Effective connectivity among the working memory regions during preparation for and during performance of the n-back task

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

Volumn 8, Issue AUG, 2014, Pages

  Manelis, Anna ^a   Reder, Lynne M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

^b CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Connectivity; fMRI; Graph modeling; IMaGES; LOFS; Task preparation; Working memory; Working memory network

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BRAIN DEPTH STIMULATION; BRAIN ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; COGNITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEFAULT MODE NETWORK; EVOKED MUSCLE RESPONSE; FEMALE; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; MENTAL CAPACITY; MENTAL PERFORMANCE; MENTAL TASK; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; NERVE CELL NETWORK; NORMAL HUMAN; PERCEPTION; REST; SENSORY STIMULATION; TASK PERFORMANCE; WORKING MEMORY;

EID: 84905594077     PISSN: None     EISSN: 16625161     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00593     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Albert, N. B., Robertson, E. M., Mehta, P., and Miall, R. C. (2009). Resting state networks and memory consolidation. Commun. Integr. Biol. 2, 530-532. doi: 10.4161/cib.2.6.9612
2. Altamura, M., Goldberg, T. E., Elvevåg, B., Holroyd, T., Carver, F. W., Weinberger, D. R., et al. (2010). Prefrontal cortex modulation during anticipation of working memory demands as revealed by magnetoencephalography. Int. J. Biomed. Imaging 2010:840416. doi: 10.1155/2010/840416
3. Anderson, T. W., and Darling, D. A. (1952). Asymptotic theory of certain"goodness of fit" criteria based on stochastic processes. Ann. Math. Stat. 23, 193-212. doi: 10.1214/aoms/1177729437
4. Baddeley, A. (2010). Working memory. Curr. Biol. 20, 136-140. doi: 10.1016/j.cub. 2009.12.014
5. Baddeley, A. D., and Hitch, G. J. (1974). "Working memory," in Recent Advances in Learning and Motivation, Vol. 8. ed G. A. Bower (New York, NY: AcademicPress), 47-90.
6. Beckmann, C. F., and Smith, S. M. (2004). Probabilistic independent component analysis for functional magnetic resonance imaging. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 23, 137-152. doi: 10.1109/TMI.2003.822821
7. Botvinick, M. M., Braver, T. S., Barch, D. M., Carter, C. S., and Cohen, J. D. (2001). Conflict monitoring and cognitive control. Psychol. Rev. 108, 624-652. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.108.3.624
8. Botvinick, M. M., Cohen, J. D., and Carter, C. S. (2004). Conflict monitoring and anterior cingulate cortex: an update. Trends Cogn. Sci. 8, 539-546. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2004.10.003
9. Boukrina, O., and Graves, W. W. (2013). Neural networks underlying contributions from semantics in reading aloud. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 7:518. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00518
10. Boukrina, O., Hanson, S. J., and Hanson, C. (2014). Modeling activation and effective connectivity of VWFA in same script bilinguals. Hum. Brain Mapp. 35, 2543-2560. doi: 10.1002/hbm.22348
11. Brass, M., and von Cramon, D. Y. (2004). Decomposing components of task preparation with functional magnetic resonance imaging. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 16, 609-620. doi: 10.1162/089892904323057335
12. Braver, T. S., Cohen, J. D., Nystrom, L. E., Jonides, J., Smith, E. E., and Noll, D. C. (1997). A parametric study of frontal cortex involvement in human working memory. Neuroimage 5, 49-62. doi: 10.1006/nimg.1996.0247
13. Buckner, R. L., Andrews-Hanna, J. R., and Schacter, D. L. (2008). The brain's default network: anatomy, function, and relevance to disease. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1124, 1-38. doi: 10.1196/annals.1440.011
14. Corbetta, M. (1998). Frontoparietal cortical networks for directing attention and the eye to visual locations: identical, independent, or overlapping neural systems? Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95, 831-838.
15. Costa, A., Oliveri, M., Barban, F., Bonnì, S., Koch, G., Caltagirone, C., et al. (2013). The right frontopolar cortex is involved in visual-spatial prospective memory. PLoS ONE 8:e56039. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056039
16. Cowan, N. (2001). The magical number 4 in short-term memory: a reconsideration of mental storage capacity. Behav. Brain. Sci. 24, 87-114. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X01003922
17. Curtis, C. E., and D'esposito, M. (2003). Persistent activity in the prefrontal cortex during working memory. Trends Cogn. Sci. 7, 415-423. doi: 10.1016/S1364-6613(03)00197-9
18. Dima, D., Jogia, J., and Frangou, S. (2014). Dynamic causal modeling of loaddependent modulation of effective connectivity within the verbal working memory network. Hum. Brain Mapp. 35, 3025-3035. doi: 10.1002/hbm.22382
19. du Boisgueheneuc, F., Levy, R., Volle, E., Seassau, M., Duffau, H., Kinkingnehun, S., et al. (2006). Functions of the left superior frontal gyrus in humans: a lesion study. Brain 129, 3315-3328. doi: 10.1093/brain/awl244
20. Esposito, F., Bertolino, A., Scarabino, T., Latorre, V., Blasi, G., Popolizio, T., et al. (2006). Independent component model of the default-mode brain function: assessing the impact of active thinking. Brain Res. Bull. 70, 263-269. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2006.06.012
21. Greicius, M. D., Krasnow, B., Reiss, A. L., and Menon, V. (2003). Functional connectivity in the resting brain: a network analysis of the default mode hypothesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100, 253-258. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0135 058100
22. Hanson, C., Hanson, S. J., Ramsey, J., and Glymour, C. (2013). Atypical effective connectivity of social brain networks in individuals with autism. Brain Connect. 3, 578-589. doi: 10.1089/brain.2013.0161
23. Hanson, S. J., Hanson, C., Halchenko, Y., Matsuka, T., and Zaimi, A. (2007). Bottom-up and top-down brain functional connectivity underlying comprehension of everyday visual action. Brain Struct Funct. 212, 231-244. doi: 10.1007/s00429-007-0160-2
24. Hasson, U., Nusbaum, H. C., and Small, S. L. (2009). Task-dependent organization of brain regions active during rest. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106, 10841-10846. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0903253106
25. Honey, G. D., Fu, C. H. Y., Kim, J., Brammer, M. J., Croudace, T. J., Suckling, J., et al. (2002). Effects of verbal working memory load on corticocortical connectivity modeled by path analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging data. Neuroimage 17, 573-582. doi: 10.1006/nimg.2002.1193
26. Jenkinson, M. (2003). A fast, automated, n-dimensional phase unwrapping algorithm. Magn. Reson. Med. 49, 193-197. doi: 10.1002/mrm.10354
27. Jenkinson, M., Bannister, P., Brady, M., and Smith, S. (2002). Improved optimisation for the robust and accurate linear registration and motion correction of brain images. Neuroimage 17, 825-841. doi: 10.1006/nimg.2002.1132
28. Jenkinson, M., and Smith, S. (2001). A global optimisation method for robust affine registration of brain images. Med. Image Anal. 5, 143-156. doi: 10.1016/S1361-8415(01)00036-6
29. Kelly, R. E. Jr., Alexopoulos, G. S., Wang, Z., Gunning, F. M., Murphy, C. F., Morimoto, S. S., et al. (2010). Visual inspection of independent components: defining a procedure for artifact removal from fMRI data. J. Neurosci. Methods 189, 233-245. doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.03.028
30. Kim, J. S., Jung, W. H., Kang, D.-H., Park, J.-Y., Jang, J. H., Choi, J.-S., et al. (2012). Changes in effective connectivity according to working memory load: an FMRI study of face and location working memory tasks. Psychiatry Invest. 9, 283-292. doi: 10.4306/pi.2012.9.3.283
31. Ma, L., Steinberg, J. L., Hasan, K. M., Narayana, P. A., Kramer, L. A., and Moeller, F. G. (2012). Working memory load modulation of parieto-frontal connections: evidence from dynamic causal modeling. Hum. Brain Mapp. 33, 1850-1867. doi: 10.1002/hbm.21329
32. Manelis, A., and Reder, L. M. (2013). He Who is well prepared has half won the battle: an fMRI Study of task preparation. Cereb. Cortex. doi: 10.1093/cercor/ bht262. [Epub ahead of print].
33. Mayer, J. S., Roebroeck, A., Maurer, K., and Linden, D. E. J. (2010). Specialization in the default mode: task-induced brain deactivations dissociate between visual working memory and attention. Hum. Brain Mapp. 31, 126-139. doi: 10.1002/hbm.20850
34. McKiernan, K. A., D'Angelo, B. R., Kaufman, J. N., and Binder, J. R. (2006). Interrupting the "stream of consciousness:" an fMRI investigation. Neuroimage 29, 1185-1191. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.09.030
35. McKiernan, K. A., Kaufman, J. N., Kucera-Thompson, J., and Binder, J. R. (2003). A parametric manipulation of factors affecting task-induced deactivation in functional neuroimaging. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 15, 394-408. doi: 10.1162/089892903321593117
36. Mishkin, M., and Manning, F. J. (1978). Non-spatial memory after selective prefrontal lesions in monkeys. Brain Res. 143, 313-323.
37. Müller, N. G., and Knight, R. T. (2006). The functional neuroanatomy of working memory: contributions of human brain lesion studies. Neuroscience 139, 51-58. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.09.018
38. Mumford, J. A., and Ramsey, J. D. (2014). Bayesian networks for fMRI: a primer. Neuroimage 86, 573-582. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.10.020
39. Neufang, S., Akhrif, A., Riedl, V., Förstl, H., Kurz, A., Zimmer, C., et al. (2011). Disconnection of frontal and parietal areas contributes to impaired attention in very early Alzheimer's disease. J. Alzheimers Dis. 25, 309-321. doi: 10.3233/JAD-2011-102154
40. Nystrom, L. E., Braver, T. S., Sabb, F. W., Delgado, M. R., Noll, D. C., and Cohen, J. D. (2000). Working memory for letters, shapes, and locations: fMRI evidence against stimulus-based regional organization in human prefrontal cortex. Neuroimage 11, 424-446. doi: 10.1006/nimg.2000.0572
41. Owen, A. M., McMillan, K. M., Laird, A. R., and Bullmore, E. (2005). N-back working memory paradigm: a meta-analysis of normative functional neuroimaging studies. Hum. Brain Mapp. 25, 46-59. doi: 10.1002/hbm.20131
42. Petrides, M., and Milner, B. (1982). Deficits on subject-ordered tasks after frontaland temporal-lobe lesions in man. Neuropsychologia 20, 249-262.
43. Raichle, M. E., MacLeod, A. M., Snyder, A. Z., Powers, W. J., Gusnard, D. A., and Shulman, G. L. (2001). A default mode of brain function. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98, 676-682. doi: 10.1073/pnas.98.2.676
44. Raichle, M. E., and Snyder, A. Z. (2007). A default mode of brain function: a brief history of an evolving idea. Neuroimage 37, 1083-1090. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.02.041
45. Ramsey, J. D., Hanson, S. J., Hanson, C., Halchenko, Y. O., Poldrack, R. A., and Glymour, C. (2010). Six problems for causal inference from fMRI. Neuroimage 49, 1545-1558. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.08.065
46. Ramsey, J. D., Hanson, S. J., and Glymour, C. (2011). Multi-subject search correctly identifies causal connections and most causal directions in the DCM models of the Smith et al. simulation study. Neuroimage 58, 838-848. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.06.068
47. Ramsey, J. D., Sanchez-Romero, R., and Glymour, C. (2014). Non-Gaussian methods and high-pass filters in the estimation of effective connections. Neuroimage 84, 986-1006. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.09.062
48. Rottschy, C., Langner, R., Dogan, I., Reetz, K., Laird, A. R., Schulz, J. B., et al. (2012). Modelling neural correlates of working memory: a coordinatebased meta-analysis. Neuroimage 60, 830-846. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011. 11.050
49. Sambataro, F., Murty, V. P., Callicott, J. H., Tan, H.-Y., Das, S., Weinberger, D. R., et al. (2010). Age-related alterations in default mode network: impact on working memory performance. Neurobiol. Aging 31, 839-852. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2008.05.022
50. Smith, S. (2002). Fast robust automated brain extraction. Hum. Brain Mapp. 17, 143-155. doi: 10.1002/hbm.10062
51. Smith, S. M., Miller, K. L., SalimiKhorshidi, G., Webster, M., Beckmann, C., Nichols, T., et al. (2011). Network modeling methods for fMRI. Neuroimage 54, 875-891. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010. 08.063
52. Sohn, M.-H., Albert, M. V., Jung, K., Carter, C. S., and Anderson, J. R. (2007). Anticipation of conflict monitoring in the anterior cingulate cortex and the prefrontal cortex. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104, 10330-10334. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0703225104
53. Tambini, A., Ketz, N., and Davachi, L. (2010). Enhanced brain correlations during rest are related to memory for recent experiences. Neuron 65, 280-290. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.01.001
54. Tohka, J., Foerde, K., Aron, A. R., Tom, S. M., Toga, A. W., and Poldrack, R. A. (2008). Automatic independent component labeling for artifact removal in fMRI. Neuroimage 39, 1227-1245. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.10.013
55. Vapnik, V. (1995). The Nature of Statistical Learning Theory. New York, NY: Springer.
56. Vincent, J. L., Patel, G. H., Fox, M. D., Snyder, A. Z., Baker, J. T., Van Essen, D. C., et al. (2007). Intrinsic functional architecture in the anaesthetized monkey brain. Nature 447, 83-86. doi: 10.1038/nature05758
57. Volle, E., Gonen-Yaacovi, G., Costello, A. d. L., Gilbert, S. J., and Burgess, P. W. (2011). The role of rostral prefrontal cortex in prospective memory: a voxel-based lesion study. Neuropsychologia 49, 2185-2198. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro psychologia.2011.02.045
58. Wang, L., Liu, X., Guise, K. G., Knight, R. T., Ghajar, J., and Fan, J. (2010). Effective connectivity of the fronto-parietal network during attentional control. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 22, 543-553. doi: 10.1162/jocn.2009.21210
59. Wendelken, C., Bunge, S. A., and Carter, C. S. (2008). Maintaining structured information: an investigation into functions of parietal and lateral prefrontal cortices. Neuropsychologia 46, 665-678. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007. 09.015
60. Yakushev, I., Chételat, G., Fischer, F. U., Landeau, B., Bastin, C., Scheurich, A., et al. (2013). Metabolic and structural connectivity within the default mode network relates to working memory performance in young healthy adults. Neuroimage 79, 184-190. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.04.069
61. Yehene, E., Meiran, N., and Soroker, N. (2008). Basal ganglia play a unique role in task switching within the frontal-subcortical circuits: evidence from patients with focal lesions. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 20, 1079-1093. doi: 10.1162/jocn.2008.20077