Values and Decisions: Cognitive and Noncognitive Values in Knowledge Generation and Decision Making

Science Technology and Human Values

Volumn 39, Issue 5, 2014, Pages 720-743

  Todt, Oliver ^a   Luján, José Luis ^a  

^a UNIVERSITAT DE LES ILLES BALEARS   (Spain)

Author keywords

cognitive values; decision making; noncognitive values; regulatory science; risk assessment

Indexed keywords

EID: 84905171251     PISSN: 01622439     EISSN: 15528251     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0162243914521019     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Ashford N."Incorporating Science, Technology, Fairness, and Accountability in Environmental, Health, and Safety Decisions.".Human and Ecological Risk Assessment. 2005;11 (1): 85-96.
2. Ashford N.Implementing the Precautionary Principle. Approaches from the Nordic Countries, EU and USA. Sadeleer N., ed. London, UK: Earthscan; 2007:352-78.
3. Cranor C.Regulating Toxic Substances. New York: Island Press; 1993:.
4. Cranor C."The Social Benefits of Expedited Risk Assessment.".Risk Analysis. 1995;15 (4): 353-8.
5. Cranor C."The Normative Nature of Risk Assessment: Features and Possibilities.".Risk: Health, Safety and Environment. 1997;8 (Spring): 123-36.
6. Cranor C.Protecting Public Health and the Environment: Implementing the Precautionary Principle. Raffensperger C.Tickner J., ed. Washington, DC: Island Press; 1999:74-99.
7. Cranor C.Toxic Torts. Science, Law and the Possibility of Justice. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press; 2006:.
8. Cranor C."Information Generation and Use under Proposition 65.".Indiana Law Journal. 2008;83 (2): 609-27.
9. Cranor CLegally Poisoned: How the Law Puts Us at Risk from Toxicants. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 2011:.
10. Dorato M.Science, Values and Objectivity. Machamer P.Wolters G., ed. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press; 2004:52-77.
11. Douglas H."Inductive Risk and Values in Science.".Philosophy of Science. 2000;67 (4): 559-79.
12. Douglas H.Science, Values and Objectivity. Machamer P.Wolters G., ed. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press; 2004:220-44.
13. Douglas H.2006:2-14.
14. Douglas H.Value-Free Science?. Kincaid H.Dupré J.Wylie A., ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2007:120-40.
15. Douglas H.Science, Policy, and the Value-free Ideal. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press; 2009:.
16. Douglas M.,Wildavsky A.Risk and Culture: An Essay on the Selection of Technical and Environmental Dangers. Berkeley: University of California Press; 1982:.
17. Dupré J.Value-Free Science?. Kincaid H.Dupré J.Wylie A., ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2007:27-40.
18. Elliott K.Is a Little Pollution Good for You? Incorporating Societal Values in Environmental Research. New York: Oxford University Press; 2011a:.
19. Elliott K."Direct and Indirect Roles for Values in Science.".Philosophy of Science. 2011b;78 (2): 303-24.
20. Elliot K.,McKaughan D."How Values in Scientific Discovery and Pursuit Alter Theory Appraisal.".Philosophy of Science. 2009;76 (5): 598-611.
21. Communication from the Commission on the Precautionary Principle, COM 1 (2000). Brussels, Belgium: European Commission; 2000:.
22. Giere R.Acceptable Evidence: Science and Values in Risk Management. Mayo D. G.Hollander R. D., ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1991:183-203.
23. Haack S."Proving Causation: The Holism of Warrant and the Atomism of Daubert.".Journal of Health & Biomedical Law. 2008;4 (2): 253-89.
24. Heimann C. F. L.Acceptable Risks. Politics, Policy, and Risky Technologies. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press; 1997:.
25. Kincaid H.,Dupré J.,Wylie A.Value-free Science?. New York: Oxford University Press; 2007:.
26. Koch L.,Ashford N."Rethinking the Role of Information in Chemicals Policy: Implications for TSCA and REACH.".Journal of Cleaner Production. 2006;14 (1): 31-46.
27. Kuhn T. S.The Essential Tension. Kuhn Thomas, ed. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press; 1977:320-39.
28. Lacey H.Values and Objectivity in Science. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books; 2005:.
29. Laudan L.Science and Values. Berkeley: University of California Press; 1984:.
30. Laudan L.Science, Values and Objectivity. Machamer P.Wolters G., ed. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press; 2004:14-23.
31. Laudan L.Truth, Error, and Criminal Law: An Essay in Legal Epistemology. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press; 2008:.
32. Longino H.Science as Social Knowledge: Values and Objectivity in Scientific Inquiry. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 1990:.
33. Longino H.The Fate of Knowledge. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 2002:.
34. Luján J. L.Science, Technology and Society: A Philosophical Perspective. González W., ed. La Coruña, Spain: Netbiblo; 2005:83-105.
35. Luján J. L.,Briggle A.Encyclopedia on Science, Technology and Ethics. Mitcham C., ed. New York: Mcmillan; 2005:670-6.
36. Luján J. L.,Todt O."Precaution in Public: The Social Perception of the Role of Science and Values in Policy Making.".Public Understanding of Science. 2007;16 (1): 97-109.
37. Luján J. L.,Todt O."Precaution-A Taxonomy.".Social Studies of Science. 2012;42 (1): 143-57.
38. Lujan J. L.,Todt O."The Role of Values in Methodological Controversies: The Case of Risk Assessment.".Philosophia Scientiae. in press;19 (1).
39. Machamer P.,Wolters G.Science, Values and Objectivity. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press; 2004:.
40. Mayo D. G.Acceptable Evidence: Science and Values in Risk Management. Mayo D. G.Hollander R. D., ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1991:249-79.
41. Mayo D. G.,Hollander R. D.Acceptable Evidence: Science and Values in Risk Management. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press; 1991:.
42. Mayo D. G.,Spanos A."Philosophical Scrutiny of Evidence of Risks: From Bioethics to Bioevidence.".Philosophy of Science. 2006;73 (5): 803-16.
43. Mayo D. G.,Spanos A.Error and Inference: Recent Exchanges on Experimental Reasoning, Reliability, and the Objectivity and Rationality of Science. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press; 2009:.
44. McMullin E.Proceedings of the 1982 PSA. Asquith P.Nickles T., ed. East Lansing, MI: PSA; 1983:3-28.
45. Michaels D.Doubt Is Our Product. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press; 2008:.
46. Michaels D.,Monforton C."Manufacturing Uncertainty.".American Journal of Public Health. 2005;95 (supplement 1): 39-49.
47. Mitchell S.Science, Values and Objectivity. Machamer P.Wolters G., ed. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press; 2004:245-55.
48. Murphy J.,Levidow L.,Carr S."Regulatory Standard for Environmental Risks.".Social Studies of Science. 2006;36 (1): 133-60.
49. Risk Assessment in the Federal Government: Managing the Process. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1983:.
50. Proctor R. N.Value-free Science? Purity and Power in Modern Knowledge. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 1991:.
51. Ravetz J."The Science of 'What-If '.".Futures. 1997;29 (6): 533-39.
52. Rudén C.,Hansson S."Registration, Evaluation, and Authorization of Chemicals (REACH) Is but a First Step-How Far Will It Take Us?".Environmental Health Perspectives. 2010;118 (1): 6-10.
53. Shrader-Frechette K.Science, Technology, and Social Progress. Goldman S., ed. London, UK: Associated University Presses; 1989:196-226.
54. Shrader-Frechette K.Ethics of Scientific Research. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield; 1994:.
55. Shrader-Frechette K."Hydrogeology and Framing Questions Having Policy Consequences.".Philosophy of Science. 1997;64 (4): S149-60.
56. Shrader-Frechette K."Radiobiological Hormesis, Methodological Value Judgments, and Metascience.".Perspectives on Science. 2001;8 (4): 367-79.
57. Shrader-Frechette K."Using Metascience to Improve Dose-response Curves in Biology: Better Policy through Better Science.".Philosophy of Science. 2004;71 (5): 1026-37.
58. Shrader-Frechette K."Conceptual Analysis and Special-interest Science: Toxicology and the Case of Edward Calabrese.".Synthese. 2010;177 (3): 449-69.
59. Shrader-Frechette K.What Will Work. Fighting Climate Change with Renewable Energy, Not Nuclear Power. New York: Oxford University Press; 2011:.
60. Solomon M.Social Empiricism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press; 2001:.
61. Steel D."Epistemic Values and the Argument from Inductive Risk.".Philosophy of Science. 2010;77 (1): 14-34.
62. Stirling A."Risk, Precaution and Science: Towards a More Constructive Policy Debate.".EMBO reports. 2007;8 (4): 309-15.
63. Todt O."The Limits of Policy: Public Acceptance and the Reform of Science and Technology Governance.".Technological Forecasting & Social Change. 2011;78 (6): 902-9.
64. Todt O.,Gutiérrez-Gracia A.,Fernández de Lucio I.,Castro-Martínez E."The Regional Dimension of Innovation and the Globalization of Science.".R & D Management. 2007;37 (1): 65-74.
65. Todt O.,Luján J. L."A New Social Contract for Technology?-On the Policy Dynamics of Uncertainty.".Journal of Risk Research. 2008;11 (4): 509-23.
66. Todt O.,Muñoz E.,González M.,Ponce G.,Estévez B."Consumer Attitudes and the Governance of Food Safety.".Public Understanding of Science. 2009;18 (1): 103-14.
67. Todt O.,Rodríguez Alcázar J.,Luján J. L."Practical Values and Uncertainty in Regulatory Decision-making.".Social Epistemology. 2010;24 (4): 349-62.
68. Wandall B."Values in Science and Risk Assessment.".Toxicology Letters. 2004;152 (3): 265-72.
69. Wandall B.,Hansson S.,Rudén C."Bias in Toxicology.".Archives of Toxicology. 2007;81 (9): 605-17.
70. Weed D."Weight of Evidence.".Risk Analysis. 2005;25 (6): 1545-57.
71. Wilholt T."Bias and Values in Scientific Research.".Studies in History and Philosophy of Science. 2009;40 (1): 92-101.
72. Worrall J."The Value of a Fixed Methodology.".British Journal for the Philosophy of Science. 1988;39 (2): 263-75.
73. Wynne B."Uncertainty and Environmental Learning: Reconceiving Science and Policy in the Preventive Paradigm.".Global Environmental Change. 1992a;2 (2): 111-27.
74. Wynne B.Social Theories of Risk. Krimsky S.Golding D., ed. Westport: Praeger; 1992b:279-97.