메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 1870-1878

Thioredoxin and its reductase are present on synaptic vesicles, and their inhibition prevents the paralysis induced by botulinum neurotoxins

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGENTS ACTING ON THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS AND NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEMS; AURANOFIN; BOTULINUM TOXIN; BOTULINUM TOXIN A; BOTULINUM TOXIN C; BOTULINUM TOXIN E; CURCUMIN; EBSELEN; JUGLONE; MYRICETIN; PX 12; SYNAPTOSOMAL ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 25; THIOREDOXIN; THIOREDOXIN INHIBITOR; THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; DISULFIDE; ENZYME INHIBITOR; IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVE; IV 2 COMPOUND;

EID: 84907398838     PISSN: None     EISSN: 22111247     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.08.017     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (88)

References (68)
  • 2
    • 0034797114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the safety margins of botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A, B, and F in mice
    • Aoki K.R. A comparison of the safety margins of botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A, B, and F in mice. Toxicon 2001, 39:1815-1820.
    • (2001) Toxicon , vol.39 , pp. 1815-1820
    • Aoki, K.R.1
  • 4
    • 0033775891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological functions of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase
    • Arnér E.S., Holmgren A. Physiological functions of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase. Eur. J. Biochem. 2000, 267:6102-6109.
    • (2000) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.267 , pp. 6102-6109
    • Arnér, E.S.1    Holmgren, A.2
  • 6
    • 41449117607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thioredoxins and glutaredoxins as facilitators of protein folding
    • Berndt C., Lillig C.H., Holmgren A. Thioredoxins and glutaredoxins as facilitators of protein folding. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2008, 1783:641-650.
    • (2008) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1783 , pp. 641-650
    • Berndt, C.1    Lillig, C.H.2    Holmgren, A.3
  • 7
    • 65949090949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell entry strategy of clostridial neurotoxins
    • Binz T., Rummel A. Cell entry strategy of clostridial neurotoxins. J.Neurochem. 2009, 109:1584-1595.
    • (2009) J.Neurochem. , vol.109 , pp. 1584-1595
    • Binz, T.1    Rummel, A.2
  • 8
    • 84876809468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular profiling of synaptic vesicle docking sites reveals novel proteins but few differences between glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses
    • Boyken J., Grønborg M., Riedel D., Urlaub H., Jahn R., Chua J.J. Molecular profiling of synaptic vesicle docking sites reveals novel proteins but few differences between glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses. Neuron 2013, 78:285-297.
    • (2013) Neuron , vol.78 , pp. 285-297
    • Boyken, J.1    Grønborg, M.2    Riedel, D.3    Urlaub, H.4    Jahn, R.5    Chua, J.J.6
  • 9
    • 0028879136 scopus 로고
    • Cysteine string protein, a DnaJ family member, is present on diverse secretory vesicles
    • Braun J.E., Scheller R.H. Cysteine string protein, a DnaJ family member, is present on diverse secretory vesicles. Neuropharmacology 1995, 34:1361-1369.
    • (1995) Neuropharmacology , vol.34 , pp. 1361-1369
    • Braun, J.E.1    Scheller, R.H.2
  • 10
    • 84879470942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rat Digit Abduction Score (DAS) assay: a physiological model for assessing botulinum neurotoxin-induced skeletal muscle paralysis
    • Broide R.S., Rubino J., Nicholson G.S., Ardila M.C., Brown M.S., Aoki K.R., Francis J. The rat Digit Abduction Score (DAS) assay: a physiological model for assessing botulinum neurotoxin-induced skeletal muscle paralysis. Toxicon 2013, 71:18-24.
    • (2013) Toxicon , vol.71 , pp. 18-24
    • Broide, R.S.1    Rubino, J.2    Nicholson, G.S.3    Ardila, M.C.4    Brown, M.S.5    Aoki, K.R.6    Francis, J.7
  • 12
    • 84867357906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possession, use, and transfer of select agents and toxins; biennial review. Final rule
    • CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
    • Possession, use, and transfer of select agents and toxins; biennial review. Final rule. Fed. Regist. 2012, 77:61083-61115. CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).
    • (2012) Fed. Regist. , vol.77 , pp. 61083-61115
  • 13
    • 84880917746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum neurotoxin type A is internalized and translocated from small synaptic vesicles at the neuromuscular junction
    • Colasante C., Rossetto O., Morbiato L., Pirazzini M., Molgó J., Montecucco C. Botulinum neurotoxin type A is internalized and translocated from small synaptic vesicles at the neuromuscular junction. Mol. Neurobiol. 2013, 48:120-127.
    • (2013) Mol. Neurobiol. , vol.48 , pp. 120-127
    • Colasante, C.1    Rossetto, O.2    Morbiato, L.3    Pirazzini, M.4    Molgó, J.5    Montecucco, C.6
  • 14
    • 22144452934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond BOTOX: advantages and limitations of individual botulinum neurotoxins
    • Davletov B., Bajohrs M., Binz T. Beyond BOTOX: advantages and limitations of individual botulinum neurotoxins. Trends Neurosci. 2005, 28:446-452.
    • (2005) Trends Neurosci. , vol.28 , pp. 446-452
    • Davletov, B.1    Bajohrs, M.2    Binz, T.3
  • 15
    • 0020960074 scopus 로고
    • Synapsin I (Protein I), a nerve terminal-specific phosphoprotein. II. Its specific association with synaptic vesicles demonstrated by immunocytochemistry in agarose-embedded synaptosomes
    • De Camilli P., Harris S.M., Huttner W.B., Greengard P. Synapsin I (Protein I), a nerve terminal-specific phosphoprotein. II. Its specific association with synaptic vesicles demonstrated by immunocytochemistry in agarose-embedded synaptosomes. J.Cell Biol. 1983, 96:1355-1373.
    • (1983) J.Cell Biol. , vol.96 , pp. 1355-1373
    • De Camilli, P.1    Harris, S.M.2    Huttner, W.B.3    Greengard, P.4
  • 16
    • 79952478424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the evolutionary origin of the chaperonins
    • Dekker C., Willison K.R., Taylor W.R. On the evolutionary origin of the chaperonins. Proteins 2011, 79:1172-1192.
    • (2011) Proteins , vol.79 , pp. 1172-1192
    • Dekker, C.1    Willison, K.R.2    Taylor, W.R.3
  • 17
    • 0021243873 scopus 로고
    • Acceptors for botulinum neurotoxin reside on motor nerve terminals and mediate its internalization
    • Dolly J.O., Black J., Williams R.S., Melling J. Acceptors for botulinum neurotoxin reside on motor nerve terminals and mediate its internalization. Nature 1984, 307:457-460.
    • (1984) Nature , vol.307 , pp. 457-460
    • Dolly, J.O.1    Black, J.2    Williams, R.S.3    Melling, J.4
  • 18
    • 84864065068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical applications of botulinum toxin
    • Dressler D. Clinical applications of botulinum toxin. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 2012, 15:325-336.
    • (2012) Curr. Opin. Microbiol. , vol.15 , pp. 325-336
    • Dressler, D.1
  • 19
    • 0030901704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum neurotoxin serotype C: a novel effective botulinum toxin therapy in human
    • Eleopra R., Tugnoli V., Rossetto O., Montecucco C., De Grandis D. Botulinum neurotoxin serotype C: a novel effective botulinum toxin therapy in human. Neurosci. Lett. 1997, 224:91-94.
    • (1997) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.224 , pp. 91-94
    • Eleopra, R.1    Tugnoli, V.2    Rossetto, O.3    Montecucco, C.4    De Grandis, D.5
  • 20
    • 65549117305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence of botulinum toxin in patients' serum: Alaska, 1959-2007
    • Fagan R.P., McLaughlin J.B., Middaugh J.P. Persistence of botulinum toxin in patients' serum: Alaska, 1959-2007. J.Infect. Dis. 2009, 199:1029-1031.
    • (2009) J.Infect. Dis. , vol.199 , pp. 1029-1031
    • Fagan, R.P.1    McLaughlin, J.B.2    Middaugh, J.P.3
  • 21
    • 21644477778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thioredoxin reductase is irreversibly modified by curcumin: a novel molecular mechanism for its anticancer activity
    • Fang J., Lu J., Holmgren A. Thioredoxin reductase is irreversibly modified by curcumin: a novel molecular mechanism for its anticancer activity. J.Biol. Chem. 2005, 280:25284-25290.
    • (2005) J.Biol. Chem. , vol.280 , pp. 25284-25290
    • Fang, J.1    Lu, J.2    Holmgren, A.3
  • 22
    • 35748961106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crucial role of the disulfide bridge between botulinum neurotoxin light and heavy chains in protease translocation across membranes
    • Fischer A., Montal M. Crucial role of the disulfide bridge between botulinum neurotoxin light and heavy chains in protease translocation across membranes. J.Biol. Chem. 2007, 282:29604-29611.
    • (2007) J.Biol. Chem. , vol.282 , pp. 29604-29611
    • Fischer, A.1    Montal, M.2
  • 23
    • 84885297288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular dissection of botulinum neurotoxin reveals interdomain chaperone function
    • Fischer A., Montal M. Molecular dissection of botulinum neurotoxin reveals interdomain chaperone function. Toxicon 2013, 75:101-107.
    • (2013) Toxicon , vol.75 , pp. 101-107
    • Fischer, A.1    Montal, M.2
  • 24
    • 0027429034 scopus 로고
    • Relative properties and localizations of synaptic vesicle protein isoforms: the case of the synaptophysins
    • Fykse E.M., Takei K., Walch-Solimena C., Geppert M., Jahn R., De Camilli P., Südhof T.C. Relative properties and localizations of synaptic vesicle protein isoforms: the case of the synaptophysins. J.Neurosci. 1993, 13:4997-5007.
    • (1993) J.Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 4997-5007
    • Fykse, E.M.1    Takei, K.2    Walch-Solimena, C.3    Geppert, M.4    Jahn, R.5    De Camilli, P.6    Südhof, T.C.7
  • 25
    • 84877687939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-based review and assessment of botulinum neurotoxin for the treatment of movement disorders
    • Hallett M., Albanese A., Dressler D., Segal K.R., Simpson D.M., Truong D., Jankovic J. Evidence-based review and assessment of botulinum neurotoxin for the treatment of movement disorders. Toxicon 2013, 67:94-114.
    • (2013) Toxicon , vol.67 , pp. 94-114
    • Hallett, M.1    Albanese, A.2    Dressler, D.3    Segal, K.R.4    Simpson, D.M.5    Truong, D.6    Jankovic, J.7
  • 26
    • 84876917760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thioredoxins, glutaredoxins, and peroxiredoxins-molecular mechanisms and health significance: from cofactors to antioxidants to redox signaling
    • Hanschmann E.M., Godoy J.R., Berndt C., Hudemann C., Lillig C.H. Thioredoxins, glutaredoxins, and peroxiredoxins-molecular mechanisms and health significance: from cofactors to antioxidants to redox signaling. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 2013, 19:1539-1605.
    • (2013) Antioxid. Redox Signal. , vol.19 , pp. 1539-1605
    • Hanschmann, E.M.1    Godoy, J.R.2    Berndt, C.3    Hudemann, C.4    Lillig, C.H.5
  • 28
    • 84875806832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic diversity within Clostridium botulinum serotypes, botulinum neurotoxin gene clusters and toxin subtypes
    • Hill K.K., Smith T.J. Genetic diversity within Clostridium botulinum serotypes, botulinum neurotoxin gene clusters and toxin subtypes. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 2013, 364:1-20.
    • (2013) Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. , vol.364 , pp. 1-20
    • Hill, K.K.1    Smith, T.J.2
  • 30
    • 0024393963 scopus 로고
    • Thioredoxin and glutaredoxin systems
    • Holmgren A. Thioredoxin and glutaredoxin systems. J.Biol. Chem. 1989, 264:13963-13966.
    • (1989) J.Biol. Chem. , vol.264 , pp. 13963-13966
    • Holmgren, A.1
  • 31
    • 77952311188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase: current research with special reference to human disease
    • Holmgren A., Lu J. Thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase: current research with special reference to human disease. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2010, 396:120-124.
    • (2010) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.396 , pp. 120-124
    • Holmgren, A.1    Lu, J.2
  • 35
    • 58549116147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Domain organization in Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type E is unique: its implication in faster translocation
    • Kumaran D., Eswaramoorthy S., Furey W., Navaza J., Sax M., Swaminathan S. Domain organization in Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type E is unique: its implication in faster translocation. J.Mol. Biol. 2009, 386:233-245.
    • (2009) J.Mol. Biol. , vol.386 , pp. 233-245
    • Kumaran, D.1    Eswaramoorthy, S.2    Furey, W.3    Navaza, J.4    Sax, M.5    Swaminathan, S.6
  • 36
    • 0031712779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of botulinum neurotoxin type A and implications for toxicity
    • Lacy D.B., Tepp W., Cohen A.C., DasGupta B.R., Stevens R.C. Crystal structure of botulinum neurotoxin type A and implications for toxicity. Nat. Struct. Biol. 1998, 5:898-902.
    • (1998) Nat. Struct. Biol. , vol.5 , pp. 898-902
    • Lacy, D.B.1    Tepp, W.2    Cohen, A.C.3    DasGupta, B.R.4    Stevens, R.C.5
  • 37
  • 38
    • 84867711090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thioredoxin system in cell death progression
    • Lu J., Holmgren A. Thioredoxin system in cell death progression. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 2012, 17:1738-1747.
    • (2012) Antioxid. Redox Signal. , vol.17 , pp. 1738-1747
    • Lu, J.1    Holmgren, A.2
  • 39
    • 33646233781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of Mammalian thioredoxin reductase by some flavonoids: implications for myricetin and quercetin anticancer activity
    • Lu J., Papp L.V., Fang J., Rodriguez-Nieto S., Zhivotovsky B., Holmgren A. Inhibition of Mammalian thioredoxin reductase by some flavonoids: implications for myricetin and quercetin anticancer activity. Cancer Res. 2006, 66:4410-4418.
    • (2006) Cancer Res. , vol.66 , pp. 4410-4418
    • Lu, J.1    Papp, L.V.2    Fang, J.3    Rodriguez-Nieto, S.4    Zhivotovsky, B.5    Holmgren, A.6
  • 40
    • 84872151251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biological activity of auranofin: implications for novel treatment of diseases
    • Madeira J.M., Gibson D.L., Kean W.F., Klegeris A. The biological activity of auranofin: implications for novel treatment of diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2012, 20:297-306.
    • (2012) Inflammopharmacology , vol.20 , pp. 297-306
    • Madeira, J.M.1    Gibson, D.L.2    Kean, W.F.3    Klegeris, A.4
  • 44
    • 84984578824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential renal and hepatic toxicity of diphenyl diselenide, diphenyl ditelluride and Ebselen for rats and mice
    • Meotti F.C., Borges V.C., Zeni G., Rocha J.B.T., Nogueira C.W. Potential renal and hepatic toxicity of diphenyl diselenide, diphenyl ditelluride and Ebselen for rats and mice. Toxicol. Lett. 2003, 143:9-16.
    • (2003) Toxicol. Lett. , vol.143 , pp. 9-16
    • Meotti, F.C.1    Borges, V.C.2    Zeni, G.3    Rocha, J.B.T.4    Nogueira, C.W.5
  • 46
    • 77953642001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum neurotoxin: a marvel of protein design
    • Montal M. Botulinum neurotoxin: a marvel of protein design. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 2010, 79:591-617.
    • (2010) Annu. Rev. Biochem. , vol.79 , pp. 591-617
    • Montal, M.1
  • 47
    • 18744410709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinal neurotoxins: revival of an old killer
    • Montecucco C., Molgó J. Botulinal neurotoxins: revival of an old killer. Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 2005, 5:274-279.
    • (2005) Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. , vol.5 , pp. 274-279
    • Montecucco, C.1    Molgó, J.2
  • 49
    • 29144493185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunoisolation of two synaptic vesicle pools from synaptosomes: a proteomics analysis
    • Morciano M., Burré J., Corvey C., Karas M., Zimmermann H., Volknandt W. Immunoisolation of two synaptic vesicle pools from synaptosomes: a proteomics analysis. J.Neurochem. 2005, 95:1732-1745.
    • (2005) J.Neurochem. , vol.95 , pp. 1732-1745
    • Morciano, M.1    Burré, J.2    Corvey, C.3    Karas, M.4    Zimmermann, H.5    Volknandt, W.6
  • 50
    • 58149352395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The proteome of the presynaptic active zone: from docked synaptic vesicles to adhesion molecules and maxi-channels
    • Morciano M., Beckhaus T., Karas M., Zimmermann H., Volknandt W. The proteome of the presynaptic active zone: from docked synaptic vesicles to adhesion molecules and maxi-channels. J.Neurochem. 2009, 108:662-675.
    • (2009) J.Neurochem. , vol.108 , pp. 662-675
    • Morciano, M.1    Beckhaus, T.2    Karas, M.3    Zimmermann, H.4    Volknandt, W.5
  • 51
    • 55449130109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The thioredoxin system: a key target in tumour and endothelial cells
    • Mukherjee A., Martin S.G. The thioredoxin system: a key target in tumour and endothelial cells. Br. J. Radiol. 2008, 81:S57-S68.
    • (2008) Br. J. Radiol. , vol.81 , pp. S57-S68
    • Mukherjee, A.1    Martin, S.G.2
  • 52
    • 84877648739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-based review and assessment of botulinum neurotoxin for the treatment of secretory disorders
    • Naumann M., Dressler D., Hallett M., Jankovic J., Schiavo G., Segal K.R., Truong D. Evidence-based review and assessment of botulinum neurotoxin for the treatment of secretory disorders. Toxicon 2013, 67:141-152.
    • (2013) Toxicon , vol.67 , pp. 141-152
    • Naumann, M.1    Dressler, D.2    Hallett, M.3    Jankovic, J.4    Schiavo, G.5    Segal, K.R.6    Truong, D.7
  • 54
    • 84893825555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The blockade of the neurotransmitter release apparatus by botulinum neurotoxins
    • Pantano S., Montecucco C. The blockade of the neurotransmitter release apparatus by botulinum neurotoxins. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 2014, 71:793-811.
    • (2014) Cell. Mol. Life Sci. , vol.71 , pp. 793-811
    • Pantano, S.1    Montecucco, C.2
  • 55
    • 84872100030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The thioredoxin reductase-thioredoxin system is involved in the entry of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins in the cytosol of nerve terminals
    • Pirazzini M., Bordin F., Rossetto O., Shone C.C., Binz T., Montecucco C. The thioredoxin reductase-thioredoxin system is involved in the entry of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins in the cytosol of nerve terminals. FEBS Lett. 2013, 587:150-155.
    • (2013) FEBS Lett. , vol.587 , pp. 150-155
    • Pirazzini, M.1    Bordin, F.2    Rossetto, O.3    Shone, C.C.4    Binz, T.5    Montecucco, C.6
  • 57
    • 79953784421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized phase II study of PX-12, an inhibitor of thioredoxin in patients with advanced cancer of the pancreas following progression after a gemcitabine-containing combination
    • Ramanathan R.K., Abbruzzese J., Dragovich T., Kirkpatrick L., Guillen J.M., Baker A.F., Pestano L.A., Green S., Von Hoff D.D. A randomized phase II study of PX-12, an inhibitor of thioredoxin in patients with advanced cancer of the pancreas following progression after a gemcitabine-containing combination. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 2011, 67:503-509.
    • (2011) Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. , vol.67 , pp. 503-509
    • Ramanathan, R.K.1    Abbruzzese, J.2    Dragovich, T.3    Kirkpatrick, L.4    Guillen, J.M.5    Baker, A.F.6    Pestano, L.A.7    Green, S.8    Von Hoff, D.D.9
  • 58
    • 79955599956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase purification, inhibitor studies, and role in cell signaling
    • Rigobello M.P., Bindoli A. Mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase purification, inhibitor studies, and role in cell signaling. Methods Enzymol. 2010, 474:109-122.
    • (2010) Methods Enzymol. , vol.474 , pp. 109-122
    • Rigobello, M.P.1    Bindoli, A.2
  • 60
    • 84904510042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum neurotoxins: genetic, structural and mechanistic insights
    • Rossetto O., Pirazzini M., Montecucco C. Botulinum neurotoxins: genetic, structural and mechanistic insights. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2014, 12:535-549. 10.1038/nrmicro3295.
    • (2014) Nat. Rev. Microbiol. , vol.12 , pp. 535-549
    • Rossetto, O.1    Pirazzini, M.2    Montecucco, C.3
  • 61
    • 0021810653 scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical localization of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase in adult rats
    • Rozell B., Hansson H.A., Luthman M., Holmgren A. Immunohistochemical localization of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase in adult rats. Eur. J. Cell Biol. 1985, 38:79-86.
    • (1985) Eur. J. Cell Biol. , vol.38 , pp. 79-86
    • Rozell, B.1    Hansson, H.A.2    Luthman, M.3    Holmgren, A.4
  • 65
    • 0022407571 scopus 로고
    • Axoplasmic transport of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase in rat sciatic nerve
    • Stemme S., Hansson H.A., Holmgren A., Rozell B. Axoplasmic transport of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase in rat sciatic nerve. Brain Res. 1985, 359:140-146.
    • (1985) Brain Res. , vol.359 , pp. 140-146
    • Stemme, S.1    Hansson, H.A.2    Holmgren, A.3    Rozell, B.4
  • 67
    • 0031963836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ebselen in acute ischemic stroke: a placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial
    • Ebselen Study Group
    • Yamaguchi T., Sano K., Takakura K., Saito I., Shinohara Y., Asano T., Yasuhara H. Ebselen in acute ischemic stroke: a placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Stroke 1998, 29:12-17. Ebselen Study Group.
    • (1998) Stroke , vol.29 , pp. 12-17
    • Yamaguchi, T.1    Sano, K.2    Takakura, K.3    Saito, I.4    Shinohara, Y.5    Asano, T.6    Yasuhara, H.7
  • 68
    • 0037172997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ebselen: a substrate for human thioredoxin reductase strongly stimulating its hydroperoxide reductase activity and a superfast thioredoxin oxidant
    • Zhao R., Masayasu H., Holmgren A. Ebselen: a substrate for human thioredoxin reductase strongly stimulating its hydroperoxide reductase activity and a superfast thioredoxin oxidant. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2002, 99:8579-8584.
    • (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 8579-8584
    • Zhao, R.1    Masayasu, H.2    Holmgren, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.