메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2014, Pages

Using cognitive theory to facilitate medical education

Author keywords

Clinical presentation curriculum; Clinical reasoning; Cognitive load theory; Problem based learning; Schemata; Worked example; Working memory

Indexed keywords

COGNITION; HUMAN; LEARNING; MEDICAL EDUCATION; PROBLEM BASED LEARNING; PROCEDURES; PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORY; TEACHING;

EID: 84899490865     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14726920     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1472-6920-14-79     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (62)

References (58)
  • 3
    • 0032989909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical curriculum reform in North America, 1765 to the present: A cognitive science perspective
    • 10.1097/00001888-199902000-00015 10065057
    • Medical curriculum reform in North America, 1765 to the present: a cognitive science perspective. Papa FJ, Harasym PH, Acad Med 1999 74 2 154 164 10.1097/00001888-199902000-00015 10065057
    • (1999) Acad Med , vol.74 , Issue.2 , pp. 154-164
    • Papa, F.J.1    Harasym, P.H.2
  • 4
    • 0032395415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive architecture and instructional design
    • 10.1023/A:1022193728205
    • Cognitive architecture and instructional design. Sweller J, Van Merrienboer JJ, Paas FG, Educ Psychol Rev 1998 10 3 251 296 10.1023/A: 1022193728205
    • (1998) Educ Psychol Rev , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 251-296
    • Sweller, J.1    Van Merrienboer, J.J.2    Paas, F.G.3
  • 6
    • 77952544479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Element interactivity and intrinsic, extraneous, and germane cognitive load
    • 10.1007/s10648-010-9128-5
    • Element interactivity and intrinsic, extraneous, and germane cognitive load. Sweller J, Educ Psychol Rev 2010 22 2 123 138 10.1007/s10648-010-9128-5
    • (2010) Educ Psychol Rev , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 123-138
    • Sweller, J.1
  • 7
    • 18844441224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive load theory and complex learning: Recent developments and future directions
    • 10.1007/s10648-005-3951-0
    • Cognitive load theory and complex learning: recent developments and future directions. Van Merrienboer JJ, Sweller J, Educ Psychol Rev 2005 17 2 147 177 10.1007/s10648-005-3951-0
    • (2005) Educ Psychol Rev , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 147-177
    • Van Merrienboer, J.J.1    Sweller, J.2
  • 8
    • 74049097220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive load theory in health professional education: Design principles and strategies
    • 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03498.x 20078759
    • Cognitive load theory in health professional education: design principles and strategies. Van Merriënboer JJ, Sweller J, Med Educ 2010 44 1 85 93 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03498.x 20078759
    • (2010) Med Educ , vol.44 , Issue.1 , pp. 85-93
    • Van Merriënboer, J.J.1    Sweller, J.2
  • 9
    • 33744807434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why minimal guidance during instruction does not work: An analysis of the failure of constructivist, discovery, problem-based, experiential, and inquiry-based teaching
    • 10.1207/s15326985ep4102-1
    • Why minimal guidance during instruction does not work: an analysis of the failure of constructivist, discovery, problem-based, experiential, and inquiry-based teaching. Kirschner PA, Sweller J, Clark RE, Educ Psychol 2006 41 2 75 86 10.1207/s15326985ep4102-1
    • (2006) Educ Psychol , vol.41 , Issue.2 , pp. 75-86
    • Kirschner, P.A.1    Sweller, J.2    Clark, R.E.3
  • 10
    • 43949152992 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive load theory, learning difficulty, and instructional design
    • 10.1016/0959-4752(94)90003-5
    • Cognitive load theory, learning difficulty, and instructional design. Sweller J, Learn Instruct 1994 4 4 295 312 10.1016/0959-4752(94)90003-5
    • (1994) Learn Instruct , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 295-312
    • Sweller, J.1
  • 12
    • 0026554483 scopus 로고
    • Working memory
    • 10.1126/science.1736359
    • Working memory. Baddeley A, Sci (New York, NY) 1992 255 5044 556 559 10.1126/science.1736359
    • (1992) Sci (New York, NY) , vol.255 , Issue.5044 , pp. 556-559
    • Baddeley, A.1
  • 13
    • 0029287202 scopus 로고
    • Long-term working memory
    • 7740089
    • Long-term working memory. Ericsson KA, Kintsch W, Psychol Rev 1995 102 2 211 245 7740089
    • (1995) Psychol Rev , vol.102 , Issue.2 , pp. 211-245
    • Ericsson, K.A.1    Kintsch, W.2
  • 14
    • 82955240686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working memory: Theories, models, and controversies
    • 10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100422 21961947
    • Working memory: theories, models, and controversies. Baddeley A, Annu Rev Psychol 2012 63 1 29 10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100422 21961947
    • (2012) Annu Rev Psychol , vol.63 , pp. 1-29
    • Baddeley, A.1
  • 15
    • 84879133118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procedural and conceptual knowledge: Exploring the gap between knowledge type and knowledge quality
    • 10.1080/14926156.2013.784828
    • Procedural and conceptual knowledge: exploring the gap between knowledge type and knowledge quality. Star JR, Stylianides GJ, Can J Sci Math Technol Educ 2013 13 2 169 181 10.1080/14926156.2013.784828
    • (2013) Can J Sci Math Technol Educ , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 169-181
    • Star, J.R.1    Stylianides, G.J.2
  • 16
    • 84874677236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Putting students on the path to learning: The case for fully guided instruction
    • Putting students on the path to learning: the case for fully guided instruction. Clark RE, Kirschner PA, Sweller J, Am Educat 2012 36 1 6 11
    • (2012) Am Educat , vol.36 , Issue.1 , pp. 6-11
    • Clark, R.E.1    Kirschner, P.A.2    Sweller, J.3
  • 17
    • 0028419195 scopus 로고
    • The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. 1956
    • 8022966
    • The magical number seven, plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information. 1956. Miller G, Psychol Rev 1994 101 2 343 8022966
    • (1994) Psychol Rev , vol.101 , Issue.2 , pp. 343
    • Miller, G.1
  • 18
    • 85065380883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some strategies to improve performance in school chemistry, based on two cognitive factors
    • 10.1080/0263514042000290903
    • Some strategies to improve performance in school chemistry, based on two cognitive factors. Danili E, Reid N, Res Sci Technol Educ 2004 22 2 203 226 10.1080/0263514042000290903
    • (2004) Res Sci Technol Educ , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 203-226
    • Danili, E.1    Reid, N.2
  • 19
    • 0002016785 scopus 로고
    • Capacities, demands and processes-A predictive model for science education
    • Capacities, demands and processes-a predictive model for science education. Johnstone A, El-Banna H, Educ Chem 1986 23 3 80 84
    • (1986) Educ Chem , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 80-84
    • Johnstone, A.1    El-Banna, H.2
  • 20
    • 84943006110 scopus 로고
    • Academic performance in solving chemistry problems related to student working memory capacity
    • 10.1080/0950069900120206
    • Academic performance in solving chemistry problems related to student working memory capacity. Opdenacker C, Fierens H, Brabant HV, Sevenants J, Spruyt J, Slootmaekers P, Johnstone A, Int J Sci Educ 1990 12 2 177 185 10.1080/0950069900120206
    • (1990) Int J Sci Educ , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 177-185
    • Opdenacker, C.1    Fierens, H.2    Brabant, H.V.3    Sevenants, J.4    Spruyt, J.5    Slootmaekers, P.6    Johnstone, A.7
  • 21
    • 0000819688 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning
    • Cognitive load during problem solving: effects on learning. Sweller J, Cognit Sci 1988 12 2 257 285
    • (1988) Cognit Sci , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 257-285
    • Sweller, J.1
  • 22
    • 84945136529 scopus 로고
    • Why some material is difficult to learn
    • 10.1207/s1532690xci1203-1
    • Why some material is difficult to learn. Sweller J, Chandler P, Cognit Instruct 1994 12 3 185 233 10.1207/s1532690xci1203-1
    • (1994) Cognit Instruct , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 185-233
    • Sweller, J.1    Chandler, P.2
  • 23
    • 84889241941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of an instrument for measuring different types of cognitive load
    • 10.3758/s13428-013-0334-1
    • Development of an instrument for measuring different types of cognitive load. Leppink J, Paas F, Van der Vleuten CP, Van Gog T, Van Merriënboer JJ, Behav Res Meth 2013 45 4 1058 1072 10.3758/s13428-013-0334-1
    • (2013) Behav Res Meth , vol.45 , Issue.4 , pp. 1058-1072
    • Leppink, J.1    Paas, F.2    Van Der Vleuten, C.P.3    Van Gog, T.4    Van Merriënboer, J.J.5
  • 25
    • 78651288965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive load theory: How many types of load does it really need?
    • 10.1007/s10648-010-9150-7
    • Cognitive load theory: how many types of load does it really need? Kalyuga S, Educ Psychol Rev 2011 23 1 1 19 10.1007/s10648-010-9150-7
    • (2011) Educ Psychol Rev , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-19
    • Kalyuga, S.1
  • 26
    • 33749594278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working memory, fluid intelligence, and science learning
    • 10.1016/j.edurev.2006.08.005
    • Working memory, fluid intelligence, and science learning. Yuan K, Steedle J, Shavelson R, Alonzo A, Oppezzo M, Educ Res Rev 2006 1 2 83 98 10.1016/j.edurev.2006.08.005
    • (2006) Educ Res Rev , vol.1 , Issue.2 , pp. 83-98
    • Yuan, K.1    Steedle, J.2    Shavelson, R.3    Alonzo, A.4    Oppezzo, M.5
  • 27
    • 77049312286 scopus 로고
    • Medical education based on interdepartmental cooperation
    • 10.1001/jama.1956.02970080027009 13318990
    • Medical education based on interdepartmental cooperation. Caughey JL Jr, J Am Med Assoc 1956 161 8 697 699 10.1001/jama.1956.02970080027009 13318990
    • (1956) J Am Med Assoc , vol.161 , Issue.8 , pp. 697-699
    • Caughey Jr., J.L.1
  • 28
    • 0025861062 scopus 로고
    • Effects of conventional and problem-based medical curricula on problem solving
    • 10.1097/00001888-199107000-00002 2059263
    • Effects of conventional and problem-based medical curricula on problem solving. Patel VL, Groen GJ, Norman GR, Acad Med 1991 66 7 380 389 10.1097/00001888-199107000-00002 2059263
    • (1991) Acad Med , vol.66 , Issue.7 , pp. 380-389
    • Patel, V.L.1    Groen, G.J.2    Norman, G.R.3
  • 29
    • 0027510161 scopus 로고
    • Problem-based learning: A review of literature on its outcomes and implementation issues
    • 10.1097/00001888-199301000-00012 8447896
    • Problem-based learning: a review of literature on its outcomes and implementation issues. Albanese MA, Mitchell S, Acad Med 1993 68 1 52 81 10.1097/00001888-199301000-00012 8447896
    • (1993) Acad Med , vol.68 , Issue.1 , pp. 52-81
    • Albanese, M.A.1    Mitchell, S.2
  • 30
    • 0027421413 scopus 로고
    • Problem-based learning: Have the expectations been met?
    • 10.1097/00001888-199310000-00053
    • Problem-based learning: have the expectations been met? Berkson L, Acad Med 1993 68 10 79 S88 10.1097/00001888-199310000-00053
    • (1993) Acad Med , vol.68 , Issue.10
    • Berkson, L.1
  • 31
    • 0034013872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of problem-based learning curricula: Research and theory
    • 10.1097/00001888-200003000-00017 10724315
    • Effectiveness of problem-based learning curricula: research and theory. Colliver JA, Acad Med 2000 75 3 259 266 10.1097/00001888-200003000-00017 10724315
    • (2000) Acad Med , vol.75 , Issue.3 , pp. 259-266
    • Colliver, J.A.1
  • 32
    • 24344491479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problem-based learning: A dissemination success story?
    • 16138801
    • Problem-based learning: a dissemination success story? Sanson-Fisher RW, Lynagh MC, Med J Aust 2005 183 5 258 16138801
    • (2005) Med J Aust , vol.183 , Issue.5 , pp. 258
    • Sanson-Fisher, R.W.1    Lynagh, M.C.2
  • 33
    • 34347345016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why minimally guided teaching techniques do not work: A reply to commentaries
    • 10.1080/00461520701263426
    • Why minimally guided teaching techniques do not work: a reply to commentaries. Sweller J, Kirschner PA, Clark RE, Educ Psychol 2007 42 2 115 121 10.1080/00461520701263426
    • (2007) Educ Psychol , vol.42 , Issue.2 , pp. 115-121
    • Sweller, J.1    Kirschner, P.A.2    Clark, R.E.3
  • 35
    • 34250845893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What kind of curriculum can better address community needs? Problems arisen by hypothetical-deductive reasoning
    • 10.1007/s10916-007-9052-5 17622019
    • What kind of curriculum can better address community needs? Problems arisen by hypothetical-deductive reasoning. Haeri A, Hemmati P, Yaman H, J Med Syst 2007 31 3 173 177 10.1007/s10916-007-9052-5 17622019
    • (2007) J Med Syst , vol.31 , Issue.3 , pp. 173-177
    • Haeri, A.1    Hemmati, P.2    Yaman, H.3
  • 36
    • 0024757309 scopus 로고
    • Recall by expert medical practitioners and novices as a record of processing attention
    • Recall by expert medical practitioners and novices as a record of processing attention. Norman GR, Brooks LR, Allen SW, J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cognit 1989 15 6 1166
    • (1989) J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cognit , vol.15 , Issue.6 , pp. 1166
    • Norman, G.R.1    Brooks, L.R.2    Allen, S.W.3
  • 37
    • 84856734061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evolutionary upgrade of cognitive load theory: Using the human motor system and collaboration to support the learning of complex cognitive tasks
    • 10.1007/s10648-011-9179-2
    • An evolutionary upgrade of cognitive load theory: using the human motor system and collaboration to support the learning of complex cognitive tasks. Paas F, Sweller J, Educ Psychol Rev 2012 24 1 27 45 10.1007/s10648-011-9179-2
    • (2012) Educ Psychol Rev , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-45
    • Paas, F.1    Sweller, J.2
  • 38
    • 21344478239 scopus 로고
    • What goes around comes around: Return of the hypotheticodeductive strategy
    • 10.1080/10401339409539658
    • What goes around comes around: return of the hypotheticodeductive strategy. Elstein AS, Teach Learn Med 1994 6 2 121 123 10.1080/10401339409539658
    • (1994) Teach Learn Med , vol.6 , Issue.2 , pp. 121-123
    • Elstein, A.S.1
  • 39
    • 0015903824 scopus 로고
    • Skill in chess: Experiments with chess-playing tasks and computer simulation of skilled performance throw light on some human perceptual and memory processes
    • Skill in chess: experiments with chess-playing tasks and computer simulation of skilled performance throw light on some human perceptual and memory processes. Simon HA, Chase WG, Am Sci 1973 61 4 394 403
    • (1973) Am Sci , vol.61 , Issue.4 , pp. 394-403
    • Simon, H.A.1    Chase, W.G.2
  • 40
    • 0001350523 scopus 로고
    • Role of high-level knowledge in memory for chess positions
    • 10.2307/1423181
    • Role of high-level knowledge in memory for chess positions. Cooke NJ, Atlas RS, Lane DM, Am J Psychol 1993 106 3 321 351 10.2307/1423181
    • (1993) Am J Psychol , vol.106 , Issue.3 , pp. 321-351
    • Cooke, N.J.1    Atlas, R.S.2    Lane, D.M.3
  • 41
    • 67449095162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowledge elaboration: A cognitive load perspective
    • 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2009.02.003
    • Knowledge elaboration: a cognitive load perspective. Kalyuga S, Learn Instruct 2009 19 5 402 410 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2009.02.003
    • (2009) Learn Instruct , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 402-410
    • Kalyuga, S.1
  • 42
    • 0027159866 scopus 로고
    • On the origin of intermediate effects in clinical case recall
    • 10.3758/BF03208266 8316096
    • On the origin of intermediate effects in clinical case recall. Schmidt HG, Boshuizen HP, Mem Cognit 1993 21 3 338 351 10.3758/BF03208266 8316096
    • (1993) Mem Cognit , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 338-351
    • Schmidt, H.G.1    Boshuizen, H.P.2
  • 43
    • 0038536549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowledge encapsulation and the intermediate effect
    • 10.1006/ceps.1998.1000 10753544
    • Knowledge encapsulation and the intermediate effect. Rikers RM, Schmidt HG, Boshuizen H, Contemp Educ Psychol 2000 25 2 150 166 10.1006/ceps.1998.1000 10753544
    • (2000) Contemp Educ Psychol , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 150-166
    • Rikers, R.M.1    Schmidt, H.G.2    Boshuizen, H.3
  • 44
    • 17044418871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research in clinical reasoning: Past history and current trends
    • 10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02127.x 15813765
    • Research in clinical reasoning: past history and current trends. Norman G, Med Educ 2005 39 4 418 427 10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02127.x 15813765
    • (2005) Med Educ , vol.39 , Issue.4 , pp. 418-427
    • Norman, G.1
  • 45
    • 0025011741 scopus 로고
    • A cognitive perspective on medical expertise: Theory and implication [published erratum appears in Acad Med 1992 Apr; 67 (4): 287]
    • 10.1097/00001888-199010000-00001 2261032
    • A cognitive perspective on medical expertise: theory and implication [published erratum appears in Acad Med 1992 Apr; 67 (4): 287]. Schmidt H, Norman G, Boshuizen H, Acad Med 1990 65 10 611 621 10.1097/00001888-199010000-00001 2261032
    • (1990) Acad Med , vol.65 , Issue.10 , pp. 611-621
    • Schmidt, H.1    Norman, G.2    Boshuizen, H.3
  • 46
    • 58149207085 scopus 로고
    • Reasoning ability is (little more than) working-memory capacity?!
    • 10.1016/S0160-2896(05)80012-1
    • Reasoning ability is (little more than) working-memory capacity?! Kyllonen PC, Christal RE, Intell 1990 14 4 389 433 10.1016/S0160-2896(05)80012-1
    • (1990) Intell , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. 389-433
    • Kyllonen, P.C.1    Christal, R.E.2
  • 47
    • 84864022406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should we teach using schemas? Evidence from a randomised trial
    • 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2012.04311.x 22803759
    • Should we teach using schemas? Evidence from a randomised trial. Blissett S, Cavalcanti RB, Sibbald M, Med Educ 2012 46 8 815 822 10.1111/j.1365-2923. 2012.04311.x 22803759
    • (2012) Med Educ , vol.46 , Issue.8 , pp. 815-822
    • Blissett, S.1    Cavalcanti, R.B.2    Sibbald, M.3
  • 48
    • 84963474629 scopus 로고
    • The use of worked examples as a substitute for problem solving in learning algebra
    • 10.1207/s1532690xci0201-3
    • The use of worked examples as a substitute for problem solving in learning algebra. Sweller J, Cooper GA, Cognit Instruct 1985 2 1 59 89 10.1207/s1532690xci0201-3
    • (1985) Cognit Instruct , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-89
    • Sweller, J.1    Cooper, G.A.2
  • 49
    • 0001399281 scopus 로고
    • Effects of schema acquisition and rule automation on mathematical problem-solving transfer
    • Effects of schema acquisition and rule automation on mathematical problem-solving transfer. Cooper G, Sweller J, J Educat Psychol 1987 79 4 347
    • (1987) J Educat Psychol , vol.79 , Issue.4 , pp. 347
    • Cooper, G.1    Sweller, J.2
  • 50
    • 0028918039 scopus 로고
    • Developing a clinical presentation curriculum at the University of Calgary
    • 10.1097/00001888-199503000-00008 7873005
    • Developing a" clinical presentation" curriculum at the University of Calgary. Mandin H, Harasym P, Eagle C, Watanabe M, Acad Med 1995 70 3 186 193 10.1097/00001888-199503000-00008 7873005
    • (1995) Acad Med , vol.70 , Issue.3 , pp. 186-193
    • Mandin, H.1    Harasym, P.2    Eagle, C.3    Watanabe, M.4
  • 51
    • 0032352705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementing a clinical presentation curriculum: Impact on student stress and workload
    • 10.1207/S15328015TLM1001-8
    • Implementing a clinical presentation curriculum: impact on student stress and workload. Woloschuk W, Harasym P, Mandin H, Teach Learn Med 1998 10 1 44 50 10.1207/S15328015TLM1001-8
    • (1998) Teach Learn Med , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 44-50
    • Woloschuk, W.1    Harasym, P.2    Mandin, H.3
  • 52
    • 70349852521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of long-term outcomes of the impact of curriculum: A comparison of the three-and four-year medical school curricula
    • 10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181b6c08e 19881418
    • An analysis of long-term outcomes of the impact of curriculum: a comparison of the three-and four-year medical school curricula. Lockyer JM, Violato C, Wright BJ, Fidler HM, Acad Med 2009 84 10 1342 1347 10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181b6c08e 19881418
    • (2009) Acad Med , vol.84 , Issue.10 , pp. 1342-1347
    • Lockyer, J.M.1    Violato, C.2    Wright, B.J.3    Fidler, H.M.4
  • 53
    • 55649103044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of medical cognition in medical curriculum reform in Taiwan
    • 10.1016/S1875-9572(08)60013-3 18946999
    • The use of medical cognition in medical curriculum reform in Taiwan. Tsai T-C, Pediatr Neonatol 2008 49 3 53 57 10.1016/S1875-9572(08)60013-3 18946999
    • (2008) Pediatr Neonatol , vol.49 , Issue.3 , pp. 53-57
    • Tsai, T.-C.1
  • 54
    • 70450203672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do worked examples foster medical students' diagnostic knowledge of hyperthyroidism?
    • 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03531.x 19930513
    • Do worked examples foster medical students' diagnostic knowledge of hyperthyroidism? Kopp V, Stark R, Kühne-Eversmann L, Fischer MR, Med Educ 2009 43 12 1210 1217 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03531.x 19930513
    • (2009) Med Educ , vol.43 , Issue.12 , pp. 1210-1217
    • Kopp, V.1    Stark, R.2    Kühne-Eversmann, L.3    Fischer, M.R.4
  • 55
    • 84878165132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acquisition of visual perceptual skills from worked examples: Learning to interpret electrocardiograms (ECGs)
    • 10.1080/10494820.2011.554422
    • Acquisition of visual perceptual skills from worked examples: learning to interpret electrocardiograms (ECGs). van den Berge K, van Gog T, Mamede S, Schmidt HG, van Saase JL, Rikers RM, Interact Learn Environ 2013 21 3 263 272 10.1080/10494820.2011.554422
    • (2013) Interact Learn Environ , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 263-272
    • Van Den Berge, K.1    Van Gog, T.2    Mamede, S.3    Schmidt, H.G.4    Van Saase, J.L.5    Rikers, R.M.6
  • 56
    • 84881490595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of modelling examples in complex procedural skills training: A randomised study
    • 10.1111/medu.12199 23931538
    • Effects of modelling examples in complex procedural skills training: a randomised study. Bjerrum AS, Hilberg O, van Gog T, Charles P, Eika B, Med Educ 2013 47 9 888 898 10.1111/medu.12199 23931538
    • (2013) Med Educ , vol.47 , Issue.9 , pp. 888-898
    • Bjerrum, A.S.1    Hilberg, O.2    Van Gog, T.3    Charles, P.4    Eika, B.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.