Sorafenib for the treatment of thyroid cancer: An updated review

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy

Volumn 16, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 573-583

  Krajewska, Jolanta ^a   Handkiewicz Junak, Daria ^a   Jarzab, Barbara ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF ONCOLOGY   (Poland)

Author keywords

BRAF inhibitor; Sorafenib; Thyroid cancer; Tyrosine kinase inhibitor; VEGFR inhibitor

Indexed keywords

SORAFENIB; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CARBANILAMIDE DERIVATIVE; NICOTINAMIDE; PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITOR; RADIOACTIVE IODINE;

ALOPECIA; ANAPLASTIC THYROID CANCER; ANOREXIA; CANCER REGRESSION; DIARRHEA; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; FATIGUE; HAND FOOT SYNDROME; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PROGRESSION FREE SURVIVAL; RASH; REVIEW; THYROID CANCER; THYROID MEDULLARY CARCINOMA; WEIGHT REDUCTION; ANALOGS AND DERIVATIVES; DISEASE FREE SURVIVAL; THYROID NEOPLASMS;

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; DISEASE-FREE SURVIVAL; HUMANS; IODINE RADIOISOTOPES; NIACINAMIDE; PHENYLUREA COMPOUNDS; PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITORS; THYROID NEOPLASMS;

EID: 84922879265     PISSN: 14656566     EISSN: 17447666     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2015.1005601     Document Type: Review

References (90)

1. Hundahl SA, Fleming ID, Fremgen AM, et al. A national cancer data base report on 53,856 cases of thyroid carcinoma treated in the U.S., 1985-1995 [see commetns]. Cancer 1998;83(12):2638-48
2. Sampson E, Brierley JD, Le LW, et al. Clinical management and outcome of papillary and follicular (differentiated) thyroid cancer presenting with distant metastasis at diagnosis. Cancer 2007;110(7):1451-6
3. Nixon IJ, Whitcher MM, Palmer FL, et al. The impact of distant metastases at presentation on prognosis in patients with differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Thyroid 2012;22(9):884-9
4. Mazzaferri EL, Jhiang SM. Long-term impact of initial surgical and medical therapy on papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. Am J Med 1994;97(5):418-28
5. Jarza?b B, Sporny S, Lange D, et al. [Diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer - Polish guidelines]. Endokrynol Pol 2010;61(5):518-68
6. Pacini F, Schlumberger M, Dralle H, et al. European consensus for the management of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma of the follicular epithelium. Eur J Endocrinol 2006;154(6):787-803
7. Cooper DS, Doherty GM, Haugen BR, et al. Revised American Thyroid Association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid 2009;19(11):1167-214
8. Durante C, Haddy N, Baudin E, et al. Long-term outcome of 444 patients with distant metastases from papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma: benefits and limits of radioiodine therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91(8):2892-9
9. Schlumberger M, Sherman SI. Approach to the patient with advanced differentiated thyroid cancer. Eur J Endocrinol 2012;166(1):5-11
10. Droz JP, Schlumberger M, Rougier P, et al. Chemotherapy in metastatic nonanaplastic thyroid cancer: experience at the institut gustave-roussy. Tumori 1990;76(5):480-3
11. Matuszczyk A, Petersenn S, Bockisch A, et al. Chemotherapy with doxorubicin in progressive medullary and thyroid carcinoma of the follicular epithelium. Horm Metab Res 2008;40(3):210-13
12. Tuttle R, Ball D, Byrd D, et al. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN guielines) thyroid carcinoma. NCCN Guidel 2013;Version 2: NCCN guidelines published on-line http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician-gls/pdf/thyroid.pdf
13. Ahmed M, Barbachano Y, Riddell A, et al. Analysis of the efficacy and toxicity of sorafenib in thyroid cancer: a Phase II study in a UK based population. Eur J Endocrinol 2011;165(2):315-22
14. Gupta-Abramson V, Troxel AB, Nellore A, et al. Phase II trial of sorafenib in advanced thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008;26(29):4714-19
15. Kloos RT, Ringel MD, Knopp M V, et al. Phase II trial of sorafenib in metastatic thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009;27(10):1675-84
16. Sherman SI, Wirth LJ, Droz J-P, et al. Motesanib diphosphate in progressive differentiated thyroid cancer. N Engl J Med 2008;359(1):31-42
17. Cohen EEW, Rosen LS, Vokes EE, et al. Axitinib is an active treatment for all histologic subtypes of advanced thyroid cancer: results from a phase II study. J Clin Oncol 2008;26(29):4708-13
18. Bible KC, Suman VJ, Molina JR, et al. Efficacy of pazopanib in progressive, radioiodine-refractory, metastatic differentiated thyroid cancers: results of a phase 2 consortium study. Lancet Oncol 2010;11(10):962-72
19. Carr LL, Mankoff DA, Goulart BH, et al. Phase II study of daily sunitinib in FDG-PET-positive, iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer and metastatic medullary carcinoma of the thyroid with functional imaging correlation. Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(21):5260-8
20. Leboulleux S, Bastholt L, Krause T, et al. Vandetanib in locally advanced or metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer: a randomised, double-blind, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol 2012;13(9):897-905
21. Brose MS, Nutting CM, Jarzab B, et al. Sorafenib in radioactive iodine-refractory, locally advanced or metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer: a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2014;384(9940):319-28
22. Schlumberger M, Tahara M, Wirth L, et al. A phase III, multicenter, double blind, placebo-controlled trial of lenvatinib (E7080) in patients 131Irefractory differentiated thyroid cancer (SELECT). J Clin Oncol 2014(32 Suppl):LBA6008
23. Wilhelm SM, Carter C, Tang L, et al. BAY 43-9006 exhibits broad spectrum oral antitumor activity and targets the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and receptor tyrosine kinases involved in tumor progression and angiogenesis. Cancer Res 2004;64(19):7099-109
24. Carlomagno F, Anaganti S, Guida T, et al. BAY 43-9006 inhibition of oncogenic RET mutants. J Natl Cancer Inst 2006;98(5):326-34
25. Cohen Y, Xing M, Mambo E, et al. BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2003;95(8):625-7
26. Kimura ET, Nikiforova MN, Zhu Z, et al. High prevalence of BRAF mutations in thyroid cancer: genetic evidence for constitutive activation of the RET/PTC-RAS-BRAF signaling pathway in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Res 2003;63(7):1454-7
27. Salvatore G, De Falco V, Salerno P, et al. BRAF is a therapeutic target in aggressive thyroid carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2006;12(5):1623-9
28. Xing M. BRAF mutation in thyroid cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2005;12(2):245-62
29. Antonelli A, Fallahi P, Ferrari SM, et al. New targeted therapies for thyroid cancer. Curr Genomics 2011;12(8):626-31
30. Xing M, Alzahrani AS, Carson KA, et al. Association between BRAF V600E mutation and mortality in patients with papillary thyroid cancer. JAMA 2013;309(14):1493-501
31. Xing M, Alzahrani AS, Carson KA, et al. Association between BRAF V600E mutation and recurrence of papillary thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol 2014;33(1):42-50
32. Ciampi R, Nikiforov YE. RET/PTC rearrangements and BRAF mutations in thyroid tumorigenesis. Endocrinology 2007;148(3):936-41
33. Espinosa A V, Porchia L, Ringel MD. Targeting BRAF in thyroid cancer. Br J Cancer 2007;96(1):16-20
34. Giusti F, Falchetti A, Franceschelli F, et al. Thyroid cancer: current molecular perspectives. J Oncol 2010;2010:351679
35. Xing M. Molecular pathogenesis and mechanisms of thyroid cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2013;13(3):184-99
36. Soh EY, Duh QY, Sobhi SA, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor expression is higher in differentiated thyroid cancer than in normal or benign thyroid. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82(11):3741-7
37. De la Torre NG, Buley I, Wass JA, et al. Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in thyroid proliferative lesions: relationship to type and tumour behaviour. Endocr Relat Cancer 2006;13(3):931-44
38. Klein M, Vignaud JM, Hennequin V, et al. Increased expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor is a pejorative prognosis marker in papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86(2):656-8
39. Bunone G, Vigneri P, Mariani L, et al. Expression of angiogenesis stimulators and inhibitors in human thyroid tumors and correlation with clinical pathological features. Am J Pathol 1999;155(6):1967-76
40. Sherman SI. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors and the thyroid. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009;23(6):713-22
41. Kim S, Yazici YD, Calzada G, et al. Sorafenib inhibits the angiogenesis and growth of orthotopic anaplastic thyroid carcinoma xenografts in nude mice. Mol Cancer Ther 2007;6(6):1785-92
42. Brose M, Troxel A, Redlinger M, et al. Effect of BRAF V600E on response to sorafenib in advanced thyroid cancers patients. J Clin Oncol 2009;27(15S):6002
43. Hoftijzer H, Heemstra KA, Morreau H, et al. Beneficial effects of sorafenib on tumor progression, but not on radioiodine uptake, in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Endocrinol 2009;161(6):923-31
44. Capdevila J, Iglesias L, Halperin I, et al. Sorafenib in metastatic thyroid cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2012;19(2):209-16
45. Brose MS, Nutting CM, Sherman SI, et al. Rationale and design of decision: a double-blind, randomized, placebocontrolled phase III trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients with locally advanced or metastatic radioactive iodine (RAI)- refractory, differentiated thyroid ca. BMC Cancer 2011;11:349
46. Brose M, Jarzab B, Elisei R, et al. Updated overall survival analysis of patients with locally advanced or metastatic radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer treated with sorafenib on phase 3 decision trial. J Clin Oncol 2014;32(15 Suppl):6060
47. Schlumberger M, Nutting C, Jarzab B, et al. Exploratory analysis of outcomes for patients with locally advanced or metastatic radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer receiving open-label sorafenib post progression on the phase III decision trial. Eur Thyroid J 2014;3(Suppl 1):101
48. Krajewska J, Olczyk T, Roskosz J, et al. Treatment with sorafenib in advanced thyroid cancer - a case report. Endokrynol Pol 2010;61(5):492-6
49. Shen Y, Ruan M, Luo Q, et al. Brain metastasis from follicular thyroid carcinoma: treatment with sorafenib. Thyroid 2012;22(8):856-60
50. Waguespack SG, Sherman SI, Williams MD, et al. The successful use of sorafenib to treat pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 2009;19(4):407-12
51. Iyer P, Mayer JLR, Ewig JM. Response to sorafenib in a pediatric patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma with diffuse nodular pulmonary disease requiring mechanical ventilation. Thyroid 2014;24(1):169-74
52. Chen L, Shen Y, Luo Q, et al. Response to sorafenib at a low dose in patients with radioiodine-refractory pulmonary metastases from papillary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 2011;21(2):119-24
53. Dadu R, Waguespack SG, Sherman SI, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of different starting doses of sorafenib in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Oncologist 2014;19(5):477-82
54. Shen CT, Qiu ZL, Luo QY. Sorafenib in the treatment of radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: a meta-analysis. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014;21(2):253-61
55. Lam ET, Ringel MD, Kloos RT, et al. Phase II clinical trial of sorafenib in metastatic medullary thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol 2010;28(14):2323-30
56. Savvides P, Nagaiah G, Lavertu P, et al. Phase II trial of sorafenib in patients with advanced anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid. Thyroid 2013;23(5):600-4
57. Cappagli V, Bottici V, Molinaro E, et al. Metastatic thyroid cancer unresponsive to conventional therapy treated with sorafenib off-label: an update of our 6 years of experience. Eur Thyroid J 2014;3(Suppl 1):103
58. Worden F, Fassnacht M, Shi Y, et al. Safety and tolerabity of sorafenib for treatment of locally advanced or metastatic radioactive iodine-refractory differentited thyroid cancer: detailed analyses from the phase III decision trial. J Clin Oncol 2014;32(15 Suppl):6062
59. Lee WJ, Lee JL, Chang SE, et al. Cutaneous adverse effects in patients treated with the multitargeted kinase inhibitors sorafenib and sunitinib. Br J Dermatol 2009;161(5):1045-51
60. Flaherty KT, Brose MS. Sorafenib-Related Hand-Foot Skin Reaction Improves, Not Worsens, with Continued Treatment. Clin Cancer Res 2009;15(24):7749
61. Senapati J, Devasia AJ, Ganapule A, et al. Sorafenib induced hand foot skin rash in FLT3 ITD mutated acute myeloid leukemia-a case report and review of Literature. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2014;6(1):e2014016
62. Brose MS, Frenette CT, Keefe SM, et al. Management of sorafenib-related adverse events: a clinician's perspective. Semin Oncol 2014;41(Suppl 2):S1-16
63. Bowen JM. Mechanisms of TKI-induced diarrhea in cancer patients. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2013;7(2):162-7
64. Illouz F, Laboureau-Soares S, Dubois S, et al. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors and modifications of thyroid function tests: a review. Eur J Endocrinol 2009;160(3):331-6
65. Feldt S, Schüssel K, Quinzler R, et al. Incidence of thyroid hormone therapy in patients treated with sunitinib or sorafenib: a cohort study. Eur J Cancer 2012;48(7):974-81
66. Makita N, Iiri T. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor-induced thyroid disorders: a review and hypothesis. Thyroid 2013;23(2):151-9
67. Brassard M, Neraud B, Trabado S, et al. Endocrine effects of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor vandetanib in patients treated for thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011;96(9):2741-9
68. Illouz F, Braun D, Briet C, et al. Thyroid effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Eur J Endocrinol 2014;171(3):R91-9
69. Wells SA, Robinson BG, Gagel RF, et al. Vandetanib in patients with locally advanced or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer: a randomized, double-blind phase III trial. J Clin Oncol 2012;30(2):134-41
70. Elisei R, Schlumberger MJ, Müller SP, et al. Cabozantinib in progressive medullary thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol 2013;31(29):3639-46
71. De Groot JW, Zonnenberg BA, van Ufford-Mannesse PQ, et al. A phase II trial of imatinib therapy for metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92(9):3466-9
72. Tamaskar I, Bukowski R, Elson P, et al. Thyroid function test abnormalities in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with sorafenib. Ann Oncol 2008;19(2):265-8
73. Van Doorn L, Eskens FALM, Visser TJ, et al. Sorafenib induced thyroiditis in two patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Thyroid 2011;21(2):197-202
74. Braun D, Kim TD, le Coutre P, et al. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors noncompetitively inhibit MCT8- mediated iodothyronine transport. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012;97(1):E100-5
75. Abdulrahman RM, Verloop H, Hoftijzer H, et al. Sorafenib-induced hypothyroidism is associated with increased type 3 deiodination. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95(8):3758-62
76. Verloop H, Smit JW, Dekkers OM. Sorafenib therapy decreases the clearance of thyrotropin. Eur J Endocrinol 2013;168(2):163-7
77. Kamba T, McDonald DM. Mechanisms of adverse effects of anti-VEGF therapy for cancer. Br J Cancer 2007;96(12):1788-95
78. Krajewska J, Jarzab B. Lenvatinib for the treatment of follicular and papillary thyroid cancer. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2014;2(12):1331-40
79. Lambrechts D, Carmeliet P. VEGF at the neurovascular interface: therapeutic implications for motor neuron disease. Biochim Biophys Acta 2006;1762(11-12):1109-21
80. Zhang ZF, Wang T, Liu LH, et al. Risks of proteinuria associated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014;9(3):e90135
81. Qi WX, Sun YJ, Tang LN, et al. Risk of gastrointestinal perforation in cancer patients treated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2014;89(3):394-403
82. Qi WX, Min DL, Shen Z, et al. Risk of venous thromboembolic events associated with VEGFR-TKIs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cancer 2013;132(12):2967-74
83. Qi W, Shen Z, Tang L, et al. Congestive heart failure risk in cancer patients treated with VEGFR-TKIs: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 36 clinical trials. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2014;78(4):748-62
84. Liu S, Kurzrock R. Toxicity of targeted therapy: implications for response and impact of genetic polymorphisms. Cancer Treat Rev 2014;40(7):883-91
85. Scheffel RS, Dora JM, Siqueira DR, et al. Toxic cardiomyopathy leading to fatal acute cardiac failure related to vandetanib: a case report with histopathological analysis. Eur J Endocrinol 2013;168(6):K51-4
86. Toubert ME, Vercellino L, Faugeron I, et al. Fatal heart failure after a 26-month combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in a papillary thyroid cancer. Thyroid 2011;21(4):451-4
87. Klein Hesselink EN, Klein Hesselink MS, De Bock GH, et al. Long-term cardiovascular mortality in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma: an observational study. J Clin Oncol 2013;31(32):4046-53
88. Zang J, Wu S, Tang L, et al. Incidence and risk of QTc interval prolongation among cancer patients treated with vandetanib: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2012;7(2):e30353
89. Izzedine H, Massard C, Spano JP, et al. VEGF signalling inhibition-induced proteinuria: mechanisms, significance and management. Eur J Cancer 2010;46(2):439-48
90. Schutz FA, Je Y, Richards CJ, et al. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials for the incidence and risk of treatment-related mortality in patients with cancer treated with vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. J Clin Oncol 2012;30(8):871-7