Biosynthesis of natural rubber (NR) in different rubber-producing species

Chemistry, Manufacture and Applications of Natural Rubber

Volumn , Issue , 2014, Pages 3-29

  Cornish, K ^a  

^a OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Biochemistry; Initiator; Monomer; Natural rubber; Polyisoprene; Polymer

Indexed keywords

BIOCHEMISTRY; BIOSYNTHESIS; CROPS; INITIATORS (EXPLOSIVES); MONOMERS; POLYISOPRENES; POLYMERS;

BURGEONING ECONOMIES; CHINA AND INDIA; RUBBER BIOSYNTHESIS; RUBBER MATERIAL; RUBBER PRODUCING CROPS; RUBBER PRODUCTION;

RUBBER;

EID: 84903097286     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1533/9780857096913.1.3     Document Type: Chapter

References (68)

1. Apfel C.M., Takács B., Fountoulakis M., Stieger M., Keck W. Use of genomics to identify bacterial undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthetase: cloning, expression, and characterization of the essential uppS gene. Journal of Bacteriology 1999, 181:483-492.
2. Archer B.L., Audley B.G. Biosynthesis of rubber. Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology 1967, 29:221-257.
3. Archer B.L., Audley B.G. New aspects of rubber biosynthesis. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 1987, 94:181-196.
4. Backhaus R.A., Walsh S. The ontogeny of rubber formation in guayule, Parthenium argentatum Gray. Botanical Gazette 1983, 144:391-400.
5. Benedict C.R., Madhavan S., Greenblatt G.A., Venkatachalam K.V., Foster M.A. The enzymatic synthesis of rubber polymer in Parthenium argentatum Gray. Plant Physiology 1990, 92:816-821.
6. Benedict C.R., Goss R., Foster M.A., Greer P.J. The formation of rubber particles in developing cortical parenchyma of Parthenium argentatum plants exposed to the low temperatures of fall and winter of the Chihuahuan Desert. Industrial Crops and Products 2009, 30:403-406.
7. Breinig S., Kervinen J., Stith L., Wasson A.S., Fairman R., Wlodawer A., Zdanov A., Jaffe E.K. Control of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis by alternate quaternary forms of porphobilinogen synthase. Nature Structural Biology 2003, 10:757-763.
8. Castillón J., Cornish K. Regulation of initiation and polymer molecular weight of cis-1,4-polyisoprene synthesized in vitro by particles isolated from Parthenium argentatum (Gray). Phytochemistry 1999, 51:43-51.
9. Chen A.P.C., Chang S.-Y., Lin Y.-C., Sun Y.-S., Chen C.-T., Wang A.H.-J., Liang P.-H. Substrate and product specificities of cis-type undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthase. The Biochemical Journal 2005, 386:169-176.
10. Chiang C.C.K., Heidenreich A.J., Xie W.S., McMahan C.M., Puskas J.E. Investigation of the composition and growth of in vitro natural rubber using high resolution size exclusion chromatography. Polymer Preprints 2009, 50:232-233.
11. Chiang C.C.K., Xie W.S., McMahan C., Puskas J.E. Unraveling the mystery of natural rubber biosynthesis. Part I: Investigation of the composition and growth of in vitro natural rubber using high resolution size exclusion chromatography. Rubber Chemistry and Technology 2011, 84:166-177.
12. Cornish K. The separate roles of plant cis and trans prenyl transferases in cis-1,4-polyisoprene biosynthesis. European Journal of Biochemistry 1993, 218:267-271.
13. Cornish K. Biochemistry of natural rubber, a vital raw material, emphasizing biosynthetic rate, molecular weight and compartmentalization, in evolutionarily divergent plant species. Natural Product Reports 2001, 18:182-227.
14. Cornish K. Similarities and differences in rubber biochemistry among plant species. Phytochemistry 2001, 57:1123-1134.
15. Cornish K. Assessment of the risk of Type I latex allergy sensitization or reaction during use of products made from latex derived from guayule and other alternate rubber-producing species. Rubber Science 2012, 25:139-155.
16. Cornish K., Backhaus R.A. Rubber transferase activity in rubber particles of guayule. Phytochemistry 1990, 29:3809-3813.
17. Cornish K., Backhaus R.A. Induction of rubber transferase activity in guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) by low temperatures. Industrial Crops and Products 2003, 17:83-92.
18. Cornish K., Scott D.J. Biochemical regulation of rubber biosynthesis in guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray). Industrial Crops and Products 2005, 22:49-58.
19. Cornish K., Siler D.J. Effect of different allylic diphosphates on the initiation of new rubber molecules and on cis-1,4-polyisoprene biosynthesis in guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray). Journal of Plant Physiology 1995, 147:301-305.
20. Cornish K., Siler D.J. Characterization of cis-prenyl transferase activity localised in a buoyant fraction of rubber particles from Ficus elastica latex. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 1996, 34:377-384.
21. Cornish K., Xie W. Natural rubber biosynthesis in plants: rubber transferase. Methods in Enzymology 2012, 515:63-82.
22. Cornish K., Siler D.J., Grosjean O.K., Goodman N. Fundamental similarities in rubber particle architecture and function in three evolutionarily divergent plant species. Journal of Natural Rubber Research 1993, 8:275-285.
23. Cornish K., Wood D.F., Windle J.J. Rubber particles from four different species, examined by transmission electron microscopy and electron-paramagnetic-resonance spin labeling, are found to consist of a homogeneous rubber core enclosed by a contiguous, monolayer biomembrane. Planta 1999, 210:85-96.
24. Cornish K., Castillón J., Scott D.J. Rubber molecular weight regulation, in vitro, in plant species that produce high and low molecular weights in vivo. Biomacromolecules 2000, 1:632-641.
25. Cornish K., Xie W., Slutsky J.L., Kamenik R.S., Ohlemacher C.J., Kostyal D., Collins-Silva J., Shintani D.K., Kleinhenz M., Michel F., Hamilton R.G. Alternative natural rubber sources to Hevea natural rubber - quality and allergenicity 2012, Cincinnati, Ohio, 9-11 October.
26. Cunillera N. Characterization of dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase of Arabidopsis thaliana, a key enzyme in dolichol biosynthesis. FEBS Letters 2000, 477:170-174.
27. Da Costa B.M.T., Keasling J.D., Cornish K. Regulation of rubber biosynthetic rate and molecular weight in Hevea brasiliensis by metal cofactor. Biomacromolecules 2005, 6:279-289.
28. Da Costa B.M.T., Keasling J.D., McMahan C.M., Cornish K. Magnesium ion regulation of in vitro rubber biosynthesis by Parthenium argentatum Gray. Phytochemistry 2006, 67:1621-1628.
29. DeGraw A.J., Zhao Z.B., Strickland C.L., Taban A.H., Hsieh J., Jefferies M., Xie W.S., Shintani D.K., McMahan C.M., Cornish K., Distefano M.D. A photoactive isoprenoid diphosphate analogue containing a stable phosphonate linkage: synthesis and biochemical studies with prenyltransferases. Journal of Organic Chemistry 2007, 72:4587-4595.
30. Espy S.C., Keasling J.D., Castillón J., Cornish K. Initiator-independent and initiator-dependent rubber blosynthesis in Ficus elastica. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 2006, 448:13-22.
31. Finlay M.R. Growing American Rubber 2013, Rutgers University Press, Piscataway, NJ.
32. Forestier T., Pasetto P., Peruch F., Deffieux A., Puskas J.E. Biomimetic processes II. Carbocationic polymerization of isopentenyl alcohol: a model for the synthesis of natural rubber?. Materials Science and Engineering C - Biomimetic and Supramolecular Systems 2009, 29:357-362.
33. Furtado E.L., Menten J.O.M., Passos J.R. South American leaf blight intensity evaluated in six clones of young and adult rubber trees in the Vale do Ribeira region, Sao Paulo state, Brazil. Tropical Plant Pathology 2008, 33:130-137.
34. Henry O., Lopez-Gallego F., Agger S.A., Schmidt-Dannert C., Sen S., Shintani D., Cornish K., Distefano M.D. A versatile photoactivatable probe designed to label the diphosphate binding site of farnesyl diphosphate utilizing enzymes. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry 2009, 17:4797-4805.
35. Ji W., Benedict C.R., Foster M.A. Seasonal variations in rubber biosynthesis, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme-A reductase, and rubber transferase in activities in Parthenium argentatum in the Chihuahuan desert. Plant Physiology 1993, 103:535-542.
36. Kang H.S., Kim Y.S., Chung G.C. Characterization of natural rubber biosynthesis in Ficus benghalensis. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2000, 38:979-987.
37. King M.W. The New Book of Knowledge 2003, Grolier Inc, Danbury. CT.
38. Kostjuk S.V., Ouardad S., Peruch F., Deffieux A., Absalon C., Puskas J.E., Ganachaud F. Carbocationic polymerization of isoprene co-initiated by B(C6F5) (3): an alternative route toward natural rubber polymer analogues?. Macromolecules 2011, 44:1372-1384.
39. Krishnakumar R., Cornish K., Jacob J. Rubber biosynthesis in tapping panel dryness affected Hevea trees. Journal of Rubber Research 2001, 4:131-139.
40. Kumar S., Hahn F.H., Baidooc E., Kahlon T.S., Wood D.F., McMahan C.M., Cornish K., Keasling J.D., Daniell H., Whalen M. Remodeling the isoprenoid pathway in tobacco by expressing the cytoplasmic mevalonate pathway in chloroplasts. Metabolic Engineering 2012, 14:19-28.
41. Laskovics F.M., Poulter C.D. Prenyltransferase: determination of the binding mechanism and individual kinetic constants for farnesylpyrophosphate synthetase by rapid quench and isotope partitioning experiments. Biochemistry 1981, 20:1893-1901.
42. Lichtenthaler H.K., Schwender J., Disch A., Rohmer M. Biosynthesis of isoprenoids in higher plant chloroplasts proceeds via a mevalonate-independent pathway. FEBS Letters 1997, 400:271-274.
43. Lieberei R. South American leaf blight of the rubber tree (Hevea spp.): new steps in plant domestication using physiological features and molecular markers. Annals of Botany 2007, 100:1125-1142.
44. Light D.R., Dennis M.S. Purification of a prenyltransferase that elongates cis-polyisoprene rubber from the latex of Hevea brasiliensis. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1989, 264:18589-18597.
45. Lindsay A., Li H.B., Puskas J.E. Toward understanding natural rubber (NR) biosynthesis: in situ FTIR monitoring of model systems. Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society 2008, 235.
46. Lu Y., Liu H., Liang P.H. Different reaction mechanisms for cis- and trans-prenyltransferases. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2009, 379:351-355.
47. Mekkriengkrai D., Sando T., Hirooka K., Sakdapipanich J., Tanaka Y., Fukusaki E., Kobayashi A. Cloning and characterization of farnesyl diphosphate synthase from the rubber-producing mushroom Lactarius chrysorrheus. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry 2004, 68:2360-2368.
48. Mooibroek H., Cornish K. Alternative sources of natural rubber. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 2000, 53:355-365.
49. Ohya N., Tanaka Y., Ogura K., Koyama T. Isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase activity in Lactarius mushrooms. Phytochemistry 1997, 46:1115-1118.
50. Ohya N., Takizawa J., Kawahara S., Tanaka Y. Molecular weight distribution of polyisoprene from Lactarius volemus. Phytochemistry 1998, 48:781-786.
51. Pan J.-J., Chiou S.-T., Liang P.-H. Product distribution and pre-steady-state kinetic analysis of Escherichia coli undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthase reaction. Biochemistry 2000, 39:10936-10942.
52. Post J., Van Deenen N., Fricke J., Kowalski N., Wurbs D., Schaller H., Eisenreich W., Huber C., Twyman R.C., Prufer D., Gronover C.S. Laticifer specific cis-prenyltransferase silencing affects the rubber, triterpene and inulin content of Taraxacum brevicorniculatum. Plant Physiology 2012, 158:1406-1417.
53. Puskas J.E. Practical applications of reaction-kinetics in rubber manufacturing. Polymer Materials Science and Engineering 1994, 71:95-96.
54. Puskas J.E., Wilds C. Kinetics of the epoxidation of butyl rubber - development of a high-precision analytical method for unsaturation measurement. Rubber Chemistry and Technology 1994, 67:329-341.
55. Puskas J.E., Gautriaud E., Deffieux A., Kennedy J.P. Natural rubber biosynthesis - a living carbocationic polymerization?. Progress in Polymer Science 2006, 31:533-548.
56. Rebl A., Anders E., Wimmers K. Characterization of dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase gene in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B 2009, 152:260-265.
57. Rocha A.C.S., Garcia D., Uetanabaro A.P.T., Carneiro R.T.O., Araujo I.S., Mattos C.R.R., Goes-Neto A. Foliar endophytic fungi from Hevea brasiliensis and their antagonism on Microcyclus ulei. Fungal Diversity 2011, 47:75-84.
58. Rohmer M., Knani M., Simonin P., Sutter B., Sahm H. Isoprenoid biosynthesis in bacteria - a novel pathway for the early steps leading to isopentenyl diphosphate. Biochemical Journal 1993, 295:517-524.
59. Schmidt T., Hillebrand A., Wurbs D., Wahler D., Lenders M., Gronover C.S., Prufer D. Molecular cloning and characterization of rubber biosynthetic genes from Taraxacum koksaghyz. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 2010, 28:277-284.
60. Schmidt T., Lenders M., Hillebrand A., Van Deenen N., Munt O., Reichelt R., Eisenreich W., Fischer R., Prufer D., Gronover C.S. Characterization of rubber particles and rubber chain elongation in Taraxacum koksaghyz. BMC Biochemistry 2010, 11:11.
61. Scott D.J., Da Costa B.M.T., Espy S.C., Keasling J.D., Cornish K. Activation and inhibition of rubber transferases by metal cofactors and pyrophosphate substrates. Phytochemistry 2003, 64:123-134.
62. Segel I.H. Enzyme Kinetics 1993, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
63. Siler D.J., Cornish K. Biochemical studies of cis-1,4-polyisoprene (natural rubber) biosynthesis in Parthenium Argentatum, a new source of hypoallergenic latex. Plant Physiology 1995, 108:42.
64. Siler D.J., Goodrich-tanrikulu M., Cornish K., Stafford A.E., McKeon T.A. Composition of rubber particles of Hevea brasiliensis, Parthenium argentatum, Ficus elastica, and Euphorbia lactiflua indicates unconventional surface structure. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 1997, 35:881-889.
65. Tarshis L.C., Proteau P.J., Kellogg B.A., Sacchettini J.C., Poulter C.D. Regulation of product chain length by isoprenyl diphosphate synthases. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1996, 93(26):15018-15023.
66. Walsh C. Enzyme-catalyzed alkylations involving prenyl-group transfer. Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms 1979, W.H. Freeman and Co, San Francisco, CA.
67. Wood D.F., Cornish K. Microstructure of purified rubber particles. International Journal of Plant Sciences 2000, 161:435-445.
68. Xie W., McMahan C.M., Degraw A.J., Distefano M.D., Cornish K., Whalen M.C., Shintani D.K. Initiation of rubber biosynthesis: in vitro comparisons of benzophenone-modified diphosphate analogues in three rubber-producing species. Phytochemistry 2008, 69:2539-2545.