When Does Cognitive Functioning Peak? The Asynchronous Rise and Fall of Different Cognitive Abilities Across the Life Span

Psychological Science

Volumn 26, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 433-443

  Hartshorne, Joshua K ^a   Germine, Laura T ^b  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

cognitive ability; cognitive development; individual differences; intelligence; language development

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; AGING; COGNITION; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTELLIGENCE TEST; MALE; MEMORY; MIDDLE AGED; PHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGY; RISK FACTOR; VERY ELDERLY; YOUNG ADULT;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AGING; COGNITION; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTELLIGENCE TESTS; MALE; MEMORY; MIDDLE AGED; RISK FACTORS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84927629360     PISSN: 09567976     EISSN: 14679280     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0956797614567339     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Ardila A.Normal aging increases cognitive heterogeneity: Analysis of dispersion in WAIS-III scores across age.Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology. 2007;22:1003-1011
2. Baltes P. B.Theoretical propositions of life-span developmental psychology: On the dynamics between growth and decline.Developmental Psychology. 1987;23:611-626
3. Baron-Cohen S.,Wheelwright S.,Hill J.The “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” Test revised version: A study with normal adults, and adults with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism.Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2001;42:241-251
4. Bayley N.Carmichael’s manual of child psychology. 1970). Development of mental abilities. In MussenP. H. (Ed.), Carmichael’s manual of child psychology (3rd ed., Vol. 1, pp. 1163–1209). New York, NY: Wiley.Mussen P. H., ed. New York, NY: Wiley; 1970:1163-1209.
5. Cattell R. B.Abilities: Their structure, growth, and action. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin; 1971:
6. Doppelt J. E.,Wallace W. L.Standardization of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale for older persons.Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 1955;51:312-330
7. Eng H. Y.,Chen D.,Jiang Y.Visual working memory for simple and complex visual stimuli.Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 2005;12:1127-1133
8. Flynn J.What is intelligence?. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press; 2007:
9. Flynn J.Problems with IQ gains: The huge vocabulary gap.Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment. 2010;28:412-433
10. Fox C.,Birren J. E.Some factors affecting vocabulary size in later maturity: Age, education, and length of institutionalization.Journal of Gerontology. 1949;4:19-26
11. Gathercole S. E.,Adams A.-M.,Hitch G. J.Do young children rehearse? An individual-differences analysis.Memory & Cognition. 1994;22:201-207
12. Germine L.,Nakayama K.,Duchaine B. C.,Chabris C. F.,Chatterjee G.,Wilmer J. B.Is the Web as good as the lab? Comparable performance from Web and lab in cognitive/perceptual experiments.Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 2012;19:847-857
13. Germine L. T.,Duchaine B.,Nakayama K.Where cognitive development and aging meet: Face learning ability peaks after age 30.Cognition. 2011;118:201-210
14. Ghisletta P.,Rabbit P.,Lunn M.,Lindenberger U.Two thirds of the age-based changes in fluid and crystallized intelligence, perceptual speed, and memory in adulthood are shared.Intelligence. 2012;40:260-268
15. Goh J. O.,An Y.,Resnick S. M.Differential trajectories of age-related changes in components of executive and memory processes.Psychology and Aging. 2012;27:707-719
16. Greenwood P. M.Functional plasticity in cognitive aging: Review and hypothesis.Neuropsychology. 2007;21:657-673
17. Halberda J.,Ly R.,Wilmer J. B.,Naiman D. Q.,Germine L.Number sense across the lifespan as revealed by a massive Internet-based sample.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA. 2012;109:11116-11120
18. Hampshire A.,Highfield R. R.,Parkin B. L.,Owen A. M.Fractionating human intelligence.Neuron. 2012;76:1225-1237
19. HartshorneJ. K. (2008). Visual working memory capacity and proactive interference. PLoS ONE, 3(7), Article e2716. Retrieved from http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0002716
20. HartshorneJ. K.SchachnerA. (2012). Tracking replicability as a method of post-publication open evaluation. Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience, 6, Article 8. Retrieved from http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncom.2012.00008/full
21. Johnson W.,Logie R. H.,Brockmole J. R.Working memory tasks differ in factor structure across age cohorts: Implications for dedifferentiation.Intelligence. 2010;38:513-528
22. Kaufman A. S.WAIS-III IQs, Horn’s theory, and generational changes from young adulthood to old age.Intelligence. 2001;29:131-167
23. Lee H. F.,Gorsuch R. L.,Saklofske D. H.,Patterson D. A.Cognitive differences for ages 16 to 89 years (Canadian WAIS-III).Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment. 2008;26:382-394
24. Logie R. H.,Maylor E. A.An Internet study of prospective memory across adulthood.Psychology and Aging. 2009;24:767-774
25. Matarazzo J. D.Wechsler’s measurement and appraisal of adult intelligence. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins; 1972:
26. Meyerson P.,Tryon W. W.Validating Internet research: A test of the psychometric equivalence of Internet and in-person samples.Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers. 2003;35:614-620
27. Moran J. M.Lifespan development: The effects of typical aging on theory of mind.Behavioral Brain Research. 2013;237:32-40
28. Murre J. M. J.,Janssen S. M. J.,Rouw R.,Meeter M.The rise and fall of immediate and delayed memory for verbal and visuospatial information from late childhood to late adulthood.Acta Psychologica. 2013;142:96-107
29. Nisbett R. E.,Aronson J.,Blair C.,Dickens W.,Flynn J.,Halpern D. F.,Turkheimer E.Intelligence: New findings and theoretical developments.American Psychologist. 2012;67:130-159
30. An open, large-scale, collaborative effort to estimate the reproducibility of psychological science.Perspectives on Psychological Science. 2012;7:657-660
31. Paus T.Mapping brain maturation and cognitive development during adolescence.Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 2005;9:60-68
32. Phillips W. A.On the distinction between sensory storage and short-term visual memory.Perception & Psychophysics. 1974;16:283-290
33. Salthouse T. A.Memory and aging from 18 to 80.Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders. 2003;17:162-167
34. Salthouse T. A.What and when of cognitive aging.Current Directions in Psychological Science. 2004;13:140-144
35. Schaie K. W.Developmental influences on adult intelligence: The Seattle Longitudinal Study. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2005:
36. Shakow D.,Goldman R.The effect of age on the Stanford-Binet vocabulary score of adults.Journal of Educational Psychology. 1938;29:241-256
37. Smith T. W.,Marsden P. V.,Hout M.General Social Surveys, 1972-2012: Cumulative Codebook. Chicago, IL: National Opinion Research Center; 2013:
38. Sorenson H.Mental ability over a wide range of adult ages.Journal of Applied Psychology. 1933;17:729-741
39. Tucker-Drob E. M.Global and domain-specific changes in cognition throughout adulthood.Developmental Psychology. 2011;47:331-343
40. Wechsler D.Technical manual for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Third Edition. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corp; 1997a:
41. Wechsler D.Technical manual for the Wechsler Memory Scale—Third Edition. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corp; 1997b:
42. Wilmer J.,Germine L.,Chabris C.,Chatterjee G.,Gerbasi M.,Nakayama K.Capturing specific abilities as a window into human individuality: The example of face recognition.Cognitive Neuropsychology. 2012;29:360-392
43. Wisdom N. M.,Mignogna J.,Collins R. L.Variability in Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV subtest performance across age.Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology. 2012;27:389-397