Parent training for childhood anxiety disorders: The SPACE program

Cognitive and Behavioral Practice

Volumn 21, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 456-469

  Lebowitz, Eli R ^a   Omer, Haim ^b   Hermes, Holly ^a   Scahill, Lawrence ^a  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

Author keywords

Anxiety disorders; Family accommodation; Parent training; Treatment outcomes

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENCE; ANXIETY DISORDER; ARTICLE; CHILD; CHILD PARENT RELATION; CHILDHOOD; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COGNITIVE THERAPY; FAMILY ACCOMODATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MOTIVATION; OPEN STUDY; PARENT; PARENT BASED INTERVENTION; PARENTAL BEHAVIOR; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PATIENT PARTICIPATION; SCHOOL CHILD; THERAPY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84908045886     PISSN: 10777229     EISSN: 1878187X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2013.10.004     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Achenbach T.M. Child Behavior Checklist and related instruments. The use of psychological testing for treatment planning and outcome assessment 1994, 517-549. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ. M. Maurish (Ed.).
2. American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 2000, Author, Washington, DC. 4th ed., text revision.
3. Attkisson C.C., Zwick R. The client satisfaction questionnaire. Psychometric properties and correlations with service utilization and psychotherapy outcome. Evaluation and Program Planning 1982, 5:233-237.
4. Barmish A.J., Kendall P.C. Should parents be co-clients in cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxious youth?. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 2005, 34:569-581.
5. Barrett P.M., Dadds M.R., Rapee R.M. Family treatment of childhood anxiety: A controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1996, 64:333-342.
6. Beck A.T., Emery G., Greenberg R.L. Anxiety disorders and phobias: A cognitive perspective 2005, Basic Books, Cambridge, MA. 15th anniversary ed.
7. Beck A.T., Epstein N., Brown G., Steer R.A. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1988, 56:893-897.
8. Bodden D.H., Bogels S.M., Nauta M.H., De Haan E., Ringrose J., Appelboom C., Brinkman A.G., Appelboom-Geerts K.C. Child versus family cognitive-behavioral therapy in clinically anxious youth: an efficacy and partial effectiveness study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2008, 47:1384-1394.
9. Bowlby J. Attachment and loss 1969, Basic Books, New York, NY.
10. Bowlby R., King P. Fifty years of attachment theory 2004, Karnac on behalf of the Winnicott Clinic of Psychotherapy, London.
11. Breinholst S., Esbjorn B.H., Reinholdt-Dunne M.L., Stallard P. CBT for the treatment of child anxiety disorders: A review of why parental involvement has not enhanced outcomes. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 2012, 26:416-424.
12. Calvocoressi L., Lewis B., Harris M., Trufan S.J., Goodman W.K., McDougle C.J., Price L.H. Family accommodation in obsessive-compulsive disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 1995, 152:441-443.
13. Caporino N.E., Brodman D.M., Kendall P.C., Albano A.M., Sherrill J., Piacentini J., Walkup J.T. Defining treatment response and remission in child anxiety: Signal detection analysis using the pediatric anxiety rating scale. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2013, 52:57-67.
14. Cartwright-Hatton S. From timid to tiger 2010, Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, UK.
15. Cartwright-Hatton S., McNally D., Field A.P., Rust S., Laskey B., Dixon C., Woodham A. A new parenting-based group intervention for young anxious children: Results of a randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2011, 50:242-251. e6.
16. Cobham V.E., Dadds M.R., Spence S.H. The role of parental anxiety in the treatment of childhood anxiety. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1998, 66:893-905.
17. Cobham V.E., Dadds M.R., Spence S.H., McDermott B. Parental anxiety in the treatment of childhood anxiety: A different story three years later. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 2010, 39:410-420.
18. Comer J.S., Puliafico A.C., Aschenbrand S.G., McKnight K., Robin J.A., Goldfine M.E., Albano A.M. A pilot feasibility evaluation of the CALM Program for anxiety disorders in early childhood. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 2012, 26:40-49.
19. Compton S.N., March J.S., Brent D., Albano A.M.t., Weersing R., Curry J. Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy for anxiety and depressive disorders in children and adolescents: An evidence-based medicine review. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2004, 43:930-959.
20. Costello E.J., Egger H.L., Angold A. The developmental epidemiology of anxiety disorders: Phenomenology, prevalence, and comorbidity. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 2005, 14:631-648. vii.
21. Crawford A.M., Manassis K. Familial predictors of treatment outcome in childhood anxiety disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2001, 40:1182-1189.
22. Creswell C., Cartwright-Hatton S. Family treatment of child anxiety: Outcomes, limitations and future directions. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review 2007, 10:232-252.
23. Dadds M.R., Barrett P.M., Rapee R.M., Ryan S. Family process and child anxiety and aggression: An observational analysis. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 1996, 24:715-734.
24. de Abreu Ramos-Cerqueira A.T., Torres A.R., Torresan R.C., Negreiros A.P.M., Vitorino C.N. Emotional burden in caregivers of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Depression and Anxiety 2008, 25:1020-1027.
25. Essau C.A., Conradt J., Petermann F. Frequency, comorbidity, and psychosocial impairment of specific phobia in adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 2000, 29:221-231.
26. Eyberg S.M., Nelson M.M., Boggs S.R. Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for children and adolescents with disruptive behavior. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 2008, 37:215-237.
27. Feng X., Forbes E.E., Kovacs M., George C.J., Lopez-Duran N.L., Fox N.A., Cohn J.F. Children's depressive symptoms in relation to EEG frontal asymmetry and maternal depression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 2012, 40:265-276.
28. Gandhi Satyagraha non-violent resistance 1951, Navajivan, Ahmedabad. 1st ed.
29. Garcia A.M., Sapyta J.J., Moore P.S., Freeman J.B., Franklin M.E., March J.S., Foa E.B. Predictors and moderators of treatment outcome in the Pediatric Obsessive Compulsive Treatment Study (POTS I). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2010, 49:1024-1033.
30. Ginsburg G.S., Siqueland L., Masia-Warner C., Hedtke K.A. Anxiety-disorders in children: Family matters. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 2004, 11:28-43.
31. CGI Clinical Global Impressions Scale - NIMH. Psychopharmacology Bulletin 1985, 21:839-843.
32. Harlow H.F., Zimmermann R.R. Affectional responses in the infant monkey; orphaned baby monkeys develop a strong and persistent attachment to inanimate surrogate mothers. Science 1959, 130:421-432.
33. Heyne D., King N.J., Tonge B.J., Rollings S., Young D., Pritchard M., Ollendick T.H. Evaluation of child therapy and caregiver training in the treatment of school refusal. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2002, 41:687-695.
34. Kaminski J.W., Valle L.A., Filene J.H., Boyle C.L. A meta-analytic review of components associated with parent training program effectiveness. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 2008, 36:567-589.
35. King M.L. Martin Luther King explains nonviolent resistance. In Understanding prejudice and discrimination 2003, 500-506. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY.
36. Kovacs M. Children's Depression Inventory 1992, Multi-Helath Systems, New York, NY.
37. Krebs G., Heyman I. Treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder in young people: Assessment and treatment strategies. Child and Adolescent Mental Health 2010, 15:2-11.
38. Lebowitz E.R. Parent-based treatment for childhood and adolescent OCD. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders 2013, 2:425-431.
39. Lebowitz E.R., Dolberger D., Nortov E., Omer H. Parent training in non violent resistance for adult entitled dependence. Family Process 2012, 51:1-17.
40. Lebowitz E.R., Omer H. Treating childhood and adolescent anxiety: A guide for caregivers 2013, Wiley, Hoboken, NJ.
41. Lebowitz E.R., Omer H., Leckman J.F. Coercive and disruptive behaviors in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. Depression and Anxiety 2011, 28:899-905.
42. Lebowitz E.R., Panza K.E., Su J., Bloch M.H. Family accommodation in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics 2012, 12:229-238.
43. Lebowitz E.R., Vitulano L.A., Mataix-Cols D., Leckman J. Editorial Perspective: When OCD takes over the family! Coercive and disruptive behaviours in paediatric obsessive compulsive disorder. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 2011, 52:1249-1250.
44. Lebowitz E.R., Vitulano L.A., Omer H. Coercive and disruptive behaviors in pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder: A qualitative analysis. Psychiatry 2011, 74:362-371.
45. Lebowitz E.R., Woolston J., Bar-Haim Y., Calvocoressi L., Dauser C., Warnick E., Leckman J.F. Family accommodation in pediatric anxiety disorders. Depression and Anxiety 2013, 30:47-54.
46. Lyneham H.J., Rapee R.M. Evaluation of therapist-supported parent-implemented CBT for anxiety disorders in rural children. Behaviour Research and Therapy 2006, 44:1287-1300.
47. Mendlowitz S.L., Manassis K., Bradley S., Scapillato D., Miezitis S., Shaw B.F. Cognitive-behavioral group treatments in childhood anxiety disorders: The role of parental involvement. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 1999, 38:1223-1229.
48. Merry S.N. 'Timid to Tiger' group parenting training reduces anxiety diagnoses in 3-9-year-olds. Evidence Based Mental Health 2011, 14:74.
49. Nauta M.H., Scholing A., Emmelkamp P.M.G., Minderaa R. Cognitive-behavioural therapy for anxiety disordered children in a clinical setting: Does additional cognitive parent training enhance treatment effectiveness?. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy 2001, 8:330-340.
50. Nauta M.H., Scholing A., Emmelkamp P.M.G., Minderaa R.B. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for children with anxiety disorders in a clinical setting: No additional effect of a cognitive parent training. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2003, 42:1270-1278.
51. Newman M.G. Recommendations for a cost-offset model of psychotherapy allocation using generalized anxiety disorder as an example. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2000, 68:549-555.
52. Omer H. Nonviolent resistance: A new approach to violent and self-destructive children 2004, Cambridge University Press, New York, NY.
53. Omer H. The new authority: Family, school, community 2011, Cambridge University Press, New York, NY.
54. Omer H., Steinmetz S.G., Carthy T., von Schlippe A. The Anchoring Function: Parental Authority and the Parent-Child Bond. Family Process 2013, 52:193-206.
55. Peris T.S., Piacentini J. Optimizing treatment for complex cases of childhood obsessive compulsive disorder: A preliminary trial. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 2013, 42(1):1-8.
56. Pincus D.B., Santucci L.C., Ehrenreich J.T., Eyberg S.M. The implementation of modified Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for youth with Separation Anxiety Disorder. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 2008, 15:118-125.
57. Puliafico A.C., Comer J.S., Pincus D.B. Adapting parent-child interaction therapy to treat anxiety disorders in young children. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 2012, 21:607-619.
58. Rapee R.M. Potential role of childrearing practices in the development of anxiety and depression. Clinical Psychology Review 1997, 17:47-67.
59. Rapee R.M., Schniering C.A., Hudson J.L. Anxiety disorders during childhood and adolescence: Origins and treatment. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology 2009, 5:311-341.
60. Reynolds S., Wilson C., Austin J., Hooper L. Effects of psychotherapy for anxiety in children and adolescents: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review 2012, 32:251-262.
61. Rounsaville B.J., Carroll K.M., Onken L.S. A Stage Model of Behavioral Therapies research: Getting started and moving on from stage I. Clinical Psychology-Science and Practice 2001, 8:133-142.
62. RUPP Anxiety Study Group The Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale (PARS): Development and psychometric properties. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2002, 41:1061-1069.
63. Scahill L., Riddle M.A., McSwigginHardin M., Ort S.I. Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: Reliability and validity. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 1997, 36:844-852.
64. Silverman W.K., Kurtines W.M., Jaccard J., Pina A.A. Directionality of change in youth anxiety treatment involving parents: An initial examination. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2009, 77:474-485.
65. Silverman W.K., Pina A.A., Viswesvaran C. Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for phobic and anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 2008, 37:105-130.
66. Silverman W.K., Saavedra L.M., Pina A.A. Test-retest reliability of anxiety symptoms and diagnoses with the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV: Child and parent versions. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2001, 40:937-944.
67. Siqueland L. Cognitive behavioral and attachment based family therapy for anxious adolescents: Phase I and II studies. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 2005, 19:361.
68. Siqueland L., Kendall P.C., Steinberg L. Anxiety in children: Perceived family environments and observed family interaction. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 1996, 25:225-237.
69. Southam-Gerow M.A., Kendall P.C., Weersing V.R. Examining outcome variability: Correlates of treatment response in a child and adolescent anxiety clinic. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 2001, 30:422-436.
70. Spence S.H. The treatment of childhood social phobia: The effectiveness of a social skills training-based, cognitive-behavioural intervention, with and without parental involvement. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 2000, 41:713.
71. Steer R.A., Beck A.T. Beck Anxiety Inventory. Evaluating stress: A book of resources 1997, 23-40. Scarecrow Education, Lanham, MD, US. C.P.Z.R.J. Wood (Ed.).
72. Storch E.A., Geffken G.R., Merlo L.J., Jacob M.L., Murphy T.K., Goodman W.K., Larson M.J., Fernandez M., Grabill K. Family accommodation in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 2007, 36:207-216.
73. Storch E.A., Lehmkuhl H.D., Ricketts E., Geffken G.R., Marien W., Murphy T.K. An open trial of intensive family based cognitive-behavioral therapy in youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder who are medication partial responders or nonresponders. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 2010, 39:260-268.
74. Strathearn L., Fonagy P., Amico J., Montague P.R. Adult attachment predicts maternal brain and oxytocin response to infant cues. Neuropsychopharmacology 2009, 34:2655-2666.
75. Suveg C., Sood E., Comer J.S., Kendall P.C. Changes in emotion regulation following cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxious youth. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 2009, 38.
76. Suveg C., Zeman J. Emotion regulation in children with anxiety disorders. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 2004, 33:750-759.
77. Swain J.E. The human parental brain: in vivo neuroimaging. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 2011, 35:1242-1254.
78. Thienemann M., Moore P., Tompkins K. A parent-only group intervention for children with anxiety disorders: pilot study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2006, 45:37-46.
79. Walkup J.T., Albano A.M., Piacentini J., Birmaher B., Compton S.N., Sherrill J.T., Kendall P.C. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Sertraline, or a Combination in Childhood Anxiety. New England Journal of Medicine 2008, 359:2753-2766.
80. Weinblatt U., Omer H. Non-violent resistance: A treatment for parents of children with acute behavior parents. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy 2008, 34:75-92.
81. Wood J.J., McLeod B.D., Sigman M., Hwang W.C., Chu B.C. Parenting and childhood anxiety: Theory, empirical findings, and future directions. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 2003, 44:134-151.
82. Wood J.J., Piacentini J.C., Southam-Gerow M., Chu B.C., Sigman M. Family cognitive behavioral therapy for child anxiety disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2006, 45:314-321.