Long-term effects of treatment of pituitary adenomas

Handbook of Clinical Neurology

Volumn 124, Issue , 2014, Pages 361-371

  Pereira, Alberto M ^a  

^a LEIDEN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Hormone replacement; Hypothalamic dysfunction; Long term effects; Morbidity; Mortality; Pituitary adenoma; Quality of life

Indexed keywords

ADENOMA; ANIMAL; HUMAN; HYPOPITUITARISM; MORTALITY; PITUITARY NEOPLASMS; QUALITY OF LIFE; RISK FACTOR; TIME FACTOR; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADENOMA; ANIMALS; HUMANS; HYPOPITUITARISM; PITUITARY NEOPLASMS; QUALITY OF LIFE; RISK FACTORS; TIME FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84907553608     PISSN: 00729752     EISSN: 22124152     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-59602-4.00024-1     Document Type: Chapter

References (85)

1. Abs R., Feldt-Rasmussen U., Mattsson A.F., et al. Determinants of cardiovascular risk in 2589 hypopituitary GH-deficient adults - a KIMS database analysis. Eur J Endocrinol 2006, 155:79-90.
2. Albarel F., Castinetti F., Morange I., et al. Outcome of multimodal therapy in operated acromegalic patients, a study in 115 patients. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2013, 78:263-270. 2013.
3. Arwert L.I., Veltman D.J., Deijen J.B., et al. Effects of growth hormone substitution therapy on cognitive functioning in growth hormone deficient patients: a functional MRI study. Neuroendocrinology 2006, 83:12-19.
4. Athanasoulia A.P., Ising M., Pfister H., et al. Distinct dopaminergic personality patterns in patients with prolactinomas: a comparison with nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma patients and age- and gender-matched controls. Neuroendocrinology 2012, 96:204-211.
5. Attanasio A.F., Mo D., Erfurth E.M., et al. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adult hypopituitary growth hormone (GH)-deficient patients before and after GH replacement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010, 95:74-81.
6. Barahona M.J., Sucunza N., Resmini E., et al. Persistent body fat mass and inflammatory marker increases after long-term cure of Cushing's syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009, 94:3365-3371.
7. Barkan A.L. Acromegalic arthropathy. Pituitary 2001, 4:263-264.
8. Berg C., Petersenn S., Lahner H., et al. Cardiovascular risk factors in patients with uncontrolled and long-term acromegaly: comparison with matched data from the general population and the effect of disease control. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010, 95:3648-3656.
9. Biermasz N.R., van Thiel S.W., Pereira A.M., et al. Decreased quality of life in patients with acromegaly despite long-term cure of growth hormone excess. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004, 89:5369-5376.
10. Biermasz N.R., Pereira A.M., Smit J.W., et al. Morbidity after long-term remission for acromegaly: persisting joint-related complaints cause reduced quality of life. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005, 90:2731-2739.
11. Biermasz N.R., Wassenaar M.J., van der Klaauw A.A., et al. Pretreatment insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations predict radiographic osteoarthritis in acromegalic patients with long-term cured disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009, 94:2374-2379.
12. Borgers A.J., Alkemade A., Venema H.W., et al. A history of cranial radiotherapy is associated with a higher visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio in men with pituitary insufficiency. Eur J Endocrinol 2012, 166:619-624.
13. Borgers A.J., Fliers E., Siljee J.E., et al. Arginine vasopressin immunoreactivity is decreased in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus of subjects with suprasellar tumors. Brain Pathol 2013, 23:440-444.
14. Brummelman P., Elderson M.F., Dullaart R.P., et al. Cognitive functioning in patients treated for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma and the effects of pituitary radiotherapy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2011, 74:481-487.
15. Brummelman P., Koerts J., Dullaart R.P., et al. Effects of previous growth hormone excess and current medical treatment for acromegaly on cognition. Eur J Clin Invest 2012, 42:1317-1324.
16. Burgers A.M., Kokshoorn N.E., Pereira A.M., et al. Low incidence of adrenal insufficiency after transsphenoidal surgery in patients with acromegaly: a long-term follow-up study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011, 96:E1163-E1170.
17. Colao A., Pivonello R., Spiezia S., et al. Persistence of increased cardiovascular risk in patients with Cushing's disease after five years of successful cure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999, 84:2664-2672.
18. Colao A., Ferone D., Marzullo P., et al. Systemic complications of acromegaly: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management. Review. Endocr Rev 2004, 25:102-152.
19. Colao A., Petersenn S., Newell-Price J., et al. Pasireotide B2305 study group. A 12-month phase 3 study of pasireotide in Cushing's disease. N Engl J Med 2012, 366:914-924.
20. Claessen K.M., Appelman-Dijkstra N.M., Adoptie D.M., et al. Metabolic profile in growth hormone deficient (GHD) adults after long-term recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013, 98:352-361.
21. Claessen K.M., Kloppenburg M., Kroon H.M., et al. Relationship between the functional exon 3 deleted growth hormone receptor polymorphism and symptomatic osteoarthritis in women. Ann Rheum Dis 2014, 73:433-436.
22. Darzy K.H., Shalet S.M. Hypopituitarism following radiotherapy. Review. Pituitary 2009, 12:40-50.
23. Darzy K.H., Pezzoli S.S., Thorner M.O., et al. Cranial irradiation and growth hormone neurosecretory dysfunction: a critical appraisal. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007, 92:1666-1672.
24. de Kloet E.R., Joëls M., Holsboer F. Stress and the brain: from adaptation to disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2005, 6:463-475.
25. Dekkers O.M., Pereira A.M., Roelfsema F., et al. Observation alone after transsphenoidal surgery for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006, 91:1796-1801.
26. Dekkers O.M., Biermasz N.R., Pereira A.M., et al. Mortality in patients treated for Cushing's disease is increased, compared with patients treated for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007, 92:976-981.
27. Dekkers O.M., Biermasz N.R., Pereira A.M., et al. Mortality in acromegaly: a metaanalysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008, 93:61-67.
28. Escobar-Morreale H.F., del Rey F.E., Obregon M.J., et al. Only the combined treatment with thyroxine and triiodo-thyronine ensures euthyroidism in all tissues of the thyroidectomized rat. Endocrinology 1996, 137:2490-2502.
29. Faggiano A., Pivonello R., Spiezia S., et al. Cardiovascular risk factors and common carotid artery caliber and stiffness in patients with Cushing's disease during active disease and 1 year after disease remission. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003, 88:2527-2533.
30. Feelders R.A., de Bruin C., Pereira A.M., et al. Pasireotide alone or with cabergoline and ketoconazole in Cushing's disease. N Engl J Med 2010, 362:1846-1848.
31. Feelders R.A., Pulgar S.J., Kempel A., et al. The burden of Cushing's disease (CD): clinical and health-related quality of life aspects. Eur J Endocrinol 2012, 167:311-326.
32. Filipsson H., Monson J.P., Koltowska-Häggström M., et al. The impact of glucocorticoid replacement regimens on metabolic outcome and comorbidity in hypopituitary patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006, 91:3954-3961.
33. Flitsch J., Spitzner S., Ludecke D.K., et al. Emotional disorders in patients with different types of pituitary adenomas and factors affecting the diagnostic process. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2000, 108:480-485.
34. Fleseriu M., Biller B.M., Findling J.W., et al. Mifepristone, a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, produces clinical and metabolic benefits in patients with Cushing's syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012, 97:2039-2049.
35. Forget H., Lacroix A., Somma M., et al. Cognitive decline in patients with Cushing's syndrome. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2000, 6:20-29.
36. Geer E.B., Shen W., Strohmayer E., et al. Body composition and cardiovascular risk markers after remission of Cushing's disease: a prospective study using whole-body MRI. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012, 97:1702-1711.
37. Giordano R., Picu A., Marinazzo E., et al. Metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with Cushing's syndrome of different aetiologies during active disease and 1 year after remission. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2011, 75:354-360.
38. Hammer G.D., Tyrrell J.B., Lamborn K.R., et al. Transsphenoidal microsurgery for Cushing's disease: initial outcome and long-term results. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004, 89:6348-6357.
39. Hilding A., Hall K., Wivall-Helleryd I.L., et al. Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor I in 152 patients with growth hormone deficiency, aged 19-82 years, in relation to those in healthy subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999, 84:2013-2019.
40. Honegger J., Schmalisch K., Beuschlein F., et al. Contemporary microsurgical concept for the treatment of Cushing's disease: endocrine outcome in 83 consecutive patients. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2012, 76:560-567.
41. Isley W.L. Growth hormone therapy for adults: not ready for prime time? Review. Ann Intern Med 2002, 137:190-196.
42. Jensen E., Hyltoft Petersen P., Blaabjerg O., et al. Establishment of a serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) reference interval in healthy adults. The importance of environmental factors, including thyroid antibodies. Clin Chem Lab Med 2004, 42:824-832.
43. Johannsson G., Nilsson A.G., Bergthorsdottir R., et al. Improved cortisol exposure-time profile and outcome in patients with adrenal insufficiency: a prospective randomized trial of a novel hydrocortisone dual-release formulation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012, 97:473-481.
44. Kalsbeek A., Fliers E., Romijn J.A., et al. The suprachiasmatic nucleus generates the diurnal changes in plasma leptin levels. Endocrinology 2001, 142:2677-2685.
45. Karatsoreos I.N., Bhagat S.M., Bowles N.P., et al. Endocrine and physiological changes in response to chronic corticosterone: a potential model of the metabolic syndrome in mouse. Endocrinology 2010, 151:2117-2127.
46. Kars M., Pereira A.M., Smit J.W., et al. Long-term outcome of patients with macroprolactinomas initially treated with dopamine agonists. Eur J Intern Med 2008, 20:387-393.
47. Koltowska-Häggström M., Mattsson A.F. Does long-term GH replacement therapy in hypopituitary adults with GH deficiency normalise quality of life?. Eur J Endocrinol 2006, 155:109-119.
48. Lai Z., Roos P., Zhai O., et al. Age-related reduction of human growth hormone-binding sites in the human brain. Brain Res 1993, 621:260-266.
49. Lee R.S., Tamashiro K.L., Yang X., et al. Chronic corticosterone exposure increases expression and decreases deoxyribonucleic acid methylation of Fkbp5 in mice. Endocrinology 2010, 151:4332-4343.
50. Melmed S. Update in pituitary disease. Review. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008, 93:331-338.
51. Molitch M.E., Clemmons D.R., Malozowski S., et al. Evaluation and treatment of adult growth hormone deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011, 96:1587-1609.
52. Newell-Price J., Bertagna X., Grossman A.B., et al. Cushing's syndrome. Lancet 2006, 367:1605-1617.
53. Nilsson A., Isgaard J., Lindahl A., et al. Regulation by growth hormone of number of chondrocytes containing IGF-I in rat growth plate. Science 1986, 233:571-574.
54. Okazaki K., Jingushi S., Ikenoue T., et al. Expression of insulin-like growth factor I messenger ribonucleic acid in developing osteophytes in murine experimental osteoarthritis and in rats inoculated with growth hormone-secreting tumor. Endocrinology 1999, 140:4821-4830.
55. Pereira A.M., van Aken M.O., van Dulken H., et al. Long-term predictive value of postsurgical cortisol concentrations for cure and risk of recurrence in Cushing's disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003, 88:5858-6584.
56. Pereira A.M., van Thiel S.W., Lindner J.R., et al. Increased prevalence of regurgitant valvular heart disease in acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004, 89:71-75.
57. Pereira A.M., Tiemensma J., Romijn J.A. Neuropsychiatric disorders in Cushing's syndrome. Neuroendocrinology 2010, 92(Suppl 1):65-70.
58. Richert S., Strauss A., Fahlbusch R., et al. Psychopathologic symptoms and personality traits in patients with florid acromegaly. Schweiz Arch Neurol Psychiatr 1987, 138:61-86.
59. Roelfsema F., Biermasz N.R., Pereira A.M. Clinical factors involved in the recurrence of pituitary adenomas after surgical remission: a structured review and meta-analysis. Pituitary 2012, 15:71-83.
60. Romeijn N., Borgers A.J., Fliers E., et al. Medical history of optic chiasm compression in patients with pituitary insufficiency affects skin temperature and its relation to sleep. Chronobiol Int 2012, 29:1098-1108.
61. Romijn J.A., Smit J.W.A., Lamberts S.W.J. Intrinsic imperfections of endocrine replacement therapy. Eur J Endocrinol 2003, 149:91-97.
62. Shimon I., Melmed S. Management of pituitary tumors. Review. Ann Intern Med 1998, 129:472-483.
63. Sievers C., Ising M., Pfister H., et al. Personality in patients with pituitary adenomas is characterized by increased anxiety-related traits: comparison of 70 acromegalic patients with patients with non-functioning pituitary adenomas and age- and gender-matched controls. Eur J Endocrinol 2009, 160:367-373.
64. Starkman M.N., Giordani B., Berent S., et al. Elevated cortisol levels in Cushing's disease are associated with cognitive decrements. Psychosom Med 2001, 63:985-993.
65. Stuijver D.J., van Zaane B., Feelders R.A., et al. Incidence of venous thromboembolism in patients with Cushing's syndrome: a multicenter cohort study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011, 96:3525-3532.
66. Swaab D.F., Gooren L.J., Hofman M.A. The human hypothalamus in relation to gender and sexual orientation. Prog Brain Res 1992, 93:205-217.
67. Swearingen B., Biller B.M., Barker F.G., et al. Long-term mortality after transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing disease. Ann Intern Med 1999, 130:821-824.
68. Tiemensma J., Kokshoorn N.E., Biermasz N.R., et al. Subtle cognitive impairments in patients with long-term cure of Cushing's disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010, 95:2699-2714.
69. Tiemensma J., Biermasz N.R., van der Mast R.C., et al. Increased psychopathology and maladaptive personality traits, but normal cognitive functioning, in patients after long-term cure of acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010, 95:E392-E402.
70. Tiemensma J., Biermasz N.R., Middelkoop H.A.M., et al. Increased prevalence of psychopathology and maladaptive personality traits after long-term cure of Cushing's disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010, 95:E129-E141.
71. Tiemensma J., Kaptein A.A., Pereira A.M., et al. Coping strategies in patients after treatment for functioning or nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011, 96:964-971.
72. Tiemensma J., Kaptein A.A., Pereira A.M. Affected illness perceptions and the association with impaired quality of life in patients with long-term remission of acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011, 96:3550-3558.
73. Tiemensma J., Kaptein A.A., Pereira A.M. Negative illness perceptions are associated with impaired quality of life in patients after long-term remission of Cushing's syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol 2011, 165:527-535.
74. Tomlinson J.W., Holden N., Hills R.K., et al. Association between premature mortality and hypopituitarism. West Midlands Prospective Hypopituitary Study Group. Lancet 2001, 357:425-431.
75. Wassenaar M.J., Biermasz N.R., van Duinen N., et al. High prevalence of arthropathy, according to the definitions of radiological and clinical osteoarthritis, in patients with long-term cure of acromegaly: a case-control study. Eur J Endocrinol 2009, 160:357-365.
76. van Aken M.O., Pereira A.M., Biermasz N.R., et al. Quality of life in patients after long-term biochemical cure of Cushing's disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005, 90:3279-3286.
77. van Bunderen C.C., van Nieuwpoort I.C., Arwert L.I., et al. Does growth hormone replacement therapy reduce mortality in adults with growth hormone deficiency? Data from the Dutch National Registry of Growth Hormone Treatment in adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011, 96:3151-3159.
78. van der Klaauw A.A., Biermasz N.R., Feskens E.J., et al. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is increased in patients with GH deficiency, irrespective of long-term substitution with recombinant human GH. Eur J Endocrinol 2007, 156:455-462.
79. van der Klaauw A.A., Kars M., Biermasz N.R., et al. Disease-specific impairments in quality of life during long-term follow-up of patients with different pituitary adenomas. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2008, 69:775-784.
80. van der Pas R., de Bruin C., Leebeek F.W., et al. The hypercoagulable state in Cushing's disease is associated with increased levels of procoagulant factors and impaired fibrinolysis, but is not reversible after short-term biochemical remission induced by medical therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metabol 2012, 97:1303-1310.
81. Veldhuis J.D., Keenan D.M., Pincus S.M. Regulation of complex pulsatile and rhythmic neuroendocrine systems: the male gonadal axis as a prototype. Review. Prog Brain Res 2010, 181:79-110.
82. Verhelst J., Mattsson A.F., Luger A., et al. Prevalence and characteristics of the metabolic syndrome in 2479 hypopituitary patients with adult-onset GH deficiency before GH replacement: a KIMS analysis. Eur J Endocrinol 2011, 165:881-889.
83. Webb S.M. Pituitary tumors: coping with "cured" pituitary tumors. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2011, 7:251-252.
84. Weitzner M.A. Neuropsychiatry and pituitary disease: an overview. Review. Psychother Psychosom 1998, 67:125-132.
85. Zueger T., Kirchner P., Herren C., et al. Glucocorticoid replacement and mortality in patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012, 97:E1938-E1942.