Current understanding of chronic traumatic encephalopathy

Current Treatment Options in Neurology

Volumn 16, Issue 9, 2014, Pages

  Baugh, Christine M ^a   Robbins, Clifford A ^a   Stern, Robert A ^a   McKee, Ann C ^a,b  

^a BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b VA BOSTON HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

Author keywords

APOE; Biomarker; Brain trauma; Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE); Concussion; Football; Tau; Traumatic brain injury (TBI)

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MARKER;

ARTICLE; ATTENTION DISTURBANCE; AXONAL INJURY; CHRONIC TRAUMATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONCENTRATION LOSS; CONCUSSION; DEGENERATIVE DISEASE; GENETIC RISK; HEADACHE; HUMAN; IN VIVO STUDY; INJURY SEVERITY; LIFESTYLE; NEUROPATHOLOGY; RISK FACTOR; TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY;

EID: 84905669544     PISSN: 10928480     EISSN: 15343138     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11940-014-0306-5     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Corsellis J, Bruton C, Freeman-Browne D. The aftermath of boxing. Psychol Med. 1973;3(03):270-303.
2. Omalu BI, DeKosky ST, Minster RL, Kamboh MI, Hamilton RL, Wecht CH. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in a National Football League player. Neurosurgery. 2005;57(1):128-34. discussion -34.
3. Omalu BI, DeKosky ST, Hamilton RL, Minster RL, Kamboh MI, Shakir AM, et al. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in a national football league player: part II. Neurosurgery. 2006;59(5):1086-92. doi:10.1227/01.NEU.0000245601.69451.27. discussion 92-3.
4. Omalu BI, Fitzsimmons RP, Hammers J, Bailes J. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in a professional American wrestler. J Forensic Nurs. 2010;6(3):130- 6. doi:10.1111/j.1939-3938.2010.01078.x.
5. Omalu BI, Hamilton RL, Kamboh MI, DeKosky ST, Bailes J. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in a National Football League Player: case report and emerging medicolegal practice questions. J Forensic Nurs. 2010;6(1):40-6. doi:10.1111/j.1939-3938.2009.01064.x.
6. Omalu BI, Bailes J, Hammers JL, Fitzsimmons RP. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, suicides and parasuicides in professional American athletes: the role of the forensic pathologist. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2010;31(2):130-2. doi:10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181ca7f35.
7. McKee AC, Cantu RC, Nowinski CJ, Hedley-Whyte ET, Gavett BE, Budson AE, et al. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in athletes: progressive tauopathy after repetitive head injury. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2009;68(7):709-35. doi:10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181a9d503.
8. McKee AC, Gavett BE, Stern RA, Nowinski CJ, Cantu RC, Kowall NW, et al. TDP-43 proteinopathy and motor neuron disease in chronic traumatic encephalopathy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2010;69(9):918-29. doi:10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181ee7d85.
9. •• McKee AC, Stern RA, Nowinski CJ, Stein TD, Alvarez VE, Daneshvar DH, et al. The spectrum of disease in chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Brain. 2013;136(Pt 1):43 -64. doi:10.1093/brain/aws307. The largest case series of neuropathologically confirmed cases of CTE; proposes neuropathological staging criteria.
10. Hof PR, Knabe R, Bovier P, Bouras C. Neuropathological observations in a case of autism presenting with self-injury behavior. Acta Neuropathologica. 1991;82(4):321-6.
11. Geddes JF, Vowles GH, Nicoll JA, Revesz T. Neuronal cytoskeletal changes are an early consequence of repetitive head injury. Acta Neuropathologica. 1999;98(2):171 -8.
12. • Goldstein LE, Fisher AM, Tagge CA, Zhang XL, Velisek L, Sullivan JA, et al. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in blast-exposed military veterans and a blast neurotrauma mouse model. Sci Transl Med. 2012;4(134):134-60. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3003716. Novel blast neurotrauma model in mice, led to CTE-type pathology.
13. Martland HS. Punch drunk. JAMA. 1928;91(15):1103- 7.
14. Millspaugh JA. Dementia Pugilistica. US Naval Med Bull. 1937;35:297-303.
15. Omalu B, Bailes J, Hamilton RL, Kamboh MI, Hammers J, Case M, et al. Emerging histomorphologic phenotypes of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in American athletes. Neurosurgery. 2011;69(1):173-83. doi:10.1227/NEU. 0b013e318212bc7b. discussion 83.
16. •• Stern RA, Daneshvar DH, Baugh CM, Seichepine DR, Montenigro PH, Riley DO, et al. Clinical presentation of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Neurology. 2013;81(13):1122- 9. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a55f7f. Case series of neuropathologically-confirmed CTE cases, clinical presentation discussed in detail, two distinct clinical presentations proposed.
17. Gavett BE, Stern RA, McKee AC. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a potential late effect of sport-related concussive and subconcussive head trauma. Clin Sports Med. 2011;30(1):179-88. doi:10.1016/j.csm.2010.09.007. xi.
18. Baugh CM, Stamm JM, Riley DO, Gavett BE, Shenton ME, Lin A, et al. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: neurodegeneration following repetitive concussive and subconcussive brain trauma. Brain Imaging Behav. 2012;6(2):244-54. doi:10.1007/s11682-012-9164-5.
19. Stern RA, Riley DO, Daneshvar DH, Nowinski CJ, Cantu RC, McKee AC. Long-term consequences of repetitive brain trauma: chronic traumatic encephalopathy. PM & R. 2011;3(10 Suppl 2):S460-7. doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2011. 08.008.
20. • Victoroff J. Traumatic encephalopathy: review and provisional research diagnostic criteria. NeuroRehabilitation. 2013;32(2):211-24. doi:10.3233/nre-130839. Proposed clinical research diagnositc criteria for CTE.
21. • Jordan BD. The clinical spectrum of sport-related traumatic brain injury. Nature reviews Neurology. 2013;9(4):222-30. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2013. 33. Review paper, proposes clinical research diagnostic criteria for CTE.
22. Mawdsley C, Ferguson F. Neurological disease in boxers. Lancet. 1963;282(7312):795-801.
23. Soeder M, Arndt T. Affective disorders and changes in the electroencephalogram of boxers. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946). 1954;79(48):1792-5.
24. Grahmann H, Ule G. Diagnosis of chronic cerebral symptoms in boxers (dementia pugilistica & traumatic encephalopathy of boxers. Psychiatria et Neurologia. 1957;134(3-4):261-83.
25. • Gardner A, Iverson GL, McCrory P. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in sport: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(2):84-90. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092646. Systematic review of CTE, differentiates between classic and modern CTE.
26. Walilko TJ, Viano DC, Bir CA. Biomechanics of the head for Olympic boxer punches to the face. Br J Sports Med. 2005;39(10):710-9. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2004. 014126. (Pubitemid 41406583)
27. Viano DC, Casson IR, Pellman EJ, Bir CA, Zhang L, Sherman DC, et al. Concussion in professional football: comparison with boxing head impacts-part 10. Neurosurgery. 2005;57(6):1154-72. discussion -72.
28. Beitz JM. Parkinson's disease: a review. Frontiers Biosci (Scholar Ed). 2014;6:65-74.
29. • Iverson GL. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy and risk of suicide in former athletes. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(2):162 -5. doi:10.1136/bjsports- 2013-092935. Discusses relationship between CTE and suicidality.
30. Nock MK, Borges G, Bromet EJ, Alonso J, Angermeyer M, Beautrais A, et al. Cross-national prevalence and risk factors for suicidal ideation, plans and attempts. Br J Psychiatry. 2008;192(2):98-105. doi:10.1192/ bjp.bp.107.040113.
31. Nock MK, Hwang I, Sampson N, Kessler RC, Angermeyer M, Beautrais A, et al. Cross-national analysis of the associations among mental disorders and suicidal behavior: findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. PLoS Med. 2009;6(8):e1000123. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000123.
32. Roberts GW, Allsop D, Bruton C. The occult aftermath of boxing. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1990;53(5):373-8. (Pubitemid 20173271)
33. • Montenigro PH, Baugh CM, Daneshvar DH, Mez J, Budson AE, Au R, et al. Clinical subtypes of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: literature review and proposed research diagnostic criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome. Alzheimer's Res Ther. (In press). Review: discusses historical examples of CTE, proposes research diagnostic criteria for CTE.
34. McKhann GM, Knopman DS, Chertkow H, Hyman BT, Jack Jr CR, Kawas CH, et al. The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging- Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's Dementia. 2011;7(3):263-9. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2011.03.005.
35. • Small GW, Kepe V, Siddarth P, Ercoli LM, Merrill DA, Donoghue N, et al. PET scanning of brain tau in retired national football league players: preliminary findings. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2013;21(2):138-44. doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2012.11.019. Pilot study utilizing 18F-FDDNP PET radioligand in 5 former NFL athletes as a possible marker of CTE.
36. Riley DO, Robbins CA, Cantu RC, Stern RA. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: contributions from the Boston University Center for the Study of Traumatic Encephalopathy. Brain Inj. (In press).
37. Harada R, Okamura N, Furumoto S, Tago T, Maruyama M, Higuchi M, et al. Comparison of the binding characteristics of [18F]THK-523 and other amyloid imaging tracers to Alzheimer's disease pathology. Eur J Nuclr Med Mol Imaging. 2013;40(1):125-32. doi:10.1007/s00259-012-2261-2.
38. •• Chien DT, Bahri S, Szardenings AK, Walsh JC, Mu F, Su MY, et al. Early clinical PET imaging results with the novel PHF-tau radioligand [F-18]-T807. J Alzheimer's Dis. 2013;34(2):457-68. doi:10.3233/jad-122059. Early study of novel PHF-tau specific PET radioligand.
39. • Koerte IK, Ertl-Wagner B, Reiser M, Zafonte R, Shenton ME. White matter integrity in the brains of professional soccer players without a symptomatic concussion. JAMA. 2012;308(18):1859-61. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.13735. Study utilizing diffusion tensor imaging to examine professional soccer players, finds white matter disintegrity despite no symptomatic concussion.
40. • Bazarian JJ, Zhu T, Zhong J, Janigro D, Rozen E, Roberts A, et al. Persistent, long-term cerebral white matter changes after sports-related repetitive head impacts. PloS One. 2014;9(4):e94734. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0094734. Study utilizing diffusion tensor imaging to examine 10 college football players finds persistent white matter disintegrity, despite no clinically evident concussion.
41. • Lin AP, Liao HJ, Merugumala SK, Prabhu SP, Meehan III WP, Ross BD. Metabolic imaging of mild traumatic brain injury. Brain imaging and behavior. 2012;6(2):208-23. doi:10.1007/s11682-012-9181-4. Review of the potential use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy in examining mTBI in acute and chronic stages.
42. Buerger K, EwersM, Pirttila T, Zinkowski R, Alafuzoff I, Teipel SJ, et al. CSF phosphorylated tau protein correlates with neocortical neurofibrillary pathology in Alzheimer's disease. Brain. 2006;129(Pt 11):3035-41. doi:10.1093/brain/awl269. (Pubitemid 44684523)
43. Ward A, Crean S, Mercaldi CJ, Collins JM, Boyd D, Cook MN, et al. Prevalence of apolipoprotein E4 genotype and homozygotes (APOE e4/4) among patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroepidemiology. 2012;38(1):1-17. doi:10.1159/000334607.
44. Jordan BD, Relkin NR, Ravdin LD, Jacobs AR, Bennett A, Gandy S. Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 associated with chronic traumatic brain injury in boxing. JAMA. 1997;278(2):136-40. (Pubitemid 27287671)
45. Teasdale GM, Nicoll JA, Murray G, Fiddes M. Association of apolipoprotein E polymorphism with outcome after head injury. Lancet. 1997;350(9084):1069-71. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(97)04318-3. (Pubitemid 27437858)
46. Kutner KC, Erlanger DM, Tsai J, Jordan B, Relkin NR. Lower cognitive performance of older football players possessing apolipoprotein E epsilon4. Neurosurgery. 2000;47(3):651- 7. discussion 7-8.
47. Mayeux R, Ottman R, Maestre G, Ngai C, Tang MX, Ginsberg H, et al. Synergistic effects of traumatic head injury and apolipoprotein-epsilon 4 in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neurology. 1995;45(3 Pt 1):555-7.
48. Almeida OP, Hankey GJ, Yeap BB, Golledge J, Flicker L. Alcohol consumption and cognitive impairment in older men: a mendelian randomization study. Neurology. 2014;82(12):1038-44. doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000000255.
49. Zahr NM, Kaufman KL, Harper CG. Clinical and pathological features of alcohol-related brain damage. Nature reviews Neurology. 2011;7(5):284-94. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2011.42.
50. Hartgens F, Kuipers H. Effects of androgenic-anabolic steroids in athletes. Sports Med (Auckland, NZ). 2004;34(8):513-54.
51. Sheidow AJ, McCart M, Zajac K, Davis M. Prevalence and impact of substance use among emerging adults with serious mental health conditions. Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2012;35(3):235-43. doi:10.2975/ 35.3.2012.235.243.
52. •• Lehman EJ, Hein MJ, Baron SL, Gersic CM. Neuro-degenerative causes of death among retired National Football League players. Neurology. 2012;79:1970-4. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31826daf50. Study examining mortality associated with neurodegenerative diseases in NFL athletes, finds neurodegenerative mortality to be 3-4 times higher in NFL than general population.
53. Langlois JA, Rutland-Brown W, Wald MM. The epidemiology and impact of traumatic brain injury: a brief overview. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2006;21(5):375-8. (Pubitemid 44413110)
54. Concannon LG, Kaufman MS, Herring SA. Counseling athletes on the risk of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Sports Health. 2014. doi:10.1177/ 1941738114530958.