메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 223-243

Well-matched employees make customers happy: Effects of brand-employee congruence

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84904784862     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9781410617392     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (1)

References (94)
  • 2
    • 0031478211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dimensions of brand personality
    • Aaker, J. L. (1997). Dimensions of brand personality. Journal of Marketing Research, 34, 347-356.
    • (1997) Journal of Marketing Research , vol.34 , pp. 347-356
    • Aaker, J.L.1
  • 3
    • 85047681602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consumption symbols as carriers of culture: A study of Japanese and Spanish brand personality constructs
    • Aaker, J. L., Benet-Martinez, V., & Garolera, J. (2001), Consumption symbols as carriers of culture: A study of Japanese and Spanish brand personality constructs. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 81, 492-508.
    • (2001) Journal of Personality & Social Psychology , vol.81 , pp. 492-508
    • Aaker, J.L.1    Benet-Martinez, V.2    Garolera, J.3
  • 4
    • 84986165563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotional dissonance in organizations: Conceptualizing the roles of self-esteem and job-induced tension
    • Abraham, R. (1999). Emotional dissonance in organizations: Conceptualizing the roles of self-esteem and job-induced tension. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 20, 18-31.
    • (1999) Leadership & Organization Development Journal , vol.20 , pp. 18-31
    • Abraham, R.1
  • 8
    • 0029764336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Employee and patient designed study of burnout and job satisfaction in a chronic care hospital
    • Belicki, K., & Woolcott, R. (1996). Employee and patient designed study of burnout and job satisfaction in a chronic care hospital. Employee Assistance Quarterly, 12, 37-45.
    • (1996) Employee Assistance Quarterly , vol.12 , pp. 37-45
    • Belicki, K.1    Woolcott, R.2
  • 9
    • 3042649682 scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of a forced choice scale to measure job-related discomfort among customer service representatives
    • Bernardin, H. J. (1987). Development and validation of a forced choice scale to measure job-related discomfort among customer service representatives. Academy of Management Journal, 30, 162-173.
    • (1987) Academy of Management Journal , vol.30 , pp. 162-173
    • Bernardin, H.J.1
  • 10
    • 0002183869 scopus 로고
    • The employee as customer
    • Berry, L. (1981). The employee as customer. Journal of Retail Banking, 3, 33-40.
    • (1981) Journal of Retail Banking , vol.3 , pp. 33-40
    • Berry, L.1
  • 12
    • 13844274916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burnout and job satisfaction among student support services personnel
    • Brewer, E.W., & Clippard, L. F. (2002). Burnout and job satisfaction among student support services personnel. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 13, 169-186.
    • (2002) Human Resource Development Quarterly , vol.13 , pp. 169-186
    • Brewer, E.W.1    Clippard, L.F.2
  • 13
    • 0036003883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The customer orientation of service workers: Personality trait effects on self-and supervisor performance ratings
    • Brown, T. J., Mowen, J. C., Donavan, D. T., & Licata, J.W. (2002). The customer orientation of service workers: Personality trait effects on self-and supervisor performance ratings. Journal of Marketing Research, 34, 110-119.
    • (2002) Journal of Marketing Research , vol.34 , pp. 110-119
    • Brown, T.J.1    Mowen, J.C.2    Donavan, D.T.3    Licata, J.W.4
  • 14
    • 0001659076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress, burnout, and health
    • In C. L. Cooper (Ed.), Boca Raton: CRC Press
    • Burke, R. J., & Richardsen, A.M. (1996). Stress, burnout, and health. In C. L. Cooper (Ed.), Stress, medicine, and health (pp. 101-117). Boca Raton: CRC Press.
    • (1996) Stress, medicine, and health , pp. 101-117
    • Burke, R.J.1    Richardsen, A.M.2
  • 17
  • 21
    • 21344490503 scopus 로고
    • A review of an integration of research on job burnout
    • Cordes, C. L., & Doughterty, T. W. (1993). A review of an integration of research on job burnout. Academy of Management Review, 18, 621-656.
    • (1993) Academy of Management Review , vol.18 , pp. 621-656
    • Cordes, C.L.1    Doughterty, T.W.2
  • 23
    • 11944254274 scopus 로고
    • Personality structure: Emergence of the five-factor model
    • Digman, J. M. (1990). Personality structure: Emergence of the five-factor model. Annual Review of Psychology, 41, 417-440.
    • (1990) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.41 , pp. 417-440
    • Digman, J.M.1
  • 25
    • 84904775843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How psychology can help create a brand culture
    • June
    • Ellwood, I. (2001). How psychology can help create a brand culture. Marketing, June, 24.
    • (2001) Marketing , pp. 24
    • Ellwood, I.1
  • 27
    • 0032345126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-esteem and self-efficacy within the organizational context
    • Gardner, D. G., & Pierce, J. L. (1998). Self-esteem and self-efficacy within the organizational context. Group & Organization Management, 23(1), 48-70.
    • (1998) Group & Organization Management , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 48-70
    • Gardner, D.G.1    Pierce, J.L.2
  • 29
    • 0032330989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aconceptual framework for assessing brand equity in Division 1 college athletics
    • Gladden, J. M., Milne, G. R., & Sutton, W. A. (1998).Aconceptual framework for assessing brand equity in Division 1 college athletics. Journal of Sport Management, 12, 1-9.
    • (1998) Journal of Sport Management , vol.12 , pp. 1-9
    • Gladden, J.M.1    Milne, G.R.2    Sutton, W.A.3
  • 31
    • 0000689161 scopus 로고
    • Why attitudes are important: Defining attitude and attitude theory twenty years later
    • In A. R. Pratkanis, S. J. Breckler, & A. G. Greenwald (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
    • Greenwald, A. G. (1989). Why attitudes are important: Defining attitude and attitude theory twenty years later. In A. R. Pratkanis, S. J. Breckler, & A. G. Greenwald (Eds.), Attitude structure and function (pp. 429-440). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
    • (1989) Attitude structure and function , pp. 429-440
    • Greenwald, A.G.1
  • 36
    • 84904774926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The brand insiders
    • May
    • Hiscock, J. (2002). The brand insiders. Marketing (May), 23-24.
    • (2002) Marketing , pp. 23-24
    • Hiscock, J.1
  • 37
    • 33744549342 scopus 로고
    • Service provider job satisfaction and customer- oriented performance
    • Hoffman, K. D., & Ingram, T. N. (1992). Service provider job satisfaction and customer- oriented performance. The Journal of Service Marketing, 6, 68-83.
    • (1992) The Journal of Service Marketing , vol.6 , pp. 68-83
    • Hoffman, K.D.1    Ingram, T.N.2
  • 38
    • 21844488313 scopus 로고
    • Howconsumers consume:Atypology of consumption practices
    • Holt, D. B. (1995). Howconsumers consume:Atypology of consumption practices. Journal of Consumer Research, 22, 1-16.
    • (1995) Journal of Consumer Research , vol.22 , pp. 1-16
    • Holt, D.B.1
  • 39
    • 0001771029 scopus 로고
    • Quality control in a service business
    • Hostage, G. M. (1975). Quality control in a service business. Harvard Business Review, 53, 98-106.
    • (1975) Harvard Business Review , vol.53 , pp. 98-106
    • Hostage, G.M.1
  • 40
    • 38249037216 scopus 로고
    • Self-esteem, role stress, and job satisfaction among marketing managers
    • Howell, R. D., Bellenger, D. N., & Wilcox, J. B. (1987). Self-esteem, role stress, and job satisfaction among marketing managers. Journal of Business Research, 15, 71-85.
    • (1987) Journal of Business Research , vol.15 , pp. 71-85
    • Howell, R.D.1    Bellenger, D.N.2    Wilcox, J.B.3
  • 41
    • 0032378801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Customer service behavior in retail settings: A study of the effect of service provider personality
    • Hurley, R. F. (1998). Customer service behavior in retail settings: A study of the effect of service provider personality. Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, 26, 115-127.
    • (1998) Journal of Academy of Marketing Science , vol.26 , pp. 115-127
    • Hurley, R.F.1
  • 44
    • 0000241323 scopus 로고
    • Personality and consumer behavior: A review
    • Kassarjian, H. H. (1971). Personality and consumer behavior: A review. Journal of Marketing Research, 8, 409-418.
    • (1971) Journal of Marketing Research , vol.8 , pp. 409-418
    • Kassarjian, H.H.1
  • 45
    • 21144478550 scopus 로고
    • Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity
    • Keller, K. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing, 57, 1-22.
    • (1993) Journal of Marketing , vol.57 , pp. 1-22
    • Keller, K.L.1
  • 46
    • 0010198007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Building customer-based brand equity
    • July/August
    • Keller, K. L. (2001). Building customer-based brand equity. Marketing Management, July/August, 15-19.
    • (2001) Marketing Management , pp. 15-19
    • Keller, K.L.1
  • 47
    • 0010198882 scopus 로고
    • Conflict, clarity, tension and satisfaction in chain store manager roles
    • Kelly, J. P., Gable, M., & Hise, R.T. (1981). Conflict, clarity, tension and satisfaction in chain store manager roles. Journal of Retailing, 57, 27-42.
    • (1981) Journal of Retailing , vol.57 , pp. 27-42
    • Kelly, J.P.1    Gable, M.2    Hise, R.T.3
  • 48
    • 0000957697 scopus 로고
    • Customer participation in service production and delivery
    • Kelly, S.W., Donnelly, J. H., & Skinner, S. J. (1990). Customer participation in service production and delivery. Journal of Retailing, 66, 315-335.
    • (1990) Journal of Retailing , vol.66 , pp. 315-335
    • Kelly, S.W.1    Donnelly, J.H.2    Skinner, S.J.3
  • 49
    • 0028390769 scopus 로고
    • Measuring the Monday blues: Validation of a job satisfaction scale for human services
    • Koeske, G. F., Kirk, S. A., Koeske, R. D., & Rauktis, M. B. (1994). Measuring the Monday blues: Validation of a job satisfaction scale for human services. Social Work Research, 18, 27-35.
    • (1994) Social Work Research , vol.18 , pp. 27-35
    • Koeske, G.F.1    Kirk, S.A.2    Koeske, R.D.3    Rauktis, M.B.4
  • 50
    • 0001805831 scopus 로고
    • Hypothesis of work behavior revisited and an extension
    • Korman, A. K. (1976). Hypothesis of work behavior revisited and an extension. Academy of Management Review, 1, 50-63.
    • (1976) Academy of Management Review , vol.1 , pp. 50-63
    • Korman, A.K.1
  • 52
    • 0031093558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing your risk of burnout
    • Layman, E., & Guyden, J. A. (1997). Reducing your risk of burnout. Health Care Supervisor, 15(3), 57-69.
    • (1997) Health Care Supervisor , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 57-69
    • Layman, E.1    Guyden, J.A.2
  • 53
    • 0025582579 scopus 로고
    • On the meaning of Maslach's three dimensions of burnout
    • Lee, R. T., & Ashforth, B. E. (1990). On the meaning of Maslach's three dimensions of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75, 743-747.
    • (1990) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.75 , pp. 743-747
    • Lee, R.T.1    Ashforth, B.E.2
  • 54
    • 85012483482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of burnout
    • Lee, R. T., & Ashforth, B. E. (1996). A meta-analysis examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 123-133.
    • (1996) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.81 , pp. 123-133
    • Lee, R.T.1    Ashforth, B.E.2
  • 55
    • 84986637287 scopus 로고
    • The impact of interpersonal environment on burnout and organization commitment
    • Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (1988). The impact of interpersonal environment on burnout and organization commitment. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 9, 297-308.
    • (1988) Journal of Organizational Behavior , vol.9 , pp. 297-308
    • Leiter, M.P.1    Maslach, C.2
  • 57
    • 0038586832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consumption values and relationships: Segmenting the market for frequency programs
    • Long, M. M., & Schiffman, L. G. (2000). Consumption values and relationships: Segmenting the market for frequency programs. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 17, 214-232.
    • (2000) Journal of Consumer Marketing , vol.17 , pp. 214-232
    • Long, M.M.1    Schiffman, L.G.2
  • 58
    • 79959405440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Employee satisfaction, customer loyalty, and financial performance:an empirical examination of the service profit chain in retail banking
    • Loveman, G. W. (1998). Employee satisfaction, customer loyalty, and financial performance:an empirical examination of the service profit chain in retail banking. Journal of Service Research, 1, 18-31.
    • (1998) Journal of Service Research , vol.1 , pp. 18-31
    • Loveman, G.W.1
  • 60
    • 21844527065 scopus 로고
    • Organizational forms and managerial philosophies:Adescriptive and analytical review
    • Miles, R. E., & Creed, W. E. D. (1995). Organizational forms and managerial philosophies:Adescriptive and analytical review. Research in Organizational Behavior, 17, 333-372.
    • (1995) Research in Organizational Behavior , vol.17 , pp. 333-372
    • Miles, R.E.1    Creed, W.E.D.2
  • 61
  • 62
    • 0001383971 scopus 로고
    • Organization-based self-esteem: Construct definition, measurement, and validation
    • Pierce, J. L., Gardner, D. G., Cummings, L. L., & Dunham, R. B. (1989). Organization-based self-esteem: Construct definition, measurement, and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 32, 622-648.
    • (1989) Academy of Management Journal , vol.32 , pp. 622-648
    • Pierce, J.L.1    Gardner, D.G.2    Cummings, L.L.3    Dunham, R.B.4
  • 63
    • 21144478245 scopus 로고
    • Moderation by organization- based self-esteem of role condition-employee response relationships
    • Pierce, J. L., Gardner, D. G., Dunham, R. B., & Cummings, L. L. (1993). Moderation by organization- based self-esteem of role condition-employee response relationships. Academy of Management Journal, 36, 271-288.
    • (1993) Academy of Management Journal , vol.36 , pp. 271-288
    • Pierce, J.L.1    Gardner, D.G.2    Dunham, R.B.3    Cummings, L.L.4
  • 64
    • 0003155181 scopus 로고
    • Expression of emotion as part of the work role
    • Rafaeli, A., & Sutton, R. I. (1987). Expression of emotion as part of the work role. Academy of Management Review, 12, 23-37.
    • (1987) Academy of Management Review , vol.12 , pp. 23-37
    • Rafaeli, A.1    Sutton, R.I.2
  • 70
    • 0000932434 scopus 로고
    • The SOCO scale: Ameasure of the customer orientation of salespeople
    • Saxe, R., & Weitz, B. A. (1982). The SOCO scale: Ameasure of the customer orientation of salespeople. Journal of Marketing Research, 19, 343-351.
    • (1982) Journal of Marketing Research , vol.19 , pp. 343-351
    • Saxe, R.1    Weitz, B.A.2
  • 71
    • 84940284697 scopus 로고
    • Job satisfaction: Are the parts there?
    • Scarpello, V., & Campbell, J. P. (1983). Job satisfaction: Are the parts there? Personal Psychology, 36, 577-600.
    • (1983) Personal Psychology , vol.36 , pp. 577-600
    • Scarpello, V.1    Campbell, J.P.2
  • 72
    • 0003383201 scopus 로고
    • New services design, development and implication and the employee
    • In W. R. George & C. Marshall (Eds.), Chicago:American Marketing Association
    • Schneider, B., & Bowen, D. (1985). New services design, development and implication and the employee. In W. R. George & C. Marshall (Eds.), New services (pp. 82-101). Chicago:American Marketing Association.
    • (1985) New services , pp. 82-101
    • Schneider, B.1    Bowen, D.2
  • 74
    • 21144460639 scopus 로고
    • Apassion for service: Using content analysis to explicate service climate theme
    • Schneider, B., Wheeler, J.K., & Cox, J. (1992). Apassion for service: Using content analysis to explicate service climate theme. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 705-716.
    • (1992) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.77 , pp. 705-716
    • Schneider, B.1    Wheeler, J.K.2    Cox, J.3
  • 76
    • 8644239882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When do customer contact employees satisfy customers?
    • Sergeant, A., & Frenkel, S. (2000). When do customer contact employees satisfy customers? Journal of Service Research, 3, 18-34.
    • (2000) Journal of Service Research , vol.3 , pp. 18-34
    • Sergeant, A.1    Frenkel, S.2
  • 77
    • 0002746644 scopus 로고
    • Operationalizing functional theories of attitudes
    • In A. R. Pratkanis, S. J. Breckler, & A. G. Greenwald (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
    • Shavitt, S. (1989). Operationalizing functional theories of attitudes. In A. R. Pratkanis, S. J. Breckler, & A. G. Greenwald (Eds.), Attitude structure and function (pp. 311-338). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
    • (1989) Attitude structure and function , pp. 311-338
    • Shavitt, S.1
  • 78
    • 38249019834 scopus 로고
    • The role of attitude objects in attitude functions
    • Shavitt, S. (1990). The role of attitude objects in attitude functions. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 26, 124-148.
    • (1990) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.26 , pp. 124-148
    • Shavitt, S.1
  • 79
    • 0034368483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Applying the service profit chain in a retail environment challenging the "satisfaction mirror."
    • Silvestro, R., & Cross, S. (2000). Applying the service profit chain in a retail environment challenging the "satisfaction mirror." International Journal of Service Industry Management, 11, 244-268.
    • (2000) International Journal of Service Industry Management , vol.11 , pp. 244-268
    • Silvestro, R.1    Cross, S.2
  • 80
    • 21844504809 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral and psychological consequences of boundary spanning burnout for customer service representatives
    • Singh, J., Goolsby, J. R., & Rhodes, G. K. (1994). Behavioral and psychological consequences of boundary spanning burnout for customer service representatives. Journal of Marketing Research, 31, 558-569.
    • (1994) Journal of Marketing Research , vol.31 , pp. 558-569
    • Singh, J.1    Goolsby, J.R.2    Rhodes, G.K.3
  • 81
    • 0001561946 scopus 로고
    • Self-concept in consumer behavior: A critical review
    • Sirgy, M. J. (1982). Self-concept in consumer behavior: A critical review. Journal of Consumer Research, 9, 287-299.
    • (1982) Journal of Consumer Research , vol.9 , pp. 287-299
    • Sirgy, M.J.1
  • 83
    • 0001154580 scopus 로고
    • The role of products as social stimuli: A symbolic interactionism perspective
    • Solomon, M. R. (1983). The role of products as social stimuli: A symbolic interactionism perspective. Journal of Consumer Research, 10, 319-329.
    • (1983) Journal of Consumer Research , vol.10 , pp. 319-329
    • Solomon, M.R.1
  • 84
    • 0022351132 scopus 로고
    • Relationships between self-concept and achievement
    • Song, I-S., & Hattie, J. (1985). Relationships between self-concept and achievement. Journal of Research in Personality, 19, 365-372.
    • (1985) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.19 , pp. 365-372
    • Song, I.-S.1    Hattie, J.2
  • 85
    • 11044233823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The moderating effect of managerial sales orientations on salespersons' role stress-job satisfaction relationships
    • Sumrall, D. A., & Sebastianelli, R. (1999). The moderating effect of managerial sales orientations on salespersons' role stress-job satisfaction relationships. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 3, 72-79.
    • (1999) Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice , vol.3 , pp. 72-79
    • Sumrall, D.A.1    Sebastianelli, R.2
  • 86
    • 0002814246 scopus 로고
    • Social psychology of intergroup relations
    • Tajfel, H. (1982). Social psychology of intergroup relations. Annual Review of Psychology, 23, 1-39.
    • (1982) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.23 , pp. 1-39
    • Tajfel, H.1
  • 87
    • 0042082470 scopus 로고
    • "I can't, I can't": How self-concept shapes performance
    • April/May
    • Tracy, B. S. (1986). "I can't, I can't": How self-concept shapes performance. Management World, April/May, 1-2.
    • (1986) Management World , pp. 1-2
    • Tracy, B.S.1
  • 88
    • 0042814334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Building service brands via social identity:Lessons from the sports marketplace
    • Winter
    • Underwood, R., Bond, E., & Baer, R. (2001). Building service brands via social identity:Lessons from the sports marketplace. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice (Winter), 1-13.
    • (2001) Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice , pp. 1-13
    • Underwood, R.1    Bond, E.2    Baer, R.3
  • 89
    • 0002438690 scopus 로고
    • Organizational determinants of the industrial salesman's role conflict and ambiguity
    • Walker, O.C., Jr., Churchill, G. A., Jr., & Ford, N. M. (1975). Organizational determinants of the industrial salesman's role conflict and ambiguity. Journal of Marketing, 39, 32-39.
    • (1975) Journal of Marketing , vol.39 , pp. 32-39
    • Walker Jr., O.C.1    Churchill Jr., G.A.2    Ford, N.M.3
  • 90
    • 0031113028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overall job satisfaction: How good are single item measures?
    • Wanous, J. P., Reichers, A. E., & Hudy, M. J. (1997). Overall job satisfaction: How good are single item measures? Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 247-252.
    • (1997) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.82 , pp. 247-252
    • Wanous, J.P.1    Reichers, A.E.2    Hudy, M.J.3
  • 92
    • 0031202399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a respite from work on burnout: Vacation relief and fade-out
    • Westman, M., & Eden, D. (1997). Effects of a respite from work on burnout: Vacation relief and fade-out. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 516-527.
    • (1997) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.82 , pp. 516-527
    • Westman, M.1    Eden, D.2
  • 93
    • 0037998727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of loyalty programs on value perception, program loyalty, and brand loyalty
    • Yi, Y., & Jeon, H. (2003). Effects of loyalty programs on value perception, program loyalty, and brand loyalty. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 31, 229-240.
    • (2003) Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science , vol.31 , pp. 229-240
    • Yi, Y.1    Jeon, H.2
  • 94
    • 2442538190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What influences the relationship between customer satisfaction and repurchase intention? Investigating the effects of adjusted expectations and customer loyalty
    • Yi, Y., & La, S. (2004). What influences the relationship between customer satisfaction and repurchase intention? Investigating the effects of adjusted expectations and customer loyalty. Psychology & Marketing, 21, 351-373.
    • (2004) Psychology & Marketing , vol.21 , pp. 351-373
    • Yi, Y.1    La, S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.