메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 40, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 475-495

Pathogenesis and treatment of atherosclerosis in lupus

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular diseases; Cytokine; Proinflammatory lipids; Systemic lupus erythematosus

Indexed keywords

ADIPOCYTOKINE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ANTIMALARIAL AGENT; ARYLDIALKYLPHOSPHATASE; ATORVASTATIN; AZATHIOPRINE; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; FLUINDOSTATIN; GLUCOCORTICOID; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; HOMOCYSTEINE; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; PHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY; PLACEBO; PREDNISONE; SIMVASTATIN; THIAZIDE DIURETIC AGENT; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CYTOKINE;

EID: 84904405710     PISSN: 0889857X     EISSN: 15583163     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2014.04.003     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (30)

References (153)
  • 1
    • 0017295808 scopus 로고
    • The bimodal mortality pattern of systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Urowitz M.B., Bookman A.A., Koehler B.E., et al. The bimodal mortality pattern of systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Med 1976, 60(2):221-225.
    • (1976) Am J Med , vol.60 , Issue.2 , pp. 221-225
    • Urowitz, M.B.1    Bookman, A.A.2    Koehler, B.E.3
  • 2
    • 0029013185 scopus 로고
    • Mortality studies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Results from a single center. II. Predictor variables for mortality
    • Abu-Shakra M., Urowitz M.B., Gladman D.D., et al. Mortality studies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Results from a single center. II. Predictor variables for mortality. JRheumatol 1995, 22(7):1265-1270.
    • (1995) JRheumatol , vol.22 , Issue.7 , pp. 1265-1270
    • Abu-Shakra, M.1    Urowitz, M.B.2    Gladman, D.D.3
  • 3
    • 84881558070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among patients with SLE: a systematic review
    • Schoenfeld S.R., Kasturi S., Costenbader K.H. The epidemiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among patients with SLE: a systematic review. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2013, 43(1):77-95.
    • (2013) Semin Arthritis Rheum , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 77-95
    • Schoenfeld, S.R.1    Kasturi, S.2    Costenbader, K.H.3
  • 4
    • 0031052874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-specific incidence rates of myocardial infarction and angina in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: comparison with the Framingham Study
    • Manzi S., Meilahn E.N., Rairie J.E., et al. Age-specific incidence rates of myocardial infarction and angina in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: comparison with the Framingham Study. Am J Epidemiol 1997, 145(5):408-415.
    • (1997) Am J Epidemiol , vol.145 , Issue.5 , pp. 408-415
    • Manzi, S.1    Meilahn, E.N.2    Rairie, J.E.3
  • 5
    • 65649090611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poor outcomes after acute myocardial infarction in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Shah M.A., Shah A.M., Krishnan E. Poor outcomes after acute myocardial infarction in systemic lupus erythematosus. JRheumatol 2009, 36(3):570-575.
    • (2009) JRheumatol , vol.36 , Issue.3 , pp. 570-575
    • Shah, M.A.1    Shah, A.M.2    Krishnan, E.3
  • 6
    • 33746936116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Bernatsky S., Boivin J.F., Joseph L., et al. Mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2006, 54(8):2550-2557.
    • (2006) Arthritis Rheum , vol.54 , Issue.8 , pp. 2550-2557
    • Bernatsky, S.1    Boivin, J.F.2    Joseph, L.3
  • 7
    • 79951669207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The immune system in atherosclerosis
    • Hansson G.K., Hermansson A. The immune system in atherosclerosis. Nat Immunol 2011, 12(3):204-212.
    • (2011) Nat Immunol , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 204-212
    • Hansson, G.K.1    Hermansson, A.2
  • 8
    • 0034118121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The endothelium in atherogenesis
    • Hunt B.J. The endothelium in atherogenesis. Lupus 2000, 9(3):189-193.
    • (2000) Lupus , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 189-193
    • Hunt, B.J.1
  • 9
    • 79955535643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macrophages in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis
    • Moore K.J., Tabas I. Macrophages in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Cell 2011, 145(3):341-355.
    • (2011) Cell , vol.145 , Issue.3 , pp. 341-355
    • Moore, K.J.1    Tabas, I.2
  • 10
    • 79953192995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HDL and cardiovascular disease: atherogenic and atheroprotective mechanisms
    • Navab M., Reddy S.T., Van Lenten B.J., et al. HDL and cardiovascular disease: atherogenic and atheroprotective mechanisms. Nat Rev Cardiol 2011, 8(4):222-232.
    • (2011) Nat Rev Cardiol , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 222-232
    • Navab, M.1    Reddy, S.T.2    Van Lenten, B.J.3
  • 11
    • 0028859490 scopus 로고
    • Anti-inflammatory HDL becomes pro-inflammatory during the acute phase response. Loss of protective effect of HDL against LDL oxidation in aortic wall cell cocultures
    • Van Lenten B.J., Hama S.Y., de Beer F.C., et al. Anti-inflammatory HDL becomes pro-inflammatory during the acute phase response. Loss of protective effect of HDL against LDL oxidation in aortic wall cell cocultures. JClin Invest 1995, 96(6):2758-2767.
    • (1995) JClin Invest , vol.96 , Issue.6 , pp. 2758-2767
    • Van Lenten, B.J.1    Hama, S.Y.2    de Beer, F.C.3
  • 12
    • 33746977703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proinflammatory high-density lipoprotein as a biomarker for atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis
    • McMahon M., Grossman J., FitzGerald J., et al. Proinflammatory high-density lipoprotein as a biomarker for atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2006, 54(8):2541-2549.
    • (2006) Arthritis Rheum , vol.54 , Issue.8 , pp. 2541-2549
    • McMahon, M.1    Grossman, J.2    FitzGerald, J.3
  • 13
    • 0348182230 scopus 로고
    • Morbidity in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Gladman D.D., Urowitz M.B. Morbidity in systemic lupus erythematosus. JRheumatol 1987, 14(Suppl 13):223-226.
    • (1987) JRheumatol , vol.14 , Issue.SUPPL. 13 , pp. 223-226
    • Gladman, D.D.1    Urowitz, M.B.2
  • 14
    • 0034078514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Aranow C., Ginzler E.M. Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2000, 9(3):166-169.
    • (2000) Lupus , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 166-169
    • Aranow, C.1    Ginzler, E.M.2
  • 15
    • 0026459695 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for coronary artery disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Petri M., Perez-Gutthann S., Spence D., et al. Risk factors for coronary artery disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Med 1992, 93(5):513-519.
    • (1992) Am J Med , vol.93 , Issue.5 , pp. 513-519
    • Petri, M.1    Perez-Gutthann, S.2    Spence, D.3
  • 16
    • 10444248119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus in a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA). XXIII. Baseline predictors of vascular events
    • Toloza S.M., Uribe A.G., McGwin G., et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus in a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA). XXIII. Baseline predictors of vascular events. Arthritis Rheum 2004, 50(12):3947-3957.
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , Issue.12 , pp. 3947-3957
    • Toloza, S.M.1    Uribe, A.G.2    McGwin, G.3
  • 17
    • 34948827357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical manifestations and coronary artery disease risk factors at diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus: data from an international inception cohort
    • Urowitz M.B., Gladman D., Ibanez D., et al. Clinical manifestations and coronary artery disease risk factors at diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus: data from an international inception cohort. Lupus 2007, 16(9):731-735.
    • (2007) Lupus , vol.16 , Issue.9 , pp. 731-735
    • Urowitz, M.B.1    Gladman, D.2    Ibanez, D.3
  • 18
    • 0031758140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking interferes with efficacy of antimalarial therapy in cutaneous lupus
    • Rahman P., Gladman D.D., Urowitz M.B. Smoking interferes with efficacy of antimalarial therapy in cutaneous lupus. JRheumatol 1998, 25(9):1716-1719.
    • (1998) JRheumatol , vol.25 , Issue.9 , pp. 1716-1719
    • Rahman, P.1    Gladman, D.D.2    Urowitz, M.B.3
  • 19
    • 77649142208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The protective effect of antimalarial drugs on thrombovascular events in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Jung H., Bobba R., Su J., et al. The protective effect of antimalarial drugs on thrombovascular events in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2010, 62(3):863-868.
    • (2010) Arthritis Rheum , vol.62 , Issue.3 , pp. 863-868
    • Jung, H.1    Bobba, R.2    Su, J.3
  • 20
    • 0026503789 scopus 로고
    • Secondary dyslipidemia. Inadvertent effects of drugs in clinical practice
    • Henkin Y., Como J.A., Oberman A. Secondary dyslipidemia. Inadvertent effects of drugs in clinical practice. JAMA 1992, 267(7):961-968.
    • (1992) JAMA , vol.267 , Issue.7 , pp. 961-968
    • Henkin, Y.1    Como, J.A.2    Oberman, A.3
  • 21
    • 0030758970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dyslipoproteinemias in systemic lupus erythematosus: influence of disease, activity, and anticardiolipin antibodies
    • Borba E.F., Bonfa E. Dyslipoproteinemias in systemic lupus erythematosus: influence of disease, activity, and anticardiolipin antibodies. Lupus 1997, 6(6):533-539.
    • (1997) Lupus , vol.6 , Issue.6 , pp. 533-539
    • Borba, E.F.1    Bonfa, E.2
  • 22
    • 0034761724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traditional Framingham risk factors fail to fully account for accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Esdaile J.M., Abrahamowicz M., Grodzicky T., et al. Traditional Framingham risk factors fail to fully account for accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2001, 44(10):2331-2337.
    • (2001) Arthritis Rheum , vol.44 , Issue.10 , pp. 2331-2337
    • Esdaile, J.M.1    Abrahamowicz, M.2    Grodzicky, T.3
  • 23
    • 33750530815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular risk scores and the presence of subclinical coronary artery atherosclerosis in women with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Chung C.P., Oeser A., Avalos I., et al. Cardiovascular risk scores and the presence of subclinical coronary artery atherosclerosis in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2006, 15(9):562-569.
    • (2006) Lupus , vol.15 , Issue.9 , pp. 562-569
    • Chung, C.P.1    Oeser, A.2    Avalos, I.3
  • 24
    • 0242495176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for coronary heart disease in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: the Toronto Risk Factor Study
    • Bruce I.N., Urowitz M.B., Gladman D.D., et al. Risk factors for coronary heart disease in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: the Toronto Risk Factor Study. Arthritis Rheum 2003, 48(11):3159-3167.
    • (2003) Arthritis Rheum , vol.48 , Issue.11 , pp. 3159-3167
    • Bruce, I.N.1    Urowitz, M.B.2    Gladman, D.D.3
  • 25
    • 0034087160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hopkins Lupus Cohort. 1999 update
    • v
    • Petri M. Hopkins Lupus Cohort. 1999 update. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2000, 26(2):199-213. v.
    • (2000) Rheum Dis Clin North Am , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 199-213
    • Petri, M.1
  • 26
    • 0032953105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus during a 5-year period. A multicenter prospective study of 1,000 patients. European Working Party on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
    • Cervera R., Khamashta M.A., Font J., et al. Morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus during a 5-year period. A multicenter prospective study of 1,000 patients. European Working Party on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Medicine (Baltimore) 1999, 78(3):167-175.
    • (1999) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.78 , Issue.3 , pp. 167-175
    • Cervera, R.1    Khamashta, M.A.2    Font, J.3
  • 27
    • 77953084931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atherosclerotic vascular events in a multinational inception cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Urowitz M.B., Gladman D., Ibanez D., et al. Atherosclerotic vascular events in a multinational inception cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2010, 62(6):881-887.
    • (2010) Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) , vol.62 , Issue.6 , pp. 881-887
    • Urowitz, M.B.1    Gladman, D.2    Ibanez, D.3
  • 28
    • 84857536180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ability of non-fasting and fasting triglycerides to predict coronary artery disease in lupus patients
    • Touma Z., Gladman D.D., Ibanez D., et al. Ability of non-fasting and fasting triglycerides to predict coronary artery disease in lupus patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012, 51(3):528-534.
    • (2012) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.51 , Issue.3 , pp. 528-534
    • Touma, Z.1    Gladman, D.D.2    Ibanez, D.3
  • 29
    • 80053173790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of cumulative exposure to elevated cholesterol and blood pressure in development of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease in systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective proof-of-concept cohort study
    • Nikpour M., Urowitz M.B., Ibanez D., et al. Importance of cumulative exposure to elevated cholesterol and blood pressure in development of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease in systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective proof-of-concept cohort study. Arthritis Res Ther 2011, 13(5):R156.
    • (2011) Arthritis Res Ther , vol.13 , Issue.5
    • Nikpour, M.1    Urowitz, M.B.2    Ibanez, D.3
  • 30
    • 84858673576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular event in systemic lupus erythematosus in northern Sweden: incidence and predictors in a 7-year follow-up study
    • Bengtsson C., Ohman M.L., Nived O., et al. Cardiovascular event in systemic lupus erythematosus in northern Sweden: incidence and predictors in a 7-year follow-up study. Lupus 2012, 21(4):452-459.
    • (2012) Lupus , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 452-459
    • Bengtsson, C.1    Ohman, M.L.2    Nived, O.3
  • 31
    • 84855166628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus risk factors for coronary artery calcifications
    • Romero-Diaz J., Vargas-Vorackova F., Kimura-Hayama E., et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus risk factors for coronary artery calcifications. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2011, 51(1):110-119.
    • (2011) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.51 , Issue.1 , pp. 110-119
    • Romero-Diaz, J.1    Vargas-Vorackova, F.2    Kimura-Hayama, E.3
  • 32
    • 0032951316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and risk factors of carotid plaque in women with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Manzi S., Seizer F., Sutton-Tyrrell K., et al. Prevalence and risk factors of carotid plaque in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1999, 42(1):51-60.
    • (1999) Arthritis Rheum , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-60
    • Manzi, S.1    Seizer, F.2    Sutton-Tyrrell, K.3
  • 33
    • 35348901566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rate and determinants of progression of atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Roman M.J., Crow M.K., Lockshin M.D., et al. Rate and determinants of progression of atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2007, 56(10):3412-3419.
    • (2007) Arthritis Rheum , vol.56 , Issue.10 , pp. 3412-3419
    • Roman, M.J.1    Crow, M.K.2    Lockshin, M.D.3
  • 34
    • 84855183264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of progression in atherosclerosis over 2 years in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Kiani A.N., Post W.S., Magder L.S., et al. Predictors of progression in atherosclerosis over 2 years in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2011, 50(11):2071-2079.
    • (2011) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.50 , Issue.11 , pp. 2071-2079
    • Kiani, A.N.1    Post, W.S.2    Magder, L.S.3
  • 35
    • 84897018442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apanel of biomarkers is associated with increased risk of the presence and progression of atherosclerosis in women with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • McMahon M., Skaggs B.J., Grossman J.M., et al. Apanel of biomarkers is associated with increased risk of the presence and progression of atherosclerosis in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014, 66(1):130-139.
    • (2014) Arthritis Rheumatol , vol.66 , Issue.1 , pp. 130-139
    • McMahon, M.1    Skaggs, B.J.2    Grossman, J.M.3
  • 36
    • 79953022268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased risk of death in pediatric and adult patients with ESRD secondary to lupus
    • Sule S., Fivush B., Neu A., et al. Increased risk of death in pediatric and adult patients with ESRD secondary to lupus. Pediatr Nephrol 2011, 26(1):93-98.
    • (2011) Pediatr Nephrol , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 93-98
    • Sule, S.1    Fivush, B.2    Neu, A.3
  • 37
    • 33745899637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine levels and disease duration independently correlate with coronary artery calcification in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Von Feldt J.M., Scalzi L.V., Cucchiara A.J., et al. Homocysteine levels and disease duration independently correlate with coronary artery calcification in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2006, 54(7):2220-2227.
    • (2006) Arthritis Rheum , vol.54 , Issue.7 , pp. 2220-2227
    • Von Feldt, J.M.1    Scalzi, L.V.2    Cucchiara, A.J.3
  • 38
    • 66049159848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Premature atherosclerosis in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus: risk factors for increased carotid intima-media thickness in the atherosclerosis prevention in pediatric lupus erythematosus cohort
    • Schanberg L.E., Sandborg C., Barnhart H.X., et al. Premature atherosclerosis in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus: risk factors for increased carotid intima-media thickness in the atherosclerosis prevention in pediatric lupus erythematosus cohort. Arthritis Rheum 2009, 60(5):1496-1507.
    • (2009) Arthritis Rheum , vol.60 , Issue.5 , pp. 1496-1507
    • Schanberg, L.E.1    Sandborg, C.2    Barnhart, H.X.3
  • 39
    • 0142156507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis in a prospective cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Doria A., Shoenfeld Y., Wu R., et al. Risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis in a prospective cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2003, 62(11):1071-1077.
    • (2003) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.62 , Issue.11 , pp. 1071-1077
    • Doria, A.1    Shoenfeld, Y.2    Wu, R.3
  • 40
    • 80051944749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and risk factors for coronary artery calcification following kidney transplantation for systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Norby G.E., Gunther A., Mjoen G., et al. Prevalence and risk factors for coronary artery calcification following kidney transplantation for systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2011, 50(9):1659-1664.
    • (2011) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.50 , Issue.9 , pp. 1659-1664
    • Norby, G.E.1    Gunther, A.2    Mjoen, G.3
  • 41
    • 68049098209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysfunctional pro-inflammatory high density lipoproteins confer increased risk for atherosclerosis in women with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • McMahon M., Grossman J., Skaggs B., et al. Dysfunctional pro-inflammatory high density lipoproteins confer increased risk for atherosclerosis in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2009, 60(8):2428-2437.
    • (2009) Arthritis Rheum , vol.60 , Issue.8 , pp. 2428-2437
    • McMahon, M.1    Grossman, J.2    Skaggs, B.3
  • 42
    • 0346030568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and correlates of accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Roman M.J., Shanker B.A., Davis A., et al. Prevalence and correlates of accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. NEngl J Med 2003, 349(25):2399-2406.
    • (2003) NEngl J Med , vol.349 , Issue.25 , pp. 2399-2406
    • Roman, M.J.1    Shanker, B.A.2    Davis, A.3
  • 43
    • 40549125604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progression of carotid intima-media thickness and plaque in women with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Thompson T., Sulton-Tyrrell K., Wildman R.P., et al. Progression of carotid intima-media thickness and plaque in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2008, 58(3):835-842.
    • (2008) Arthritis Rheum , vol.58 , Issue.3 , pp. 835-842
    • Thompson, T.1    Sulton-Tyrrell, K.2    Wildman, R.P.3
  • 44
    • 77953691454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The factors involved in the progress of preclinical atherosclerosis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus: a two year longitudinal study
    • Rua-Figueroa I., Arencibia-Mireles O., Elvira M., et al. The factors involved in the progress of preclinical atherosclerosis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus: a two year longitudinal study. Ann Rheum Dis 2009, 69(6):1136-1139.
    • (2009) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.69 , Issue.6 , pp. 1136-1139
    • Rua-Figueroa, I.1    Arencibia-Mireles, O.2    Elvira, M.3
  • 45
    • 0041384265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with coronary artery calcification in young female patients with SLE
    • Manger K., Kusus M., Forster C., et al. Factors associated with coronary artery calcification in young female patients with SLE. Ann Rheum Dis 2003, 62(9):846-850.
    • (2003) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.62 , Issue.9 , pp. 846-850
    • Manger, K.1    Kusus, M.2    Forster, C.3
  • 46
    • 76649142028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for clinical coronary heart disease in systemic lupus erythematosus: the lupus and atherosclerosis evaluation of risk (LASER) study
    • Haque S., Gordon C., Isenberg D., et al. Risk factors for clinical coronary heart disease in systemic lupus erythematosus: the lupus and atherosclerosis evaluation of risk (LASER) study. JRheumatol 2010, 37(2):322-329.
    • (2010) JRheumatol , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 322-329
    • Haque, S.1    Gordon, C.2    Isenberg, D.3
  • 47
    • 85018103378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors in the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in women with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • [Epub ahead of print]
    • Lertratanakul A., Wu P., Dyer A.R., et al. Risk factors in the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2013, [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2013) Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)
    • Lertratanakul, A.1    Wu, P.2    Dyer, A.R.3
  • 48
    • 70449729881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid antibodies and risk of myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke in young women in the RATIO study: a case-control study
    • Urbanus R.T., Siegerink B., Roest M., et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies and risk of myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke in young women in the RATIO study: a case-control study. Lancet Neurol 2009, 8(11):998-1005.
    • (2009) Lancet Neurol , vol.8 , Issue.11 , pp. 998-1005
    • Urbanus, R.T.1    Siegerink, B.2    Roest, M.3
  • 49
    • 5644256975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus in a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA): XXII. Predictors of time to the occurrence of initial damage
    • Toloza S.M., Roseman J.M., Alarcon G.S., et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus in a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA): XXII. Predictors of time to the occurrence of initial damage. Arthritis Rheum 2004, 50(10):3177-3186.
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , Issue.10 , pp. 3177-3186
    • Toloza, S.M.1    Roseman, J.M.2    Alarcon, G.S.3
  • 50
    • 77951233843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update on anti-phospholipid antibodies in SLE: the Hopkins' Lupus Cohort
    • Petri M. Update on anti-phospholipid antibodies in SLE: the Hopkins' Lupus Cohort. Lupus 2010, 19(4):419-423.
    • (2010) Lupus , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 419-423
    • Petri, M.1
  • 51
    • 0347922145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Premature coronary-artery atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Asanuma Y., Oeser A., Shintani A.K., et al. Premature coronary-artery atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. NEngl J Med 2003, 349(25):2407-2415.
    • (2003) NEngl J Med , vol.349 , Issue.25 , pp. 2407-2415
    • Asanuma, Y.1    Oeser, A.2    Shintani, A.K.3
  • 52
    • 0035799331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-sensitivity C-reactive protein: potential adjunct for global risk assessment in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
    • Ridker P.M. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein: potential adjunct for global risk assessment in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2001, 103(13):1813-1818.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.103 , Issue.13 , pp. 1813-1818
    • Ridker, P.M.1
  • 53
    • 0031668698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein frequently colocalizes with the terminal complement complex in the intima of early atherosclerotic lesions of human coronary arteries
    • Torzewski J., Torzewski M., Bowyer D.E., et al. C-reactive protein frequently colocalizes with the terminal complement complex in the intima of early atherosclerotic lesions of human coronary arteries. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1998, 18(9):1386-1392.
    • (1998) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.18 , Issue.9 , pp. 1386-1392
    • Torzewski, J.1    Torzewski, M.2    Bowyer, D.E.3
  • 54
    • 2642579895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CRP as a mediator of disease
    • Yeh E.T. CRP as a mediator of disease. Circulation 2004, 109(21 Suppl 1):II11-II14.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.109 , Issue.21 SUPPL. 1
    • Yeh, E.T.1
  • 55
    • 0035967470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of C-reactive protein-mediated monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 induction in human endothelial cells by anti-atherosclerosis drugs
    • Pasceri V., Cheng J.S., Willerson J.T., et al. Modulation of C-reactive protein-mediated monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 induction in human endothelial cells by anti-atherosclerosis drugs. Circulation 2001, 103(21):2531-2534.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.103 , Issue.21 , pp. 2531-2534
    • Pasceri, V.1    Cheng, J.S.2    Willerson, J.T.3
  • 56
    • 67650096909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of cardiovascular damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: data from LUMINA (LXVIII), a multiethnic US cohort
    • Pons-Estel G.J., Gonzalez L.A., Zhang J., et al. Predictors of cardiovascular damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: data from LUMINA (LXVIII), a multiethnic US cohort. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2009, 48(7):817-822.
    • (2009) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.48 , Issue.7 , pp. 817-822
    • Pons-Estel, G.J.1    Gonzalez, L.A.2    Zhang, J.3
  • 57
    • 84857676725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for cardiovascular mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, a prospective cohort study
    • Gustafsson J.T., Simard J.F., Gunnarsson I., et al. Risk factors for cardiovascular mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, a prospective cohort study. Arthritis Res Ther 2012, 14(2):R46.
    • (2012) Arthritis Res Ther , vol.14 , Issue.2
    • Gustafsson, J.T.1    Simard, J.F.2    Gunnarsson, I.3
  • 58
    • 0345827518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of risk factors for vascular disease in the carotid artery and aorta in women with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Selzer F., Sulton-Tyrrell K., Fitzgerald S.G., et al. Comparison of risk factors for vascular disease in the carotid artery and aorta in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2004, 50(1):151-159.
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , Issue.1 , pp. 151-159
    • Selzer, F.1    Sulton-Tyrrell, K.2    Fitzgerald, S.G.3
  • 59
    • 70449515416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory mediators and premature coronary atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis
    • Rho Y.H., Chung C.P., Oeser A., et al. Inflammatory mediators and premature coronary atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2009, 61(11):1580-1585.
    • (2009) Arthritis Rheum , vol.61 , Issue.11 , pp. 1580-1585
    • Rho, Y.H.1    Chung, C.P.2    Oeser, A.3
  • 60
    • 70349116054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular abnormalities, paraoxonase activity, and dysfunctional HDL in primary antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Charakida M., Besler C., Batuca J.R., et al. Vascular abnormalities, paraoxonase activity, and dysfunctional HDL in primary antiphospholipid syndrome. JAMA 2009, 302(11):1210-1217.
    • (2009) JAMA , vol.302 , Issue.11 , pp. 1210-1217
    • Charakida, M.1    Besler, C.2    Batuca, J.R.3
  • 61
    • 0033806247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normal high density lipoprotein inhibits three steps in the formation of mildly oxidized low density lipoprotein: steps 2 and 3
    • Navab M., Hama S.Y., Anantharamaiah G.M., et al. Normal high density lipoprotein inhibits three steps in the formation of mildly oxidized low density lipoprotein: steps 2 and 3. JLipid Res 2000, 41(9):1495-1508.
    • (2000) JLipid Res , vol.41 , Issue.9 , pp. 1495-1508
    • Navab, M.1    Hama, S.Y.2    Anantharamaiah, G.M.3
  • 62
    • 0036822305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibodies to high-density lipoprotein and beta2-glycoprotein I are inversely correlated with paraoxonase activity in systemic lupus erythematosus and primary antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Delgado Alves J., Ames P.R., Donohue S., et al. Antibodies to high-density lipoprotein and beta2-glycoprotein I are inversely correlated with paraoxonase activity in systemic lupus erythematosus and primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 2002, 46(10):2686-2694.
    • (2002) Arthritis Rheum , vol.46 , Issue.10 , pp. 2686-2694
    • Delgado Alves, J.1    Ames, P.R.2    Donohue, S.3
  • 63
    • 34948862784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibodies toward high-density lipoprotein components inhibit paraoxonase activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Batuca J.R., Ames P.R., Isenberg D.A., et al. Antibodies toward high-density lipoprotein components inhibit paraoxonase activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007, 1108:137-146.
    • (2007) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1108 , pp. 137-146
    • Batuca, J.R.1    Ames, P.R.2    Isenberg, D.A.3
  • 64
    • 34948901350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced paraoxonase1 activity is a risk for atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Kiss E., Seres I., Tarr T., et al. Reduced paraoxonase1 activity is a risk for atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007, 1108:83-91.
    • (2007) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1108 , pp. 83-91
    • Kiss, E.1    Seres, I.2    Tarr, T.3
  • 65
    • 76849089860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular effects of leptin
    • Sweeney G. Cardiovascular effects of leptin. Nat Rev Cardiol 2010, 7(1):22-29.
    • (2010) Nat Rev Cardiol , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 22-29
    • Sweeney, G.1
  • 66
    • 34347240423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innate immunity modulates adipokines in humans
    • Anderson P.D., Mehta N.N., Wolfe M.L., et al. Innate immunity modulates adipokines in humans. JClin Endocrinol Metab 2007, 92(6):2272-2279.
    • (2007) JClin Endocrinol Metab , vol.92 , Issue.6 , pp. 2272-2279
    • Anderson, P.D.1    Mehta, N.N.2    Wolfe, M.L.3
  • 68
    • 43049169886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum leptin in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Wislowska M., Rok M., Stepien K., et al. Serum leptin in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int 2008, 28(5):467-473.
    • (2008) Rheumatol Int , vol.28 , Issue.5 , pp. 467-473
    • Wislowska, M.1    Rok, M.2    Stepien, K.3
  • 69
    • 33746772745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered levels of adipocytokines in association with insulin resistance in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Sada K.E., Yamasaki Y., Maruyama M., et al. Altered levels of adipocytokines in association with insulin resistance in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. JRheumatol 2006, 33(8):1545-1552.
    • (2006) JRheumatol , vol.33 , Issue.8 , pp. 1545-1552
    • Sada, K.E.1    Yamasaki, Y.2    Maruyama, M.3
  • 70
    • 65249179646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adipokines as novel biomarkers in paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Al M., Ng L., Tyrrell P., et al. Adipokines as novel biomarkers in paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2009, 48(5):497-501.
    • (2009) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.48 , Issue.5 , pp. 497-501
    • Al, M.1    Ng, L.2    Tyrrell, P.3
  • 71
    • 80051471532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High plasma leptin levels confer increased risk of atherosclerosis in women with systemic lupus erythematosus, and are associated with inflammatory oxidised lipids
    • McMahon M., Skaggs B.J., Sahakian L., et al. High plasma leptin levels confer increased risk of atherosclerosis in women with systemic lupus erythematosus, and are associated with inflammatory oxidised lipids. Ann Rheum Dis 2011, 70(9):1619-1624.
    • (2011) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.70 , Issue.9 , pp. 1619-1624
    • McMahon, M.1    Skaggs, B.J.2    Sahakian, L.3
  • 72
    • 77953231701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of plasma soluble E-selectin and adiponectin with carotid plaque in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Reynolds H.R., Buyon J., Kim M., et al. Association of plasma soluble E-selectin and adiponectin with carotid plaque in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Atherosclerosis 2010, 210(2):569-574.
    • (2010) Atherosclerosis , vol.210 , Issue.2 , pp. 569-574
    • Reynolds, H.R.1    Buyon, J.2    Kim, M.3
  • 73
    • 67650644583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adipocytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship to inflammation, insulin resistance and coronary atherosclerosis
    • Chung C., Long A., Salus J., et al. Adipocytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship to inflammation, insulin resistance and coronary atherosclerosis. Lupus 2009, 18(9):799-806.
    • (2009) Lupus , vol.18 , Issue.9 , pp. 799-806
    • Chung, C.1    Long, A.2    Salus, J.3
  • 74
    • 0027523674 scopus 로고
    • Carotid artery intimal-medial wall thickening and plasma homocyst(e)ine in asymptomatic adults. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
    • Malinow M.R., Nieto F.J., Szklo M., et al. Carotid artery intimal-medial wall thickening and plasma homocyst(e)ine in asymptomatic adults. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Circulation 1993, 87(4):1107-1113.
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.87 , Issue.4 , pp. 1107-1113
    • Malinow, M.R.1    Nieto, F.J.2    Szklo, M.3
  • 75
    • 0018858624 scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine-induced endothelial cell injury invitro: a model for the study of vascular injury
    • Wall R.T., Harlan J.M., Harker L.A., et al. Homocysteine-induced endothelial cell injury invitro: a model for the study of vascular injury. Thromb Res 1980, 18(1-2):113-121.
    • (1980) Thromb Res , vol.18 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 113-121
    • Wall, R.T.1    Harlan, J.M.2    Harker, L.A.3
  • 76
    • 0027531427 scopus 로고
    • Adverse vascular effects of homocysteine are modulated by endothelium-derived relaxing factor and related oxides of nitrogen
    • Stamler J.S., Osborne J.A., Jaraki O., et al. Adverse vascular effects of homocysteine are modulated by endothelium-derived relaxing factor and related oxides of nitrogen. JClin Invest 1993, 91(1):308-318.
    • (1993) JClin Invest , vol.91 , Issue.1 , pp. 308-318
    • Stamler, J.S.1    Osborne, J.A.2    Jaraki, O.3
  • 77
    • 0035810980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine induces expression and secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-8 in human aortic endothelial cells: implications for vascular disease
    • Poddar R., Sivasubramanian N., DiBello P.M., et al. Homocysteine induces expression and secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-8 in human aortic endothelial cells: implications for vascular disease. Circulation 2001, 103(22):2717-2723.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.103 , Issue.22 , pp. 2717-2723
    • Poddar, R.1    Sivasubramanian, N.2    DiBello, P.M.3
  • 78
    • 0029939676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine and vascular disease
    • McCully K.S. Homocysteine and vascular disease. Nat Med 1996, 2(4):386-389.
    • (1996) Nat Med , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 386-389
    • McCully, K.S.1
  • 79
    • 0027288252 scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine-induced modulation of tissue plasminogen activator binding to its endothelial cell membrane receptor
    • Hajjar K.A. Homocysteine-induced modulation of tissue plasminogen activator binding to its endothelial cell membrane receptor. JClin Invest 1993, 91(6):2873-2879.
    • (1993) JClin Invest , vol.91 , Issue.6 , pp. 2873-2879
    • Hajjar, K.A.1
  • 80
    • 0033400155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine and atherosclerosis
    • Gerhard G.T., Duell P.B. Homocysteine and atherosclerosis. Curr Opin Lipidol 1999, 10(5):417-428.
    • (1999) Curr Opin Lipidol , vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp. 417-428
    • Gerhard, G.T.1    Duell, P.B.2
  • 81
    • 44849114993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine or renal impairment: which is the real cardiovascular risk factor?
    • Potter K., Hankey G.J., Green D.J., et al. Homocysteine or renal impairment: which is the real cardiovascular risk factor?. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008, 28(6):1158-1164.
    • (2008) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.28 , Issue.6 , pp. 1158-1164
    • Potter, K.1    Hankey, G.J.2    Green, D.J.3
  • 82
    • 0029764927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombosis and systemic lupus erythematosus: the Hopkins Lupus Cohort perspective
    • Petri M. Thrombosis and systemic lupus erythematosus: the Hopkins Lupus Cohort perspective. Scand J Rheumatol 1996, 25(4):191-193.
    • (1996) Scand J Rheumatol , vol.25 , Issue.4 , pp. 191-193
    • Petri, M.1
  • 83
    • 0034109090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of coronary artery disease and the role of traditional risk factors in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort
    • Petri M. Detection of coronary artery disease and the role of traditional risk factors in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort. Lupus 2000, 9(3):170-175.
    • (2000) Lupus , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 170-175
    • Petri, M.1
  • 84
    • 0035899949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Svenungsson E., Jensen-Urstad K., Heimburger M., et al. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Circulation 2001, 104(16):1887-1893.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.104 , Issue.16 , pp. 1887-1893
    • Svenungsson, E.1    Jensen-Urstad, K.2    Heimburger, M.3
  • 85
    • 0036871121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperhomocysteinaemia and risk of thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus patients
    • Refai T.M., AI-Salem I.H., Nkansa-Dwamena D., et al. Hyperhomocysteinaemia and risk of thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Clin Rheumatol 2002, 21(6):457-461.
    • (2002) Clin Rheumatol , vol.21 , Issue.6 , pp. 457-461
    • Refai, T.M.1    AI-Salem, I.H.2    Nkansa-Dwamena, D.3
  • 86
    • 84884417595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of carotid intima-media thickness and plaque with incident cardiovascular events in women with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Kao A.H., Lertratanakul A., Elliott J.R., et al. Relation of carotid intima-media thickness and plaque with incident cardiovascular events in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Cardiol 2013, 112(7):1025-1032.
    • (2013) Am J Cardiol , vol.112 , Issue.7 , pp. 1025-1032
    • Kao, A.H.1    Lertratanakul, A.2    Elliott, J.R.3
  • 87
    • 64849106298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial perfusion imaging in assessing risk of coronary events in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Nikpour M., Gladman D.D., Ibanez D., et al. Myocardial perfusion imaging in assessing risk of coronary events in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. JRheumatol 2009, 36(2):288-294.
    • (2009) JRheumatol , vol.36 , Issue.2 , pp. 288-294
    • Nikpour, M.1    Gladman, D.D.2    Ibanez, D.3
  • 88
    • 3342912111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus: an independent risk factor for endothelial dysfunction in women
    • El-Magadmi M., Bodill H., Ahmad Y., et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus: an independent risk factor for endothelial dysfunction in women. Circulation 2004, 110(4):399-404.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , Issue.4 , pp. 399-404
    • El-Magadmi, M.1    Bodill, H.2    Ahmad, Y.3
  • 89
    • 27744600326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity is an independent contributor to functional capacity and inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Oeser A., Chung C.P., Asanuma Y., et al. Obesity is an independent contributor to functional capacity and inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2005, 52(11):3651-3659.
    • (2005) Arthritis Rheum , vol.52 , Issue.11 , pp. 3651-3659
    • Oeser, A.1    Chung, C.P.2    Asanuma, Y.3
  • 90
    • 78651402338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial ischemia in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Ishimori M.L., Martin R., Berman D.S., et al. Myocardial ischemia in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2011, 4(1):27-33.
    • (2011) JACC Cardiovasc Imaging , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-33
    • Ishimori, M.L.1    Martin, R.2    Berman, D.S.3
  • 91
    • 77955982546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality-of-life measurements versus disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Kiani A.N., Petri M. Quality-of-life measurements versus disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2010, 12(4):250-258.
    • (2010) Curr Rheumatol Rep , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 250-258
    • Kiani, A.N.1    Petri, M.2
  • 92
    • 34447558298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymmetric dimethylarginine is a marker of poor prognosis and coronary calcium in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Kiani A.N., Mahoney J.A., Petri M. Asymmetric dimethylarginine is a marker of poor prognosis and coronary calcium in systemic lupus erythematosus. JRheumatol 2007, 34(7):1502-1505.
    • (2007) JRheumatol , vol.34 , Issue.7 , pp. 1502-1505
    • Kiani, A.N.1    Mahoney, J.A.2    Petri, M.3
  • 93
    • 37849016152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspirin therapy and thromboxane biosynthesis in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Avalos I., Chung C.P., Oeser A., et al. Aspirin therapy and thromboxane biosynthesis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2007, 16(12):981-986.
    • (2007) Lupus , vol.16 , Issue.12 , pp. 981-986
    • Avalos, I.1    Chung, C.P.2    Oeser, A.3
  • 94
    • 33846941198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors determining participation in prevention trials among systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a qualitative study
    • Costenbader K.H., Brome D., Blanch D., et al. Factors determining participation in prevention trials among systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a qualitative study. Arthritis Rheum 2007, 57(1):49-55.
    • (2007) Arthritis Rheum , vol.57 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-55
    • Costenbader, K.H.1    Brome, D.2    Blanch, D.3
  • 95
    • 23244462099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapy insight: systemic lupus erythematosus as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease
    • Haque S., Bruce I.N. Therapy insight: systemic lupus erythematosus as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 2005, 2(8):423-430.
    • (2005) Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med , vol.2 , Issue.8 , pp. 423-430
    • Haque, S.1    Bruce, I.N.2
  • 96
    • 0038460302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report
    • Chobanian A.V., Bakris G.L., Black H.R., et al. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA 2003, 289(19):2560-2572.
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.289 , Issue.19 , pp. 2560-2572
    • Chobanian, A.V.1    Bakris, G.L.2    Black, H.R.3
  • 97
    • 26844559974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barriers to a trial of atherosclerosis prevention in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Costenbader K.H., Karlson E.W., Gall V., et al. Barriers to a trial of atherosclerosis prevention in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2005, 53(5):718-723.
    • (2005) Arthritis Rheum , vol.53 , Issue.5 , pp. 718-723
    • Costenbader, K.H.1    Karlson, E.W.2    Gall, V.3
  • 98
    • 45749099276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors delay the occurrence of renal involvement and are associated with a decreased risk of disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus-results from LUMINA (LIX): a multiethnic US cohort
    • Duran-Barragan S., McGwin G., Vila L.M., et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors delay the occurrence of renal involvement and are associated with a decreased risk of disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus-results from LUMINA (LIX): a multiethnic US cohort. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008, 47(7):1093-1096.
    • (2008) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.47 , Issue.7 , pp. 1093-1096
    • Duran-Barragan, S.1    McGwin, G.2    Vila, L.M.3
  • 99
    • 75749118959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EULAR evidence-based recommendations for cardiovascular risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of inflammatory arthritis
    • Peters M.J., Symmons D.P., McCarey D., et al. EULAR evidence-based recommendations for cardiovascular risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of inflammatory arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2010, 69(2):325-331.
    • (2010) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.69 , Issue.2 , pp. 325-331
    • Peters, M.J.1    Symmons, D.P.2    McCarey, D.3
  • 100
    • 84866943488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Premature atherosclerosis is associated with hypovitaminosis D and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor non-use in lupus patients
    • Ravenell R.L., Kamen D.L., Spence J.D., et al. Premature atherosclerosis is associated with hypovitaminosis D and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor non-use in lupus patients. Am J Med Sci 2012, 344(4):268-273.
    • (2012) Am J Med Sci , vol.344 , Issue.4 , pp. 268-273
    • Ravenell, R.L.1    Kamen, D.L.2    Spence, J.D.3
  • 101
    • 70349232428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiproteinuric effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and an angiotensin II receptor blocker in patients with lupus nephritis
    • Kitamura N., Matsukawa Y., Takei M., et al. Antiproteinuric effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and an angiotensin II receptor blocker in patients with lupus nephritis. JInt Med Res 2009, 37(3):892-898.
    • (2009) JInt Med Res , vol.37 , Issue.3 , pp. 892-898
    • Kitamura, N.1    Matsukawa, Y.2    Takei, M.3
  • 103
    • 60449093169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acontrolled comparison of brachial artery flow mediated dilation (FMD) and digital pulse amplitude tonometry (PAT) in the assessment of endothelial function in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Aizer J., Karlson E.W., Chibnik L.B., et al. Acontrolled comparison of brachial artery flow mediated dilation (FMD) and digital pulse amplitude tonometry (PAT) in the assessment of endothelial function in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2009, 18(3):235-242.
    • (2009) Lupus , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 235-242
    • Aizer, J.1    Karlson, E.W.2    Chibnik, L.B.3
  • 104
    • 0028883828 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group
    • Shepherd J., Cobbe S.M., Ford I., et al. Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. NEngl J Med 1995, 333(20):1301-1307.
    • (1995) NEngl J Med , vol.333 , Issue.20 , pp. 1301-1307
    • Shepherd, J.1    Cobbe, S.M.2    Ford, I.3
  • 105
    • 16644387204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. 1995
    • Shepherd J., Cobbe S.M., Ford I., et al. Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. 1995. Atheroscler Suppl 2004, 5(3):91-97.
    • (2004) Atheroscler Suppl , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 91-97
    • Shepherd, J.1    Cobbe, S.M.2    Ford, I.3
  • 106
    • 0032572086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels: results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS. Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study
    • Downs J.R., Clearfield M., Weis S., et al. Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels: results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS. Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study. JAMA 1998, 279(20):1615-1622.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.279 , Issue.20 , pp. 1615-1622
    • Downs, J.R.1    Clearfield, M.2    Weis, S.3
  • 107
    • 0033963466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidized low-density lipoproteins inhibit endothelial cell proliferation by suppressing basic fibroblast growth factor expression
    • Chen C.H., Jiang W., Via D.P., et al. Oxidized low-density lipoproteins inhibit endothelial cell proliferation by suppressing basic fibroblast growth factor expression. Circulation 2000, 101(2):171-177.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101 , Issue.2 , pp. 171-177
    • Chen, C.H.1    Jiang, W.2    Via, D.P.3
  • 108
    • 0037309378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anovel anti-inflammatory role for simvastatin in inflammatory arthritis
    • Leung B.P., Sattar N., Crilly A., et al. Anovel anti-inflammatory role for simvastatin in inflammatory arthritis. JImmunol 2003, 170(3):1524-1530.
    • (2003) JImmunol , vol.170 , Issue.3 , pp. 1524-1530
    • Leung, B.P.1    Sattar, N.2    Crilly, A.3
  • 109
    • 0345017160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atorvastatin reduces plasma MCP-1 in patients with acute coronary syndrome
    • Xu Z.M., Zhao S.P., Li Q.Z., et al. Atorvastatin reduces plasma MCP-1 in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Clin Chim Acta 2003, 338(1-2):17-24.
    • (2003) Clin Chim Acta , vol.338 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 17-24
    • Xu, Z.M.1    Zhao, S.P.2    Li, Q.Z.3
  • 110
    • 34547839642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apravastatin dose-escalation study in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Costenbader K.H., Liang M.H., Chibnik L.B., et al. Apravastatin dose-escalation study in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int 2007, 27(11):1071-1077.
    • (2007) Rheumatol Int , vol.27 , Issue.11 , pp. 1071-1077
    • Costenbader, K.H.1    Liang, M.H.2    Chibnik, L.B.3
  • 111
    • 33747761951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simvastatin treatment ameliorates autoimmune disease associated with accelerated atherosclerosis in a murine lupus model
    • Aprahamian T., Bonegio R., Rizzo J., et al. Simvastatin treatment ameliorates autoimmune disease associated with accelerated atherosclerosis in a murine lupus model. JImmunol 2006, 177(5):3028-3034.
    • (2006) JImmunol , vol.177 , Issue.5 , pp. 3028-3034
    • Aprahamian, T.1    Bonegio, R.2    Rizzo, J.3
  • 112
    • 0029096765 scopus 로고
    • Kuopio Atherosclerosis Prevention Study (KAPS). A population-based primary preventive trial of the effect of LDL lowering on atherosclerotic progression in carotid and femoral arteries
    • Salonen R., Nyyssonen K., Porkkala E., et al. Kuopio Atherosclerosis Prevention Study (KAPS). A population-based primary preventive trial of the effect of LDL lowering on atherosclerotic progression in carotid and femoral arteries. Circulation 1995, 92(7):1758-1764.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92 , Issue.7 , pp. 1758-1764
    • Salonen, R.1    Nyyssonen, K.2    Porkkala, E.3
  • 113
    • 3142729178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines
    • Grundy S.M., Gleeman J.l., Merz C.N., et al. Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Circulation 2004, 110(2):227-239.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , Issue.2 , pp. 227-239
    • Grundy, S.M.1    Gleeman, J.2    Merz, C.N.3
  • 114
    • 84904397645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of statins on proinflammatory/prothrombotic biomarkers and on disease activity scores in SLE patients: data from LUMINA (LXXVI), a multi-ethnic US cohort
    • Willis R., Seif A.M., McGwin G., et al. Effects of statins on proinflammatory/prothrombotic biomarkers and on disease activity scores in SLE patients: data from LUMINA (LXXVI), a multi-ethnic US cohort. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2014, 32(2):162-167.
    • (2014) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 162-167
    • Willis, R.1    Seif, A.M.2    McGwin, G.3
  • 115
    • 79960561057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of atorvastatin on coronary calcifications and myocardial perfusion defects in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a prospective, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study
    • Plazak W., Gryga K., Dziedzic H., et al. Influence of atorvastatin on coronary calcifications and myocardial perfusion defects in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a prospective, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study. Arthritis Res Ther 2011, 13(4):R117.
    • (2011) Arthritis Res Ther , vol.13 , Issue.4
    • Plazak, W.1    Gryga, K.2    Dziedzic, H.3
  • 116
    • 34848831197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atorvastatin therapy improves endothelial-dependent vasodilation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: an 8 weeks controlled trial
    • Ferreira G.A., Navarro T.P., Telles R.W., et al. Atorvastatin therapy improves endothelial-dependent vasodilation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: an 8 weeks controlled trial. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007, 46(10):1560-1565.
    • (2007) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.46 , Issue.10 , pp. 1560-1565
    • Ferreira, G.A.1    Navarro, T.P.2    Telles, R.W.3
  • 117
    • 34250673899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lupus atherosclerosis prevention study (LAPS): a randomized double blind placebo controlled trial of atorvastatin versus placebo
    • Petri M., Kiani A., Post W., et al. Lupus atherosclerosis prevention study (LAPS): a randomized double blind placebo controlled trial of atorvastatin versus placebo. Arthritis Rheum 2006, 54(9):S520.
    • (2006) Arthritis Rheum , vol.54 , Issue.9
    • Petri, M.1    Kiani, A.2    Post, W.3
  • 118
    • 80052701060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does Atorvastatin Reduce Progression of Carotid Intimal Medial Thickening (CIMT) in Childhood SLE? Results from the Atherosclerosis Prevention in Pediatric Lupus (APPLE) Trial: a Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study
    • Schanberg L.E., Sandborg C., Barnhart H.X., et al. Does Atorvastatin Reduce Progression of Carotid Intimal Medial Thickening (CIMT) in Childhood SLE? Results from the Atherosclerosis Prevention in Pediatric Lupus (APPLE) Trial: a Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study. Arthritis Rheum 2010, 62(Suppl):1677.
    • (2010) Arthritis Rheum , vol.62 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 1677
    • Schanberg, L.E.1    Sandborg, C.2    Barnhart, H.X.3
  • 119
    • 8644274097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of statin therapy on the progression of carotid atherosclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Kang S., Wu Y., Li X. Effects of statin therapy on the progression of carotid atherosclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis 2004, 177(2):433-442.
    • (2004) Atherosclerosis , vol.177 , Issue.2 , pp. 433-442
    • Kang, S.1    Wu, Y.2    Li, X.3
  • 120
    • 23744444361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III Update: adjustments and options
    • Stone N.J., Bilek S., Rosenbaum S. Recent National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III Update: adjustments and options. Am J Cardiol 2005, 96(4A):53-59.
    • (2005) Am J Cardiol , vol.96 , Issue.4 A , pp. 53-59
    • Stone, N.J.1    Bilek, S.2    Rosenbaum, S.3
  • 121
    • 33750499270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of antimalarials on thrombosis and survival in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Ruiz-Irastorza G., Egurbide M.V., Pijoan J.l., et al. Effect of antimalarials on thrombosis and survival in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2006, 15(9):577-583.
    • (2006) Lupus , vol.15 , Issue.9 , pp. 577-583
    • Ruiz-Irastorza, G.1    Egurbide, M.V.2    Pijoan, J.3
  • 122
    • 34548190213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hydroxychloroquine on the survival of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: data from LUMINA, a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA L)
    • Alarcon G.S., McGwin G., Bertoli A.M., et al. Effect of hydroxychloroquine on the survival of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: data from LUMINA, a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA L). Ann Rheum Dis 2007, 66(9):1168-1172.
    • (2007) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.66 , Issue.9 , pp. 1168-1172
    • Alarcon, G.S.1    McGwin, G.2    Bertoli, A.M.3
  • 123
    • 0032900519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cholesterol lowering effect of antimalarial drugs is enhanced in patients with lupus taking corticosteroid drugs
    • Rahman P., Gladman D.D., Urowitz M.B., et al. The cholesterol lowering effect of antimalarial drugs is enhanced in patients with lupus taking corticosteroid drugs. JRheumatol 1999, 26(2):325-330.
    • (1999) JRheumatol , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 325-330
    • Rahman, P.1    Gladman, D.D.2    Urowitz, M.B.3
  • 124
    • 0029990745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxychloroquine use in the Baltimore Lupus Cohort: effects on lipids, glucose and thrombosis
    • Petri M. Hydroxychloroquine use in the Baltimore Lupus Cohort: effects on lipids, glucose and thrombosis. Lupus 1996, 5(Suppl 1):S16-S22.
    • (1996) Lupus , vol.5 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Petri, M.1
  • 125
    • 77953214748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxychloroquine and glycemia in women with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Penn S.K., Kao A.H., Schott L.L., et al. Hydroxychloroquine and glycemia in women with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. JRheumatol 2010, 37(6):1136-1142.
    • (2010) JRheumatol , vol.37 , Issue.6 , pp. 1136-1142
    • Penn, S.K.1    Kao, A.H.2    Schott, L.L.3
  • 126
    • 0023515407 scopus 로고
    • Does hydroxychloroquine sulfate prevent clot formation in systemic lupus erythematosus?
    • Wallace D.J. Does hydroxychloroquine sulfate prevent clot formation in systemic lupus erythematosus?. Arthritis Rheum 1987, 30(12):1435-1436.
    • (1987) Arthritis Rheum , vol.30 , Issue.12 , pp. 1435-1436
    • Wallace, D.J.1
  • 127
    • 58849159669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk and protective factors for thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: results from a large, multi-ethnic cohort
    • Kaiser R., Cleveland C.M., Criswell L.A. Risk and protective factors for thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: results from a large, multi-ethnic cohort. Ann Rheum Dis 2009, 68(2):238-241.
    • (2009) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.68 , Issue.2 , pp. 238-241
    • Kaiser, R.1    Cleveland, C.M.2    Criswell, L.A.3
  • 128
    • 0035050697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular stiffness in women with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Selzer F., Sulton-Tyrrell K., Fitzgerald S., et al. Vascular stiffness in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Hypertension 2001, 37(4):1075-1082.
    • (2001) Hypertension , vol.37 , Issue.4 , pp. 1075-1082
    • Selzer, F.1    Sulton-Tyrrell, K.2    Fitzgerald, S.3
  • 129
    • 38349088595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TLR7/9 antagonists as therapeutics for immune-mediated inflammatory disorders
    • Sun S., Rao N.L., Venable J., et al. TLR7/9 antagonists as therapeutics for immune-mediated inflammatory disorders. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets 2007, 6(4):223-235.
    • (2007) Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. 223-235
    • Sun, S.1    Rao, N.L.2    Venable, J.3
  • 130
    • 40849110313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine lowering with folic acid and B vitamins in people with chronic kidney disease-results of the renal Hope-2 study
    • Mann J.F., Sheridan P., McQueen M.J., et al. Homocysteine lowering with folic acid and B vitamins in people with chronic kidney disease-results of the renal Hope-2 study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008, 23(2):645-653.
    • (2008) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 645-653
    • Mann, J.F.1    Sheridan, P.2    McQueen, M.J.3
  • 131
    • 0036726230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atherosclerotic vascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Liang M.H., Mandl L.A., Costenbader K., et al. Atherosclerotic vascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. JNatl Med Assoc 2002, 94(9):813-819.
    • (2002) JNatl Med Assoc , vol.94 , Issue.9 , pp. 813-819
    • Liang, M.H.1    Mandl, L.A.2    Costenbader, K.3
  • 132
    • 0026739543 scopus 로고
    • Coronary artery disease risk factors in the Johns Hopkins Lupus Cohort: prevalence, recognition by patients, and preventive practices
    • Petri M., Spence D., Bone L.R., et al. Coronary artery disease risk factors in the Johns Hopkins Lupus Cohort: prevalence, recognition by patients, and preventive practices. Medicine (Baltimore) 1992, 71(5):291-302.
    • (1992) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.71 , Issue.5 , pp. 291-302
    • Petri, M.1    Spence, D.2    Bone, L.R.3
  • 133
    • 74149094498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of zinc supplementation on serum zinc concentration and ratio of apo/holo-activities of angiotensin converting enzyme in patients with taste impairment
    • Takaoka T., Sarukura N., Ueda C., et al. Effects of zinc supplementation on serum zinc concentration and ratio of apo/holo-activities of angiotensin converting enzyme in patients with taste impairment. Auris Nasus Larynx 2010, 37(2):190-194.
    • (2010) Auris Nasus Larynx , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 190-194
    • Takaoka, T.1    Sarukura, N.2    Ueda, C.3
  • 134
    • 84876012717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of mycophenolate mofetil on disease development in the gld.apoE (-/-) mouse model of accelerated atherosclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Richez C., Richards R.J., Duffau P., et al. The effect of mycophenolate mofetil on disease development in the gld.apoE (-/-) mouse model of accelerated atherosclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. PLoS One 2013, 8(4):e61042.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8 , Issue.4
    • Richez, C.1    Richards, R.J.2    Duffau, P.3
  • 135
    • 47349103299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship with inflammation, augmentation index, and coronary calcification
    • Chung C.P., Salus J.F., Oeser A., et al. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship with inflammation, augmentation index, and coronary calcification. JRheumatol 2008, 35(7):1314-1319.
    • (2008) JRheumatol , vol.35 , Issue.7 , pp. 1314-1319
    • Chung, C.P.1    Salus, J.F.2    Oeser, A.3
  • 136
    • 35748963843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mycophenolate mofetil and atherosclerosis: results of animal and human studies
    • Gibson W.T., Hayden M.R. Mycophenolate mofetil and atherosclerosis: results of animal and human studies. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007, 1110:209-221.
    • (2007) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1110 , pp. 209-221
    • Gibson, W.T.1    Hayden, M.R.2
  • 137
    • 17044440752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative effects of ramipril on ambulatory and office blood pressures: a HOPE Substudy
    • Svensson P., de Faire U., Sleight P., et al. Comparative effects of ramipril on ambulatory and office blood pressures: a HOPE Substudy. Hypertension 2001, 38(6):E28-E32.
    • (2001) Hypertension , vol.38 , Issue.6
    • Svensson, P.1    de Faire, U.2    Sleight, P.3
  • 138
    • 0034929941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical, public health, and research implications of the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Study
    • Yusuf S. Clinical, public health, and research implications of the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Study. Eur Heart J 2001, 22(2):103-104.
    • (2001) Eur Heart J , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 103-104
    • Yusuf, S.1
  • 139
    • 84937502203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of interleukin-6 receptor blockade on surrogates of vascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis: MEASURE, a randomised, placebo-controlled study
    • [Epub ahead of print]
    • McInnes I.B., Thompson L., Giles J.T., et al. Effect of interleukin-6 receptor blockade on surrogates of vascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis: MEASURE, a randomised, placebo-controlled study. Ann Rheum Dis 2013, [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2013) Ann Rheum Dis
    • McInnes, I.B.1    Thompson, L.2    Giles, J.T.3
  • 140
    • 84876559552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annexin A5 as independent predictive biomarker for subclinical atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus patients
    • Valer P., Paul B., Eugenia B., et al. Annexin A5 as independent predictive biomarker for subclinical atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Clin Lab 2013, 59(3-4):359-367.
    • (2013) Clin Lab , vol.59 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 359-367
    • Valer, P.1    Paul, B.2    Eugenia, B.3
  • 141
    • 77952923345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of asymmetric dimethylarginine and homocysteine to vascular aging in systemic lupus erythematosus patients
    • Perna M., Roman M.J., Alpert D.R., et al. Relationship of asymmetric dimethylarginine and homocysteine to vascular aging in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Arthritis Rheum 2010, 62(6):1718-1722.
    • (2010) Arthritis Rheum , vol.62 , Issue.6 , pp. 1718-1722
    • Perna, M.1    Roman, M.J.2    Alpert, D.R.3
  • 142
    • 82955194825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemorheological parameters are related to subclinical atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis patients
    • Santos M.J., Pedro L.M., Canhao H., et al. Hemorheological parameters are related to subclinical atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis patients. Atherosclerosis 2011, 219(2):821-826.
    • (2011) Atherosclerosis , vol.219 , Issue.2 , pp. 821-826
    • Santos, M.J.1    Pedro, L.M.2    Canhao, H.3
  • 143
    • 54049117683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel cardiovascular risk factors in premature coronary atherosclerosis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Rho Y.H., Chung C.P., Oeser A., et al. Novel cardiovascular risk factors in premature coronary atherosclerosis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. JRheumatol 2008, 35(9):1789-1794.
    • (2008) JRheumatol , vol.35 , Issue.9 , pp. 1789-1794
    • Rho, Y.H.1    Chung, C.P.2    Oeser, A.3
  • 144
    • 84894033624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating FABP4 is a marker of metabolic and cardiovascular risk in SLE patients
    • Parra S., Cabre A., Marimon F., et al. Circulating FABP4 is a marker of metabolic and cardiovascular risk in SLE patients. Lupus 2014, 23(3):245-254.
    • (2014) Lupus , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 245-254
    • Parra, S.1    Cabre, A.2    Marimon, F.3
  • 145
    • 84860991009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type I interferons are associated with subclinical markers of cardiovascular disease in a cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus patients
    • Somers E.C., Zhao W., Lewis E.E., et al. Type I interferons are associated with subclinical markers of cardiovascular disease in a cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus patients. PLoS One 2012, 7(5):e37000.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7 , Issue.5
    • Somers, E.C.1    Zhao, W.2    Lewis, E.E.3
  • 146
    • 36049038869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type I interferon as a novel risk factor for endothelial progenitor cell depletion and endothelial dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Lee P.Y., Li Y., Richards H.B., et al. Type I interferon as a novel risk factor for endothelial progenitor cell depletion and endothelial dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2007, 56(11):3759-3769.
    • (2007) Arthritis Rheum , vol.56 , Issue.11 , pp. 3759-3769
    • Lee, P.Y.1    Li, Y.2    Richards, H.B.3
  • 147
    • 84901274490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Higher circulating levels of OxLDL % of LDL are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Ahmad H.M., Sarhan E.M., Komber U. Higher circulating levels of OxLDL % of LDL are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int 2014, 34(5):617-623.
    • (2014) Rheumatol Int , vol.34 , Issue.5 , pp. 617-623
    • Ahmad, H.M.1    Sarhan, E.M.2    Komber, U.3
  • 148
    • 0031856327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arterial disease in lupus and secondary antiphospholipid syndrome: association with anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies but not with antibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein
    • Romero F.I., Amengual O., Atsumi T., et al. Arterial disease in lupus and secondary antiphospholipid syndrome: association with anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies but not with antibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Br J Rheumatol 1998, 37(8):883-888.
    • (1998) Br J Rheumatol , vol.37 , Issue.8 , pp. 883-888
    • Romero, F.I.1    Amengual, O.2    Atsumi, T.3
  • 149
    • 0034993766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-oxidized low-density-lipoprotein (OxLDL) antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus with and without antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Hayem G., Nicaise-Roland P., Palazzo E., et al. Anti-oxidized low-density-lipoprotein (OxLDL) antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus with and without antiphospholipid syndrome. Lupus 2001, 10(5):346-351.
    • (2001) Lupus , vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp. 346-351
    • Hayem, G.1    Nicaise-Roland, P.2    Palazzo, E.3
  • 150
    • 84887436432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low levels of antibodies against oxidized but not nonoxidized cardiolipin and phosphatidylserine are associated with atherosclerotic plaques in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Su J., Frostegard A.G., Hua X., et al. Low levels of antibodies against oxidized but not nonoxidized cardiolipin and phosphatidylserine are associated with atherosclerotic plaques in systemic lupus erythematosus. JRheumatol 2013, 40(11):1856-1864.
    • (2013) JRheumatol , vol.40 , Issue.11 , pp. 1856-1864
    • Su, J.1    Frostegard, A.G.2    Hua, X.3
  • 151
    • 78549241307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased prevalence of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques and low levels of natural IgM antibodies against phosphorylcholine in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Anania C., Gustafsson T., Hua X., et al. Increased prevalence of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques and low levels of natural IgM antibodies against phosphorylcholine in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther 2010, 12(6):R214.
    • (2010) Arthritis Res Ther , vol.12 , Issue.6
    • Anania, C.1    Gustafsson, T.2    Hua, X.3
  • 152
    • 70449629372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Nikpour M., Urowitz M.B., Gladman D.D. Epidemiology of atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2009, 11(4):248-254.
    • (2009) Curr Rheumatol Rep , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 248-254
    • Nikpour, M.1    Urowitz, M.B.2    Gladman, D.D.3
  • 153
    • 77952469211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of the first cardiovascular event in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus - a prospective cohort study
    • Gustafsson J., Gunnarsson I., Borjesson O., et al. Predictors of the first cardiovascular event in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus - a prospective cohort study. Arthritis Res Ther 2009, 11(6):R186.
    • (2009) Arthritis Res Ther , vol.11 , Issue.6
    • Gustafsson, J.1    Gunnarsson, I.2    Borjesson, O.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.