Interactions of organic solvents at graphene/α-Al2O 3 and graphene oxide/α-Al2O3 interfaces studied by sum frequency generation

Journal of Physical Chemistry C

Volumn 118, Issue 31, 2014, Pages 17745-17755

  Achtyl, Jennifer L ^a   Vlassiouk, Ivan V ^b   Dai, Sheng ^b,c   Geiger, Franz ^a  

^a NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADSORPTION; ALCOHOLS; ALUMINUM; BINARY MIXTURES; CYCLOHEXANE; DEFECTS; OXIDE FILMS; PLASMA APPLICATIONS; THERMODYNAMICS;

INTERFACIAL STRUCTURES; LANGMUIR ADSORPTION MODEL; ORIENTATION DISTRIBUTIONS; OXYGEN PLASMA TREATMENTS; QUANTITATIVE THERMODYNAMICS; SUM FREQUENCY GENERATION; THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS; VIBRATIONAL SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATIONS;

GRAPHENE;

EID: 84905867073     PISSN: 19327447     EISSN: 19327455     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp5047547     Document Type: Article

References (110)

1. Novoselov, K. S.; Geim, A. K.; Morozov, S. V.; Jiang, D.; Zhang, Y.; Dubonos, S. V.; Grigorieva, I. V.; Firsov, A. A. Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films Science 2004, 306, 666-669
2. Geim, A. K. Graphene: Status and Prospects Science 2009, 324, 1530-1534
3. Stolyarova, E.; Stolyarov, D.; Bolotin, K.; Ryu, S.; Liu, L.; Rim, K. T.; Klima, M.; Hybertsen, M.; Pogorelsky, I.; Pavlishin, I. Observation of Graphene Bubbles and Effective Mass Transport under Graphene Films Nano Lett. 2008, 9, 332-337
4. Wang, Q. H.; Jin, Z.; Kim, K. K.; Hilmer, A. J.; Paulus, G. L. C.; Shih, C.-J.; Ham, M.-H.; Sanchez-Yamagishi, J. D.; Watanabe, K.; Taniguchi, T. Understanding and Controlling the Substrate Effect on Graphene Electron-Transfer Chemistry Via Reactivity Imprint Lithography Nat. Chem. 2012, 4, 724-732
5. Geim, A. K.; N, K. S. The Rise of Graphene Nat. Mater. 2007, 6, 183-191
6. Feng, X.; Maier, S.; Salmeron, M. Water Splits Epitaxial Graphene and Intercalates J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 5662-5668
7. Guo, F.; Silverberg, G.; Bowers, S.; Kim, S.-P.; Datta, D.; Shenoy, V.; Hurt, R. H. Graphene-Based Environmental Barriers Environ. Sci. Technol. 2012, 46, 7717-7724
8. Ratinac, K. R.; Yang, W.; Ringer, S. P.; Braet, F. Toward Ubiquitous Environmental Gas Sensors-Capitalizing on the Promise of Graphene Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44, 1167-1176
9. Shu, C.; Wang, E.; Jiang, L.; Sun, G. High Performance Cathode Based on Carbon Fiber Felt for Magnesium-Air Fuel Cells Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2013, 38, 5885-5893
10. Dubacheva, G. V.; Liang, C.-K.; Bassani, D. M. Functional Monolayers from Carbon Nanostructures-Fullerenes, Carbon Nanotubes, and Graphene-as Novel Materials for Solar Energy Conversion Coord. Chem. Rev. 2012, 256, 2628-2639
11. Guo, S.; Dong, S. Graphene Nanosheet: Synthesis, Molecular Engineering, Thin Film, Hybrids, and Energy and Analytical Applications Chem. Soc. Rev. 2011, 40, 2644-2672
12. Baldelli, S.; Bao, J.; Wu, W.; Pei, S.-s. Sum Frequency Generation Study on the Orientation of Room-Temperature Ionic Liquid at the Graphene-Ionic Liquid Interface Chem. Phys. Lett. 2011, 516, 171-173
13. Kislenko, S. A.; Samoylov, I. S.; Amirov, R. H. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Electrochemical Interface Between a Graphite Surface and the Ionic Liquid [BMIM][PF6] Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2009, 11, 5584-5590
14. Simon, P.; Gogotsi, Y. Capacitive Energy Storage in Nanostructured Carbon-Electrolyte Systems Acc. Chem. Res. 2012, 46, 1094-1103
15. Jang, J.; Park, J.; Nam, S.; Anthony, J. E.; Kim, Y.; Kim, K. S.; Kim, K. S.; Hong, B. H.; Park, C. E. Self-Organizing Properties of Triethylsilylethynyl-Anthradithiophene on Monolayer Graphene Electrodes in Solution-Processed Transistors Nanoscale 2013, 5, 11094-11101
16. Kauppila, J.; Kunnas, P.; Damlin, P.; Viinikanoja, A.; Kvarnström, C. Electrochemical Reduction of Graphene Oxide Films in Aqueous and Organic Solutions Electrochim. Acta 2013, 89, 84-89
17. Lee, J.-Y.; Y, T.-Y.; Liu, L.-K. The Microwave-Assisted Ionic Liquid Nanocomposite Synthesis: Platinum Nanoparticles on Grpahene and the Application of Hydrogenation of Styrene Nanoscale Res. Lett. 2013, 8, 1-6
18. Meng, Y. W. Q.; Chen, L.; Wangmo, S.; Gao, Y.; Wang, Z.; Zang, R.-Q.; Ding, D.; Niehaus, T. A.; Frauenheim, T. Signatures in Vibrational and UV-Visible Absorption Spectra for Indentifying Cyclic Hydrocarbons by Graphene Fragments Nanoscale 2013, 5, 12178-12184
19. 4 Nanocrystals on Graphene Oxide as a Synergistic Catalyst for Degradation of Orange II in Water by Advanced Oxidation Technology Based on Sulfate Radicals Appl. Catal., B 2012, 123-124, 265-272
20. Atherton, K. D. Using Graphene, Lockheed Martin Wants to Turn Salt Water Into Drinking Water. Pop. Sci. [Online Early Access]. Published Online: 2013.
21. Cooper, J.; Myers, M.; Chow, E.; Hubble, L.; Cairney, J.; Pejcic, B.; Müller, K.-H.; Wieczorek, L.; Raguse, B. Performance of Graphene, Carbon Nanotube, and Gold Nanoparticle Chemiresistor Sensors for the Detection of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Water J. Nanopart. Res. 2013, 16, 1-13
22. Xu, K.; Lam, Y.; Zhang, S. S.; Jow, T. R.; Curtis, T. B. Solvation Sheath of Li+ in Nonaqueous Electrolytes and Its Implication of Graphite/Electrolyte Interface Chemistry J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 7411-7421
23. Liu, W.; Yan, X.; Lang, J.; Xue, Q. Electrochemical Behavior of Graphene Nanosheets in Alkylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate Ionic Liquid Electrolytes: Influences of Organic Solvents and the Alkyl Chains J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21, 13205-13212
24. Myers, M.; Cooper, J.; Pejcic, B.; Baker, M.; Raguse, B.; Wieczorek, L. Functionalized Graphene as an Aqueous Phase Chemiresistor Sensing Material Sens. Actuators, B 2011, 155, 154-158
25. Song, Y.; Liu, H.; Wan, L.; Wang, Y.; Hou, H.; Wang, L. Direct Electrochemistry of Cytochrome c Based on Poly(diallyldimethylammonium Chloride)-Graphene Nanosheets/Gold Nanoparticles Hybrid Nanocomposites and Its Biosensing Electroanalysis 2013, 25, 1400-1409
26. Gordeev, E. G.; Polynski, M. V.; Ananikov, V. P. Fast and Accurate Computational Modeling of Adsorption on Graphene: A Dispersion Interaction Challenge Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15, 18815-18821
27. Chialvo, A. A.; Simonson, J. M. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Interfacial Behavior of Short-Chain Polystyrene Sulfonate Aqueous Solutions in Contact with Graphene Surfaces in the Presence of Multivalent Cations J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 19521-19529
28. Singh, V.; Joung, D.; Zhai, L.; Das, S.; Khondaker, S. I.; Seal, S. Graphene Based Materials: Past, Present and Future Prog. Mater. Sci. 2011, 56, 1178-1271
29. Paek, E.; Pak, A. J.; Hwang, G. S. A Computational Study of the Interfacial Structure and Capacitance of Graphene in BMIM PF6 Ionic Liquid J. Electrochem. Soc. 2013, 160, A1-A10
30. Song, S. M. C.; B, J. Investigation of Interaction Between Graphene and Dielectrics Nanotechnology 2010, 21, 335706-335712
31. Ishigami, M.; Chen, J. H.; Cullen, W. G.; Fuhrer, M. S.; Williams, E. D. Atomic Structure of Graphene on SiO2 Nano Lett. 2007, 7, 1643-1648
32. Stolyarova, E.; Rim, K. T.; Ryu, S.; Maultzsch, J.; Kim, P.; Brus, L. E.; Heinz, T. F.; Hybertsen, M. S.; Flynn, G. W. High-Resolution Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Imaging of Mesoscopic Graphene Sheets on an Insulating Surface Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2007, 104, 9209-9212
33. Hossain, M. Z. Chemistry at the Graphene-SiO2 Interface Appl. Phys. Lett. 2009, 95, 143125-143128
34. Chen, J.-H.; Cullen, W. G.; Jang, C.; Fuhrer, M. S.; Williams, E. D. Defect Scattering in Graphene Phys. Rev. Lett. 2009, 102, 236805
35. Kim, H.; Balgar, T.; Hasselbrink, E. Is There sp(3)-Bound H on Epitaxial Graphene? Evidence for Adsorption on Both Sides of the Sheet Chem. Phys. Lett. 2012, 546, 12-17
36. Ghatee, M. H.; Moosavi, F. Physisorption of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium Ionic Liquids on the Graphenes J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 5626-5636
37. Wang, Y.-L.; L, A.; Lu, Z.-Y. Influence of Ionic Liquid Film Thickness on Ion Pair Distributions and Orientations at Graphene and Vacuum Interfaces Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15, 13559-13569
38. Lin, C. K.; Shih, C. C.; Niu, Y. L.; Tsai, M. Y.; Shiu, Y. J.; Zhu, C. Y.; Hayashi, M.; Lin, S. H. Theoretical Study on Structure and Sum-Frequency Generation (SFG) Spectroscopy of Styrene-Graphene Adsorption System J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 1754-1760
39. Chialvo, A. A.; Simonson, J. M. On the Molecular Mechanism of Surface Charge Amplification and Related Phenomena at Aqueous Polyelectrolyte-Graphene Interfaces Condens. Matter Phys. 2011, 14, 33002:33001-33002:33010
40. Achtyl, J. L.; Vlassiouk, I. V.; Fulvio, P. F.; Mahurin, S. M.; Dai, S.; Geiger, F. M. Free Energy Relationships in the Electrical Double Layer over Single-Layer Graphene J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 979-981
41. Achtyl, J. L.; Vlassiouk, I. V.; Surwade, S. P.; Fulvio, P. F.; Dai, S.; Geiger, F. M. Interaction of Magnesium Ions with Pristine Single-Layer and Defected Graphene/Water Interfaces Studied by Second Harmonic Generation J. Phys. Chem. B 2014, 118, 7739-7749
42. Kim, H.; Balgar, T.; Hasselbrink, E. The Stretching Vibration of Hydrogen Adsorbed on Epitaxial Graphene Studied by Sum-Frequency Generation Spectroscopy Chem. Phys. Lett. 2011, 508, 1-5
43. Balgar, T.; Kim, H.; Hasselbrink, E. Preparation of Graphene with Graphane Areas of Controlled Hydrogen Isotope Composition on Opposite Sides J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2013, 4, 2094-2098
44. Xu, S.; Xing, S.; Pei, S.-S.; Baldelli, S. Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy Study of an Ionic Liquid at a Graphene-BaF2 (111) Interface J. Phys. Chem. B 2014, 118, 5203-5210
45. 3 Surface J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 14661-14668
46. Lu, R.; Gan, W.; Wu, B.-h.; Zhang, Z.; Guo, Y.; Wang, H.-f C-H Stretching Vibrations of Methyl, Methylene and Methine Groups at the Vapor/Alcohol (n = 1-8) Interfaces J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 14118-14129
47. Weeraman, C.; Yatawara, A. K.; Bordenyuk, A. N.; Benderskii, A. V. Effect of Nanoscale Geometry on Molecular Conformation: Vibrational Sum-Frequency Generation of Alkanethiols on Gold Nanoparticles J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 14244-14245
48. Bordenyuk, A. N.; Weeraman, C.; Yatawara, A.; Jayathilake, H. D.; Stiopkin, I.; Liu, Y.; Benderskii, A. V. Vibrational Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy of Dodecanethiol on Metal Nanoparticles J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 8925-8933
49. Hayes, P. L.; Chen, E. H.; Achtyl, J. L.; Geiger, F. M. An Optical Voltmeter for Studying Cetyltrimethylammonium Interacting with Fused Silica/Aqueous Interfaces at High Ionic Strength J. Phys. Chem. A 2009, 113, 4269-4280
50. Stokes, G. Y.; Buchbinder, A. M.; Gibbs-Davis, J. M.; Scheidt, K. A.; Geiger, F. M. Chemically Diverse Environmental Interfaces and their Reactions with Ozone Studied by Sum Frequency Generation Vib. Spectrosc. 2009, 50, 86-98
51. Buchbinder, A. M.; Weitz, E.; Geiger, F. M. Pentane, Hexane, Cyclopentane, Cyclohexane, 1-Hexene, 1-Pentene, cis-2-Pentene, Cyclohexene, and Cyclopentene at Vapor/α-Alumina and Liquid/α-Alumina Interfaces Studied by Broadband Sum Frequency Generation J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 114, 554-566
52. Walter, S. R.; Youn, J.; Emery, J. D.; Kewalramani, S.; Hennek, J. W.; Bedzyk, M. J.; Facchetti, A.; Marks, T. J.; Geiger, F. M. In-Situ Probe of Gate Dielectric-Semiconductor Interfacial Order in Organic Transistors: Origin and Control of Large Performance Sensitivities J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 11726-11733
53. Walter, S. R.; Young, K. L.; Holland, J. G.; Gieseck, R. L.; Mirkin, C. A.; Geiger, F. M. Counting the Number of Magnesium Ions Bound to the Surface-Immobilized Thymine Oligonucleotides That Comprise Spherical Nucleic Acids J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 17339-17348
54. Achtyl, J. L.; Buchbinder, A. M.; Geiger, F. M. Hydrocarbon on Carbon: Coherent Vibrational Spectroscopy of Toluene on Graphite J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2012, 3, 280-282
55. Frederick, M. T.; Achtyl, J. L.; Knowles, K. E.; Weiss, E. A.; Geiger, F. M. Surface-Amplified Ligand Disorder in CdSe Quantum Dots Determined by Electron and Coherent Vibrational Spectroscopies J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 7476-7481
56. Buchbinder, A. M.; Gibbs-Davis, J. M.; Stokes, G. Y.; Peterson, M. D.; Weitz, E.; Geiger, F. M. Method for Evaluating Vibrational Mode Assignments in Surface-Bound Cyclic Hydrocarbons Using Sum-Frequency Generation J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 18284-18294
57. Buchbinder, A. M.; Ray, N. A.; Lu, J. L.; Van Duyne, R. P.; Stair, P. C.; Weitz, E.; Geiger, F. M. Displacement of Hexanol by the Hexanoic Acid Overoxidation Product in Alcohol Oxidation on a Model Supported Palladium Nanoparticle Catalyst J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 17816-17823
58. (3): Dissecting Environmental Interfaces with a Nonlinear Optical Swiss Army Knife Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 2009, 60, 61-83
59. Shen, Y. R.; Ostroverkhov, V. Sum-Frequency Vibrational Spectroscopy on Water Interfaces: Polar Orientation of Water Molecules at Interfaces Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 1140-1154
60. Richmond, G. L. Molecular Bonding and Interactions at Aqueous Surfaces as Probed by Vibrational Sum Frequency Spectroscopy Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 2693-2724
61. Gopalakrishnan, S.; Liu, D.; Allen, H. C.; Kuo, M.; Shultz, M. J. Vibrational Spectroscopic Studies of Aqueous Interfaces: Salts, Acids, Bases, and Nanodrops Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 1155-1175
62. Esenturk, O.; Walker, R. A. Surface Structure at Hexadecane and Halo-Hexadecane Liquid/Vapor Interfaces J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108, 10631-10635
63. Moad, A. J.; Simpson, G. J. A Unified Treatment of Selection Rules and Symmetry Relations for Sum-Frequency and Second Harmonic Spectroscopies J. Phys.Chem. B 2004, 108, 3548-3562
64. Hong-Fei, W.; Wei, G.; Rong, L.; Yi, R.; Bao-Hua, W. Quantitative Spectral and Orientational Analysis in Surface Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy (SFG-VS) Int. Rev. Phys. Chem. 2005, 24, 191-256
65. Zhuang, X.; Miranda, P. B.; Kim, D.; Shen, Y. R. Mapping Molecular Orientation and Conformation at Interfaces by Surface Nonlinear Optics Phys. Rev. B 1999, 59, 12632-12640
66. Lambert, A. G.; Davies, P. B.; Neivandt, D. J. Implementing the Theory of Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy: A Tutorial Review Appl. Spectrosc. Rev. 2005, 40, 103-145
67. Eisenthal, K. B. Liquid Interfaces Probed by Second-Harmonic and Sum-Frequency Spectroscopy Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 1343-1360
68. Lagutchev, A.; Hambir, S. A.; Dlott, D. D. Nonresonant Background Suppression in Broadband Vibrational Sum-Frequency Generation Spectroscopy J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 13645-13647
69. Curtis, A. D.; Reynolds, S. B.; Calchera, A. R.; Patterson, J. E. Understanding the Role of Nonresonant Sum-Frequency Generation from Polystyrene Thin Films J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2010, 1, 2435-2439
70. Lagutchev, A.; Lozano, A.; Mukherjee, P.; Hambir, S. A.; Dlott, D. D. Compact Broadband Vibrational Sum-Frequency Generation Spectrometer with Nonresonant Suppression Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 2010, 75, 1289-1296
71. Yeganeh, M. S.; Dougal, S. M.; Polizzotti, R. S.; Rabinowitz, P. Interfacial Atomic Structure of a Self-Assembled Alkyl Thiol Monolayer/Au(111): A Sum-Frequency Generation Study Phys. Rev. Lett. 1995, 74, 1811-1814
72. Stokes, G. Y.; Buchbinder, A. M.; Gibbs-Davis, J. M.; Scheidt, K. A.; Geiger, F. M. Heterogeneous Ozone Oxidation Reactions of 1-Pentene, Cyclopentene, Cyclohexene, and a Menthenol Derivative Studied by Sum Frequency Generation J. Phys. Chem. A 2008, 112, 11688-11698
73. Voges, A. B.; Al-Abadleh, H. A.; Musorrafiti, M. J.; Bertin, P. A.; Nguyen, S. T.; Geiger, F. M. Carboxylic Acid- and Ester-Functionalized Siloxane Scaffolds on Glass Studied by Broadband Sum Frequency Generation J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108, 18675-18682
74. Ding, F.; Zhong, Q.; Brindza, M. R.; Fourkas, J. T.; Walker, R. A. Ti:Sapphire, Broadband Vibrational Sum Frequency Generation Spectrometer with Acounter-Propagating Geometry Opt. Express 2009, 17, 14665-14675
75. Esenturk, O.; Walker, R. A. Surface Vibrational Structure at Alkane Liquid/Vapor Interfaces J. Chem. Phys. 2006, 125, 174701-174713
76. Vlassiouk, I.; Regmi, M.; Fulvio, P.; Dai, S.; Datskos, P.; Eres, G.; Smirnov, S. Role of Hydrogen in Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth of Large Single-Crystal Graphene ACS Nano 2011, 5, 6069-6076
77. Vlassiouk, I.; Smirnov, S.; Regmi, M.; Surwade, S. P.; Srivastava, N.; Feenstra, R.; Eres, G.; Parish, C.; Lavrik, N.; Datskos, P. Graphene Nucleation Density on Copper: Fundamental Role of Background Pressure J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 18919-18926
78. Choi, K.; Lim, J.; Rani, J. R.; Yoon, H. S.; Oh, J.; Hong, T.; Ha, T.; Park, B. C.; Sim, K. I.; Jun, S. C. Terahertz and Optical Study of Monolayer Graphene Processed by Plasma Oxidation Appl. Phys. Lett. 2013, 102, 131901-131904
79. McEvoy, N.; Nolan, H.; Ashok Kumar, N.; Hallam, T.; Duesberg, G. S. Functionalisation of Graphene Surfaces with Downstream Plasma Treatments Carbon 2013, 54, 283-290
80. Shin, Y. J.; Wang, Y.; Huang, H.; Kalon, G.; Wee, A. T. S.; Shen, Z.; Bhatia, C. S.; Yang, H. Surface-Energy Engineering of Graphene Langmuir 2010, 26, 3798-3802
81. Liu, L.; Xie, D.; Wu, M.; Yang, X.; Xu, Z.; Wang, W.; Bai, X.; Wang, E. Controlled Oxidative Functionalization of Monolayer Graphene by Water-Vapor Plasma Etching Carbon 2012, 50, 3039-3044
82. Xiao, N.; Dong, X.; Song, L.; Liu, D.; Tay, Y.; Wu, S.; Li, L.-J.; Zhao, Y.; Yu, T.; Zhang, H. Enhanced Thermopower of Graphene Films with Oxygen Plasma Treatment ACS Nano 2011, 5, 2749-2755
83. Graf, D.; Molitor, F.; Ensslin, K.; Stampfer, C.; Jungen, A.; Hierold, C.; Wirtz, L. Spatially Resolved Raman Spectroscopy of Single- and Few-Layer Graphene Nano Lett. 2007, 7, 238-242
84. Ferrari, A. C. Raman Spectroscopy of Graphene and Graphite: Disorder, Electron-Phonon Coupling, Doping and Nonadiabatic Effects Solid State Commun. 2007, 143, 47-57
85. Ferrari, A. C.; M, J. C.; Scardaci, V.; Casiraghi, C.; Lasseri, M.; Mauri, F.; Piscanec, S.; Jiang, D.; Novoselov, K. S.; Roth, S.; Geim, A. K. Raman Spectrum of Graphene and Graphene Layers Phys. Rev. Lett. 2006, 97, 187401-187404
86. Rao, C. N. R.; Sood, A. K.; Subrahmanyam, K. S.; Govindaraj, A. Graphene: The New Two-Dimensional Nanomaterial Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 7752-7777
87. Pimenta, M. A.; Dresselhaus, G.; Dresselhaus, M. S.; Cancado, L. G.; Jorio, A.; Saito, R. Studying Disorder in Graphite-Based Systems by Raman Spectroscopy Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2007, 9, 1276-1290
88. Malard, L. M.; Pimenta, M. A.; Dresselhaus, G.; Dresselhaus, M. S. Raman Spectroscopy in Graphene Phys. Rep. 2009, 473, 51-87
89. Peltekis, N.; Kumar, S.; McEvoy, N.; Lee, K.; Weidlich, A.; Duesberg, G. S. The Effect of Downstream Plasma Treatments on Graphene Surfaces Carbon 2012, 50, 395-403
90. Cançado, L. G.; Jorio, A.; Ferreira, E. H. M.; Stavale, F.; Achete, C. A.; Capaz, R. B.; Moutinho, M. V. O.; Lombardo, A.; Kulmala, T. S.; Ferrari, A. C. Quantifying Defects in Graphene via Raman Spectroscopy at Different Excitation Energies Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 3190-3196
91. Calizo, I. B.; Wenzhong, B.; Miao, F.; Lau, C.-N.; Balandin, A. A. The Effect of Substrates on the Raman Spectrum of Graphene: Graphene-on-Sapphire and Graphene-on-Glass Appl. Phys. Lett. 2007, 91, 201904-201907
92. Wang, Y. y.; Ni, Z. h.; Yu, T.; Shen, Z. X.; Wang, H. m.; Wu, Y. h.; Chen, W.; Shen Wee, A. T. Raman Studies of Monolayer Graphene: The Substrate Effect J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 10637-10640
93. Gokus, T.; Nair, R. R.; Bonetti, A.; Böhmler, M.; Lombardo, A.; Novoselov, K. S.; Geim, A. K.; Ferrari, A. C.; Hartschuh, A. Making Graphene Luminescent by Oxygen Plasma Treatment ACS Nano 2009, 3, 3963-3968
94. Kim, D. C.; J, D. Y.; Chung, H. J.; Woo, Y.; Shin, J. K.; Seo, S. The Structural and Electrical Evolution of Graphene by Oxygen Plasma-Induced Disorder Nanotechnology 2009, 20, 375703-375711
95. Lucchese, M. M.; Stavale, F.; Ferreira, E. H. M.; Vilani, C.; Moutinho, M. V. O.; Capaz, R. B.; Achete, C. A.; Jorio, A. Quantifying Ion-Induced Defects and Raman Relaxation Length in Graphene Carbon 2010, 48, 1592-1597
96. Chai, J.; Lu, F.; Li, B.; Kwok, D. Y. Wettability Interpretation of Oxygen Plasma Modified Poly(methyl methacrylate) Langmuir 2004, 20, 10919-10927
97. Ben Amor, S.; Baud, G.; Jacquet, M.; Nansé, G.; Fioux, P.; Nardin, M. XPS Characterisation of Plasma-Treated and Alumina-Coated PMMA Appl. Surf. Sci. 2000, 153, 172-183
98. Rafiee, J.; Mi, X.; Gullapalli, H.; Thomas, A. V.; Yavari, F.; Shi, Y.; Ajayan, P. M.; Koratkar, N. A. Wetting Transparency of Graphene Nat. Mater. 2012, 11, 217-222
99. Zhou, H.; Ganesh, P.; Presser, V.; Wander, M. C. F.; Fenter, P.; Kent, P. R. C.; Jiang, D.-e.; Chialvo, A. A.; McDonough, J.; Shuford, K. L. Understanding Controls on Interfacial Wetting at Epitaxial Graphene: Experiment and Theory Phys. Rev. B 2012, 85, 035406-0354017
100. Shih, C.-J.; Wang, Q. H.; Lin, S.; Park, K.-C.; Jin, Z.; Strano, M. S.; Blankschtein, D. Breakdown in the Wetting Transparency of Graphene Phys. Rev. Lett. 2012, 109, 176101-176105
101. Brindza, M. R.; Ding, F.; Fourkas, J. T.; Walker, R. A. n-Alkane Adsorption to Polar Silica Surfaces J. Chem. Phys. 2010, 132, 114701-114707
102. Li, G.; Dhinojwala, A.; Yeganeh, M. S. Interfacial Structure and Melting Temperature of Alcohol and Alkane Molecules in Contact with Polystyrene Films J. Phys. Chem. B 2009, 113, 2739-2747
103. 4 Interface as Studied by Sum-Frequency Vibrational Spectroscopy Langmuir 1998, 14, 6722-6727
104. Voges, A. B.; Stokes, G. Y.; Gibbs-Davis, J. M.; Lettan, R. B.; Bertin, P. A.; Pike, R. C.; Nguyen, S. T.; Scheidt, K. A.; Geiger, F. M. Insights into Heterogeneous Atmospheric Oxidation Chemistry: Development of a Tailor-Made Synthetic Model for Studying Tropospheric Surface Chemistry J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 1567-1578
105. Nanjundiah, K.; Dhinojwala, A. Confinement-Induced Ordering of Alkanes between an Elastomer and a Solid Surface Phys. Rev. Lett. 2005, 95, 154301-154304
106. Guyot-Sionnest, P.; Hunt, J. H.; Shen, Y. R. Sum-Frequency Vibrational Spectroscopy of a Langmuir Film: Study of Molecular Orientation of a Two-Dimensional System Phys. Rev. Lett. 1987, 59, 1597-1600
107. Bellamy, L. J. The Infra-red Spectra of Compex Molecules; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1975.
108. Hayes, P. L.; Keeley, A. R.; Geiger, F. M. Structure of the Cetyltrimethylammonium Surfactant at Fused Silica/Aqueous Interfaces Studied by Vibrational Sum Frequency Generation J. Phys. Chem. B 2010, 114, 4495-4502
109. Stanners, C. D.; Du, Q.; Chin, R. P.; Cremer, P.; Somorjai, G. A.; Shen, Y. R. Polar Ordering at the Liquid-Vapor Interface of n-Alcohols (C1-C8) Chem. Phys. Lett. 1995, 232, 407-413
110. Atkins, P. W.; de Paula, J. Atkins' Physical Chemistry; 8th ed.; W. H. Freeman and Company: New York, 2006.