, P ^a   Hiebert, Elfrieda H ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84928109490     PISSN: 00135984     EISSN: 15548279     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/678297     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. ACT. (2006). Reading between the lines: What the ACT reveals about college readiness in reading. Iowa City: Author.
2. Alcott, L. M.(2008). Little women.New York: Puffin.
3. American Institutes for Research. (2008). Reading assessment and item specifications for the 2009 National Assessment of Educational Progress. Washington, DC: Author.
4. Anderson, R. C., Hiebert, E. H., Scott, J. A., & Wilkinson, I. A. G.(1985). Becoming a nation of readers: The report of the Commission on Reading.Champaign, IL: Center for the Study of Reading.
5. Applebee, A.(2013). Common Core State Standards: The promise and the peril in a national palimpsest. English Journal,103(1), 25-33.
6. Armbruster, B., Anderson, T., & Ostertag, J.(1987).Does text structure/summarization instruction facilitate learning from expository text?Reading Research Quarterly,22, 331-346.
7. Beaver, J.(2003).Developmental reading assessment.Parsippany, NJ: Celebration.
8. Betts, E.(1946). Foundations of reading instruction.New York: American Book.
9. California English/Language Arts Committee.(1987). English-language arts framework for California public schools (kindergarten through grade twelve).Sacramento: California Department of Education.
10. Cameron, A.(1981). The stories Julian tells. New York: Random House Books for Young Readers.
11. Carver, R. P. (1976). Measuring prose difficulty using the Rauding Scale.Reading Research Quarterly,11, 660-685.
12. Chall, J. S., BissexG., Conard, S., & Harris-Sharples, S.(1999). Qualitative assessment of text difficulty.Brookline, MA: Brookline Publishers.
13. Copeland, M., Lakin, J., & Shaw, K. (January 26, 2012). Text complexity and the Kansas Common Core Standards for English Language Arts and Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects.Retrieved from http://www.ccsso.org/Resources/Digital_ Resources/The_Common_Core_State_Standards_Supporting_Districts_and_Teachers_ with_Text_Complexity.html
14. Cunningham, J. W., & Mesmer, H. A. (2014). Quantitative measurement oftext difficulty: What’s the use? Elementary School Journal, 115(2).
15. Davison, A., & Kantor, R. N. (1982).On the failure of readability formulas to define readable texts: A case study from adaptations. Reading Research Quarterly,17(2), 187-208.
16. DiPardo, A., Storms, B. A., & Selland, M. (2011).Seeing voices: Assessing writerly stance in the NWP Analytic Writing Continuum.Assessing Writing, 16(3), 170 -188.
17. Dostoyevsky, F.(1996).Crime and punishment.New York: Bantam Classics.
18. Engage, NY. (2013). Lincoln Gettysburg Address. Retrieved from http://www.docstoc.com/docs/ 101478560/Lincoln-Gettysburg-Address-EngageNY
19. Ericsson, K. A.(1996). The acquisition of expert performance: An introduction to some of the issues. In K. A. Ericsson (Ed.), The road to excellence: The acquisition of expert performance in the arts and sciences, sports and games (pp. 1-50). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
20. Fountas, I. C., & Pinnell, G. S.(1996).Guided reading: Good first teaching for all children.Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
21. Fountas, I. C., & Pinnell, G. S.(2009).The Fountas & Pinnell leveled book list, K-8+, print version. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
22. Fountas, I. C., & Pinnell, G. S. (2012).The F & P Text Level Gradient: Revision to recommended grade-level goals. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. Retrieved from http://www.heinemann.com/ fountasandpinnell/pdfs/WhitePaperTextGrad.pdf
23. Georgia Department of Education.(2012). Common Core Georgia performance standards text complexity rubric. Retrieved from https://www.georgiastandards.org/Common-Core/Documents/ 9%20-11%20rubrics.pdf??
24. Graesser, A. C., McNamara, D. S., & Kulikowich, J.(2011).Coh-Metrix: Providing multilevel analyses of text characteristics. Educational Researcher,40, 223-234.
25. Greenleaf, C., Schoenbach, R., Cziko, C., & Mueller, F.(2001).Apprenticing adolescent readers to academic literacy.Harvard Educational Review,71(1), 79-129.
26. Hatcher, P. J.(2000).Predictors of Reading Recovery book levels. Journal of Research in Reading, 23, 67-77.
27. Hess, K., & Biggam, S. (2004). A discussion of “increasing text complexity.”Published by the New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont Departments ofEducation as part of the New England Common Assessment Program (NECAP). Retrieved from www.nciea.org/publications/TextComplexity_KH05.pdf
28. Hess, K., & Hervey, S.(2010). Local assessment toolkit: Tools for examining text complexity.Dover, NH: National Center for the Improvement of Educational Assessment.
29. Hiebert, E. H.(2011). Beyond single readability measures: Using multiple sources of information in establishing text complexity. Journal ofEducation,191(2), 33-42.
30. Hiebert, E. H., & Pearson, P. D.(2010).An examination of current text difficulty indices with early reading texts (Reading Research Report No. 10.01).Santa Cruz, CA: TextProject. Retrieved fromhttp://textproject.org/assets/publications/TextProject_RRR-10.01_Text-Difficulty-Indices.pdf
31. Hiebert, E. H., Wilson, K. M.& Trainin, G.(2010). Are students really reading in independent reading contexts? An examination of comprehension-based silent reading rate.In E. H. Hiebert & D. Ray Reutzel (Eds.), Revisiting silent reading: New directions for teachers and researchers. Newark, DE. IRA.
32. Hirsch, E. D., Jr. (Ed.). (2005). What your fourth grader needs to know: Fundamentals of a good fourth-grade education (core knowledge). New York: Dell.
33. Hoffman, J., Roser, N., Patterson, E., Salas, R., & Pennington, J.(2001).Text leveling and little books in first-grade reading.Journal of Literacy Research,33, 507-528.
34. Klare, G.(1984). Readability.In P. D. Pearson, R. Barr, M. L. Kamil, & P. Mosenthal (Eds.), Handbook of reading research (pp. 681-744). New York: Longman.
35. Leslie, L., & Caldwell, J. S.(2010).Qualitative reading inventory (5th ed.). Boston: Pearson.
36. McNamara, D. S., Kintsch, E., Songer, N. B., & Kintsch, W.(1996).Are good texts always better? Interactions oftext coherence, background knowledge, and levels ofunderstanding in learning from text.Cognition and Instruction,14(1), 1-43.
37. National Assessment Governing Board.(1991). Reading framework for the 1992 National Assessment of Educational Progress.Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
38. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices & Council of Chief State School Officers.(2010). Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts and Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects with Appendices A-C. Washington, DC: Authors.
39. Partnership for Assessment of Readiness for College and Careers.(2012). Model content frameworks.Retrieved from http://www.parcconline.org/parcc-model-content-frameworks
40. Pearson, P. D. (1974-1975). The effects of grammatical complexity on children’s comprehension, recall and conception of semantic relations.Reading Research Quarterly,10,155-192.
41. Pearson, P. D.(1984). Asking questions about stories.In A. J. Harris & E. R. Sipay (Eds.), Readings in reading instruction (3rd ed.). New York: Longman.
42. Pearson, P. D.(2013). Research foundations of the Common Core State Standards in English language arts.In S. Neuman & L. Gambrell (Eds.), Quality reading instruction in the age of Common Core State Standards (pp. 237-262).Newark, DE: International Reading Association.
43. Peterson, B. L.(1991). Selecting books for beginning readers: Children’s literature suitable for young readers.In D. E. DeFord, C. A. Lyons, & G. S. Pinnell (Eds.), Bridges to literacy: Learning from Reading Recovery (pp. 119 -147). Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
44. Pikulski, J. J., & Shanahan, T. (Eds.).(1982). Approaches to the informal evaluation of reading.Newark, DE: International Reading Association.
45. Rog, L. J., & Burton, W.(2001).Matching texts and readers: Leveling early reading materials for assessment and instruction. Reading Teacher,55,348-356.
46. Sherman, L. A. (1893). Analytics of literature: A manual for the objective study of English prose and poetry. Boston: Ginn.
47. Shulevitz, U.(1986). The treasure.New York: Square Fish.
48. Singer, H.(1975). The SEER technique: A non-computational procedure for quickly estimating readability level. Journal of Reading Behavior,7, 255-267.
49. Stein, N. L., & Glenn, C. G.(1979).An analysis of story comprehension in elementary school children.In R. Freedle (Ed.), Multidisciplinary approaches to discourse comprehension.Hillsdale, NJ: Ablex.
50. Steinbeck, J. (1939/2006). The grapes of wrath. New York: Penguin Classics.
51. Student Achievement Partners.(2012). Qualitative dimensions of text complexity chart: 2nd-3rd grade band.New York: Author. Retrieved fromwww.achievethecore.org/steal-these-tools/text-complexity/qualitative-measures
52. Texas Education Agency. (1990). Proclamation of the State Board of Education advertising forbids on textbooks. Austin, TX: Author.
53. Trelease, J.(2006). The read-aloud handbook (6th ed.). New York: Penguin.
54. Valencia, S. W., Pearson, P. D., Peters, C. W., & Wixson, K.(1989).Theory andpractice in statewide reading assessment: Closing the gap. Educational Leadership,46, 57-63.
55. Valencia, S. W., Smith, A. T., Reece, A. M., Li, M., Wixson, K. K., & Newman, H.(2010).Oral reading fluency assessment: Issues of construct, criterion, and consequential validity. Reading Research Quarterly,45(3), 270-291.
56. Valencia, S. W, Wixson, K. K., & Pearson, P. D.(2014).Putting text complexity in context: Refocusing on comprehension of complex text. Elementary School Journal,115(2).
57. White, E. B.(1952). Charlotte’s web.New York: HarperCollins.
58. Williamson, G. L., Fitzgerald, J., & Stenner, A. J.(2014).Student reading growth illuminates the Common Core text-complexity standard: Raising both bars, Elementary School Journal,115(2).
59. Wixson, K., Peters, C., Weber, E., & Roeber, E.(1987).New directions in statewide reading assessment.Reading Teacher, 40, 749 -754.
60. Zusak, M.(2007). The book thief. New York: Alfred A. Knopf