Hybridization and the species problem in conservation

Current Zoology

Volumn 61, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 206-216

  Fitzpatrick, Benjamin M ^a   Ryan, Maureen E ^b   Johnson, Jarrett R ^c   Corush, Joel ^a   Carter, Evin T ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^c WESTERN KENTUCKY UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Classification; Conservation; Delimitation; Genetics; Hybrid zone; Hybridization; Policy

Indexed keywords

EID: 84922277173     PISSN: 16745507     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/czoolo/61.1.206     Document Type: Article

References (108)

1. Abbott R, Albach D, Ansell S, Arntzen JW, Baird SJ et al., 2013. Hybridization and speciation. J. Evol. Biol. 26: 229-246.
2. Allendorf FW, Hohenlohe PA, Luikart G, 2010. Genomics and the future of conservation genetis. Nature Reviews Genetics 11: 697-709.
3. Allendorf FW, Leary RF, Hitt NP, Knudsen KL, Boyer MC et al., 2005. Cutthroat trout hybridization and the U. S. Endangered Species Act: One species, two policies. Conservation Biology 19: 1326-1328.
4. Allendorf FW, Luikart GH, Aitken SN, 2013. Conservation and the Genetics of Populations. 2nd edn. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
5. Anderson E, 1936. The species problem in Iris. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 23: 457-509.
6. Anderson E, Stebbins GL, Jr., 1954. Hybridization as an evolutionary stimulus. Evolution 8: 378-388.
7. Arnold ML, Bulger MR, Burke JM, Hempel AL, Williams JH, 1999. Natural hybridization: How low can you go and still be important? Ecology 80: 371-381.
8. Arnold ML, Emms SK, 1998. Paradigm lost: Natural hybridization and evolutionary innovations. In: Howard DJ, Berlocher SH ed. Endless Forms: Species and Speciation. New York: Oxford University Press, 379-389.
9. Ayres DR, Smith DL, Zaremba K, Klohr S, Strong DR, 2004. Spread of exotic cordgrasses and hybrids (Spartina sp.) in the tidal marshes of San Francisco Bay, California, USA. Biological Invasions 6: 221-231.
10. Barker JSF, Cummins LJ, 1969. Disruptive selection for sternopleural bristle number in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 61: 697-712.
11. Barton NH, 2001. The role of hybridization in evolution. Molecular Ecology 10: 551-568.
12. Barton NH, Hewitt GM, 1989. Adaptation, speciation and hybrid zones. Nature 341: 497-503.
13. Bolnick DI, Fitzpatrick BM, 2007. Sympatric speciation: Models and empirical evidence. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 38: 459-487.
14. Bolnick DI, Near TJ, 2005. Tempo of hybrid inviability in centrarchid fishes (Teleosei: Centrarchidae). Evolution 59: 1754-1767.
15. Callicott JB, 1989. In Defense of the Land Ethic: Essays in Environmental Philosophy. Albany, NY: State University Press of New York Press.
16. Casper GS, 2003. Analysis of Aphibian and Reptile Distributions Using Presence-only Data. PhD Dissertation, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
17. Conant R, Collins JT, 1998. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America. New York: Houghton Mifflin.
18. Coyne JA, 1994. Ernst Mayr and the origin of species. Evolution 48: 19-30.
19. Coyne JA, Orr HA, 1989. Patterns of speciation in Drosophila. Evolution 43: 362-381.
20. Coyne JA, Orr HA, 2004. Speciation. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Ass.
21. Crandall KA, Bininda-Edmonds ORP, Mace GM, Wayne RK, 2000. Considering evolutionary processes in conservation biology: An alternative to 'evolutionarily significant units'. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 15: 290-295.
22. Daniels MJ, Corbett L, 2003. Redefining introgressed protected mammals: When is a wildcat a wild cat and a dingo a wild dog? Wildlife Research 30: 213-218.
23. Darwin C, 1859. The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. London: John Murray.
24. Davies KW, Boyd CS, Beck JL, Bates JD, Svejcar TJ et al., 2011. Saving the sagebrush sea: An ecosystem conservation plan for big sagebrush plant communities. Biological Conservation 144: 2573-2584.
25. De Miguel C, Henneberg M, 2001. Variation in hominid brain size: How much is due to method? Homo 2001: 3-58.
26. de Queiroz K, 1998. The general lineage concept of species, species criteria, and the process of speciation: A conceptual unification and terminological recommendations. In: Howard DJ, Berlocher SH ed. Endless Forms: Species and Speciation. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
27. de Queiroz K, 2005. Ernst Mayr and the modern concept of species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 102: 6600-6607.
28. Dittrich-Reed DR, Fitzpatrick BM, 2013. Transgressive hybrids as hopeful monsters. Evolutionary Biology 40: 310-315.
29. Dobzhansky T, 1937. Genetics and the Origin of Species. New York: Columbia University Press.
30. Ellstrand NC, Schierenbeck KA, 2000. Hybridization as a stimulus for the evolution of invasiveness in plants? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 97: 7043-7050.
31. Endler JA, 1977. Geographic Variation, Speciation, and Clines. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
32. Ereshefsky M, 2009. Darwin's solution to the species problem. Synthese 175: 405-425.
33. Falush D, Stephens M, Pritchard JK, 2007. Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data: Dominant markers and null alleles. Molecular Ecology Notes 7: 574-578.
34. Fisher RA, 1936. The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems. Annals of Eugenics 7: 179-188.
35. Fitzpatrick BM, 2012. Underappreciated consequences of phenotypic plasticity for ecological speciation. International Journal of Ecology 2012, doi: 10. 1155/2012/256017.
36. Fitzpatrick BM, Johnson JR, Kump DK, Smith JJ, Voss SR et al., 2010. Rapid spread of invasive genes into a threatened native species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 107: 3606-3610.
37. Fitzpatrick BM, Placyk JS, Niemiller ML, Casper GS, Burghardt GM, 2008. Distinctiveness in the face of gene flow: Hybridization between specialist and generalist gartersnakes. Molecular Ecology 17: 4107-4117.
38. Frankham R, Ballou JD, Briscoe DA, 2002. Introduction to Conservation Genetics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
39. Frankham R, Ballou JD, Dudash MR, Eldridge MDB, Fenster CB et al., 2012. Implications of different species concepts for conserving biodiversity. Biological Conservation 153: 25-31.
40. Funk WC, McKay JK, Hohenlohe PA, Allendorf FW, 2012. Harnessing genomics for delineating conservation units. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 27: 489-496.
41. Futuyma DJ, 2013. Evolution. 3rd edn. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, Inc.
42. Giraud T, Gourbiere S, 2012. The tempo and modes of evolution of reproductive isolation in fungi. Heredity (Edinb) 109: 204-214.
43. Gould SJ, 1992. What is a species? Discover December 1992: http://discovermagazine. com/1992/dec/whatisaspecies165.
44. Grant PR, Grant RB, 2008. How and why Species Multiply: The Radiation of Darwin's Finches. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
45. Greig JC, 1979. Principles of genetic conservation in relation to wildlife management in Southern Africa. South African Journal of Wildlife Research 9: 57-78.
46. Grumbine RE, 1994. What is ecosystem management? Conservation Biology 8: 27-38.
47. Haig SM, Allendorf FW, 2006. Hybrid policies under the U. S. Endangered Species Act. In: J. M. Scott DDG, Davis FW ed. The Endangered Species Act at Thirty: Conserving Biodiversity in Human-dominated Landscapes. Washington, DC: Island Press.
48. Haig SM, Mullins TD, Forsman ED, Trail PD, Wennerberg L, 2004. Genetic identification of spotted owls, barred owls, and their hybrids: Legal implications of hybrid identity. Conservation Biology 18: 1347-1357.
49. Harrison RG, 1990. Hybrid zones: Windows on evolutionary process. Oxford Surveys in Evolutionary Biology 7: 69-128.
50. Harrison RG, 1993. Hybrids and hybrid zones: Historical perspective. In: Harrison RG ed. Hybrid Zones and the Evolutionary Process. New York: Oxford University Press.
51. Harrison RG, 1998. Linking evolutionary pattern and process: The relevance of species concepts for the study of speciation. In: Howard DJ, Berlocher SH ed. Endless Forms: Species and Speciation. New York: Oxford University Press.
52. Hausdorf B, 2011. Progress toward a general species concept. Evolution 65: 923-931.
53. Hedrick PW, Fredrickson R, 2010. Genetic rescue guidelines with examples from Mexican wolves and Florida panthers. Conservation Genetics 11: 615-626.
54. Hewitt GM, 1988. Hybrid zones: Natural laboratories for evolutionary studies. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 3: 158-167.
55. Hey J, 2001. The mind of the species problem. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 16: 326-329.
56. Hey J, 2009. Why should we care about species? Nature Education 2: 2.
57. Hobbs RJ, Arico S, Aronson J, Baron JS, Bridgewater P et al., 2006. Novel ecosystems: Theoretical and management aspects of the new ecological world order. Global Ecology and Biogeography 15: 1-7.
58. Hudson RR, Coyne JA, 2002. The mathematical consequences of the genealogical species concept. Evolution 56: 1557-1565.
59. IUCN, 2014. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 11. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Downloadable from http://www. iucnredlist. org/documents/RedListGuidelines. pdf.
60. Kelly EG, Forsman ED, 2004. Recent records of hybridization between barred owls and spotted owls. Auk 12: 806-810.
61. Latch EK, Harveson LA, King JS, Hobson MD, Rhodes OE, 2006. Assessing hybridization in wildlife populations using molecular markers: A case study in wild turkeys. Journal of Wildlife Management 70: 485-492.
62. Lester SE, McLeod KL, Tallis H, Ruckelshaus M, Halpern BS et al., 2010. Science in support of ecosystem-based management for the US West Coast and beyond. Biological Conservation 143: 576-587.
63. Levin LA, Neira C, Grosholz ED, 2006. Invasive cordgrass modified wetland trophic function. Ecology 87: 419-432.
64. Lim KY, Matyasek R, Kovarik A, Leitch A, 2007. Parental origin and genome evolution in the allopolyploid Iris versicolor. Annals of Botany 100: 219-224.
65. Lindenmayer DB, Fischer J, Felton A, Crane M, Michael D et al., 2008. Novel ecosystems resulting from landscape transformation create dilemmas for modern conservation practice. Conservation Letters 1: 129-135.
66. Mallet J, 1995. A species definition for the modern synthesis. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 10: 294-299.
67. Mallet J, 2005. Hybridization as an invasion of the genome. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 20: 229-237.
68. Matzke N, 2006. Fun with hominin cranial capacity datasets (and Excel). The Panda's Thumb. http://www. pandasthumb. org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-tb. fcgi/2605.
69. Mayr E, 1942. Systematics and the Origin of Species from the Viewpoint of a Zoologist. New York: Columbia University Press.
70. Mayr E, 1963. Animal Species and Evolution. Cambridge: Belknap.
71. Mayr E, 1982. The Growth of Biological Thought: Diversity, Evolution, and Inheritance. Cambridge, Mass: Belknap Press.
72. Moritz C, 1994. Defining "Evolutionarily Significant Units" for conservation. Trends Ecol Evol 9: 373-375.
73. Murcia C, Aronson J, Kattan GH, Moreno-Mateos D, Dixon K et al., 2014. A critique of the 'novel ecosystem' concept. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 29: 548-553.
74. NCEAS, 2014. Review of proposed rule regarding status of the wolf under the Endangered Species Act. http://www. fws. gov/home/wolfrecovery/pdf/Final_Review_of_Proposed_rule_rega rding_wolves2014. pdf.
75. Neira C, Levin LA, Grosholz ED, 2005. Benthic macrofaunal communities of three sites in San Francisco Bay invaded by hybrid Spartina, with comparison to uninvaded habitats. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 292: 111-126.
76. O'Brien SJ, Mayr E, 1991. Bureaucratic mischief: Recognizing endangered species and subspecies. Science 251: 1187-1188.
77. Oliveira R, Godinho R, Randi E, Alves PC, 2008. Hybridization versus conservation: Are domestic cats threatening the genetic integrity of wildcats Felis silvestris silvestris in Iberian Penin sula? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B 363: 2953-2961.
78. Palsbøll PJ, Berube M, Allendorf FW, 2007. Identification of management units using population genetic data. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 22: 11-16.
79. Pasachnik SA, Echternacht AC, Fitzpatrick BM, 2010. Gene trees, species and species trees in the Ctenosaura palearis clade. Conservation Genetics 11: 1767-1781.
80. Placyk JS, Fitzpatrick BM, Casper GS, Small RL, Reynolds RG et al., 2012. Hybridization between two gartersnake species (Thamnophis) of conservation concern: A threat or an important natural interaction? Conservation Genetics 13: 649-663.
81. Porch CE, 2005. The sustainability of western atlantic bluefin tuna: A warm-blooded fish in a hot-blooded fishery. Bulletin of Marine Science 76: 363-384.
82. Poulton EB, 1903. What is a species? Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1903: 77-116.
83. Presgraves DC, 2002. Patterns of postzygotic isolation in Lepidoptera. Evolution 56: 1168-1183.
84. Price T, 2008. Speciation in Birds. Greenwood Village, CO: Roberts and Company.
85. Ramsey J, Bradshaw HD, Schemske DW, 2003. Components of reproductive isolation between the monkeyflowers Mimulus lewisii and M. cardinalis (Phrymaceae). Evolution 57: 1520-1534.
86. Ramsey J, Ramsey TS, 2014. Ecological studies of polyploidy in the 100 years following its discovery. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci. 369(1648). DOI: 10. 1098/rstb. 2013. 0352.
87. Rieseberg LH, Burke JM, 2001. The biological reality of species: Gene flow, selection, and collective evolution. Taxon 50: 47-67.
88. Rieseberg LH, Wendel JF, 1993. Introgression and its consequences in plants. In: Harisson RG ed. Hybrid Zones and the Evolutionary Process. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
89. Rohde DLT, Olson S, Chang JT, 2004. Modelling the recent common ancestry of all living humans. Nature 431: 562-566.
90. Rojas M, 1992. The species problem in conservation: What are we protecting? Conservation Biology 6: 170-178.
91. Rossman DA, Ford NB, Seigel RA, 1996. The Garter Snakes: Evolution and Ecology. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press.
92. Ruiz-Jaén MC, Aide TM, 2005. Vegetation structure, species diversity, and ecosystem processes as measures of restoration success. Forest Ecology and Management 218: 159-173.
93. Rundle HD, Breden F, Griswold C, Mooers AØ, Vos RA et al., 2001. Hybridization without guilt: Gene flow and the biological species concept. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 14: 868-869.
94. Ryan ME, Johnson JR, Fitzpatrick BM, 2009. Invasive hybrid tiger salamander genotypes impact native amphibians. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 106: 11166-11171.
95. Sandler R, 2012. Intrinsic value, ecology, and conservation. Nature Education Knowledge 3: 4.
96. Sanz N, Araguas RM, Fernandez R, Vera M, Garcia-Marin J-L, 2008. Efficiency of markers and methods for detecting hybrids and introgression in stocked populations. Conservation Genetics 10: 225-236.
97. Sasa MM, Chippindale PT, Johnson NA, 1998. Patterns of postzygotic isolation in frogs. Evolution 52: 1811-1820.
98. Senanan W, Kapuscinski AR, Na-Nakorn U, Miller LM, 2004. Genetic impacts of hybrid catfish farming (Clarias macrocephalus x C. gariepinus) on native catfish populations in central Thailand. Aquaculture 235: 167-184.
99. Simberloff D, 1998. Flagships, umbrellas, and keystones: Is single-species management passe in the landscape era? Biological Conservation 83: 247-257.
100. Simberloff D, Martin J-L, Genovesi P, Maris V, Wardle DA et al., 2013. Impacts of biological invasions: What's what and the way forward. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 28: 58-66.
101. Simpson GG, 1953. The Major Features of Evolution. New York: Columbia University Press.
102. Soulé ME, 1985. What is conservation biology? Bioscience 35: 727-734.
103. Sterelny K, 1999. Species as ecological mosaics. In: Wilson RA ed. Species: New Interdisciplinary Essays. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 119-138.
104. USFWS, 2011. Revised Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis caurina. Portland, Oregon: U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
105. Vitousek P, D'Antonio CM, Loope LL, Westbrooks R, 1996. Biological invasions as global environmental change. American Scientist 84: 468-478.
106. Waples RS, 1991. Pacific salmon Onchorhynchu ssp., and the definition of "species" under the Endangered Species Act. Marine Fisheries Review 53: 11-22.
107. WDNR, 2006. Butler's Gartersnake Thamnophis butleri. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved 16 April 2008 from http://dnr. wi. gov/org/land/er/factsheets/herps/btgrsn. htm.
108. Widmer A, Lexer C, Cozzolino S, 2009. Evolution of reproductive isolation in plants. Heredity 102: 31-38.