Insect Protein as a Partial Replacement for Fishmeal in the Diets of Juvenile Fish and Crustaceans

Mass Production of Beneficial Organisms: Invertebrates and Entomopathogens

Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 565-582

  Riddick, Eric W ^a  

^a AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE   (United States)

Author keywords

Aquaculture; Insect production; Nutrition; Physiology

Indexed keywords

EID: 84902433998     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-391453-8.00016-9     Document Type: Chapter

References (76)

1. Abowei J.F.N., Ekubo A.T. A review of conventional and unconventional feeds in fish nutrition. Br. J. Pharmacol. Technol. 2011, 2:179-191.
2. Akiyama T., Murai T., Hirasawa Y., Nose T. Supplementation of various meals to fish diet for chum salmon fry. Aquaculture 1984, 37:217-222.
3. Aniebo A.O., Erondu E.S., Owen O.J. Proximate composition of housefly larvae (Musca domestica) meal generated from mixture of cattle blood and wheat bran. Livestock Res. Rural Develop. 2008, 20:5. Available online:. http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd20/12/anie20205.htm.
4. Aniebo A.O., Erondu E.S., Owen O.J. Replacement of fishmeal with maggot meal in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) diets. Rev. UDO Agric. 2009, 9:666-671.
5. Banjo A.D., Lawal O.A., Adeduji O.O. Bacteria and fungi isolated from housefly (Musca domestica L.) larvae. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2005, 4:780-784.
6. Barker D., Fitzpatrick M.P., Dierenfeld E.S. Nutrient composition of selected whole invertebrates. Zoo Biol. 1998, 17:123-134.
7. Barnes A.I., Siva-Jothy T. Density-dependent prophylaxis in the mealworm beetle Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): cuticular melanization is an indicator of investment in immunity. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 2000, 267:177-182.
8. Boller E. Behavioral aspects of mass-rearing of insects. Entomophaga 1972, 17:9-25.
9. Bondari K., Sheppard D.C. Soldier fly, Hermetia illucens L., larvae as feed for channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), and blue tilapia, Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner). Aquacult. Fish Manage. 1987, 18:209-220.
10. Bradley S.W., Sheppard D.C. House fly oviposition inhibition by larvae of Hermetia illucens, the black soldier fly. J. Chem. Ecol. 1984, 10:853-859.
11. Cappellozza L., Cappellozza S., Saviane A., Sbrenna G. Artificial diet rearing system for the silkworm Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae): effect of vitamin C deprivation on larval growth and cocoon production. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 2005, 40:405-412.
12. Cohen A.C. Insect Diets: Science and Technology 2004, CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL.
13. Davis G.R.F. Essential dietary amino acids for growth of larvae of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor L. J. Nutr. 1975, 105:1071-1075.
14. Diener S., Solano N.M.S., Gutiérrez F.R., Zurbrügg C., Tockner K. Biological treatment of municipal organic waste using black soldier fly larvae. Waste Biomass Valorization 2011, 2:357-363.
15. Erickson M.C., Islam M., Sheppard C., Liao J., Doyle M.P. Reduction of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in chicken manure by larvae of the black soldier fly. J. Food Prod. 2004, 67:685-690.
16. Fasakin E.A., Balogun A.M., Ajayi O.O. Evaluation of full-fat and defatted maggot meals in the feeding of clariid catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. Aquacult. Res. 2003, 34:733-738.
17. Fasanella A., Scasciamacchia S., Garofolo G., Giangaspero A., Tarsitano E., Adone R. Evaluation of the house fly Musca domestica as a mechanical vector for an anthrax. PLoS One 2010, 5(8):e12219. doi:10.137/journal.pone.0012219.
18. Finke M.D. Complete nutrient composition of commercially raised invertebrates used as food for insectivores. Zoo Biol. 2002, 21:269-285.
19. Fraenkel G.S. The effect of zinc and potassium in the nutrition of Tenebrio molitor, with observations on the expression of a carnitine deficiency. J. Nutr. 1958, 65:361-395.
20. Ghally A.E., Alkoaik F.N. The yellow mealworm as a novel source of protein. Am. J. Agric. Biol. Sci. 2009, 4:319-331.
21. Guo-Ping K., Xi-Jie G. Overview of silkworm pathology in China. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2011, 10:18046-18056.
22. Hogsette J.A. New diets for the production of house flies and stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae) in the laboratory. J. Econ. Entomol. 1992, 85:2291-2294.
23. Huettel M.D. Monitoring the quality of laboratory-reared insects: a biological and behavioral perspective. Environ. Entomol. 1976, 5:807-814.
24. Hwango J., Hong E.C., Jang A., Kang H.K., Oh J.S., Kim B.W., Park B.S. Utilization of house fly-maggots, a feed supplement in the production of broiler chickens. J. Environ. Biol. 2009, 30:609-614.
25. Isaiarasu L., Sakthivel N., Ravikumar J., Samuthiravelu P. Effect of herbal extracts on the microbial pathogens causing flacherie and muscardine diseases in the mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. J. Biopestic. 2011, 4:150-155.
26. Jabir M.D.A.R., Razak S.A., Vikineswary S. Nutritive potential and utilization of super worm (Zophobas morio) meal in the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juvenile. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2012, 11:6592-6598.
27. Jabir M.D.A.R., Razak S.A., Vikineswary S. Chemical composition and nutrient digestibility of super worm meal in red tilapia juvenile. Pak. Vet. J. 2012, 32:489-493.
28. Jayaram M.G., Shetty H.P.C. Formulation, processing and water stability of two new pellet fish feeds. Aquaculture 1981, 23:355-359.
29. Jintasataporn O., Chumkam S., Jintasataporn O. Substitution of silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori) for fishmeal in broodstock diets for snakeskin gourami (Trichogaster pectoralis). J. Agric. Sci. Technol. A 2011, 1:1341-1344.
30. Kroeckel S., Harjes A.G.E., Roth I., Katz H., Wuertz S., Susenbeth A., Schulz C. When a turbot catches a fly: evaluation of a pre-pupae meal of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) as fish meal substitute-growth performance and chitin degradation in juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima). Aquaculture 2012, 2012:345-352.
31. Langer S., Bakhtiyar Y., Lakhnotra R. Replacement of fishmeal with locally available ingredients in diet composition of Macrobrachium dayanum. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 2011, 6:1080-1084.
32. Le Boucher R., Quillet E., Vandeputte M., Lecalvez J.M., Goardon L., Chatain B., Médale F., Dupont-Nivet M. Plant-based diet in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum): are there genotype-diet interactions for main production traits when fish are fed marine vs. plant-based diets from the first meal?. Aquaculture 2011, 321:41-48.
33. Le Boucher R., Dupont-Nivet M., Vandeputte M., Kerneïs T., Goardon L., Labbé L., Chatain B., Bothaire M.J., Larroquet L., Médale F., Quillet E. Selection for adaptation to dietary shifts: towards sustainable breeding of carnivorous fish. PLoS One 2012, 7(9):e44898. 10.1371/journal.pone.0044898.
34. Li M.H., Robinson E.H., Peterson B.C., Bates T.D. Growth and feed efficiency of juvenile channel catfish reared at different water temperatures and fed diets containing various levels of fish meal. North Am. J. Aquacult. 2008, 70:347-352.
35. Li Q., Zheng L., Cai H., Garza E., Yu Z., Zhou S. From organic waste to biodiesel: black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, makes it feasible. Fuel 2011, 90:1545-1548.
36. Lipke H., Fraenkel G. The toxicity of corn germ to the mealworm, Tenebrio molitor. J. Nutr. 1955, 55:165-178.
37. Little D.C., Surintaraseree P., Innes-Taylor N. Fish culture in rainfed rice fields of northeast Thailand. Aquaculture 1996, 140:295-321.
38. Liu Q., Tomberlin J.K., Brady J.A., Sanford M.R., Yu Z. Black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) larvae reduce Escherichia coli in dairy manure. Environ. Entomol. 2008, 37:1525-1530.
39. Longvah T., Mangthya K., Ramulu P. Nutrient composition and protein quality evaluation of eri silkworm (Samia ricini) prepupae and pupae. Food Chem. 2011, 128:400-403.
40. Mackauer M. Genetic problems in the production of biological control agents. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 1976, 21:369-385.
41. Nandeesha M.C., Gangadhara B., Manissery J.K. Silkworm pupa oil and sardine oil as an additional energy source in the diet of common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Asian Fish Sci. 1999, 12:207-215.
42. Nandeesha M.C., Gangadhara B., Varghese T.J., Keshavanath P. Growth response and flesh quality of common carp, Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of nondefatted silkworm pupae. Asian Fish Sci. 2000, 13:235-242.
43. Nandeesha M.C., Srikanth G.K., Keshavanath P., Varghese T.J., Basavaraja N., Das S.K. Effects of non-defatted silkworm pupae in diets on the growth of common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Biol. Wastes 1990, 33:17-23.
44. Naylor R.L., Goldburg R.J., Primavera J., Kautsky N., Beveridge M.C.M., Clay J., Folke C., Lubchenco J., Mooney H., Troell M. Effects of aquaculture on world fish supplies. Issues Ecol. 2001, Winter 2001, 1-12.
45. Naylor R.L., Hardy R.W., Bureau D.P., Chiu A., Elliott M., Farrell A.P., Forster I., Gatlin D.M., Goldburg R.J., Hua K., Nichols P.D. Feeding aquaculture in an era of finite resources. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2009, 106:15103-15110.
46. Nazni W.A., Seleena B., Lee H.L., Jeffery J.T., Rogayah T.A.R., Sofian M.A. Bacteria fauna from the house fly, Musca domestica (L.). Trop. Biomed. 2005, 22:225-231.
47. Ng W.K. Worms: a potential feed source for cultured aquatic animals. The Advocate 2000, 82-83. June 2000.
48. Noonin C., Jiravanichpaisal P., Söderhöll I., Merino S., Tomás J.M., Söderhöll K. Melanization and pathogenicity in the insect, Tenebrio molitor, and the crustacean, Pacifastacus leniusculus, by Aeromonas hydrophila AH-3. PLoS One 2010, 5(12):e15728. doi:10.137/journal.pone.0015728.
49. Nordlund D.A. Capacity and quality: keys to success in the mass rearing of biological control agents. Nat. Enemies Ins. 1998, 20:169-179.
50. Nsofor C.I., Osayamwen E.M., Ewuim S.C., Etaga H.O. Effects of varying levels of maggot and fish meal on food utilization and growth of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) fingerlings reared in net hapas in concrete ponds. Nat. Appl. Sci. J. 2008, 9(1):7. Available online at. http://www.nasjournal-nq.org.
51. Ocio E., Viñaras R., Rey J.M. House fly larvae meal grown on municipal organic waste as a source of protein in poultry diets. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 1979, 4:227-231.
52. Omoyinmi G.A.K., Olaoye O.J. Growth performance of Nile tilapia-Oreochromis niloticus fed diets containing different sources of animal protein. Libyan Agric. Res. Cent. J. Intl. 2012, 3:18-23.
53. Oonincx D.G.A.B., de Boer I.J.M. Environmental impact of the production of mealworms as a protein source for humans-a life cycle assessment. PLoS One 2012, 7(12):e51145. 10.1371/journal.pone.0051145.
54. Peterson B.C., Booth N.J., Manning B.B. Replacement of fish meal in juvenile channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, diets using a yeast-derived protein source: the effects on weight gain, food conversion ratio, body composition and survival of catfish challenged with Edwardsiella ictaluri. Aquacult. Nutr. 2012, 18:132-137.
55. Robinson E.H., Li M.H. Composition and formulation of channel catfish feeds. Miss. Agric. For. Exp. Stn. Bull. 2012, 1200:10.
56. Roush R.T., Hopper K.R. Use of single family lines to preserve genetic variation in laboratory colonies. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 1995, 88:713-717.
57. Sargent J.R., Tacon A.G.J. Development of farmed fish: a nutritionally necessary alternative to meat. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 1999, 58:377-383.
58. Schneider J.C. Principles and Procedures for Rearing High Quality Insects 2009, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS.
59. Sealey W.M., Gaylord T.G., Barrows F.T., Tomberlin J.K., McGuire M.A., Ross C., St-Hilaire S. Sensory analysis of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, fed enriched black soldier fly prepupae, Hermetia illucens. J. World Aquacult. Soc. 2011, 42:34-45.
60. Sheppard C. House fly and lesser fly control utilizing the black soldier fly in manure management systems for caged laying hens. Environ. Entomol. 1983, 12:1439-1442.
61. Sheppard D.C., Newton G.L., Thompson S.A., Savage S. A value added manure management system using the black soldier fly. Bioresour. Technol. 1994, 50:275-279.
62. Sheppard D.C., Tomberlin J.K., Joyce J.A., Kiser B.C., Sumner S.M. Rearing methods for the black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). J. Med. Entomol. 2002, 39:695-698.
63. Singh P. Artificial Diets for Insects, Mites, and Spiders 1977, Plenum Press, New York, NY.
64. 6 of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Intl. J. Food Agric. Vet. Sci. 2012, 2:54-57.
65. Smith R.A., Nordlund D.A. Automation of insect rearing-a key to the development of competitive augmentative biological control. Nat. Enemies Ins. 1999, 21:70-81.
66. Sogbesan A.O., Ajuonu N., Musa B.O., Adewole A.M. Harvesting techniques and evaluation of maggot meal as animal dietary protein source for 'Heteoclarias' in outdoor concrete tanks. World J. Agric. Sci. 2006, 2:394-402.
67. Spiller D. Procedure for rearing houseflies. Nature 1963, 199:405.
68. St-Hilaire S., Sheppard C., Tomberlin J.K., Irving S., Newton L., McGuire M.A., Mosley E.E., Hardy R.W., Sealey W. Fly prepupae as a feedstuff for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. J. World Aquacult. Soc. 2007, 38:59-67.
69. St-Hilaire S., Cranfill K., McGuire M.A., Mosley E.E., Tomberlin J.K., Newton L., Sealey W., Sheppard C., Irving S. Fish offal recycling by the black soldier fly produces a foodstuff high in omega-3 fatty acids. J. World Aquacult. Soc. 2007, 38:309-313.
70. Tacon A.G.J., Metian M. Global overview on the use of fish meal and fish oil in industrially compounded aquafeeds: trends and future prospects. Aquaculture 2008, 285:146-158.
71. Tomberlin J.K., Sheppard D.C., Joyce J.A. Selected life-history traits of black soldier flies (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) reared on three artificial diets. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 2002, 95:379-386.
72. Turchini G.M., Mentati T., Caprino F., Panseri S., Moretti V.M., Valré F. Effects of dietary lipid sources on flavor volatile compounds of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) fillet. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 2003, 20:71-75.
73. Valtonen T.M., Viitaniemi H., Rantala M. Copulation enhances resistance against an entomopathogenic fungus in the mealworm beetle Tenebrio molitor. Parasitology 2010, 137:985-989.
74. Vanderzant E.S. Development, significance, and application of artificial diets for insects. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 1974, 19:139-160.
75. van Huis A. Potential of insects as food and feed in assuring food security. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2013, 58:563-583.
76. Zhang C.X., Tang X.D., Cheng J.A. The utilization and industrialization of insect resources in China. Entomol. Res. 2008, 38:S38-S47.