Assessing global land cover reference datasets for different user communities

ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Volumn 103, Issue , 2015, Pages 93-114

  Tsendbazar, N E ^a   de Bruin, S ^a   Herold, M ^a  

^a WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Dataset suitability for users; Global land cover; Reference datasets; User groups; User requirements; Validation

Indexed keywords

MOLECULAR PHYSICS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY;

DATASET SUITABILITY FOR USERS; LAND COVER; REFERENCE DATASETS; USER GROUPS; USER REQUIREMENTS; VALIDATION;

CLIMATE CHANGE;

EID: 84927804881     PISSN: 09242716     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.02.008     Document Type: Article

References (113)

1. Achard F., Eva H.D., Stibig H.J., Mayaux P., Gallego J., Richards T., Malingreau J.P. Determination of deforestation rates of the world's humid tropical forests. Science 2002, 297:999-1002.
2. Achard F., Defourny P., Bontemps S., Herold M., Mayaux P. Product validation plan: Land Cover CCI 2011, Université catholique de Louvain (UCL)-Geomatics, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
3. Aide T.M., Clark M.L., Grau H.R., López-Carr D., Levy M.A., Redo D., Bonilla-Moheno M., Riner G., Andrade-Núñez M.J., Muñiz M. Deforestation and reforestation of Latin America and the Caribbean (2001-2010). Biotropica 2012.
4. Becker-Reshef I., Justice C., Sullivan M., Vermote E., Tucker C., Anyamba A., Small J., Pak E., Masuoka E., Schmaltz J. Monitoring global croplands with coarse resolution earth observations: the Global Agriculture Monitoring (GLAM) project. Remote Sens. 2010, 2:1589-1609.
5. Benítez P., McCallum I., Obersteiner M., Yamagata Y. Global supply for carbon sequestration: identifying least-cost afforestation sites under country risk consideration. Int. Inst. Appl. Syst. Anal. 2004.
6. Béquignon J., Caughey J., Cramer W., Fellous J.L., Heip C., Justice C., Key J.R., Koike T., Lacaux J.P., Lafaye M., Lafeuille J., Mathieu P.P., Ranchin T., Scholes B., Schroedter-Homscheidt M. A report prepared by the European Space Agency in the framework of the GEO Science and Technology Committee in support of the GEO Task ST-09-01 "Catalyzing Research and Development (R&D) Resources for GEOSS" 2010, 50. European Space Agency. J.L. Fellous, J. Béquignon (Eds.).
7. Bicheron P., Defourny P., Brockmann C., Schouten L., Vancutsem C., Huc M., Bontemps S., Leroy M., Achard F., Herold M., Ranera F., Arino O. GLOBCOVER: Products Description and Validation Report 2008, MEDIAS-France, Toulouse, France.
8. Bontemps S., Defourny P., Van Bogaert E., Kalogirou V., Arino O. GLOBCOVER 2009: Products Description and Validation Report 2011, UCLouvain and ESA, p. 53.
9. Bontemps S., Herold M., Kooistra L., van Groenestijn A., Hartley A., Arino O., Moreau I., Defourny P. Revisiting land cover observations to address the needs of the climate modelling community. Biogeosci. Disc. 2011, 8:7713-7740.
10. Brus D.J. Statistical sampling strategies for survey of soil contamination. Dealing with Contaminated Sites 2011, 165-206. Springer, Netherlands.
11. Brus D., De Gruijter J. Random sampling or geostatistical modelling? Choosing between design-based and model-based sampling strategies for soil (with discussion)* 1. Geoderma 1997, 80:1-44.
12. Cai X., Zhang X., Wang D. Land availability for biofuel production. Environ. Sci. Technol.-Columbus 2011, 45:334.
13. Card D.H. Using known map category marginal frequencies to improve estimates of thematic map accuracy. Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. 1982, 48:431-439.
14. Cassman K.G., Wood S., Choo P.S., Cooper H., Devendra C., Dixon J., Gaskell J., Kahn S., Lal R., Lipper L. Cultivated systems. Island Press 2005, vol. 1:745-794. Washington, D.C., Covelo, London. R. Hassan, R. Scholes, N. Ash (Eds.).
15. Clark M., Aide T.M. An Analysis of Decadal Land Change in Latin America and the Caribbean Mapped from 250-m MODIS Data 2011, Proc. ISPRS, Melbourne, Australia.
16. Clark M.L., Aide T.M. Virtual interpretation of earth web-interface tool (VIEW-IT) for collecting land-use/land-cover reference data. Remote Sens. 2011, 3:601-620.
17. Congalton R.G. A review of assessing the accuracy of classifications of remotely sensed data. Remote Sens. Environ. 1991, 37:35-46.
18. Congalton R.G., Green K. Assessing the Accuracy of Remotely Sensed Data: Principles and Practices 2009, CRC.
19. De Bruin S. Predicting the areal extent of land-cover types using classified imagery and geostatistics. Remote Sens. Environ. 2000, 74:387-396.
20. Defourny, P., Vancutsem, C., Bicheron, P., Brockmann, C., Nino, F., Schouten, L., Leroy, M., 2006. GLOBCOVER: a 300m global land cover product for 2005 using Envisat MERIS time series. In: Proc. ISPRS Commission VII Mid-Term Symposium: Remote Sensing: from Pixels to Precesses, Enschede, Netherldans 8-11 May 8-11.
21. Defourny P., Bontemps S., Martin B., Brockman C., Fomferra N., Grit K., Krüger O. Landcover CCI: Product Specification Document 2011, LandCover-CCI partnership, p. 64.
22. Defourny, P., Bontemps, S., Schouten, L., Bartalev, S., Cacetta, P., de Wit, A., di Bella, C., Gérard, B., Giri, C., Gond, V., Hazeu, G., Heinimann, A., Herold, M., Jaffrain, G., Latifovic, R., Lin, H., Mayaux, P., Mücher, S., Nonguierma, A., Stibig, H., Y. Shimabakuro, Van Bogaert, E., Vancutsem, C., Bicheron, P., Leroy, M., Arino, O., 2011b. GLOBCOVER 2005 and GLOBCOVER 2009 validation : learnt lessons Proc. GOFC-GOLD Global Land Cover & Change Validation Workshop, Laxenburg, Austria.
23. Defourny P., Mayaux P., Herold M., Bontemps S. Global Land-Cover Map Validation Experiences, Remote Sensing of Land Use and Land Cover. CRC Press 2012, 207-224.
24. Di Gregorio A. Land cover classification system: classification concepts and user manual: LCCS 2005, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
25. Drobne S., Lisec A. Multi-attribute decision analysis in GIS: weighted linear combination and ordered weighted averaging. Informatica 2009, 33:459-474.
26. Eva H., Carboni S., Achard F., Stach N., Durieux L., Faure J.-F., Mollicone D. Monitoring forest areas from continental to territorial levels using a sample of medium spatial resolution satellite imagery. ISPRS J. Photogram. Remote Sens. 2010, 65:191-197.
27. FAO FRA 2000: Global Forest Cover Mapping 2001, Forest Resources Assessment Programme, FAO, Rome, p. 19.
28. FAO Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010 2007, Forestry Department, FAO, Rome. R. Ridder (Ed.).
29. FAO Terrestrial Essential Climate Variables: For Climate Change Assessment, Mitigation and Adaptation 2008, FAO, Rome. R. Sessa, H. Dolman (Eds.).
30. FAO, JRC Global Forest Land-use Change 1990-2005 2012, FAO and JRC, Rome. E.J. Lindquist, R. D'Annunzio, A. Gerrand, K. MacDicken, F. Achard, R. Beuchle, A. Brink, H.D. Eva, P. Mayaux, J. San-Miguel-Ayanz (Eds.).
31. Foley J.A., DeFries R., Asner G.P., Barford C., Bonan G., Carpenter S.R., Chapin F.S., Coe M.T., Daily G.C., Gibbs H.K. Global consequences of land use. Science 2005, 309:570-574.
32. Foody G.M. Status of land cover classification accuracy assessment. Remote Sens. Environ. 2002, 80:185-201.
33. Foody G.M. Harshness in image classification accuracy assessment. Int. J. Remote Sens. 2008, 29:3137-3158.
34. Foody G.M. Sample size determination for image classification accuracy assessment and comparison. Int. J. Remote Sens. 2009, 30:5273-5291.
35. Foody G.M. Assessing the accuracy of land cover change with imperfect ground reference data. Remote Sens. Environ. 2010, 114:2271-2285.
36. Frey K.E., Smith L.C. How well do we know northern land cover? Comparison of four global vegetation and wetland products with a new ground-truth database for West Siberia. Global Biogeochem. Cycl. 2007, 21:GB1016.
37. Friedl M.A., McIver D.K., Hodges J.C.F., Zhang X.Y., Muchoney D., Strahler A.H., Woodcock C.E., Gopal S., Schneider A., Cooper A. Global land cover mapping from MODIS: algorithms and early results. Remote Sens. Environ. 2002, 83:287-302.
38. Friedl M.A., Sulla-Menashe D., Tan B., Schneider A., Ramankutty N., Sibley A., Huang X.M. MODIS Collection 5 global land cover: algorithm refinements and characterization of new datasets. Remote Sens. Environ. 2010, 114:168-182.
39. Fritz S., McCallum I., Schill C., Perger C., Grillmayer R., Achard F., Kraxner F., Obersteiner M. Geo-wiki. org: the use of crowdsourcing to improve global land cover. Remote Sens. 2009, 1:345-354.
40. Fritz S., McCallum I., Schill C., Perger C., See L., Schepaschenko D., van der Velde M., Kraxner F., Obersteiner M. Geo-Wiki: an online platform for improving global land cover. Environ. Modell. Software 2011.
41. Fritz S., See L., McCallum I., Schill C., Obersteiner M., van der Velde M., Boettcher H., Havlík P., Achard F. Highlighting continued uncertainty in global land cover maps for the user community. Environ. Res. Lett. 2011, 6:044005.
42. Fritz S., You L., Bun A., See L., McCallum I., Schill C., Perger C., Liu J., Hansen M., Obersteiner M. Cropland for sub-Saharan Africa: a synergistic approach using five land cover data sets. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2011, 38:L04404.
43. Fritz S., See L., You L., Justice C., Becker-Reshef I., Bydekerke L., Cumani R., Defourny P., Foley J.A., Gilliams S., Gong P., Hansen M., Hertel T., Herold M., Herrero M., Kayitakire F., Latham J., Leo O., McCallum I., Obersteine M., Ramankutty N., Rocha J., Tang H., Thornton P., Vancutsem C., van der Velde M., Wood S., Woodcock C. The need for improved maps of global cropland. Eos, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 2013, 94:2.
44. Gallego F.J., Stibig H.J. Area estimation from a sample of satellite images: the impact of stratification on the clustering efficiency. Int. J. Appl. Earth Observ. Geoinform. 2012.
45. Gardin S., Van Laere S., Vancoillie F., Anseel F., Duyck W., De Wulf R., Verbeke L. Remote sensing meets psychology: a concept for operator performance assessment. Remote Sens. Lett. 2011, 2:251.
46. GEO, 2012. Group on Earth Observations. (accessed 24 May). http://www.earthobservations.org/about_geo.shtml.
47. Giri C., Zhu Z., Reed B. A comparative analysis of the Global Land Cover 2000 and MODIS land cover data sets. Remote Sens. Environ. 2005, 94:123-132.
48. GOFC-GOLD A sourcebook of methods and procedures for monitoring and reporting anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and removals caused by deforestation, gains and losses of carbon stocks in forests remaining forests, and forestation 2011, GOFC-GOLD Project Office, Natural Resources Canada, Alberta, Canada. F. Achard, S. Brown, M. Brady, R. DeFries, G. Grassi, M. Herold, D. Mollicone, D. Pandey, C. Souza (Eds.).
49. Göhmann, H., Herold, M., Jung, M., Schulz, M., Schmullius, C., 2009. Prototyping a probability-based Best Map Approach for global land cover datasets at 1km resolution using MODIS, GLC2000, UMD and IGBP. In: Proc. 33rd ISRSE, Stresa, Italy 4-8 May.
50. Goldewijk K.K., Van Drecht G., Bouwman A. Mapping contemporary global cropland and grassland distributions on a 5×5 minute resolution. J. Land Use Sci. 2007, 2:167-190.
51. Gong P., Wang J., Yu L., Zhao Y., Zhao Y., Liang L., Niu Z., Huang X., Fu H., Liu S., Li C., Li X., Fu W., Liu C., Xu Y., Wang X., Cheng Q., Hu L., Yao W., Zhang H., Zhu P., Zhao Z., Zhang H., Zheng Y., Ji L., Zhang Y., Chen H., Yan A., Guo J., Yu L., Wang L., Liu X., Shi T., Zhu M., Chen Y., Yang G., Tang P., Xu B., Giri C., Clinton N., Zhu Z., Chen J., Chen J. Finer resolution observation and monitoring of global land cover: first mapping results with Landsat TM and ETM+ data. Int. J. Remote Sens. 2013, 34:2607-2654.
52. Hansen M.C., Reed B. A comparison of the IGBP DISCover and University of Maryland 1km global land cover products. Int. J. Remote Sens. 2000, 21:1365-1373.
53. Hansen M., DeFries R., Townshend J., Sohlberg R. Global land cover classification at 1km spatial resolution using a classification tree approach. Int. J. Remote Sens. 2000, 21:1331-1364.
54. Hansen M., DeFries R., Townshend J., Carroll M., Dimiceli C., Sohlberg R. Global percent tree cover at a spatial resolution of 500 meters: first results of the MODIS vegetation continuous fields algorithm. Earth Interact. 2003, 7:1-15.
55. Hansen M.C., Stehman S.V., Potapov P.V. Quantification of global gross forest cover loss. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 2010, 107:8650-8655.
56. Harris N.L., Brown S., Hagen S.C., Saatchi S.S., Petrova S., Salas W., Hansen M.C., Potapov P.V., Lotsch A. Baseline map of carbon emissions from deforestation in tropical regions. Science 2012, 336:1573-1576.
57. Herold M., Woodcock C.E., di Gregorio A., Mayaux P., Belward A.S., Latham J., Schmullius C.C. A joint initiative for harmonization and validation of land cover datasets. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 2006, 44:1719-1727.
58. Herold M., Mayaux P., Woodcock C.E., Baccini A., Schmullius C. Some challenges in global land cover mapping: an assessment of agreement and accuracy in existing 1km datasets. Remote Sens. Environ. 2008, 112:2538-2556.
59. Herold M., Hubald R., Di Gregorio A. Translating and Evaluating Land Cover Legends Using the UN Land Cover Classification System (LCCS), FAO Workshop 2009, GOFC-GOLD, Jena, Germany.
60. Herold, M., Woodcock, C.E., Stehman, S.V., Nightingale, J., Friedl, M.A., Schmullius, C., 2009b. The GOFC-GOLD/CEOS land cover harmonization and validation initiative: technical design and implementation. In: Proc. 33rd ISRSE, Stresa, Italy 4-8 May.
61. Herold M., van Groenestijn A., Kooistra L., Kalogirou V., Arino O. User Requirements documents: Land Cover CCI 2011, Université catholique de Louvain (UCL)-Geomatics, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
62. Hibbard K., Janetos A., van Vuuren D.P., Pongratz J., Rose S.K., Betts R., Herold M., Feddema J.J. Research priorities in land use and land-cover change for the Earth system and integrated assessment modelling. Int. J. Climatol. 2010.
63. Huttich C., Herold M., Wegmann M., Cord A., Strohbach B., Schmullius C., Dech S. Assessing effects of temporal compositing and varying observation periods for large-area land-cover mapping in semi-arid ecosystems: implications for global monitoring. Remote Sens. Environ. 2011, 115:2445-2459.
64. Janssen L.L.F., Van der Wel F.J.M. Accuracy assessment of satellite derived land-cover data: a review. Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. 1994, 60:419-426.
65. JECAM, 2012. Joint Experiment of Crop Assessment and Monitoring. (accessed 22, November). http://www.jecam.org/.
66. Joseph S., Blackburn G.A., Gharai B., Sudhakar S., Thomas A., Murthy M.S.R. Monitoring conservation effectiveness in a global biodiversity hotspot: the contribution of land cover change assessment. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2009, 158:169-179.
67. Jung M., Henkel K., Herold M., Churkina G. Exploiting synergies of global land cover products for carbon cycle modeling. Remote Sens. Environ. 2006, 101:534-553.
68. Kooistra, L., Groenestijn, A., Kalogirou, V., Arino, O., Herold, M., 2010. User requirements from the climate modelling community for next generation global products from land cover CCI project. In: Proc. ESA-iLEAPS-EGU joint Conference 2010, Frascati, Italy 3-5 November 2010.
69. Kyriakidis P.C., Dungan J.L. A geostatistical approach for mapping thematic classification accuracy and evaluating the impact of inaccurate spatial data on ecological model predictions. Environ. Ecol. Stat. 2001, 8:311-330.
70. Li W., Zhang C. A Markov chain geostatistical framework for land-cover classification with uncertainty assessment based on expert-interpreted pixels from remotely sensed imagery. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 2011, 49:2983-2992.
71. López-Carr D., Davis J., Jankowska M.M., Grant L., López-Carr A.C., Clark M. Space versus place in complex human-natural systems: spatial and multi-level models of tropical land use and cover change (LUCC) in Guatemala. Ecol. Model. 2011, 229:64-75.
72. Loveland T., Reed B., Brown J., Ohlen D., Zhu Z., Yang L., Merchant J. Development of a global land cover characteristics database and IGBP DISCover from 1km AVHRR data. Int. J. Remote Sens. 2000, 21:1303-1330.
73. Magnussen S., de Bruin S. Updating cover type maps using sequential indicator simulation. Remote Sens. Environ. 2003, 87:161-170.
74. Malczewski J. On the use of weighted linear combination method in GIS: common and best practice approaches. Trans. GIS 2000, 4:5-22.
75. Malczewski J. Ordered weighted averaging with fuzzy quantifiers: GIS-based multicriteria evaluation for land-use suitability analysis. Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. 2006, 8:270-277.
76. Mayaux P., Eva H., Gallego J., Strahler A.H., Herold M., Agrawal S., Naumov S., De Miranda E.E., Di Bella C.M., Ordoyne C., Kopin Y., Roy P.S. Validation of the global land cover 2000 map. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 2006, 44:1728-1739.
77. McCallum I., Obersteiner M., Nilsson S., Shvidenko A. A spatial comparison of four satellite derived 1km global land cover datasets. Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. 2006, 8:246-255.
78. McRoberts R.E. Probability-and model-based approaches to inference for proportion forest using satellite imagery as ancillary data. Remote Sens. Environ. 2010, 114:1017-1025.
79. Monfreda C., Ramankutty N., Foley J.A. Farming the planet: 2. Geographic distribution of crop areas, yields, physiological types, and net primary production in the year 2000. Global Biogeochem. Cycl. 2008, 22:GB1022.
80. Mora B., Tsendbazar N.E., Herold M., Arino O. Global land cover mapping: Current status and future trends. Land Use and Land Cover Mapping in Europe: Practices and Trends 2014, 441. Springer, Netherlands. I. Manakos, M. Braun (Eds.).
81. Nakaegawa T. Uncertainty in land cover datasets for global land-surface models derived from 1-km global land cover datasets. Hydrol. Process. 2011, 25:2703-2714.
82. NASA, 2013. Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). (accessed 18 February). http://www.npp.gsfc.nasa.gov/viirs.html.
83. Olofsson P., Stehman S.V., Woodcock C.E., Sulla-Menashe D., Sibley A.M., Newell J.D., Friedl M.A., Herold M. A global land-cover validation data set, part I: fundamental design principles. Int. J. Remote Sens. 2012, 33:5768-5788.
84. Olofsson P., Foody G.M., Stehman S.V., Woodcock C.E. Making better use of accuracy data in land change studies: Estimating accuracy and area and quantifying uncertainty using stratified estimation. Remote Sens. Environ. 2013, 129:122-131.
85. Pérez-Hoyos A., García-Haro F.J., San-Miguel-Ayanz J. Conventional and fuzzy comparisons of large scale land cover products: Application to CORINE, GLC2000, MODIS and GlobCover in Europe. ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens. 2012, 74:185-201.
86. Perger C., Fritz S., See L., Schill C., Van Der Velde M., Mccallum I., Obersteiner M. A Campaign to Collect Volunteered Geographic Information on Land Cover and Human Impact, Proc. GI-Forum 2012: Geovizualisation 2012, Society and Learning, Salzburg, Austria.
87. Pittman K., Hansen M.C., Becker-Reshef I., Potapov P.V., Justice C.O. Estimating global cropland extent with multi-year MODIS data. Remote Sens. 2010, 2:1844-1863.
88. Potapov P., Hansen M., Gerrand A., Lindquist E., Pittman K., Turubanova S., Wilkie M.L. The global Landsat imagery database for the FAO FRA remote sensing survey. Int. J. Digit. Earth 2011, 4:2-21.
89. Poulter B., Ciais P., Hodson E., Lischke H., Maignan F., Plummer S., Zimmermann N. Plant functional type mapping for earth system models. Geosci. Model Dev. 2011, 4:993-1010.
90. Powell R., Matzke N., De Souza C. Sources of error in accuracy assessment of thematic land-cover maps in the Brazilian Amazon. Remote Sens. Environ. 2004, 90:221-234.
91. Quaife T., Quegan S., Disney M., Lewis P., Lomas M., Woodward F.I. Impact of land cover uncertainties on estimates of biospheric carbon fluxes. Global Biogeochem. Cycl. 2008, 22:GB4016.
92. Ramankutty N., Evan A.T., Monfreda C., Foley J.A. Farming the planet: 1. Geographic distribution of global agricultural lands in the year 2000. Global Biogeochem. Cycl. 2008, 22:GB1003.
93. Redo D.J., Aide T.M., Clark M.L., Andrade-NÚnez M.J. Impacts of internal and external policies on land change in Uruguay, 2001-2009. Environ. Conserv. 2012, 39:122-131.
94. Saaty T. A scaling method for priorities in hierarchical structures. J. Math. Psychol. 1977, 15:234-281.
95. Sachs J., Remans R., Smukler S., Winowiecki L., Andelman S.J., Cassman K.G., Castle D., DeFries R., Denning G., Fanzo J. Monitoring the world's agriculture. Nature 2010, 466:558-560.
96. Scepan J., Menz G., Hansen M.C. The DISCover validation image interpretation process. Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. 1999, 65:1075-1081.
97. Schneider A., Friedl M., Potere D. A new map of global urban extent from MODIS satellite data. Environ. Res. Lett. 2009, 4:044003.
98. See, L., Fritz, S., Thornton, P., You, L., Becker-Reshef, I., Justice, C., Leo, O., Herrero, M., 2012 Building a Consolidated Community Global Cropland Map. (accessed 22, November). http://www.earthzine.org/2012/01/24/building-a-consolidated-community-global-cropland-map/.
99. Sertel E., Robock A., Ormeci C. Impacts of land cover data quality on regional climate simulations. Int. J. Climatol. 2010, 30:1942-1953.
100. Stehman S.V. Selecting and interpreting measures of thematic classification accuracy. Remote Sens. Environ. 1997, 62:77-89.
101. Stehman S.V. Practical implications of design-based sampling inference for thematic map accuracy assessment. Remote Sens. Environ. 2000, 72:35-45.
102. Stehman S.V., Czaplewski R.L. Design and analysis for thematic map accuracy assessment: fundamental principles. Remote Sens. Environ. 1998, 64:331-344.
103. Stehman S.V., Wickham J.D. Pixels, blocks of pixels, and polygons: choosing a spatial unit for thematic accuracy assessment. Remote Sens. Environ. 2011.
104. Stehman S.V., Olofsson P., Woodcock C.E., Herold M., Friedl M.A. A global land-cover validation data set, II: augmenting a stratified sampling design to estimate accuracy by region and land-cover class. Int. J. Remote Sens. 2012, 33:6975-6993.
105. Strahler A., Friedl M., Schaaf C., Zhang X., Hodges J. Validation of the Consistent-year v003 MODIS Land Cover Product 2003, Department of Geography, Boston University.
106. Strahler A.H., Boschetti L., Foody G.M., Friedl M.A., Hansen M.C., Herold M., Mayaux P., Morisette J.T., Stehman S.V., Woodcock C.E. Global Land Cover Validation: Recommendations for Evaluation and Accuracy Assessment of Global Land Cover Maps 2006, European Communities, Luxembourg, p. 51.
107. Tateishi R., Uriyangqai B., Al-Bilbisi H., Ghar M.A., Tsend-Ayush J., Kobayashi T., Kasimu A., Hoan N.T., Shalaby A., Alsaaideh B., Enkhzaya T., Gegentana Sato H.P. Production of global land cover data - GLCNMO. Int. J. Digit. Earth 2011, 4:22-49.
108. Townshend J.R., Masek J.G., Huang C., Vermote E.F., Gao F., Channan S., Sexton J.O., Feng M., Narasimhan R., Kim D. Global characterization and monitoring of forest cover using Landsat data: opportunities and challenges. Int. J. Digit. Earth 2012, 5:373-397.
109. Van Oort P. Improving land cover change estimates by accounting for classification errors. Int. J. Remote Sens. 2005, 26:3009-3024.
110. Verburg P.H., Neumann K., Nol L. Challenges in using land use and land cover data for global change studies. Glob. Change Biol. 2011, 17:974-989.
111. Wulder M.A., Franklin S.E., White J.C., Linke J., Magnussen S. An accuracy assessment framework for large-area land cover classification products derived from medium-resolution satellite data. Int. J. Remote Sens. 2006, 27:663-683.
112. Yager R.R. On ordered weighted averaging aggregation operators in multicriteria decisionmaking. IEEE Trans. Syst., Man Cyber. 1988, 18:183-190.
113. You L., Wood S., Wood-Sichra U. Generating plausible crop distribution maps for Sub-Saharan Africa using a spatially disaggregated data fusion and optimization approach. Agric. Syst. 2009, 99:126-140.