Transparent conducting oxides: A δ-doped superlattice approach

Scientific Reports

Volumn 4, Issue , 2014, Pages

  Cooper, Valentino R ^a   Seo, Sung S Ambrose ^a,b   Lee, Suyoun ^a,c   Kim, Jun Sung ^d   Choi, Woo Seok ^a,e   Okamoto, Satoshi ^a   Lee, Ho Nyung ^a  

^a OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

^c Korea Institute of Science and Technology   (South Korea)

^d Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)   (South Korea)

^e Sungkyunkwan University   (South Korea)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84905918426     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20452322     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/srep06021     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Ando, T., Fowler, A. B. & Stern, F. Electronic properties of two-dimensional systems. Rev. Mod. Phys. 54, 437-672 (1982).
2. Grahn, H. T. Semiconductor Superlattices. (World Scientific, 1995).
3. Dingle, R., Stormer, H. L., Gossard, A. C. &Wiegmann, W. Electron mobilities in modulation-doped semiconductor heterojunction superlattices. Appl. Phys. Lett. 33, 665-667 (1978).
4. v. Klitzing, K., Dorda, G. & Pepper, M. New method for high-accuracy determination of the fine-structure constant based on quantized Hall resistance. Phys. Rev. Lett. 45, 494-497 (1980).
5. Tsukazaki, A. et al. Quantum Hall effect in polar oxide heterostructures. Science 315, 1388-1391 (2007). (Pubitemid 46399542)
6. Ohtomo, A., Muller, D. A., Grazul, J. L. & Hwang, H. Y. Artificial chargemodulationin atomic-scale perovskite titanate superlattices. Nature 419, 378-380 (2002).
7. Ohtomo, A. & Hwang, H. Y. A high-mobility electron gas at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterointerface. Nature 427, 423-426 (2004). (Pubitemid 38168490)
8. Shibuya, K., Ohnishi, T., Kawasaki, M., Koinuma, H. & Lippmaa, M. Metallic LaTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattice films on the SrTiO3 (100) surface. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 43, L1178-L1180 (2004).
9. Okamoto, S. & Millis, A. J. Electronic reconstruction at an interface between a Mott insulator and a band insulator. Nature 428, 630-633 (2004). (Pubitemid 38524800)
10. Herranz, G. et al. High mobility in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures: Origin, dimensionality, and perspectives. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 216803 (2007).
11. Santander-Syro, A. F. et al. Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO3. Nature 469, 189-193 (2011).
12. Meevasana, W. et al. Creation and control of a two-dimensional electron liquid at the bare SrTiO3 surface. Nat. Mater. 10, 114-118 (2011).
13. Seo, S. S. A. et al. Optical study of the free-carrier response of LaTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices. Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 266801 (2007).
14. Kim, J. S. et al. Nonlinear Hall effect and multichannel conduction in LaTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices. Phys. Rev. B 82, 201407(R) (2010).
15. Mannhart, J. & Schlom, D. G. Oxide interfaces-An opportunity for electronics. Science 327, 1607-1611 (2010).
16. Assmann, E. et al. Oxide heterostructures for efficient solar cells. Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 078701 (2013).
17. Jalan, B., Stemmer, S., Mack, S. & Allen, S. J. Two-dimensional electron gas in ddoped SrTiO3. Phys. Rev. B 82, 081103 (2010).
18. Choi, W. S., Lee, S., Cooper, V. R. & Lee, H. N. Fractionally d-doped oxide superlattices for higher carrier mobilities. Nano Lett. 12, 4590-4594 (2012).
19. Lee, C., Destry, J. & Brebner, J. L. Optical absorption and transport in semiconducting SrTiO3. Phys. Rev. B 11, 2299-2310 (1975).
20. Baer, W. S. Free-carrier absorption in reduced SrTiO3. Phys. Rev. 144, 734-738 (1966).
21. Kim, Y. S. et al. Localized electronic states induced by defects and possible origin of ferroelectricity in strontium titanate thin films. Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 202906 (2009).
22. Ishibashi, S., Higuchi, Y., Ota, Y. & Nakamura, K. Low resistivity indium in oxide transparent conductive films. II. Effect of sputtering voltage on electrical property of films. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., A 8, 1403-1406 (1990).
23. Cantoni, C. et al. Electron transfer and ionic displacements as the origin of the 2D electron gas at the LAO/STO interface: Direct measurements with atomic-column spatial resolution. Adv. Mater. 24, 3952-3957 (2012).
24. Okamoto, S., Millis, A. J. & Spaldin, N. A. Lattice relaxation in oxide heterostructures: LaTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 056802 (2006).
25. Cooper, V. R. Enhanced carrier mobilities in two-dimensional electron gases at III-III/I-V oxide heterostructure interfaces. Phys. Rev. B 85, 235109 (2012).
26. Hamann, D. R., Muller, D. A. & Hwang, H. Y. Lattice-polarization effects on electron-gas charge densities in ionic superlattices. Phys. Rev. B 73, 195403 (2006).
27. Isihara, A. & Smrcka, L. Density and magnetic field dependences of the conductivity of two-dimensional electron systems. J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 19, 6777-6789 (1986).
28. Averkiev, N. S., Golub, L. E. & Tarasenko, S. A. Quasi-two- dimensional Shubnikov-de Haas effect. J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 90, 360-362 (2000).
29. Kozuka, Y. et al. Two-dimensional normal-state quantum oscillations in a superconducting heterostructure. Nature 462, 487-490 (2009).
30. Doiron-Leyraud, N. et al. Quantum oscillations and the Fermi surface in an underdoped high-Tc superconductor. Nature 447, 565-568 (2007). (Pubitemid 46868048)
31. Barisic, N. et al. Universal quantum oscillations in the underdoped cuprate superconductors. Nat. Phys. 9, 761-764 (2013).
32. Khalsa, G., Lee, B. & MacDonald, A. H. Theory of t2g electron-gas Rashba interactions. Phys. Rev. B 88, 041302(R) (2013).
33. Okamoto, S. & Millis, A. J. Theory of Mott insulator-band insulator heterostructures. Phys. Rev. B 70, 075101 (2004).
34. Kancharla, S. S. & Dagotto, E. Metallic interface at the boundary between band and Mott insulators. Phys. Rev. B 74, 195427 (2006).
35. Giannozzi, P. et al. QUANTUM ESPRESSO: a modular and open-source software project for quantum simulations of materials. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21, 395502 (2009).
36. Anisimov, V. I., Zaanen, J. & Anderson, O. K. Bond theory and Mott insulators: Hubbard U instead of Stoner T. Phys. Rev. B 44, 943-954 (1991).