Motivational and cognitive determinants of control during conflict processing

Cognition and Emotion

Volumn 28, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 1076-1089

  Soutschek, Alexander ^a,b   Strobach, Tilo ^b   Schubert, Torsten ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^b HUMBOLDT UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Conflict adaptation effect; Conflict expectancy effect; Conflict processing; Reward

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COGNITION; CONFLICT; CONFLICT ADAPTATION; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; EXPECTANCY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MENTAL PERFORMANCE; MOTIVATION; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPONSE TIME; REWARD; STROOP TEST; TASK PERFORMANCE; ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR; ANTICIPATION; REACTION TIME; SOCIAL CONTROL; YOUNG ADULT;

ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; ANTICIPATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; COGNITION; CONFLICT (PSYCHOLOGY); FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MOTIVATION; REACTION TIME; REWARD; SOCIAL CONTROL, INFORMAL; STROOP TEST; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84902824884     PISSN: 02699931     EISSN: 14640600     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2013.870134     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Aarts, H., Custers, R., & Veltkamp, M. (2008). Goal priming and the affective-motivational route to nonconscious goal pursuit. Social Cognition, 26, 555-577. doi:10.1521/soco.2008.26.5.555
2. Adcock, R. A., Thangavel, A., Whitfield-Gabrieli, S., Knutson, B., & Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2006). Reward-motivated learning: Mesolimbic activation precedes memory formation. Neuron, 50, 507-517. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.03.036
3. Blais, C, & Besner, D. (2006). Reverse Stroop effects with untranslated responses. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 32, 1345-1353. doi:10.1037/0096-1523.32.6.1345
4. Botvinick, M. M., Braver, T. S., Barch, D. M., Carter, C. S., & Cohen, J. D. (2001). Conflict monitoring and cognitive control. Psychological Review, 108, 624-652. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.108.3.624
5. Bradley, M. M. (2000). Emotion and motivation. In J. T. Cacioppo, L. G. Tassinary, G. G. Berntson (Eds.), Handbook of physiology (pp. 602-642). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
6. Braem, S., Verguts, T., Roggeman, C., & Notebaert, W. (2012). Reward modulates adaptations to conflict. Cognition, 125, 324-332. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2012.07.015
7. Braver, T. S., Gray, J. R., & Burgess, G. C. (2007). Explaining the many varieties of working memory variation: Dual mechanisms of cognitive control. In A. Conway, C. Jarrold, M. Kane, A. Miyake, and J. Towse (Eds.), Variation in working memory (pp. 76-106). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
8. Bugg, J. M., & Crump, M. J. C. (2012). In support of a distinction between voluntary and stimulus-driven control: A review of the literature on proportion congruent effects. Frontiers in Psychology, 3, 367. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00367
9. Bugg, J. M., Jacoby, L. L., & Toth, J. P. (2008). Multiple levels of control in the Stroop task. Memory & Cognition, 36, 1484-1494. doi:10.3758/MC.36.8.1484
10. Carter, C. S., Macdonald, A. M., Botvinick, M., Ross, L. L., Stenger, V. A., Noll, D., & Cohen, J. D. (2000). Parsing executive processes: Strategic vs. evaluative functions of the anterior cingulate cortex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 97, 1944-1948. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.4.1944
11. Chiew, K. S., & Braver, T. S. (2011). Positive affect versus reward: Emotional and motivational influences on cognitive control. Frontiers in Psychology, 2, 279.
12. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
13. Cohen, J. D., Dunbar, K., & McClelland, J. L. (1990). On the control of automatic processes: A parallel distributed processing account of the Stroop effect. Psychological Review, 97, 332-361. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.97.3.332
14. Della Libera, C., & Chelazzi, L. (2006). Visual selective attention and the effects of monetary rewards. Psychological Science, 17, 222-227. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01689.x
15. Egner, T. (2007). Congruency sequence effects and cognitive control. Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience, 7, 380-390. doi:10.3758/CABN.7.4.380
16. Egner, T., Ely, S., & Grinband, J. (2010). Going, going, gone: Characterizing the time-course of congruency sequence effects. Frontiers in Psychology, 1, 154. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00154
17. Egner, T., & Hirsch, J. (2005). Cognitive control mechanisms resolve conflict through cortical amplification of task-relevant information. Nature Neuroscience, 8, 1784-1790. doi:10.1038/nn1594
18. Funes, M.F.Lupiáñez, J., & Humphreys, G. (2010). Sustained vs. transient control: Evidence of a behavioral dissociation. Cognition, 114, 338-347. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2009.10.007
19. Gratton, G., Coles, M. G. H., & Donchin, E. (1992). Optimizing the use of information: Strategic control of activation of responses. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 121, 480-506. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.121.4.480
20. Hommel, B., Proctor, R. W., & Vu, K. P. (2004). A feature-integration account of sequential effects in the Simon task. Psychological Research, 68, 1-17. doi:10.1007/s00426-003-0132-y
21. Hübner, R., & Schlösser, J. (2010). Monetary reward increases attentional effort in the flanker task. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 17, 821-826. doi:10.3758/PBR.17.6.821
22. Huguet, P., Dumas, F., & Monteil, J. (2004). Competing for a desired reward in the Stroop task: When attentional control is unconscious but effective versus conscious but ineffective. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 153-167. doi:10.1037/h0087441
23. Jacoby, L. L., Lindsay, D. S., & Hessels, S. (2003). Item-specific control of automatic processes: Stroop process dissociations. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 10, 638-644. doi:10.3758/BF03196526
24. Jimura, K., Locke, H. S., & Braver, T. S. (2010). Prefrontal cortex mediation of cognitive enhancement in rewarding motivational contexts. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107, 8871-8876. doi:10.1073/pnas.1002007107
25. Kane, M. J., & Engle, R. W. (2003). Working-memory capacity and the control of attention: The contributions of goal neglect, response competition, and task set to Stroop interference. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 132, 47-70. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.132.1.47
26. Kanske, P. (2012). On the influence of emotion on conflict processing. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 6, 42. doi:10.3389/fnint.2012.00042
27. Kerns, J. G., Cohen, J. D., MacDonald, A. W., Cho, R. Y., Stenger, V. A., & Carter, C. S. (2004). Anterior cingulate conflict monitoring and adjustments in control. Science, 303, 1023-1026. doi:10.1126/science.1089910
28. Kouneiher, F., Charron, S., & Koechlin, E. (2009). Motivation and cognitive control in the human prefrontal cortex. Nature Neuroscience, 12, 939-945. doi:10.1038/nn.2321
29. Krebs, R. M., Boehler, C. N., & Woldorff, M. G. (2010). The influence of reward associations on conflict processing in the Stroop task. Cognition, 117, 341-347. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2010.08.018
30. Lindsay, D. S., & Jacoby, L. L. (1994). Stroop process dissociations: The relationship between facilitation and interference. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 20, 219-234. doi:10.1037/0096-1523.20.2.219
31. Lindström, B. R., Mattsson-Mårn, I. B., Golkar, A., & Olsson, A. (2013). In your face: Risk of punishment enhances cognitive control and error-related activity in the corrugator supercilii muscle. PLoS ONE, 8, e65692. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065692
32. Logan, G. D., & Zbrodoff, N. J. (1998). Stroop-type interference: Congruity effects in color naming with typewritten responses. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24, 978-992. doi:10.1037/0096-1523.24.3.978
33. MacLeod, C. M. (1991). Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: an integrative review. Psychological Bulletin, 109, 163-203. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.109.2.163
34. Mayr, U., Awh, E., & Laurey, P. (2003). Conflict adaptation effects do not require executive control. Nature Neuroscience, 6, 450-452.
35. Müller, J., Dreisbach, G., Goschke, T., Hensch, T., Lesch, K.-P., & Brocke, B. (2007). Dopamine and cognitive control: The prospect of monetary gains influences the balance between flexibility and stability in a set-shifting paradigm. European Journal of Neuroscience, 26, 3661-3668. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05949.x
36. Padmala, S., & Pessoa, L. (2011). Reward reduces conflict by enhancing attentional control and biasing visual cortical processing. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23, 3419-3432. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.05.089
37. Rolls, E. T. (2000). Précis of the brain and emotion. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 23, 177-191; discussion 192-233. doi:10.1017/S0140525X00002429
38. Rothermund, K. (2011). Counter-regulation and control-dependency: Affective processing biases in the service of action regulation. Social Psychology, 42, 55-66. doi:10.1027/1864-9335/a000043
39. Savine, A. C., Beck, S. M., Edwards, B. G., Chiew, K. S., & Braver, T. S. (2010). Enhancement of cognitive control by approach and avoidance motivational states. Cognition and Emotion, 24, 338-356. doi:10.1080/02699930903381564
40. Soutschek, A., Schwarzkopf, W., Finke, K., Hennig-Fast, K., Müller, H. J., Riedel, M.... Schubert, T. (2013). Interference control in adult ADHD: No evidence for interference control deficits if response speed is controlled by delta plots. Acta Psychologica, 143, 71-78. doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2013.02.013
41. Soutschek, A., Strobach, T., & Schubert, T. (2013). Working memory demands modulate cognitive control in the Stroop paradigm. Psychological Research, 77, 333-347. doi:10.1007/s00426-012-0429-9
42. Soutschek, A., Taylor, P. J. C., Müller, H. J., & Schubert, T. (2013). Dissociable networks control conflict during perception and response selection: A transcranial magnetic stimulation study. Journal of Neuroscience, 33, 5647-5654. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4768-12.2013
43. Steiger, J. H. (2004). Beyond the F-test: Effect size confidence intervals and tests of close fit in the analysis of variance and contrast analysis. Psychological Methods, 9, 164-182. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.9.2.164
44. Stroop, J. R. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18, 643-662. doi:10.1037/h0054651
45. Stürmer, B., Nigbur, R., Schacht, A., & Sommer, W. (2011). Reward and punishment effects on error processing and conflict control. Frontiers in Psychology, 2, 335.
46. Torres-Quesada, M., Funes, M. J., & Lupiáñez, J. (2013). Dissociating proportion congruent and conflict adaptation effects in a Simon-Stroop procedure. Acta Psychologica, 142, 203-210. doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2012.11.015
47. Veling, H., & Aarts, H. (2010). Cueing task goals and earning money: Relatively high monetary rewards reduce failures to act on goals in a Stroop task. Motivation and Emotion, 34, 184-190. doi:10.1007/s11031-010-9160-2
48. Wittmann, B. C., Schott, B. H., Guderian, S., Frey, J. U., Heinze, H.-J., & Düzel, E. (2005). Reward-related fMRI activation of dopaminergic midbrain is associated with enhanced hippocampus-dependent long-term memory formation. Neuron, 45, 459-467. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.01.010