Epidemiology and microbiological investigations of community-acquired pneumonia in children admitted at the emergency department of a university hospital

Journal of Clinical Virology

Volumn 60, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 402-407

  Cantais, Aymeric ^a   Mory, Olivier ^a   Pillet, Sylvie ^b   Verhoeven, Paul O ^b   Bonneau, Julie ^b   Patural, Hugues ^a   Pozzetto, Bruno ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF SAINT ETIENNE   (France)

^b UNIVERSITÉ JEAN MONNET   (France)

Author keywords

Children; Community acquired pneumonia; Epidemiology; PCR; Viral pneumonia

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN; AMOXICILLIN PLUS CLAVULANIC ACID; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; ERYTHROMYCIN; HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B VACCINE; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PARACETAMOL; PNEUMOCOCCUS VACCINE; PROCALCITONIN; SODIUM; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

ADENOVIRUS; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; ARTICLE; BOCAVIRUS; CHILD; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CHLAMYDIAL PNEUMONIA; COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; CORONAVIRUS; EMERGENCY WARD; FEMALE; FRANCE; HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE; HUMAN; HUMAN METAPNEUMOVIRUS; HUMAN TISSUE; HYPONATREMIA; INFLUENZA VIRUS A; INFLUENZA VIRUS B; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MIXED INFECTION; MORAXELLA CATARRHALIS; MULTIPLEX POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIA; MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE; NASOPHARYNGEAL ASPIRATION; NONHUMAN; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL PNEUMOVIRUS; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RHINOVIRUS; SODIUM BLOOD LEVEL; STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES; UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL; VIRUS PNEUMONIA; WINTER; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS; PNEUMONIA, BACTERIAL; PNEUMONIA, VIRAL; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; ADOLESCENT; ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY; BACTERIAL INFECTION; BACTERIUM CULTURE; CHLAMYDOPHILA PNEUMONIAE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE SEVERITY; ENTEROVIRUS; GROUPS BY AGE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; INFANT; METAPNEUMOVIRUS; MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION; PATHOGEN LOAD; VIRUS ETIOLOGY; VIRUS INFECTION;

CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS; EMERGENCY SERVICE, HOSPITAL; FEMALE; FRANCE; HOSPITALS, UNIVERSITY; HUMANS; MALE; MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES; MULTIPLEX POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PNEUMONIA, BACTERIAL; PNEUMONIA, VIRAL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES;

EID: 84902795243     PISSN: 13866532     EISSN: 18735967     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.05.006     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Bryce J., Boschi-Pinto C., Shibuya K., Black R.E. WHO estimates of the causes of death in children. Lancet 2005, 365:1147-1152.
2. Black R.E., Cousens S., Johnson H.L., Lawn J.E., Rudan I., Bassani D.G., et al. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis. Lancet 2010, 375:1969-1987.
3. Rudan I., Boschi-Pinto C., Biloglav Z., Mulholland K., Campbell H. Epidemiology and etiology of childhood pneumonia. Bull World Health Organ 2008, 86:408-416.
4. Bradley J.S., Byington C.L., Shah S.S., Alverson B., Carter E.R., Harrison C., et al. The management of community-acquired pneumonia in infants and children older than 3 months of age: clinical practice guidelines by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2011, cir531.
5. Uehara S., Sunakawa K., Eguchi H., Ouchi K., Okada K., Kurosaki T., et al. Japanese guidelines for the management of respiratory infectious diseases in children 2007 with focus on pneumonia. Pediatr Int 2011, 53:264-276.
6. Harris M., Clark J., Coote N., Fletcher P., Harnden A., McKean M., et al. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in children: update 2011. Thorax 2011, 66(Suppl. 2):1-23.
7. Esposito S., Cohen R., Domingo J.D., Pecurariu O.F., Greenberg D., Heininger U., et al. Antibiotic therapy for pediatric community-acquired pneumonia: do we know when, what and for how long to treat?. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2012, 31:e78-e85.
8. Murdoch D.R., O'Brien K.L., Scott J.A.G., Karron R.A., Bhat N., Driscoll A.J., et al. Breathing new life into pneumonia diagnostics. J Clin Microbiol 2009, 47:3405-3408.
9. Clements H., Stephenson T.J. Blood culture is poor method of confirming pneumococcus as cause of childhood pneumonia. Br Med J 1996, 313:757.
10. Wolf D.G., Greenberg D., Shemer-Avni Y., Givon-Lavi N., Bar-Ziv J., Dagan R. Association of human metapneumovirus with radiologically diagnosed community-acquired alveolar pneumonia in young children. J Pediatr 2010, 156:115-120.
11. Hamano-Hasegawa K., Morozumi M., Nakayama E., Chiba N., Murayama S.Y., Takayanagi R., et al. Comprehensive detection of causative pathogens using real-time PCR to diagnose pediatric community-acquired pneumonia. J Infect Chemother 2008, 14:424-432.
12. Cilla G., Oñate E., Perez-Yarza E.G., Montes M., Vicente D., Perez-Trallero E. Viruses in community-acquired pneumonia in children aged less than 3 years old: high rate of viral coinfection. J Med Virol 2008, 80:1843-1849.
13. Tsolia M.N., Psarras S., Bossios A., Audi H., Paldanius M., Gourgiotis D., et al. Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized school-age children: evidence for high prevalence of viral infections. Clin Infect Dis 2004, 39:681-686.
14. Cevey-Macherel M., Galetto-Lacour A., Gervaix A., Siegrist C.-A., Bille J., Bescher-Ninet B., et al. Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children based on WHO clinical guidelines. Eur J Pediatr 2009, 168:1429-1436.
15. Drummond P., Clark J., Wheeler J., Galloway A., Freeman R., Cant A. Community acquired pneumonia - a prospective UK study. Arch Dis Child 2000, 83:408-412.
16. Michelow I.C., Olsen K., Lozano J., Rollins N.K., Duffy L.B., Ziegler T., et al. Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children. Pediatrics 2004, 113:701-707.
17. Lin P.-Y., Lin T.-Y., Huang Y.-C., Tsao K.-C., Huang Y.-L. Human metapneumovirus and community-acquired pneumonia in children. Chang Gung Med J 2005, 28:683-688.
18. Bellau-Pujol S., Vabret A., Legrand L., Dina J., Gouarin S., Petitjean-Lecherbonnier J., et al. Development of three multiplex RT-PCR assays for the detection of 12 respiratory RNA viruses. J Virol Methods 2005, 126:53-63.
19. Principi N., Esposito S., Blasi F., Allegra L., Mowgli study group Role of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae in children with community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections. Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am 2001, 32:1281-1289.
20. Palafox M., Guiscafré H., Reyes H., Munoz O., Martínez H. Diagnostic value of tachypnoea in pneumonia defined radiologically. Arch Dis Child 2000, 82:41-45.
21. Lambert S.B., Whiley D.M., O'Neill N.T., Andrews E.C., Canavan F.M., Bletchly C., et al. Comparing nose-throat swabs and nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from children with symptoms for respiratory virus identification using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Pediatrics 2008, 122:e615-e620.
22. Lahti E., Peltola V., Waris M., Virkki R., Rantakokko-Jalava K., Jalava J., et al. Induced sputum in the diagnosis of childhood community-acquired pneumonia. Thorax 2009, 64:252-257.
23. Ginevra C., Barranger C., Ros A., Mory O., Stephan J.-L., Freymuth F., et al. Development and evaluation of Chlamylege, a new commercial test allowing simultaneous detection and identification of Legionella, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae in clinical respiratory specimens by multiplex PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2005, 43:3247-3254.
24. Pillet S., Lardeux M., Dina J., Grattard F., Verhoeven P., Le Goff J., et al. Comparative evaluation of six commercialized multiplex PCR kits for the diagnosis of respiratory infections. PLoS ONE 2013, 8:e72174.
25. Freymuth F., Ieven M., Wallet F. Lower respiratory tract infections. European manual of clinical microbiology 2012, 153-161. Epernay, France. 1st ed. G. Cornaglia, R. Courcol, J.L. Herrmann, G. Kahlmeter, H. Peigue Lafeuille, J. Vila, SFM, ESCMID (Eds.).
26. Murdoch D.R., O'Brien K.L., Driscoll A.J., Karron R.A., Bhat N., Pneumonia Methods Working Group, et al. Laboratory methods for determining pneumonia etiology in children. Clin Infect Dis 2012, 54:S146-S152.
27. François P., Desrumaux A., Cans C., Pin I., Pavese P., Labarère J. Prevalence and risk factors of suppurative complications in children with pneumonia. Acta Pædiatr 2010, 99:861-866.
28. Millar E.V., Watt J.P., Bronsdon M.A., Dallas J., Reid R., Santosham M., et al. Indirect effect of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pneumococcal colonization among unvaccinated household members. Clin Infect Dis 2008, 47:989-996.
29. Abdullahi O., Nyiro J., Lewa P., Slack M., Scott J.A.G. The descriptive epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae nasopharyngeal carriage in children and adults in Kilifi District, Kenya. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2008, 27:59-64.
30. Esposito S., Daleno C., Prunotto G., Scala A., Tagliabue C., Borzani I., et al. Impact of viral infections in children with community-acquired pneumonia: results of a study of 17 respiratory viruses. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2013, 7:18-26.
31. Fry A.M., Lu X., Chittaganpitch M., Peret T., Fischer J., Dowell S.F., et al. Human bocavirus: a novel parvovirus epidemiologically associated with pneumonia requiring hospitalization in Thailand. J Infect Dis 2007, 195:1038-1045.
32. Esposito S., Principi N. Unsolved problems in the approach to pediatric community-acquired pneumonia. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2012, 25:286-291.
33. Pierce V.M., Elkan M., Leet M., McGowan K.L., Hodinka R.L. Comparison of the Idaho Technology FilmArray system to real-time PCR for detection of respiratory pathogens in children. J Clin Microbiol 2012, 50:364-371.