Bipolar II disorder in patients with a current diagnosis of recurrent depression

Bipolar Disorders

Volumn 16, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 389-399

  Mosolov, Sergey ^a   Ushkalova, Anna ^a   Kostukova, Elena ^a   Shafarenko, Alexey ^a   Alfimov, Pavel ^a   Kostyukova, Anastasiya ^a   Angst, Jules ^b  

^a Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry   (Russian Federation)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF PSYCHIATRY   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Bipolar II disorder; Bipolarity; Hypomania checklist (HCL 32); Personal and social performance scale; Recurrent depressive disorder; Russia

Indexed keywords

ANXIOLYTIC AGENT; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT; MOOD STABILIZER; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT;

ADULT; AGED; ALCOHOLISM; ARTICLE; BIPOLAR II DISORDER; BIPOLARITY INDEX SCALE; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPRESSION; DIAGNOSIS RELATED GROUP; DIAGNOSTIC TEST ACCURACY STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPOMANIA; HYPOMANIA CHECKLIST 32; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MINI INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHIATRIC INTERVIEW; NAMED INVENTORIES, QUESTIONNAIRES AND RATING SCALES; OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER; ONSET AGE; PANIC; PATIENT ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOLOGIC ASSESSMENT; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC; RECURRENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; RECURRENT DISEASE; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SOCIAL PHOBIA; STRUCTURED INTERVIEW; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; ADOLESCENT; BIPOLAR DISORDER; MIDDLE AGED; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; BIPOLAR DISORDER; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; RECURRENCE; ROC CURVE; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84901940464     PISSN: 13985647     EISSN: 13995618     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12192     Document Type: Article

References (108)

1. Kleinman LS, Lowin A, Flood E et al. Costs of bipolar disorder. Pharmacoeconomics 2003; 21: 601-622.
2. Akiskal HS, Benazzi F. Optimizing the detection of bipolar II disorder in outpatient private practice: toward a systematization of clinical diagnostic wisdom. J Clin Psychiatry 2005; 66: 914-921.
3. Coryell W, Endicott J, Maser JD et al. Long term stability of polarity distinctions in the affective disorders. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152: 385-390.
4. Berk M, Dodd S. Bipolar II disorder: a review. Bipolar Disord 2005; 7: 11-21.
5. Scott J, Leboyer M. Consequences of delayed diagnosis of bipolar disorders. Encephale 2011; 37: 173-175.
6. Calabrese JR, Hirschfeld RM, Reed M et al. Impact of bipolar disorder on a U.S. community sample. J Clin Psychiatry 2003; 64: 425-432.
7. Dunner DL. Clinical consequences of under-recognized bipolar spectrum disorder. Bipolar Disord 2003; 5: 456-463.
8. Rice J, Reich T, Andreasen NC et al. The familial transmission of bipolar illness. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1987; 44: 441-447.
9. Mosolov S, Kostukova E, Kusavkova M. Bipolar Affective Disorder. Diagnostics and Treatment (in Russian). Mascow: MED press-inform, 2008.
10. Panicheva EV. Population study of periodic endogenous psychoses (demographic data and comparative features of the clinical course (article in Russian). Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 1982; 82: 557-564.
11. Belyaev BS. Clinical differentiation and systematic of endogenous affective psychoses (article in Russian). Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 1991; 91: 51-55.
12. Ferrari AJ, Baxter AJ, Whiteford HA. A systematic review of the global distribution and availability of prevalence data for bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2011; 134: 1-13.
13. Merikangas KR, Jin R, He JP et al. Prevalence and correlates of bipolar spectrum disorder in the world mental health survey initiative. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2011; 68: 241-251.
14. Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH et al. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview. J Clin Psychiatry 1998; 59 (Suppl. 20): 22-33.
15. Angst J, Adolfsson R, Benazzi F et al. The HCL-32: towards a self-assessment tool for hypomanic symptoms in outpatients. J Affect Disord 2005; 88: 217-233.
16. Sachs GS. Strategies for improving treatment of bipolar disorder: integration of measurement and management. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2004; 110 (Suppl. 422): 7-17.
17. Morosini PL, Magliano L, Brambilla L et al. Development, reliability and acceptability of a new version of the DSM-IV Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS) to assess routine social functioning. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2000; 101: 323-329.
18. Paklin N. Logistic Regression and ROC Analysis as Mathematical Tool. Mascow: BaseGroup Labs, 1995-2009.
19. Joyce PR, Luty SE, McKenzie JM et al. Bipolar II disorder: personality and outcome in two clinical samples. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2004; 38: 433-438.
20. Coryell W, Endicott J, Reich T et al. A family study of bipolar II disorder. Br J Psychiatry 1984; 145: 49-54.
21. Andreasen NC, Rice J, Endicott J et al. Familial rates of affective disorder. A report from the National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1987; 44: 461-469.
22. Kato T, Takahashi S, Shioiri T et al. Reduction of brain phosphocreatine in bipolar II disorder detected by phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Affect Disord 1994; 31: 125-133.
23. Hsiao YL, Wu YS, Wu JY et al. Neuropsychological functions in patients with bipolar I and bipolar II disorder. Bipolar Disord 2009; 11: 547-554.
24. Judd LL, Akiskal HS, Schettler PJ et al. The comparative clinical phenotype and long term longitudinal episode course of bipolar I and II: a clinical spectrum or distinct disorders? J Affect Disord 2003; 3: 19-32.
25. Judd LL, Schettler PJ, Akiskal HS et al. Long-term symptomatic status of bipolar I vs. bipolar II disorders. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2003; 6: 127-137.
26. Judd LL, Akiskal HS, Schettler PJ et al. Psychosocial disability in the course of bipolar I and II disorders: a prospective, comparative, longitudinal study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005; 62: 1322-1330.
27. Kim B, Lim JH, Kim SY, Joo YH. Comparative study of personality traits in patients with bipolar I and II disorder from the five-factor model perspective. Psychiatry Investig 2012; 9: 347-353.
28. Judd LL, Akiskal HS, Schettler PJ et al. A prospective investigation of the natural history of the long-term weekly symptomatic status of bipolar II disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2003; 60: 261-269.
29. Cooke RG, Robb JC, Young LT et al. Well-being and functioning in patients with bipolar disorder assessed using the MOS 20-item short form (SF-20). J Affect Disord 1996; 39: 93-97.
30. Robb JC, Cooke RG, Devins GM et al. Quality of life and lifestyle disruption in euthymic bipolar disorder. J Psychiatr Res 1997; 31: 509-517.
31. Harkavy-Friedman JM, Keilp JG, Grunebaum MF et al. Are BPI and BPII suicide attempters distinct neuropsychologically? J Affect Disord 2006; 94: 255-259.
32. Maina G, Albert U, Bellodi L et al. Health-related quality of life in euthymic bipolar disorder patients: differences between bipolar I and II subtypes. J Clin Psychiatry 2007; 68: 207-212.
33. Akiskal HS, Akiskal KK, Lancrenon S et al. Validating the bipolar spectrum in the French National EPIDEP Study: overview of the phenomenology and relative prevalence of its clinical prototypes. J Affect Disord 2006; 96: 197-205.
34. Kamat SA, Rajagopalan K, Pethick N et al. Prevalence and humanistic impact of potential misdiagnosis of bipolar disorder among patients with major depressive disorder in a commercially insured population. J Manag Care Pharm 2008; 14: 631-642.
35. Novick DM, Swartz HA, Frank E. Suicide attempts in bipolar I and bipolar II disorder: a review and meta-analysis of the evidence. Bipolar Disord 2010; 12: 1-9.
36. Rihmer Z, Gonda X. The effect of pharmacotherapy on suicide rates in bipolar patients. CNS Neurosci Ther 2012; 18: 238-242.
37. Young AH, Rigney U, Shaw S et al. Annual cost of managing bipolar disorder to the UK healthcare system. J Affect Disord 2011; 133: 450-456.
38. Hantouche HS, Akiskal S, Lancrenon JF et al. Systematic clinical methodology for validating bipolar-II disorder: data in mid-stream from a French national multisite study (EPIDEP). J Affect Disord 1998; 50: 163-173.
39. Hirschfeld RM, Lewis L, Vernik LA. Perceptions and impact of bipolar disorder: how far have we really come? Results of the National Depressive and Manic-Depressive Association 2000 survey of individuals with bipolar disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2003; 64: 161-174.
40. Akiskal HS, Bourgeois ML, Angst J et al. Re-evaluating the prevalence of and diagnostic composition within the broad clinical spectrum of bipolar disorders. J Affect Disord 2000; 59 (Suppl. 1): 5-30.
41. Akiskal HS, Kilzieh N, Maser JD et al. The distinct temperament profiles of bipolar I, bipolar II and unipolar patients. J Affect Disord 2006; 92: 19-33.
42. Ghaemi SN, Sachs GS, Chiou AM et al. Is bipolar disorder still underdiagnosed? Are depressants overutilized? J Affect Disord 1999; 52: 135-144.
43. Angst J. The bipolar spectrum. Br J Psychiatry 2007; 190: 189-191.
44. Smith DJ, Ghaemi N. Is underdiagnosis the main pitfall when diagnosing bipolar disorder? Yes. BMJ 2010; 340: 854.
45. Smith DJ, Thapar A, Simpson SA. Bipolar spectrum disorders in primary care: optimising diagnosis and treatment. Br J Gen Pract 2010; 60: 322-324.
46. Angst J, Azorin JM, Bowden CL et al. Prevalence and characteristics of undiagnosed bipolar disorders in patients with a major depressive episode: the BRIDGE study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2011; 68: 791-798.
47. Okasha T, Fikry M, Kowailed A et al. Screening for bipolar disorder among patients undergoing a major depressive episode: report from the BRIDGE study in Egypt. J Affect Disord 2013; 147: 217-224.
48. Angst J. The emerging epidemiology of hypomania and bipolar II disorder. J Affect Disord 1998; 50: 143-151.
49. Judd LL, Akiskal HS. Depressive episodes and symptoms dominate the longitudinal course of bipolar disorder. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2003; 5: 417-418.
50. Lish JD, Dime-Meenan S, Whybrow PC et al. The National Depressive and Manic-depressive Association (DMDA) survey of bipolar members. J Affect Disord 1994; 31: 281-294.
51. Ghaemi SN, Ko JY, Goodwin FK. "Cade's disease" and beyond: misdiagnosis, antidepressant use, and proposed definition for bipolar spectrum disorder. Can J Psychiatry 2002; 47: 125-134.
52. Carta MG, Hardoy MC, Cadeddu M et al. The accuracy of the Italian version of the Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32) for the screening of bipolar disorders and comparison with the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) in a clinical sample. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2006; 2: 2.
53. Meyer TD, Hammelstein P, Nilsson LG et al. The Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32): its factorial structure and association to indices of impairment in German and Swedish nonclinical samples. Compr Psychiatry 2007; 48: 79-87.
54. Vieta E, Sánchez-Moreno J, Bulbena A et al. Cross validation with the mood disorder questionnaire (MDQ) of an instrument for the detection of hypomania in Spanish: the 32 item hypomania symptom check list (HCL-32). J Affect Disord 2007; 101 (Suppl. 1-3): 43-55.
55. Wu YS, Angst J, Ou CS et al. Validation of the Chinese version of the hypomania checklist (HCL-32) as an instrument for detecting hypo(mania) in patients with mood disorders. J Affect Disord 2008; 106: 133-143.
56. Forty L, Smith D, Jones L et al. Identifying hypomanic features in major depressive disorder using the hypomania checklist (HCL-32). J Affect Disord 2009; 114: 68-73.
57. Łojko D, Rybakowski J, Dudek D et al. Hypomania Check List (HCL-32) - hypomania symptoms questionnaire: description and application. Psychiatr Pol 2010; 44: 39-46.
58. Haghighi M, Bajoghli H, Angst J et al. The Farsi version of the Hypomania Check-List 32 (HCL-32): applicability and indication of a four-factorial solution. BMC Psychiatry 2011; 11: 14.
59. Leão IA, Del Porto JA. Cross validation with the mood disorder questionnaire (MDQ) of an instrument for the detection of hypomania in Brazil: the 32 item hypomania symptom check-list, first Revision (HCI-32-R1). J Affect Disord 2012; 140: 215-221.
60. Poon Y, Chung KF, Tso KC et al. The use of Mood Disorder Questionnaire, Hypomania Checklist-32 and clinical predictors for screening previously unrecognised bipolar disorder in a general psychiatric setting. Psychiatry Res 2012; 195: 111-117.
61. Yang HC, Xiang YT, Liu TB et al. Hypomanic symptoms assessed by the HCL-32 in patients with major depressive disorder. A multicenter trial across China. J Affect Disord 2012; 143: 203-207.
62. Yang HC, Yuan CM, Liu TB et al. Validity of the 32-item Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32) in a clinical sample with mood disorders in China. BMC Psychiatry 2011; 11: 84.
63. Phelps J, Angst J, Katzow J, Sadler J. Validity and utility of bipolar spectrum models. Bipolar Disord 2008; 10: 179-193.
64. Benazzi F. Classifying mood disorders by age-at-onset instead of polarity. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2009; 33: 86-93.
65. Colom F, Vieta E. The road to DSM-V: bipolar disorder episode and course specifiers. Psychopathology 2009; 42: 209-218.
66. Baldessarini RJ, Bolzani L, Cruz N. Onset-age of bipolar disorders at six international sites. J Affect Disord 2010; 121: 143-146.
67. Coryell W, Fiedorowicz J, Leon AC et al. Age of onset and the prospectively observed course of illness in bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2013; 146: 34-38.
68. Etain B, Lajnef M, Bellivier F et al. Clinical expression of bipolar disorder type I as a function of age and polarity at onset: convergent findings in samples from France and the United States. J Clin Psychiatry 2012; 73: 561-566.
69. Lin PI, McInnis MG, Potash JB et al. Clinical correlates and familial aggregation of age at onset in bipolar disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2006; 163: 240-246.
70. Ortiz A, Bradler K, Slaney C et al. An admixture analysis of the age at index episodes in bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 2011; 188: 34-39.
71. Leboyer M, Henry C, Paillere-Martinot ML, Bellivier F. Age at onset in bipolar affective disorders: a review. Bipolar Disord 2005; 7: 111-118.
72. Manchia M, Lampus S, Chillotti C et al. Age at onset in Sardinian bipolar I patients: evidence for three subgroups. Bipolar Disord 2008; 10: 443-446.
73. Hamshere ML, Gordon-Smith K, Forty L et al. Age-at-onset in bipolar-I disorder: mixture analysis of 1369 cases identifies three distinct clinical sub-groups. J Affect Disord 2009; 116: 23-29.
74. Bellivier F, Golmard JL, Henry C et al. Admixture analysis of age at onset in bipolar I affective disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001; 58: 510-512.
75. Bellivier F, Golmard JL, Rietschel M et al. Age at onset in bipolar I affective disorder: further evidence for three subgroups. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160: 999-1001.
76. Tozzi F, Manchia M, Galwey NW et al. Admixture analysis of age at onset in bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 2011; 185: 27-32.
77. Robb JC, Young LT, Cooke RG, Joffe RT. Gender differences in patients with bipolar disorder influence outcome in the medical outcomes survey (SF-20) subscale scores. J Affect Disord 1998; 49: 189-193.
78. Viguera AC, Baldessarini RJ, Tondo L. Response to lithium maintenance treatment in bipolar disorders: comparison of women and men. Bipolar Disord 2001; 3: 245-252.
79. Raymont V, Bettany D, Frangou S. The Maudsley Bipolar Disorder Project: clinical characteristics of bipolar disorder I in a catchment area treatment sample. Eur Psychiatry 2003; 18: 13-17.
80. Arnold LM. Gender differences in bipolar disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2003; 26: 595-620.
81. Kennedy N, Boydell J, Kalidindi S et al. Gender differences in incidence and age at onset of mania and bipolar disorder over a 35-year period in Camberwell, England. Am J Psychiatry 2005; 162: 257-262.
82. Moffitt T, Caspi A, Taylor A et al. How common are common mental disorders? Evidence that lifetime prevalence rates are doubled by prospective versus retrospective ascertainment. Psychol Med 2010; 40: 899-909.
83. Angst J. The course of affective disorders. Psychopathology 1986; 19: 47-52.
84. Vieta E, Gasto C, Otero A et al. Differential features between bipolar I and bipolar II disorder. Compr Psychiatry 1997; 38: 98-101.
85. Brugue E, Colom F, Sanchez-Moreno J et al. Depression subtypes in bipolar I and II disorders. Psychopathology 2008; 41: 111-114.
86. Larsson S, Lorentzen S, Mork E. Age at onset of bipolar disorder in a Norwegian catchment area sample. J Affect Disord 2010; 124: 174-177.
87. Tondo L, Lepri B, Cruz N. Age at onset in 3014 Sardinian bipolar and major depressive disorder patients. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2010; 121: 446-452.
88. Kessler RC, Rubinow DR, Holmes C et al. The epidemiology of DSM-III-R bipolar I disorder in a general population survey. Psychol Med 1997; 27: 1079-1089.
89. Suppes T, Leverich GS, Keck PE et al. The Stanley Foundation Bipolar Treatment Outcome Network. II. Demographics and illness characteristics of the first 261 patients. J Affect Disord 2001; 67: 45-59.
90. Angst J, Gamma A, Bowden C et al. Evidence-based definitions of bipolar-I and bipolar-II disorders among 5, 635 patients with major depressive episodes in the Bridge Study: validity and comorbidity. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2013; 263: 663-673.
91. Hendrick V, Altshuler LL, Gitlin MJ et al. Gender and bipolar illness. J Clin Psychiatry 2000; 61: 393-396.
92. Cassidy F, Ahearn EP, Carroll BJ. Substance abuse in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2001; 3: 181-188.
93. Ibiloǧlu AO, Cayköylü A. Distinctive sociodemographic, clinical and temperament characteristics of bipolar-I, bipolar-II and major depressive disorders. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2011; 22: 159-165.
94. Ketter TA. Diagnostic features, prevalence, and impact of bipolar disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2010; 71: 14.
95. Laursen TM, Munk-Olsen T, Gasse C. Chronic somatic comorbidity and excess mortality due to natural causes in persons with schizophrenia or bipolar affective disorder. PLoS ONE 2011; 6: e24597.
96. Fagiolini A, Frank E, Scott JA, Turkin A, Kupfer DJ. Metabolic syndrome in bipolar disorder: findings from the Bipolar Disorder Center for Pennsylvanians. Bipolar Disord 2005; 7: 424-430.
97. Roshanaei-Moghaddam B, Katon W. Premature mortality from general medical illnesses among persons with bipolar disorder: a review. Psychiatr Serv 2009; 60: 147-156.
98. Chang JC, Chen HH, Yen AM et al. Survival of bipolar depression, other type of depression and comorbid ailments: ten-year longitudinal follow-up of 10, 922 Taiwanese patients with depressive disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2012; 46: 1442-1448.
99. Osby U, Brandt L, Correia N et al. Excess mortality in bipolar and unipolar disorder in Sweden. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001; 58: 844-850.
100. NDMDA. National Survey of NDMDA members finds long delay in diagnosis of manic depressive illness. Hosp Community Psychiatry 1993; 44: 800-801.
101. Yatham LN, Kennedy SH, O'Donovan C et al. Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) guidelines for the management of patients with bipolar disorder: update 2007. Bipolar Disord 2006; 8: 721-739.
102. McIntyre RS, Konarski JZ, Soczynska JK et al. Medical comorbidity in bipolar disorder: implications for functional outcomes and health service utilization. Psychiatr Serv 2006; 57: 1140-1144.
103. Kemp DE, Gao K, Chan PK, Ganocy SJ, Findling RK, Calabrese JR. Medical comorbidity in bipolar disorder: relationship between illnesses of the endocrine/metabolic system and treatment outcome. Bipolar Disord 2010; 12: 404-413.
104. Douzenis A, Seretis D, Nika S et al. Factors affecting hospital stay in psychiatric patients: the role of active comorbidity. BMC Health Serv Res 2012; 12: 166.
105. Oreški I, Jakovljević M, Aukst-Margetić B et al. Comorbidity and multimorbidity in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: similarities and differences. Psychiatr Danub 2012; 24: 80-85.
106. Ruggero CJ, Chelminski I, Young D, Zimmerman M. Psychosocial impairment associated with bipolar II disorder. J Affect Disord 2007; 104: 53-60.
107. Godard J, Grondin S, Baruch P, Lafleur MF. Psychosocial and neurocognitive profiles in depressed patients with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 2011; 190: 244-252.
108. Godard J, Baruch P, Grondin S, Lafleur M. Psychosocial and neurocognitive functioning in unipolar and bipolar depression: a 12-month prospective study. Psychiatry Res 2012; 196: 145-153.