The question of ‘What to imitate’: Inferring goals and intentions from demonstrations

Imitation and Social Learning in Robots, Humans and Animals: Behavioural, Social and Communicative Dimensions

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 135-152

  Carpenter, Malinda ^a   Call, Josep ^a  

^a MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR EVOLUTIONARY ANTHROPOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84926979816     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511489808.011     Document Type: Chapter

References (56)

1. Alissandrakis, A., Nehaniv, D. and Dautenhahn, K. (2002). Imitation with ALICE: learning to imitate corresponding actions across dissimilar embodiments. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans, 32, 482-96.
2. Atkins, C. K., Klein, E. D. and Zentall, T. R. (2002). Imitative learning in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) using the bidirectional control procedure. Animal Learning & Behavior, 30, 275-81.
3. Atkins, C. K. and Zentall, T. R. (1996). Imitative learning in male Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) using the two-action method. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 110, 316-20.
4. Baldwin, D. A. and Baird, J. A. (2001). Discerning intentions in dynamic human action. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 5, 171-8.
5. Baldwin, D. A., Baird, J. A., Saylor, M. M. and Clark, M. A. (2001). Infants parse dynamic action. Child Development, 72, 708-17.
6. Behne, T., Carpenter, M. and Tomasello, M. (2006a). From attention to intention: 18-month-olds use others’ focus of attention for action interpretation. Poster presented at the meetings of the International Conference on Infancy Studies, Kyoto, Japan.
7. Behne, T., Carpenter, M., van Veen, A. and Tomasello, M. (2006b). Infants use attention and reaction information to infer others’ goals. Unpublished data.
8. Bekkering, H., Wohlschläger, A. and Gattis, M. (2000). Imitation of gestures in children is goal-directed. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 53A, 153-64.
9. Bellagamba, F. and Tomasello, M. (1999). Re-enacting intended acts: comparing 12- and 18-month-olds. Infant Behavior and Development, 22, 277-82.
10. Billard, A., Epars, Y., Cheng, G. and Schaal, S. (2003). Discovering imitation strategies through categorization of multi-dimensional data. Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, Las Vegas, Nevada.
11. Billard, A. and Schaal, S. (2001). Robust learning of arm trajectories through human demonstration. In Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, Maui, Hawaii.
12. Boesch, C. and Boesch, H. (2000). The Chimpanzees of the Tai Forest. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
13. Breazeal, C. and Scassellati, B. (2002). Challenges in building robots that imitate people. In K. Dautenhahn and C. L. Nehaniv (eds.), Imitation in Animals and Artifacts. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 363-90.
14. Byrne, R. W. (1999). Imitation without intentionality. Using string parsing to copy the organization of behaviour. Animal Cognition, 2, 63-72.
15. Call, J. (2001). Body imitation in an enculturated orangutan. Cybernetics and Systems, 32, 97-119.
16. Call, J. and Carpenter, M. (2002). Three sources of information in social learning. In K. Dautenhahn and C. L. Nehaniv (eds.), Imitation in Animals and Artifacts. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 211-28.
17. Call, J. and Carpenter, M. (2003). On imitation in apes and children. Infanciay Aprendizaje, 26, 325-49.
18. Call, J., Carpenter, M. and Tomasello, M. (2005). Copying results and copying actions in the process of social learning: chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and human children (Homo sapiens). Animal Cognition, 8, 151-63.
19. Call, J., Hare, B., Carpenter, M. and Tomasello, M. (2004). Unwilling or unable: Chimpanzees’ understanding of human intentional action. Developmental Science, 7, 488-98.
20. Call, J. and Tomasello, M. (1998). Distinguishing intentional from accidental actions in orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus), chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and human children (Homo sapiens). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 112, 192-206.
21. Campbell, F. M., Heyes, C. M. and Goldsmith, A. R. (1999). Stimulus learning and response learning by observation in the European starling in a two- object/two-action test. Animal Behaviour, 58, 151-8.
22. Carpenter, M. (2006). Instrumental, social, and shared goals and intentions in imitation. In S. Rogers and J. Williams (eds.), Imitation and the Development of the Social Mind: Lessons from Typical Development and Autism. New York: Guilford, 48-70.
23. Carpenter, M., Akhtar, N. and Tomasello, M. (1998). Fourteen through 18- month-old infants differentially imitate intentional and accidental actions. Infant Behavior and Development, 21, 315-30.
24. Carpenter, M. and Call, J. (2002). The chemistry of social learning. Developmental Science, 5, 22-4.
25. Carpenter, M., Call, J. and Tomasello, M. (2002). Understanding ‘prior intentions’ enables 2-year-olds to imitatively learn a complex task. Child Development, 73, 1431-41.
26. Carpenter, M., Call, J. and Tomasello, M. (2005). Twelve- and 18-month-olds imitate actions in terms of goals. Developmental Science, 8, F13-20.
27. Custance, D., Whiten, A. and Bard, K. (1995). Can young chimpanzees imitate arbitrary actions? Behaviour, 132, 839-58.
28. Dautenhahn, K. (1994). Trying to imitate - a step towards releasing robots from social isolation. In P. Gaussier and J.-D. Nicoud (eds.), Proceedings from Perception to Action Conference. Lausanne, Switzerland: IEEE Computer Society Press.
29. Dautenhahn, K. (1995). Getting to know each other - artificial social intelligence for autonomous robots. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 16, 333-56.
30. Dautenhahn, K. and Nehaniv, C. L. (2002a). The agent-based perspective on imitation. In K. Dautenhahn and C. Nehaniv (eds.), Imitation in Animals and Artifacts. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1-40.
31. Dautenhahn, K. and Nehaniv, C. L. (eds.) (2002b). Imitation in Animals and Artifacts. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
32. Demiris, J. and Hayes, G. (2002). Imitation as a dual-route process featuring predictive and learning components: a biologically plausible computational model. In K. Dautenhahn and C. Nehaniv (eds.), Imitation in Animals and Artifacts. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 327-61.
33. Galef, B. and Zentall, T. (1988). Social learning: Psychological and biological perspectives. Hillsdale, NJ: LEA.
34. Gergely, G. (2003). What should a robot learn from an infant? Mechanisms of action interpretation and observational learning in infancy. Connection Science, 15, 191-209.
35. Gergely, G., Bekkering, H. and Kiraly, I. (2002). Rational imitation in preverbal infants. Nature, 415, 755.
36. Herman, L. M. (2002). Vocal, social, and self-imitation by bottlenosed dolphins. In K. Dautenhahn and C. L. Nehaniv (eds.), Imitation in Animals and Artifacts Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 63-108.
37. Heyes, C. and Galef, B. G. (1996). Social Learning in Animals. San Diego: Academic Press.
38. Johnson, M. and Demiris, Y. (2004). Abstraction in recognition to solve the correspondence problem for robot imitation. In Proceedings of TAROS, Essex.
39. Klein, E. D. and Zentall, T. R. (2003). Imitation and affordance learning by pigeons (Columba livia). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 117, 414-19.
40. Kozima, H. and Yano, H. (2001). A robot that learns to communicate with human caregivers. In Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Epigenetic Robotics: Modeling Cognitive Development in Robotic Systems. Lund University Cognitive Studies, 47-52.
41. Meltzoff, A. N. (1995). Understanding the intentions of others: re-enactment of intended acts by 18-month-old children. Developmental Psychology, 31, 1-16.
42. Meltzoff, A. N., Gopnik, A. and Repacholi, B. M. (1999). Toddlers’ understanding of intentions, desires, and emotions: explorations of the dark ages. In P. D. Zelazo, J. W. Astington and D. R. Olson (eds.), Developing Theories of Intention: Social Understanding and Self-control. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 17-41.
43. Mottley, K. and Heyes, C. (2003). Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) copy virtual demonstrators in a two-action test. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 117, 363-70.
44. Myowa-Yamakoshi, M. and Matsuzawa, T. (1999). Factors influencing imitation of manipulatory actions in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 113, 128-36.
45. Myowa-Yamakoshi, M. and Matsuzawa, T. (2000) Imitation of intentional manipulatory actions in chimpanzees. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 114, 381-91.
46. Nehaniv, C. L. and Dautenhahn, K. (1998). Mapping between dissimilar bodies: affordances and the algebraic foundations of imitation. In J. Demiris and A. Birk (eds.), Proceedings of the European Workshop on Learning Robots (EWLR- 7), (Edinburgh, Scotland, 20 July 1998).
47. Nehaniv, C. L. and Dautenhahn, K. (2001). Like me? - Measures of correspondence and imitation. Cybernetics and Systems: An International Journal, 32, 11-51.
48. Nehaniv, C. L. and Dautenhahn, K. (2002). The correspondence problem. In K. Dautenhahn and C. L. Nehaniv (eds.), Imitation in Animals and Artifacts. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 41-61.
49. Rakoczy, H., Tomasello, M. and Striano, T. (2004). Young children know that trying is not pretending - a test of the “behaving-as-if” construal of children’s early concept of “pretense.” Developmental Psychology, 40, 388-99.
50. Rizzolatti, G., Fogassi, L. and Gallesse, V. (2001). Neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the understanding and imitation of action. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2, 661-9.
51. Tomasello, M. (1996). Do apes ape? In C. M. Heyes and B. G. Galef, Jr. (eds.). Social Learning in Animals: The Roots of Culture. New York: Academic Press, 319-46.
52. Tomasello, M. and Carpenter, M. (2005). The emergence of social cognition in three young chimpanzees. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 70(1, Serial No. 279).
53. Tomasello, M., Carpenter, M., Call, J., Behne, T. and Moll, H. (2005). Understanding and sharing intentions: the origins of cultural cognition. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 28, 675-735.
54. Tomasello, M., Kruger, A. C. and Ratner, H. (1993). Cultural learning. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 16, 495-552.
55. Užgiris, I. Ĉ. (1981). Two functions of imitation during infancy. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 4, 1-12.
56. Zentall, T. R., Sutton, J. E. and Sherburne, L. M. (1996). True imitative learning in pigeons. Psychological Science, 7, 343-6.