Discrimination and net reclassification of cardiovascular risk with lipoprotein(a): Prospective 15-year outcomes in the bruneck study

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Volumn 64, Issue 9, 2014, Pages 851-860

  Willeit, Peter ^a,b   Kiechl, Stefan ^a   Kronenberg, Florian ^a   Witztum, Joseph L ^c   Santer, Peter ^d   Mayr, Manuel ^e   Xu, Qingbo ^e   Mayr, Agnes ^d   Willeit, Johann ^a   Tsimikas, Sotirios ^c  

^a INNSBRUCK MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Austria)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO   (United States)

^d BRUNECK HOSPITAL   (Italy)

^e KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

atherosclerosis; autoantibodies; lipoproteins; oxidation; oxidation specific epitopes; oxidized phospholipids

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; LIPOPROTEIN A;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BLOOD SAMPLING; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; FRAMINGHAM RISK SCORE; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; LIPOPROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; LOW RISK POPULATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REYNOLDS RISK SCORE; RISK ASSESSMENT; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS;

ATHEROSCLEROSIS; AUTOANTIBODIES; LIPOPROTEINS; OXIDATION; OXIDATION-SPECIFIC EPITOPES; OXIDIZED PHOSPHOLIPIDS;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; ITALY; LIPOPROTEIN(A); MALE; MIDDLE AGED; POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 84907331207     PISSN: 07351097     EISSN: 15583597     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.061     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. F. Kronenberg, and G. Utermann Lipoprotein(a): resurrected by genetics J Intern Med 273 2013 6 30
2. S. Tsimikas, and J.H. Hall Lipoprotein(a) as a potential causal genetic risk factor of cardiovascular disease: a rationale for increased efforts to understand its pathophysiology and develop targeted therapies J Am Coll Cardiol 60 2012 716 721
3. J.D. Spence, and M.L. Koschinsky Mechanisms of lipoprotein(a) pathogenicity Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 32 2012 1550 1551
4. C. Bergmark, A. Dewan, and A. Orsoni et al. A novel function of lipoprotein [a] as a preferential carrier of oxidized phospholipids in human plasma J Lipid Res 49 2008 2230 2239
5. G. Leibundgut, C. Scipione, and H. Yin et al. Determinants of binding of oxidized phospholipids on apolipoprotein (a) and lipoprotein (a) J Lipid Res 54 2013 2815 2830
6. T.A. Seimon, M.J. Nadolski, and X. Liao et al. Atherogenic lipids and lipoproteins trigger CD36-TLR2-dependent apoptosis in macrophages undergoing endoplasmic reticulum stress Cell Metab 12 2010 467 482
7. S. Lee, K.G. Birukov, C.E. Romanoski, J.R. Springstead, A.J. Lusis, and J.A. Berliner Role of phospholipid oxidation products in atherosclerosis Circ Res 111 2012 778 799
8. S. Tsimikas, P. Willeit, and J. Willeit et al. Oxidation-specific biomarkers, prospective 15-year cardiovascular and stroke outcomes, and net reclassification of cardiovascular events J Am Coll Cardiol 60 2012 2218 2229
9. S. Tsimikas, G.W. Duff, and P.B. Berger et al. Pro-inflammatory interleukin-1 genotypes potentiate the risk of coronary artery disease and cardiovascular events mediated by oxidized phospholipids and lipoprotein (a) J Am Coll Cardiol 63 2014 1724 1734
10. S. Erqou, S. Kaptoge, and P.L. Perry et al. Lipoprotein(a) concentration and the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and nonvascular mortality JAMA 302 2009 412 423
11. C. Sandholzer, N. Saha, and J.D. Kark et al. Apo(a) isoforms predict risk for coronary heart disease: a study in six populations Arterioscler Thromb 12 1992 1214 1226
12. R. Clarke, J.F. Peden, and J.C. Hopewell et al. Genetic variants associated with Lp(a) lipoprotein level and coronary disease N Engl J Med 361 2009 2518 2528
13. M.B. Lanktree, S.S. Anand, S. Yusuf, and R.A. Hegele Comprehensive analysis of genomic variation in the LPA locus and its relationship to plasma lipoprotein(a) in South Asians, Chinese, and European Caucasians Circ Cardiovasc Genet 3 2010 39 46
14. P.R. Kamstrup, A. Tybjaerg-Hansen, R. Steffensen, and B.G. Nordestgaard Genetically elevated lipoprotein(a) and increased risk of myocardial infarction JAMA 301 2009 2331 2339
15. B.G. Nordestgaard, M.J. Chapman, and K. Ray et al. Lipoprotein(a) as a cardiovascular risk factor: current status Eur Heart J 31 2010 2844 2853
16. E. Di Angelantonio, P. Gao, and L. Pennells et al. Lipid-related markers and cardiovascular disease prediction JAMA 307 2012 2499 2506
17. P.R. Kamstrup, A. Tybjaerg-Hansen, and B.G. Nordestgaard Extreme lipoprotein(a) levels and improved cardiovascular risk prediction J Am Coll Cardiol 61 2013 1146 1156
18. M.L. Bertoia, J.K. Pai, and J.H. Lee et al. Oxidation-specific biomarkers and risk of peripheral artery disease J Am Coll Cardiol 61 2013 2169 2179
19. S. Erqou, A. Thompson, and E. Di Angelantonio et al. Apolipoprotein(a) isoforms and the risk of vascular disease: systematic review of 40 studies involving 58,000 participants J Am Coll Cardiol 55 2010 2160 2167
20. A. Helgadottir, S. Gretarsdottir, and G. Thorleifsson et al. Apolipoprotein(a) genetic sequence variants associated with systemic atherosclerosis and coronary atherosclerotic burden but not with venous thromboembolism J Am Coll Cardiol 60 2012 722 729
21. B. Kolski, and S. Tsimikas Emerging therapeutic agents to lower lipoprotein (a) levels Curr Opin Lipidol 23 2012 560 568
22. S. Kiechl, and J. Willeit The natural course of atherosclerosis. Part I: incidence and progression Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 19 1999 1484 1490
23. S. Tsimikas, S. Kiechl, and J. Willeit et al. Oxidized phospholipids predict the presence and progression of carotid and femoral atherosclerosis and symptomatic cardiovascular disease: five-year prospective results from the Bruneck study J Am Coll Cardiol 47 2006 2219 2228
24. F. Kronenberg, M.F. Kronenberg, and S. Kiechl et al. Role of lipoprotein(a) and apolipoprotein(a) phenotype in atherogenesis: prospective results from the Bruneck study Circulation 100 1999 1154 1160
25. M.J. Pencina, R.B. D'Agostino Sr., R.B. D'Agostino Jr., and R.S. Vasan Evaluating the added predictive ability of a new marker: from area under the ROC curve to reclassification and beyond Stat Med 27 2008 157 172 discussion 207-12
26. N.R. Cook, N.P. Paynter, and C.B. Eaton et al. Comparison of the Framingham and Reynolds risk scores for global cardiovascular risk prediction in the multiethnic women's health initiative Circulation 125 2012 1748 1756
27. R. Newson Efficient calculation of jackknife confidence intervals for rank statistics J Stat Softw 15 2006 1 10
28. E.R. DeLong, D.M. DeLong, and D.L. Clarke-Pearson Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach Biometrics 44 1988 837 845
29. M.J. Pencina, R.B. D'Agostino Sr., and E.W. Steyerberg Extensions of net reclassification improvement calculations to measure usefulness of new biomarkers Stat Med 30 2011 11 21
30. E.W. Steyerberg, A.J. Vickers, and N.R. Cook et al. Assessing the performance of prediction models: a framework for traditional and novel measures Epidemiology 21 2010 128 138
31. M.H. Davidson, C.M. Ballantyne, and T.A. Jacobson et al. Clinical utility of inflammatory markers and advanced lipoprotein testing: advice from an expert panel of lipid specialists J Clin Lipidol 5 2011 338 367
32. B. Enkhmaa, E. Anuurad, and W. Zhang et al. HIV disease activity as a modulator of lipoprotein(a) and allele-specific apolipoprotein(a) levels Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 33 2013 387 392
33. N. Rifai, J. Ma, and F.M. Sacks et al. Apolipoprotein(a) size and lipoprotein(a) concentration and future risk of angina pectoris with evidence of severe coronary atherosclerosis in men: the Physicians' Health Study Clin Chem 50 2004 1364 1371
34. M.L. O'Donoghue, D.A. Morrow, and S. Tsimikas et al. Lipoprotein(a) for risk assessment in patients with established coronary artery disease J Am Coll Cardiol 63 2014 520 527
35. S. Lamon-Fava, S.M. Marcovina, and J.J. Albers et al. Lipoprotein(a) levels, apo(a) isoform size, and coronary heart disease risk in the Framingham Offspring Study J Lipid Res 52 2011 1181 1187
36. S. Tsimikas, J. Witztum, and A. Catapano Effect of mipomersen on lipoprotein(a) in patients with hypercholesterolemia across four phase III studies (abstr) J Am Coll Cardiol 59 Suppl 2012 A366
37. J.M. McKenney, M.J. Koren, D.J. Kereiakes, C. Hanotin, A.C. Ferrand, and E.A. Stein Safety and efficacy of a monoclonal antibody to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 serine protease, SAR236553/REGN727, in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia receiving ongoing stable atorvastatin therapy J Am Coll Cardiol 59 2012 2344 2353
38. E. Merki, M. Graham, and A. Taleb et al. Antisense oligonucleotide lowers plasma levels of apolipoprotein (a) and lipoprotein (a) in transgenic mice J Am Coll Cardiol 57 2011 1611 1621
39. N.J. Viney, M. Graham, R. Crooke, S. Hughes, and W. Singleton Evaluation of Isis apo(a)Rx, an antisense inhibitor to apolipoprotein(a), in healthy volunteers Circulation 128 2013 A14196
40. C. Laminca, and F. Kronenberg The mysterious lipoprotein(a) is still good for a surprise Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 1 2013 170 172
41. K.F. Kerr, Z. Wang, H. Janes, R.L. McClelland, B.M. Psaty, and M.S. Pepe Net reclassification indices for evaluating risk prediction instruments: a critical review Epidemiology 25 2014 114 121