메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 48, Issue 7, 2009, Pages 817-822

Predictors of cardiovascular damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Data from LUMINA (LXVIII), a multiethnic US cohort

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; C reactive protein; Cardiovascular; Damage; Ethnicity; Lupus

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; AZATHIOPRINE; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; GLUCOCORTICOID; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; PREDNISONE; WARFARIN;

EID: 67650096909     PISSN: 14620324     EISSN: 14620332     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kep102     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (103)

References (51)
  • 2
    • 33746936116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Bernatsky S, Boivin JF, Joseph L et al. Mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2006;54:2550-7.
    • (2006) Arthritis Rheum , vol.54 , pp. 2550-2557
    • Bernatsky, S.1    Boivin, J.F.2    Joseph, L.3
  • 3
    • 0031052874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-specific incidence rates of myocardial infarction and angina in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: Comparison with the Framingham study
    • Manzi S, Meilahn EN, Rairie JE et al. Age-specific incidence rates of myocardial infarction and angina in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: Comparison with the Framingham study. Am J Epidemiol 1997;145:408-15.
    • (1997) Am J Epidemiol , vol.145 , pp. 408-415
    • Manzi, S.1    Meilahn, E.N.2    Rairie, J.E.3
  • 4
    • 0019940223 scopus 로고
    • A multicenter study of outcome in systemic lupus erythematosus. II. Causes of death
    • Rosner S, Ginzler EM, Diamond HS et al. A multicenter study of outcome in systemic lupus erythematosus. II. Causes of death. Arthritis Rheum 1982;25:612-17.
    • (1982) Arthritis Rheum , vol.25 , pp. 612-617
    • Rosner, S.1    Ginzler, E.M.2    Diamond, H.S.3
  • 5
    • 0026739543 scopus 로고
    • Coronary artery disease risk factors in the Johns Hopkins Lupus Cohort: Prevalence, recognition by patients, and preventive practices
    • Petri M, Spence D, Bone LR, Hochberg MC. Coronary artery disease risk factors in the Johns Hopkins Lupus Cohort: Prevalence, recognition by patients, and preventive practices. Medicine (Baltimore) 1992;71:291-302.
    • (1992) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.71 , pp. 291-302
    • Petri, M.1    Spence, D.2    Bone, L.R.3    Hochberg, M.C.4
  • 6
    • 0034761724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traditional Framingham risk factors fail to fully account for accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Esdaile JM, Abrahamowicz M, Grodzicky T et al. Traditional Framingham risk factors fail to fully account for accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2001;44:2331-7.
    • (2001) Arthritis Rheum , vol.44 , pp. 2331-2337
    • Esdaile, J.M.1    Abrahamowicz, M.2    Grodzicky, T.3
  • 7
    • 0032748103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of traditional risk factors to coronary artery disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Rahman P, Urowitz MB, Gladman DD, Bruce IN, Genest J Jr. Contribution of traditional risk factors to coronary artery disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 1999;26:2363-8.
    • (1999) J Rheumatol , vol.26 , pp. 2363-2368
    • Rahman, P.1    Urowitz, M.B.2    Gladman, D.D.3    Bruce, I.N.4    Genest Jr., J.5
  • 8
    • 10444248119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus in a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA) XXIII: Baseline predictors of vascular events
    • Toloza SMA, Uribe AG, McGwin G Jr et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus in a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA) XXIII: Baseline predictors of vascular events. Arthritis Rheum 2004;50:3947-57.
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , pp. 3947-3957
    • Toloza, S.M.A.1    Uribe, A.G.2    McGwin Jr, G.3
  • 9
    • 13344270914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development and initial validation of the systemic lupus international collaborating clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index for systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Gladman D, Ginzler E, Goldsmith C et al. The development and initial validation of the systemic lupus international collaborating clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index for systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1996;39:363-9.
    • (1996) Arthritis Rheum , vol.39 , pp. 363-369
    • Gladman, D.1    Ginzler, E.2    Goldsmith, C.3
  • 10
    • 0031007301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The reliability of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Gladman DD, Urowitz MB, Goldsmith CH et al. The reliability of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1997; 40:809-13.
    • (1997) Arthritis Rheum , vol.40 , pp. 809-813
    • Gladman, D.D.1    Urowitz, M.B.2    Goldsmith, C.H.3
  • 11
    • 0033883546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Damage in systemic lupus erythematosus and its association with corticosteroids
    • Zonana-Nacach A, Barr SG, Magder LS, Petri M. Damage in systemic lupus erythematosus and its association with corticosteroids. Arthritis Rheum 2000; 43:1801-8.
    • (2000) Arthritis Rheum , vol.43 , pp. 1801-1808
    • Zonana-Nacach, A.1    Barr, S.G.2    Magder, L.S.3    Petri, M.4
  • 12
    • 39449099564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent corticosteroid use and recent disease activity: Independent determinants of coronary heart disease risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus?
    • Karp I, Abrahamowicz M, Fortin PR et al. Recent corticosteroid use and recent disease activity: Independent determinants of coronary heart disease risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus? Arthritis Rheum 2008;59:169-75.
    • (2008) Arthritis Rheum , vol.59 , pp. 169-175
    • Karp, I.1    Abrahamowicz, M.2    Fortin, P.R.3
  • 13
    • 0032919341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alarcon GS, Friedman AW, Straaton KV et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups: III. A comparison of characteristics early in the natural history of the LUMINA cohort. LUpus in MInority populations: NAture vs. Nurture. Lupus 1999;8:197-209.
    • Alarcon GS, Friedman AW, Straaton KV et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups: III. A comparison of characteristics early in the natural history of the LUMINA cohort. LUpus in MInority populations: NAture vs. Nurture. Lupus 1999;8:197-209.
  • 14
    • 0020436689 scopus 로고
    • The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Tan EM, Cohen AS, Fries JF et al. The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1982;25:1271-7.
    • (1982) Arthritis Rheum , vol.25 , pp. 1271-1277
    • Tan, E.M.1    Cohen, A.S.2    Fries, J.F.3
  • 15
    • 0031229830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Updating the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Hochberg MC. Updating the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1997; 40:1725.
    • (1997) Arthritis Rheum , vol.40 , pp. 1725
    • Hochberg, M.C.1
  • 16
    • 0031810006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups: I. The effects of HLA class II, C4, and CR1 alleles, socioeconomic factors, and ethnicity at disease onset. LUMINA Study Group. Lupus in minority populations, Nature versus Nurture
    • Reveille JD, Moulds JM, Ahn C et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups: I. The effects of HLA class II, C4, and CR1 alleles, socioeconomic factors, and ethnicity at disease onset. LUMINA Study Group. Lupus in minority populations, Nature versus Nurture. Arthritis Rheum 1998;41:1161-72.
    • (1998) Arthritis Rheum , vol.41 , pp. 1161-1172
    • Reveille, J.D.1    Moulds, J.M.2    Ahn, C.3
  • 17
    • 67650005849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Current population reports, Series P-23, No. 28 and Series P-60, No. 68 and subsequent years. Washington, DC: Housing and Household Economic Statistics Division, 1995.
    • U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Current population reports, Series P-23, No. 28 and Series P-60, No. 68 and subsequent years. Washington, DC: Housing and Household Economic Statistics Division, 1995.
  • 18
    • 0024419180 scopus 로고
    • Reliability and validity of six systems for the clinical assessment of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Liang MH, Socher SA, Larson MG, Schur PH. Reliability and validity of six systems for the clinical assessment of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1989;32:1107-18.
    • (1989) Arthritis Rheum , vol.32 , pp. 1107-1118
    • Liang, M.H.1    Socher, S.A.2    Larson, M.G.3    Schur, P.H.4
  • 19
    • 0027977967 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity to change of 3 systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity indices: International validation
    • Gladman DD, Goldsmith CH, Urowitz MB et al. Sensitivity to change of 3 systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity indices: international validation. J Rheumatol 1994;21:1468-71.
    • (1994) J Rheumatol , vol.21 , pp. 1468-1471
    • Gladman, D.D.1    Goldsmith, C.H.2    Urowitz, M.B.3
  • 20
    • 0016587129 scopus 로고
    • Immunology of DNA. III. Crithidia luciliae, a simple substrate for the determination of anti-dsDNA with the immunofluorescence technique
    • Aarden LA, De Groot ER, Feltkamp TE. Immunology of DNA. III. Crithidia luciliae, a simple substrate for the determination of anti-dsDNA with the immunofluorescence technique. Ann NY Acad Sci 1975;254:505-15.
    • (1975) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.254 , pp. 505-515
    • Aarden, L.A.1    De Groot, E.R.2    Feltkamp, T.E.3
  • 21
    • 0023913871 scopus 로고
    • Two Ro (SS-A) autoantibody responses in systemic lupus erythematosus. Correlation of HLA-DR/DQ specificities with quantitative expression of Ro (SS-A) autoantibody
    • Hamilton RG, Harley JB, Bias WB et al. Two Ro (SS-A) autoantibody responses in systemic lupus erythematosus. Correlation of HLA-DR/DQ specificities with quantitative expression of Ro (SS-A) autoantibody. Arthritis Rheum 1988;31: 496-505.
    • (1988) Arthritis Rheum , vol.31 , pp. 496-505
    • Hamilton, R.G.1    Harley, J.B.2    Bias, W.B.3
  • 22
    • 0025500242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Second International Anti-cardiolipin Standardization Workshop/the Kingston Anti-phospholipid Antibody Study (KAPS) Group
    • Special report, Am J Clin Pathol 1990;94:476-84
    • Harris EN. Special report. The Second International Anti-cardiolipin Standardization Workshop/the Kingston Anti-phospholipid Antibody Study (KAPS) Group. Am J Clin Pathol 1990;94:476-84.
    • Harris, E.N.1
  • 23
    • 0027369135 scopus 로고
    • A hexagonal (II) phase phospholipid neutralization assay for lupus anticoagulant identification
    • Triplett DA, Barna LK, Unger GA. A hexagonal (II) phase phospholipid neutralization assay for lupus anticoagulant identification. Thromb Haemost 1993;70:787-93.
    • (1993) Thromb Haemost , vol.70 , pp. 787-793
    • Triplett, D.A.1    Barna, L.K.2    Unger, G.A.3
  • 24
    • 6844259880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of damage in 210 Mexican patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Relationship with disease duration
    • Zonana-Nacach A, Camargo-Coronel A, Yanez P et al. Measurement of damage in 210 Mexican patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship with disease duration. Lupus 1998;7:119-23.
    • (1998) Lupus , vol.7 , pp. 119-123
    • Zonana-Nacach, A.1    Camargo-Coronel, A.2    Yanez, P.3
  • 25
    • 0042694721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accrual of organ damage over time in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Gladman DD, Urowitz MB, Rahman P, Ibanez D, Tam LS. Accrual of organ damage over time in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 2003;30:1955-9.
    • (2003) J Rheumatol , vol.30 , pp. 1955-1959
    • Gladman, D.D.1    Urowitz, M.B.2    Rahman, P.3    Ibanez, D.4    Tam, L.S.5
  • 26
    • 0032923669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein, a sensitive marker of inflammation, predicts future risk of coronary heart disease in initially healthy middle-aged men. Results from the MONICA (Monitoring Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease) Augsburg Cohort Study, 1984 to 1992
    • Koenig W, Sund M, Frohlich M et al. C-reactive protein, a sensitive marker of inflammation, predicts future risk of coronary heart disease in initially healthy middle-aged men. Results from the MONICA (Monitoring Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease) Augsburg Cohort Study, 1984 to 1992. Circulation 1999;99:237-42.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 237-242
    • Koenig, W.1    Sund, M.2    Frohlich, M.3
  • 27
    • 0036342394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein and incident coronary heart disease in the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study
    • Folsom AR, Aleksic N, Catellier D, Juneja HS, Wu KK. C-reactive protein and incident coronary heart disease in the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study. Am Heart J 2002;144:233-8.
    • (2002) Am Heart J , vol.144 , pp. 233-238
    • Folsom, A.R.1    Aleksic, N.2    Catellier, D.3    Juneja, H.S.4    Wu, K.K.5
  • 28
    • 0032566401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of C-reactive protein and the risk of future cardiovascular events among apparently healthy women
    • Ridker PM, Buring JE, Shih J, Matias M, Hennekens CH. Prospective study of C-reactive protein and the risk of future cardiovascular events among apparently healthy women. Circulation 1998;98:731-3.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 731-733
    • Ridker, P.M.1    Buring, J.E.2    Shih, J.3    Matias, M.4    Hennekens, C.H.5
  • 29
    • 0032501991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma concentration of C-reactive protein and risk of developing peripheral vascular disease
    • Ridker PM, Cushman M, Stampfer MJ, Tracy RP, Hennekens CH. Plasma concentration of C-reactive protein and risk of developing peripheral vascular disease. Circulation 1998;97:425-8.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.97 , pp. 425-428
    • Ridker, P.M.1    Cushman, M.2    Stampfer, M.J.3    Tracy, R.P.4    Hennekens, C.H.5
  • 30
    • 0034704893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women
    • Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, Buring JE, Rifai N. C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women. N Engl J Med 2000;342:836-43.
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.342 , pp. 836-843
    • Ridker, P.M.1    Hennekens, C.H.2    Buring, J.E.3    Rifai, N.4
  • 31
    • 50949094184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein and coronary artery calcium in asymptomatic women with systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis
    • Kao AH, Wasko MC, Krishnaswami S et al. C-reactive protein and coronary artery calcium in asymptomatic women with systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Cardiol 2008;102:755-60.
    • (2008) Am J Cardiol , vol.102 , pp. 755-760
    • Kao, A.H.1    Wasko, M.C.2    Krishnaswami, S.3
  • 32
    • 57349197147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus in a multiethnic U.S. cohort (LUMINA): The value of high sensitivity C-reactive protein as a marker of disease activity and damage
    • Bertoli AM, Vila LM, Reveill JD, Alarcon GS. Systemic lupus erythematosus in a multiethnic U.S. cohort (LUMINA): The value of high sensitivity C-reactive protein as a marker of disease activity and damage. J Rheumatol 2008;35:2355-8.
    • (2008) J Rheumatol , vol.35 , pp. 2355-2358
    • Bertoli, A.M.1    Vila, L.M.2    Reveill, J.D.3    Alarcon, G.S.4
  • 33
    • 48949118186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-sensitivity c-reactive protein as an associate of clinical subsets and organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Lee SS, Singh S, Link K, Petri M. High-sensitivity c-reactive protein as an associate of clinical subsets and organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2008;38:54.
    • (2008) Semin Arthritis Rheum , vol.38 , pp. 54
    • Lee, S.S.1    Singh, S.2    Link, K.3    Petri, M.4
  • 34
    • 0043075885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased thrombosis after arterial injury in human C-reactive protein-transgenic mice
    • Danenberg HD, Szalai AJ, Swaminathan RV et al. Increased thrombosis after arterial injury in human C-reactive protein-transgenic mice. Circulation 2003;108:512-15.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.108 , pp. 512-515
    • Danenberg, H.D.1    Szalai, A.J.2    Swaminathan, R.V.3
  • 35
    • 1042301971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
    • Paul A, Ko KWS, Li L et al. C-reactive protein accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Circulation 2004;109:647-55.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.109 , pp. 647-655
    • Paul, A.1    Ko, K.W.S.2    Li, L.3
  • 36
    • 34447558298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymmetric dimethylarginine is a marker of poor prognosis and coronary calcium in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Kiani AN, Mahoney JA, Petri M. Asymmetric dimethylarginine is a marker of poor prognosis and coronary calcium in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 2007;34:1502-5.
    • (2007) J Rheumatol , vol.34 , pp. 1502-1505
    • Kiani, A.N.1    Mahoney, J.A.2    Petri, M.3
  • 37
    • 67650041594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Markers of inflammation, thrombosis and endothelial activation correlate with carotid IMT regression in stable coronary disease after atorvastatin treatment
    • Advance Access published January 24, doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2008.10.003
    • Baldassarre D, Porta B, Camera M et al. Markers of inflammation, thrombosis and endothelial activation correlate with carotid IMT regression in stable coronary disease after atorvastatin treatment. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. Advance Access published January 24, 2009, doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2008.10.003.
    • (2009) Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
    • Baldassarre, D.1    Porta, B.2    Camera, M.3
  • 38
    • 62649135518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and cardiovascular risk
    • Consuegra-Sanchez L, Fredericks S, Kaski JC. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and cardiovascular risk. Atherosclerosis. 2009;203:346-52.
    • (2009) Atherosclerosis , vol.203 , pp. 346-352
    • Consuegra-Sanchez, L.1    Fredericks, S.2    Kaski, J.C.3
  • 39
    • 54049117683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel cardiovascular risk factors in premature coronary atherosclerosis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Rho YH, Chung CP, Oeser A et al. Novel cardiovascular risk factors in premature coronary atherosclerosis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 2008;35:1789-94.
    • (2008) J Rheumatol , vol.35 , pp. 1789-1794
    • Rho, Y.H.1    Chung, C.P.2    Oeser, A.3
  • 40
    • 34147108301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The levels of sCD30 and of sCD40L in a group of patients with systemic lupus erythematodes and their diagnostic value
    • Ciferska H, Horak P, Hermanova Z et al. The levels of sCD30 and of sCD40L in a group of patients with systemic lupus erythematodes and their diagnostic value. Clin Rheumatol 2007;26:723-8.
    • (2007) Clin Rheumatol , vol.26 , pp. 723-728
    • Ciferska, H.1    Horak, P.2    Hermanova, Z.3
  • 41
    • 33847074960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accelerated damage accrual among men with systemic lupus erythematosus: XLIV. Results from a multiethnic US cohort
    • Andrade RM, Alarcon GS, Fernandez M, Apte M, Vila LM, Reveille JD. Accelerated damage accrual among men with systemic lupus erythematosus: XLIV. Results from a multiethnic US cohort. Arthritis Rheum 2007;56:622-30.
    • (2007) Arthritis Rheum , vol.56 , pp. 622-630
    • Andrade, R.M.1    Alarcon, G.S.2    Fernandez, M.3    Apte, M.4    Vila, L.M.5    Reveille, J.D.6
  • 42
    • 30644472966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male systemic lupus erythematosus in a Latin-American inception cohort of 1214 patients
    • Garcia MA, Marcos JC, Marcos AI et al. Male systemic lupus erythematosus in a Latin-American inception cohort of 1214 patients. Lupus 2005;14:938-46.
    • (2005) Lupus , vol.14 , pp. 938-946
    • Garcia, M.A.1    Marcos, J.C.2    Marcos, A.I.3
  • 43
    • 33646487609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus in a multiethnic US cohort. XXXIII. Clinical [corrected] features, course, and outcome in patients with late-onset disease
    • Bertoli AM, Alarcon GS, Calvo-Alen J, Fernandez M, Vila LM, Reveille JD. Systemic lupus erythematosus in a multiethnic US cohort. XXXIII. Clinical [corrected] features, course, and outcome in patients with late-onset disease. Arthritis Rheum 2006;54:1580-7.
    • (2006) Arthritis Rheum , vol.54 , pp. 1580-1587
    • Bertoli, A.M.1    Alarcon, G.S.2    Calvo-Alen, J.3    Fernandez, M.4    Vila, L.M.5    Reveille, J.D.6
  • 44
    • 0347922145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Premature coronary-artery atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Asanuma Y, Oeser A, Shintani AK et al. Premature coronary-artery atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med 2003;349:2407-15.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.349 , pp. 2407-2415
    • Asanuma, Y.1    Oeser, A.2    Shintani, A.K.3
  • 45
    • 0028300241 scopus 로고
    • Effect of prednisone and hydroxychloroquine on coronary artery disease risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus: A longitudinal data analysis
    • Petri M, Lakatta C, Magder L, Goldman D. Effect of prednisone and hydroxychloroquine on coronary artery disease risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus: A longitudinal data analysis. Am J Med 1994;96:254-9.
    • (1994) Am J Med , vol.96 , pp. 254-259
    • Petri, M.1    Lakatta, C.2    Magder, L.3    Goldman, D.4
  • 46
    • 19644401171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Taking glucocorticoids by prescription is associated with subsequent cardiovascular disease
    • Wei L, MacDonald TM, Walker BR. Taking glucocorticoids by prescription is associated with subsequent cardiovascular disease. Ann Intern Med 2004; 141:764-70.
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.141 , pp. 764-770
    • Wei, L.1    MacDonald, T.M.2    Walker, B.R.3
  • 47
    • 34548190213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hydroxychloroquine in the survival of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Data from LUMINA, a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA L)
    • Alarcon GS, McGwin G Jr, Bertoli AM et al. Effect of hydroxychloroquine in the survival of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Data from LUMINA, a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA L). Ann Rheum Dis 2007;66:1168-72.
    • (2007) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.66 , pp. 1168-1172
    • Alarcon, G.S.1    McGwin Jr, G.2    Bertoli, A.M.3
  • 48
    • 34948823831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular elasticity of systemic lupus erythematosus patients is associated with steroids and hydroxychloroquine treatment
    • Tanay A, Leibovitz E, Frayman A, Zimlichman R, Shargorodsky M, Gavish D. Vascular elasticity of systemic lupus erythematosus patients is associated with steroids and hydroxychloroquine treatment. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007;1108:24-34.
    • (2007) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1108 , pp. 24-34
    • Tanay, A.1    Leibovitz, E.2    Frayman, A.3    Zimlichman, R.4    Shargorodsky, M.5    Gavish, D.6
  • 49
    • 0031910205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxychloroquine: Past, present, future
    • Petri M. Hydroxychloroquine: Past, present, future. Lupus 1998;7:65-67.
    • (1998) Lupus , vol.7 , pp. 65-67
    • Petri, M.1
  • 50
    • 0028010721 scopus 로고
    • Antimalarial agents and lupus
    • Wallace DJ. Antimalarial agents and lupus. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1994;20: 243-63.
    • (1994) Rheum Dis Clin North Am , vol.20 , pp. 243-263
    • Wallace, D.J.1
  • 51
    • 36549042926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart failure in the twenty-first century: Is it a coronary artery disease or hypertension problem?
    • Velagaleti RS, Vasan RS. Heart failure in the twenty-first century: Is it a coronary artery disease or hypertension problem? Cardiol Clin 2007;25:487-95.
    • (2007) Cardiol Clin , vol.25 , pp. 487-495
    • Velagaleti, R.S.1    Vasan, R.S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.