메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 104, Issue , 2014, Pages 287-327

Clouds and precipitation in tropical cyclones

(1)  Houze, Robert A a  

a NONE

Author keywords

Convective burst; Cyclogenesis; Eye; Eyewall; Eyewall replacement; Hurricane; Rainband; Secondary circulation; Secondary eyewall; Spiral rainband; Tropical; Tropical cyclone; Typhoon; Vortex

Indexed keywords


EID: 84903936887     PISSN: 00746142     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-374266-7.00010-X     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (9)

References (99)
  • 3
    • 0020969818 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale and convective structure of a hurricane rainband
    • Barnes G.M., Zipser E.J., Jorgensen D., Marks F.D. Mesoscale and convective structure of a hurricane rainband. J. Atmos. Sci. 1983, 40:2125-2137.
    • (1983) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.40 , pp. 2125-2137
    • Barnes, G.M.1    Zipser, E.J.2    Jorgensen, D.3    Marks, F.D.4
  • 4
    • 0022830684 scopus 로고
    • Observations of the distribution of ice in hurricanes
    • Black R.A., Hallett J. Observations of the distribution of ice in hurricanes. J. Atmos. Sci. 1986, 43:802-822.
    • (1986) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.43 , pp. 802-822
    • Black, R.A.1    Hallett, J.2
  • 5
    • 0032717721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrification of the hurricane
    • Black R.A., Hallett J. Electrification of the hurricane. J. Atmos. Sci. 1999, 56:2004-2028.
    • (1999) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 2004-2028
    • Black, R.A.1    Hallett, J.2
  • 6
    • 0030449116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertical motion characteristics of tropical cyclones determined with airborne Doppler radial velocities
    • Black M.L., Burpee R.W., Marks F.D. Vertical motion characteristics of tropical cyclones determined with airborne Doppler radial velocities. J. Atmos. Sci. 1996, 53:1887-1909.
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 1887-1909
    • Black, M.L.1    Burpee, R.W.2    Marks, F.D.3
  • 7
    • 0036734721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eastern Pacific Hurricanes Jimena of 1991 and Olivia of 1994: the effect of vertical shear on structure and intensity
    • Black M.L., Gamache J.F., Marks F.D., Samsury C.E., Willoughby H.E. Eastern Pacific Hurricanes Jimena of 1991 and Olivia of 1994: the effect of vertical shear on structure and intensity. Mon. Weather Rev. 2002, 130:2291-2312.
    • (2002) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.130 , pp. 2291-2312
    • Black, M.L.1    Gamache, J.F.2    Marks, F.D.3    Samsury, C.E.4    Willoughby, H.E.5
  • 8
    • 0033923934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conditional instability and shear for six hurricanes over the Atlantic Ocean
    • Bogner P.B., Barnes G.M., Franklin J.L. Conditional instability and shear for six hurricanes over the Atlantic Ocean. Weather Forecast. 2000, 15:192-207.
    • (2000) Weather Forecast. , vol.15 , pp. 192-207
    • Bogner, P.B.1    Barnes, G.M.2    Franklin, J.L.3
  • 9
    • 0036612047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cloud-resolving simulation of Hurricane Bob (1991): storm structure and eyewall buoyancy
    • Braun S.A. A cloud-resolving simulation of Hurricane Bob (1991): storm structure and eyewall buoyancy. Mon. Weather Rev. 2002, 130:1573-1592.
    • (2002) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.130 , pp. 1573-1592
    • Braun, S.A.1
  • 10
    • 31944452259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-resolution simulation of Hurricane Bonnie (1998). Part II: water budget
    • Braun S.A. High-resolution simulation of Hurricane Bonnie (1998). Part II: water budget. J. Atmos. Sci. 2006, 63:43-64.
    • (2006) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.63 , pp. 43-64
    • Braun, S.A.1
  • 11
    • 65549155387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of near-surface, high-entropy air in hurricane eyes on maximum hurricane intensity
    • Bryan G.H., Rotunno R. The influence of near-surface, high-entropy air in hurricane eyes on maximum hurricane intensity. J. Atmos. Sci. 2009, 66:148-158.
    • (2009) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.66 , pp. 148-158
    • Bryan, G.H.1    Rotunno, R.2
  • 12
    • 0038336458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Typhoon Vamei: an equatorial tropical cyclone formation
    • Chang C.-P., Liu C.-H., Kuo H.-C. Typhoon Vamei: an equatorial tropical cyclone formation. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2003, 30:1150-1153. 10.1029/2002GL016365.
    • (2003) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.30 , pp. 1150-1153
    • Chang, C.-P.1    Liu, C.-H.2    Kuo, H.-C.3
  • 13
    • 0035418485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spiral bands in a simulated hurricane. Part I: Vortex Rossby wave verification
    • Chen Y., Yau M.K. Spiral bands in a simulated hurricane. Part I: Vortex Rossby wave verification. J. Atmos. Sci. 2001, 58:2128-2145.
    • (2001) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 2128-2145
    • Chen, Y.1    Yau, M.K.2
  • 14
    • 0037594049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spiral bands in a simulated hurricane. Part II: wave activity diagnostics
    • Chen Y., Brunet G., Yau M.K. Spiral bands in a simulated hurricane. Part II: wave activity diagnostics. J. Atmos. Sci. 2003, 60:1239-1256.
    • (2003) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.60 , pp. 1239-1256
    • Chen, Y.1    Brunet, G.2    Yau, M.K.3
  • 15
    • 33845429580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of vertical wind shear and storm motion on tropical cyclone rainfall asymmetries deduced from TRMM
    • Chen S.S., Knaff J.A., Marks F.D. Effects of vertical wind shear and storm motion on tropical cyclone rainfall asymmetries deduced from TRMM. Mon. Weather Rev. 2006, 134:3190-3208.
    • (2006) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.134 , pp. 3190-3208
    • Chen, S.S.1    Knaff, J.A.2    Marks, F.D.3
  • 16
    • 0033925148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface observations in the hurricane environment
    • Cione J.J., Black P.G., Houston S.H. Surface observations in the hurricane environment. Mon. Weather Rev. 2000, 128:1550-1561.
    • (2000) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.128 , pp. 1550-1561
    • Cione, J.J.1    Black, P.G.2    Houston, S.H.3
  • 17
    • 33845437156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The structure and evolution of Hurricane Elena (1985). Part II: convective asymmetries and evidence for vortex Rossby waves
    • Corbosiero K.L., Molinari J., Aiyyer A.R., Black M.L. The structure and evolution of Hurricane Elena (1985). Part II: convective asymmetries and evidence for vortex Rossby waves. Mon. Weather Rev. 2006, 134:3073-3091.
    • (2006) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.134 , pp. 3073-3091
    • Corbosiero, K.L.1    Molinari, J.2    Aiyyer, A.R.3    Black, M.L.4
  • 19
    • 0035298064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A tropical cyclone genesis parameter for the Atlantic
    • DeMaria M., Knaff J.A., Connell B.H. A tropical cyclone genesis parameter for the Atlantic. Weather Forecast. 2001, 16:219-233.
    • (2001) Weather Forecast. , vol.16 , pp. 219-233
    • DeMaria, M.1    Knaff, J.A.2    Connell, B.H.3
  • 20
    • 70449108896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convective-scale downdrafts in the principal rainband of Hurricane Katrina (2005)
    • Didlake A.C., Houze R.A. Convective-scale downdrafts in the principal rainband of Hurricane Katrina (2005). Mon. Weather Rev. 2009, 137:3269-3293.
    • (2009) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.137 , pp. 3269-3293
    • Didlake, A.C.1    Houze, R.A.2
  • 21
    • 31344443513 scopus 로고
    • The importance of vertical motion in the development of tropical revolving storms
    • Durst C.S., Sutcliffe R.C. The importance of vertical motion in the development of tropical revolving storms. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 1938, 64:75-84.
    • (1938) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.64 , pp. 75-84
    • Durst, C.S.1    Sutcliffe, R.C.2
  • 22
    • 0022848067 scopus 로고
    • An air-sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. Part I: steady-state maintenance
    • Emanuel K.A. An air-sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. Part I: steady-state maintenance. J. Atmos. Sci. 1986, 43:585-604.
    • (1986) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.43 , pp. 585-604
    • Emanuel, K.A.1
  • 23
    • 0023525281 scopus 로고
    • The dependence of hurricane intensity on climate
    • Emanuel K.A. The dependence of hurricane intensity on climate. Nature 1987, 326:483-485.
    • (1987) Nature , vol.326 , pp. 483-485
    • Emanuel, K.A.1
  • 24
    • 0026003464 scopus 로고
    • The theory of hurricanes
    • Emanuel K.A. The theory of hurricanes. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 1991, 23:179-196.
    • (1991) Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. , vol.23 , pp. 179-196
    • Emanuel, K.A.1
  • 25
    • 0029520664 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of tropical cyclones to surface exchange coefficients and a revised steady-state model incorporating eye dynamics
    • Emanuel K.A. Sensitivity of tropical cyclones to surface exchange coefficients and a revised steady-state model incorporating eye dynamics. J. Atmos. Sci. 1995, 52:3969-3976.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.52 , pp. 3969-3976
    • Emanuel, K.A.1
  • 26
    • 0031474703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some aspects of hurricane inner-core dynamics and energetics
    • Emanuel K.A. Some aspects of hurricane inner-core dynamics and energetics. J. Atmos. Sci. 1997, 54:1014-1126.
    • (1997) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 1014-1126
    • Emanuel, K.A.1
  • 27
    • 81555213077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-stratification of tropical cyclone outflow. Part I: implications for storm structure
    • Emanuel K., Rotunno R. Self-stratification of tropical cyclone outflow. Part I: implications for storm structure. J. Atmos. Sci. 2011, 68:2236-2249.
    • (2011) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.68 , pp. 2236-2249
    • Emanuel, K.1    Rotunno, R.2
  • 28
    • 0001111812 scopus 로고
    • The structure and energetics of the tropical cyclone. Part I: storm structure
    • Frank W.M. The structure and energetics of the tropical cyclone. Part I: storm structure. Mon. Weather Rev. 1977, 105:1119-1135.
    • (1977) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.105 , pp. 1119-1135
    • Frank, W.M.1
  • 29
    • 0013767868 scopus 로고
    • The kinematic structure of hurricane Gloria (1985) determined from nested analyses of dropwindsonde and Doppler radar data
    • Franklin J.L., Lord S.J., Feuer S.E., Marks F.D. The kinematic structure of hurricane Gloria (1985) determined from nested analyses of dropwindsonde and Doppler radar data. Mon. Weather Rev. 1993, 121:2433-2451.
    • (1993) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.121 , pp. 2433-2451
    • Franklin, J.L.1    Lord, S.J.2    Feuer, S.E.3    Marks, F.D.4
  • 30
    • 0242524075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GPS dropwindsonde profiles in hurricanes and their operational implications
    • Franklin J.L., Black M.L., Valde K. GPS dropwindsonde profiles in hurricanes and their operational implications. Weather Forecast. 2003, 18:32-44.
    • (2003) Weather Forecast. , vol.18 , pp. 32-44
    • Franklin, J.L.1    Black, M.L.2    Valde, K.3
  • 31
    • 0042795177 scopus 로고
    • Satellite and Mesometeorology Res. Pap. No. 156, Department of Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago
    • Fujita T.T. Manual of Downburst Identification for Project NIMROD 1978, 104. Satellite and Mesometeorology Res. Pap. No. 156, Department of Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago.
    • (1978) Manual of Downburst Identification for Project NIMROD , pp. 104
    • Fujita, T.T.1
  • 32
    • 0000980508 scopus 로고
    • Global view of the origin of tropical disturbances and storms
    • Gray W.M. Global view of the origin of tropical disturbances and storms. Mon. Weather Rev. 1968, 96:669-700.
    • (1968) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.96 , pp. 669-700
    • Gray, W.M.1
  • 33
    • 0001233080 scopus 로고
    • Hurricanes: their formation, structure, and likely role in the tropical circulation
    • Royal Meteorological Society, D.B. Shaw (Ed.)
    • Gray W.M. Hurricanes: their formation, structure, and likely role in the tropical circulation. Meteorology Over the Tropical Oceans 1979, 155-218. Royal Meteorological Society. D.B. Shaw (Ed.).
    • (1979) Meteorology Over the Tropical Oceans , pp. 155-218
    • Gray, W.M.1
  • 34
    • 79959669273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mean state of axisymmetric hurricanes in statistical equilibrium
    • Hakim G.J. The mean state of axisymmetric hurricanes in statistical equilibrium. J. Atmos. Sci. 2011, 68:1364-1376.
    • (2011) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.68 , pp. 1364-1376
    • Hakim, G.J.1
  • 35
    • 0002388972 scopus 로고
    • The height of tropical cyclones and the eye of the storm
    • Haurwitz B. The height of tropical cyclones and the eye of the storm. Mon. Weather Rev. 1935, 63:45-49.
    • (1935) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.63 , pp. 45-49
    • Haurwitz, B.1
  • 36
    • 0000952194 scopus 로고
    • The structure of a small, intense hurricane-Inez 1966
    • Hawkins H.F., Imbembo S.M. The structure of a small, intense hurricane-Inez 1966. Mon. Weather Rev. 1976, 104:418-442.
    • (1976) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.104 , pp. 418-442
    • Hawkins, H.F.1    Imbembo, S.M.2
  • 37
    • 68049097275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinematic structure of convective-scale elements in the rainbands of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (2005)
    • D15108
    • Hence D.A., Houze R.A. Kinematic structure of convective-scale elements in the rainbands of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (2005). J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113. D15108. 10.1029/2007JD009429.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Hence, D.A.1    Houze, R.A.2
  • 38
    • 3042778358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the role of "vortical" hot towers in formation of tropical cyclone Diana (1984)
    • Hendricks E.A., Montgomery M.T., Davis C.A. On the role of "vortical" hot towers in formation of tropical cyclone Diana (1984). J. Atmos. Sci. 2004, 61:1209-1232.
    • (2004) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.61 , pp. 1209-1232
    • Hendricks, E.A.1    Montgomery, M.T.2    Davis, C.A.3
  • 40
    • 0000216410 scopus 로고
    • Cloud clusters and large-scale vertical motions in the tropics
    • Houze R.A. Cloud clusters and large-scale vertical motions in the tropics. J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. 1982, 60:396-410.
    • (1982) J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. , vol.60 , pp. 396-410
    • Houze, R.A.1
  • 41
    • 77953188770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clouds in tropical cyclones
    • Houze R.A. Clouds in tropical cyclones. Mon. Weather Rev. 2010, 138:293-344.
    • (2010) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.138 , pp. 293-344
    • Houze, R.A.1
  • 42
    • 0027009230 scopus 로고
    • Dual-aircraft investigation of the inner core of Hurricane Norbert. Part II: mesoscale distribution of ice particles
    • Houze R.A., Marks F.D., Black R.A. Dual-aircraft investigation of the inner core of Hurricane Norbert. Part II: mesoscale distribution of ice particles. J. Atmos. Sci. 1992, 49:943-962.
    • (1992) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.49 , pp. 943-962
    • Houze, R.A.1    Marks, F.D.2    Black, R.A.3
  • 45
    • 70350784291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convective contribution to the genesis of Hurricane Ophelia, 2005
    • Houze R.A., Lee W.-C., Bell M.M. Convective contribution to the genesis of Hurricane Ophelia, 2005. Mon. Weather Rev. 2009, 137:2778-2800.
    • (2009) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.137 , pp. 2778-2800
    • Houze, R.A.1    Lee, W.-C.2    Bell, M.M.3
  • 47
    • 0002181746 scopus 로고
    • Mean soundings for the West Indies area
    • Jordan C.L. Mean soundings for the West Indies area. J. Meteorol. 1958, 15:91-97.
    • (1958) J. Meteorol. , vol.15 , pp. 91-97
    • Jordan, C.L.1
  • 48
    • 0021641068 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale and convective-scale characteristics of mature hurricanes. Part II: inner-core structure of Hurricane Allen (1980)
    • Jorgensen D.P. Mesoscale and convective-scale characteristics of mature hurricanes. Part II: inner-core structure of Hurricane Allen (1980). J. Atmos. Sci. 1984, 41:1287-1311.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 1287-1311
    • Jorgensen, D.P.1
  • 49
    • 0000839610 scopus 로고
    • Mesovortex circulations seen by airborne Doppler radar within a bow-echo mesoscale convective system
    • Jorgensen D.P., Smull B.F. Mesovortex circulations seen by airborne Doppler radar within a bow-echo mesoscale convective system. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 1993, 74:2146-2157.
    • (1993) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.74 , pp. 2146-2157
    • Jorgensen, D.P.1    Smull, B.F.2
  • 51
    • 0035418486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesovortices, polygonal flow patterns, and rapid pressure falls in hurricane-like vortices
    • Kossin J.P., Schubert W.H. Mesovortices, polygonal flow patterns, and rapid pressure falls in hurricane-like vortices. J. Atmos. Sci. 2001, 58:2196-2209.
    • (2001) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 2196-2209
    • Kossin, J.P.1    Schubert, W.H.2
  • 54
    • 0027009943 scopus 로고
    • The evolution and structure of a "bow-echo-microburst" event. Part II: the bow echo
    • Lee W.-C., Wakimoto R.M., Carbone R.E. The evolution and structure of a "bow-echo-microburst" event. Part II: the bow echo. Mon. Weather Rev. 1992, 120:2211-2225.
    • (1992) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.120 , pp. 2211-2225
    • Lee, W.-C.1    Wakimoto, R.M.2    Carbone, R.E.3
  • 55
    • 0025587429 scopus 로고
    • Mean seasonal and spatial variability in global surface air temperature
    • Legates D.R., Willmott C.J. Mean seasonal and spatial variability in global surface air temperature. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 1990, 41:11-21.
    • (1990) Theor. Appl. Climatol. , vol.41 , pp. 11-21
    • Legates, D.R.1    Willmott, C.J.2
  • 56
    • 0021638949 scopus 로고
    • Role of parameterized ice-phase microphysics in an axisymmetric nonhydrostatic tropical cyclone model
    • Lord S.J., Willoughby H.E., Piotrowicz J.M. Role of parameterized ice-phase microphysics in an axisymmetric nonhydrostatic tropical cyclone model. J. Atmos. Sci. 1984, 41:2836-2848.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 2836-2848
    • Lord, S.J.1    Willoughby, H.E.2    Piotrowicz, J.M.3
  • 57
    • 0021641060 scopus 로고
    • Airborne Doppler radar observations in Hurricane Debby
    • Marks F.D., Houze R.A. Airborne Doppler radar observations in Hurricane Debby. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 1984, 65:569-582.
    • (1984) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.65 , pp. 569-582
    • Marks, F.D.1    Houze, R.A.2
  • 58
    • 0000752067 scopus 로고
    • Inner-core structure of Hurricane Alicia from airborne Doppler-radar observations
    • Marks F.D., Houze R.A. Inner-core structure of Hurricane Alicia from airborne Doppler-radar observations. J. Atmos. Sci. 1987, 44:1296-1317.
    • (1987) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.44 , pp. 1296-1317
    • Marks, F.D.1    Houze, R.A.2
  • 60
    • 0023344454 scopus 로고
    • Axisymmetrization and vorticity-gradient intensification of an isolated two-dimensional vortex through filamentation
    • Melander M.V., McWilliams J.D., Zabusky N.J. Axisymmetrization and vorticity-gradient intensification of an isolated two-dimensional vortex through filamentation. J. Fluid Mech. 1987, 178:137-159.
    • (1987) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.178 , pp. 137-159
    • Melander, M.V.1    McWilliams, J.D.2    Zabusky, N.J.3
  • 61
    • 0032744618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convective structure of hurricanes as revealed by lightning locations
    • Molinari J., Moore P., Idone V. Convective structure of hurricanes as revealed by lightning locations. Mon. Weather Rev. 1999, 127:520-534.
    • (1999) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.127 , pp. 520-534
    • Molinari, J.1    Moore, P.2    Idone, V.3
  • 62
    • 0033215906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical cyclogenesis via convectively forced vortex Rossby waves in a three-dimensional quasigeostrophic model
    • Montgomery M.T., Enagonio J. Tropical cyclogenesis via convectively forced vortex Rossby waves in a three-dimensional quasigeostrophic model. J. Atmos. Sci. 1998, 55:3176-3207.
    • (1998) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.55 , pp. 3176-3207
    • Montgomery, M.T.1    Enagonio, J.2
  • 63
    • 0031434821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A theory for vortex Rossby-waves and its application to spiral bands and intensity changes in hurricanes
    • Montgomery M.T., Kallenbach R.J. A theory for vortex Rossby-waves and its application to spiral bands and intensity changes in hurricanes. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 1997, 123:435-465.
    • (1997) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.123 , pp. 435-465
    • Montgomery, M.T.1    Kallenbach, R.J.2
  • 65
    • 0035515185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The wavenumber-one instability and trochoidal motion of hurricane-like vortices
    • Nolan D.S., Montgomery M.T., Grasso L.D. The wavenumber-one instability and trochoidal motion of hurricane-like vortices. J. Atmos. Sci. 2001, 58:3243-3270.
    • (2001) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 3243-3270
    • Nolan, D.S.1    Montgomery, M.T.2    Grasso, L.D.3
  • 69
    • 68249138404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabatically induced secondary flows in tropical cyclones. Part I: quasi-steady forcing
    • Pendergrass A.G., Willoughby H.E. Diabatically induced secondary flows in tropical cyclones. Part I: quasi-steady forcing. J. Atmos. Sci. 2009, 137:805-821.
    • (2009) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.137 , pp. 805-821
    • Pendergrass, A.G.1    Willoughby, H.E.2
  • 71
    • 0025657129 scopus 로고
    • Boundary layer structure and dynamics in outer hurricane rainbands. Part I: mesoscale rainfall and kinematic structure
    • Powell M.D. Boundary layer structure and dynamics in outer hurricane rainbands. Part I: mesoscale rainfall and kinematic structure. Mon. Weather Rev. 1990, 118:891-917.
    • (1990) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.118 , pp. 891-917
    • Powell, M.D.1
  • 72
    • 0025661308 scopus 로고
    • Boundary layer structure and dynamics in outer hurricane rainbands. Part II: downdraft modification and mixed layer recovery
    • Powell M.D. Boundary layer structure and dynamics in outer hurricane rainbands. Part II: downdraft modification and mixed layer recovery. Mon. Weather Rev. 1990, 118:918-938.
    • (1990) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.118 , pp. 918-938
    • Powell, M.D.1
  • 73
    • 0033927655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-wavenumber structure and evolution of the hurricane inner core observed by airborne dual-Doppler radar
    • Reasor P.D., Montgomery M.T., Marks F.D., Gamache J.F. Low-wavenumber structure and evolution of the hurricane inner core observed by airborne dual-Doppler radar. Mon. Weather Rev. 2000, 128:1653-1680.
    • (2000) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.128 , pp. 1653-1680
    • Reasor, P.D.1    Montgomery, M.T.2    Marks, F.D.3    Gamache, J.F.4
  • 74
    • 0001573518 scopus 로고
    • On the heat balance in the equatorial trough zone
    • Riehl H., Malkus J.S. On the heat balance in the equatorial trough zone. Geophysica 1958, 6:503-538.
    • (1958) Geophysica , vol.6 , pp. 503-538
    • Riehl, H.1    Malkus, J.S.2
  • 75
    • 0141571553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A numerical study of the impact of vertical shear on the distribution of rainfall in Hurricane Bonnie (1998)
    • Rogers R.F., Chen S.S., Tenerelli J.E., Willoughby H.E. A numerical study of the impact of vertical shear on the distribution of rainfall in Hurricane Bonnie (1998). Mon. Weather Rev. 2003, 131:1577-1599.
    • (2003) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.131 , pp. 1577-1599
    • Rogers, R.F.1    Chen, S.S.2    Tenerelli, J.E.3    Willoughby, H.E.4
  • 77
    • 0023524260 scopus 로고
    • An air-sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. Part II: an evolutionary study using a hydrostatic axisymmetric numerical model
    • Rotunno R., Emanuel K.A. An air-sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. Part II: an evolutionary study using a hydrostatic axisymmetric numerical model. J. Atmos. Sci. 1987, 44:543-561.
    • (1987) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.44 , pp. 543-561
    • Rotunno, R.1    Emanuel, K.A.2
  • 78
    • 20344408576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communicating damage potentials and minimizing hurricane damage
    • American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, (Chapter 7), R. Simpson (Ed.)
    • Saffir H.S. Communicating damage potentials and minimizing hurricane damage. Hurricane! Coping with Disaster 2003, 155-164. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, (Chapter 7). R. Simpson (Ed.).
    • (2003) Hurricane! Coping with Disaster , pp. 155-164
    • Saffir, H.S.1
  • 80
    • 0020969682 scopus 로고
    • The asymmetric boundary layer flow under a translating hurricane
    • Shapiro L.J. The asymmetric boundary layer flow under a translating hurricane. J. Atmos. Sci. 1983, 40:1984-1998.
    • (1983) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.40 , pp. 1984-1998
    • Shapiro, L.J.1
  • 81
    • 0020332208 scopus 로고
    • The response of balanced hurricanes to local sources of heat and momentum
    • Shapiro L.J., Willoughby H.E. The response of balanced hurricanes to local sources of heat and momentum. J. Atmos. Sci. 1982, 39:378-394.
    • (1982) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 378-394
    • Shapiro, L.J.1    Willoughby, H.E.2
  • 82
    • 84896794675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hurricane surveillance by specially instrumented aircraft
    • American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, (Chapter 3), R. Simpson (Ed.)
    • Sheets R.C. Hurricane surveillance by specially instrumented aircraft. Hurricane! Coping with Disaster 2003, 63-101. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, (Chapter 3). R. Simpson (Ed.).
    • (2003) Hurricane! Coping with Disaster , pp. 63-101
    • Sheets, R.C.1
  • 83
    • 44949174543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critique of Emanuel's hurricane model and potential intensity theory
    • Smith R.K., Montgomery M.T., Vogl S. A critique of Emanuel's hurricane model and potential intensity theory. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 2008, 134:551-561.
    • (2008) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.134 , pp. 551-561
    • Smith, R.K.1    Montgomery, M.T.2    Vogl, S.3
  • 84
    • 0022825825 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between satellite measured convective bursts and tropical cyclone intensification
    • Steranka J., Rodgers E.B., Gentry R.C. The relationship between satellite measured convective bursts and tropical cyclone intensification. Mon. Weather Rev. 1986, 114:1539-1546.
    • (1986) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.114 , pp. 1539-1546
    • Steranka, J.1    Rodgers, E.B.2    Gentry, R.C.3
  • 86
    • 50049126340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary eyewall formation in two idealized, full-physics modeled hurricanes
    • D12112
    • Terwey W.D., Montgomery M.T. Secondary eyewall formation in two idealized, full-physics modeled hurricanes. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113. D12112. 10.1029/2007JD008897.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Terwey, W.D.1    Montgomery, M.T.2
  • 87
    • 33750445631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High winds generated by bow echoes. Part I: overview of the Omaha bow echo 5 July 2003 storm during BAMEX
    • Wakimoto R.M., Murphey H.V., Nester A., Jorgensen D.P., Atkins N.T. High winds generated by bow echoes. Part I: overview of the Omaha bow echo 5 July 2003 storm during BAMEX. Mon. Weather Rev. 2006, 134:2793-2812.
    • (2006) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.134 , pp. 2793-2812
    • Wakimoto, R.M.1    Murphey, H.V.2    Nester, A.3    Jorgensen, D.P.4    Atkins, N.T.5
  • 88
    • 33750467990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High winds generated by bow echoes. Part II: the relationship between the mesovortices and damaging straight-line winds
    • Wakimoto R.M., Murphey H.V., Davis C.A., Atkins N.T. High winds generated by bow echoes. Part II: the relationship between the mesovortices and damaging straight-line winds. Mon. Weather Rev. 2006, 134:2813-2829.
    • (2006) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.134 , pp. 2813-2829
    • Wakimoto, R.M.1    Murphey, H.V.2    Davis, C.A.3    Atkins, N.T.4
  • 90
    • 0041819317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bow echoes: a tribute to T. T. Fujita
    • Weisman M.L. Bow echoes: a tribute to T. T. Fujita. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 2001, 82:97-116.
    • (2001) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.82 , pp. 97-116
    • Weisman, M.L.1
  • 91
    • 0024147835 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of the tropical hurricane core
    • Willoughby H.E. The dynamics of the tropical hurricane core. Aust. Meteorol. Mag. 1988, 36:183-191.
    • (1988) Aust. Meteorol. Mag. , vol.36 , pp. 183-191
    • Willoughby, H.E.1
  • 92
    • 0025625237 scopus 로고
    • Temporal changes of the primary circulation in tropical cyclones
    • Willoughby H.E. Temporal changes of the primary circulation in tropical cyclones. J. Atmos. Sci. 1990, 47:242-264.
    • (1990) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.47 , pp. 242-264
    • Willoughby, H.E.1
  • 93
    • 0032999098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical cyclone eye thermodynamics
    • Willoughby H.E. Tropical cyclone eye thermodynamics. Mon. Weather Rev. 1998, 126:3053-3067.
    • (1998) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.126 , pp. 3053-3067
    • Willoughby, H.E.1
  • 94
    • 68249149278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabatically induced secondary flows in tropical cyclones. Part II: periodic forcing
    • Willoughby H.E. Diabatically induced secondary flows in tropical cyclones. Part II: periodic forcing. J. Atmos. Sci. 2009, 137:822-835.
    • (2009) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.137 , pp. 822-835
    • Willoughby, H.E.1
  • 95
    • 0020332207 scopus 로고
    • Concentric eyes, secondary wind maxima, and the evolution of the hurricane vortex
    • Willoughby H.E., Clos J.A., Shoreibah M.G. Concentric eyes, secondary wind maxima, and the evolution of the hurricane vortex. J. Atmos. Sci. 1982, 39:395-411.
    • (1982) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 395-411
    • Willoughby, H.E.1    Clos, J.A.2    Shoreibah, M.G.3
  • 96
    • 0021641010 scopus 로고
    • Hurricane structure and evolution as simulated by an axisymmetric nonhydrostatic numerical model
    • Willoughby H.E., Lin H.-L., Lord S.J., Piotrowicz J.M. Hurricane structure and evolution as simulated by an axisymmetric nonhydrostatic numerical model. J. Atmos. Sci. 1984, 41:1169-1186.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 1169-1186
    • Willoughby, H.E.1    Lin, H.-L.2    Lord, S.J.3    Piotrowicz, J.M.4
  • 97
    • 0021639136 scopus 로고
    • Stationary and propagating convective bands in asymmetric hurricanes
    • Willoughby H.E., Marks F.D., Feinberg R.J. Stationary and propagating convective bands in asymmetric hurricanes. J. Atmos. Sci. 1984, 41:3189-3211.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 3189-3211
    • Willoughby, H.E.1    Marks, F.D.2    Feinberg, R.J.3
  • 99
    • 2442595535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some views on "hot towers" after 50 years of tropical field programs and two years of TRMM data
    • Zipser E.J. Some views on "hot towers" after 50 years of tropical field programs and two years of TRMM data. Meteorol. Monogr. 2003, 51:49-58.
    • (2003) Meteorol. Monogr. , vol.51 , pp. 49-58
    • Zipser, E.J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.