메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 144, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 467-478

Breast cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa: Opportunities for prevention

Author keywords

Breast cancer; Etiology; Incidence; Mortality; Prevention; Sub Saharan africa

Indexed keywords

HORMONE RECEPTOR;

EID: 84899476777     PISSN: 01676806     EISSN: 15737217     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10549-014-2868-z     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (157)

References (84)
  • 2
    • 83655167298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A million Africans a year dying from cancer by 2030: What can cancer research and control offer to the continent?
    • Sylla BS, Wild CP (2012) A million Africans a year dying from cancer by 2030: what can cancer research and control offer to the continent? Int J Cancer 130:245-250
    • (2012) Int J Cancer , vol.130 , pp. 245-250
    • Sylla, B.S.1    Wild, C.P.2
  • 3
    • 84865972569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer burden in Africa and opportunities for prevention
    • Jemal A, Bray F, Forman D et al (2012) Cancer burden in Africa and opportunities for prevention. Cancer 118:4372-4384
    • (2012) Cancer , vol.118 , pp. 4372-4384
    • Jemal, A.1    Bray, F.2    Forman, D.3
  • 5
    • 84869492886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global burden of cancer in 2008: A systematic analysis of disability-adjusted life-years in 12 world regions
    • Soerjomataram I, Lortet-Tieulent J, Parkin DM et al (2012) Global burden of cancer in 2008: a systematic analysis of disability-adjusted life-years in 12 world regions. Lancet 380:1840-1850
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.380 , pp. 1840-1850
    • Soerjomataram, I.1    Lortet-Tieulent, J.2    Parkin, D.M.3
  • 8
    • 45849107176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Part I: Cancer in Indigenous Africans-burden, distribution, and trends
    • DOI 10.1016/S1470-2045(08)70175-X, PII S147020450870175X
    • Parkin DM, Sitas F, Chirenje M, Stein L, Abratt R, Wabinga H (2008) Cancer in Indigenous Africans - burden, distribution, and trends. Lancet Oncol 9:683-692 (Pubitemid 351878054)
    • (2008) The Lancet Oncology , vol.9 , Issue.7 , pp. 683-692
    • Parkin, D.M.1    Sitas, F.2    Chirenje, M.3    Stein, L.4    Abratt, R.5    Wabinga, H.6
  • 10
    • 84878019413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in the incidence of cancer in the black population of Harare, Zimbabwe 1991-2010
    • Chokunonga E, Borok MZ, Chirenje ZM, Nyakabau AM, Parkin DM (2013) Trends in the incidence of cancer in the black population of Harare, Zimbabwe 1991-2010. Int J Cancer 133:721-729
    • (2013) Int J Cancer , vol.133 , pp. 721-729
    • Chokunonga, E.1    Borok, M.Z.2    Chirenje, Z.M.3    Nyakabau, A.M.4    Parkin, D.M.5
  • 11
    • 84884134453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breast cancer in pre-menopausal women in West Africa: Analysis of temporal trends and evaluation of risk factors associated with reproductive life
    • Sighoko D, Kamate B, Traore C et al (2013) Breast cancer in pre-menopausal women in West Africa: analysis of temporal trends and evaluation of risk factors associated with reproductive life. Breast 22:828-835
    • (2013) Breast , vol.22 , pp. 828-835
    • Sighoko, D.1    Kamate, B.2    Traore, C.3
  • 18
    • 84888290796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breast cancer risk among women with long-standing lactation and reproductive parameters at low risk level: A case-control study in Northern Tanzania
    • doi 10.1007/s10549-010-1255-7
    • Jordan I, Hebestreit A, Swai B, Krawinkel MB (2010). Breast cancer risk among women with long-standing lactation and reproductive parameters at low risk level: a case-control study in Northern Tanzania. Breast Cancer ResTreat. doi 10.1007/s10549-010-1255-7
    • (2010) Breast Cancer ResTreat
    • Jordan, I.1    Hebestreit, A.2    Swai, B.3    Krawinkel, M.B.4
  • 20
    • 0033568162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lactation and breast carcinoma risk in a South African population
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19990915)86:6<982::AID
    • Coogan PF, Rosenberg L, Shapiro S, Hoffman M (1999) Lactation and breast carcinoma risk in a South African population. Cancer 86:982-989 (Pubitemid 29439852)
    • (1999) Cancer , vol.86 , Issue.6 , pp. 982-989
    • Coogan, P.F.1    Rosenberg, L.2    Shapiro, S.3    Hoffman, M.4
  • 21
    • 0034163568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic factors and breast carcinoma in multicultural women
    • Baquet CR, Commiskey P (2000) Socioeconomic factors and breast carcinoma in multicultural women. Cancer 88:1256-1264 (Pubitemid 30129741)
    • (2000) Cancer , vol.88 , Issue.5 SUPPL. , pp. 1256-1264
    • Baquet, C.R.1    Commiskey, P.2
  • 23
    • 47849124880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Part II: Cancer in Indigenous Africans-causes and control
    • DOI 10.1016/S1470-2045(08)70198-0, PII S1470204508701980
    • Sitas F, Parkin DM, Chirenje M, Stein L, Abratt R, Wabinga\ H (2008) Cancer in Indigenous Africans - causes and control. Lancet Oncol 9:786-795 (Pubitemid 352038317)
    • (2008) The Lancet Oncology , vol.9 , Issue.8 , pp. 786-795
    • Sitas, F.1    Parkin, D.M.2    Chirenje, M.3    Stein, L.4    Abratt, R.5    Wabinga, H.6
  • 24
    • 84858961255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Injectable and oral contraceptive use and cancers of the breast, cervix, ovary, and endometrium in black South African women: Case-control study
    • Urban M, Banks E, Egger S et al (2012) Injectable and oral contraceptive use and cancers of the breast, cervix, ovary, and endometrium in black South African women: case-control study. PLoS Med 9:e1001182
    • (2012) PLoS Med , vol.9
    • Urban, M.1    Banks, E.2    Egger, S.3
  • 25
    • 77956936214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Case-control study of body size and breast cancer risk in Nigerian women
    • Ogundiran TO, Huo D, Adenipekun A et al (2010) Case-control study of body size and breast cancer risk in Nigerian women. Am J Epidemiol 172:682-690
    • (2010) Am J Epidemiol , vol.172 , pp. 682-690
    • Ogundiran, T.O.1    Huo, D.2    Adenipekun, A.3
  • 26
    • 84862505591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body fat distribution and breast cancer risk: Findings from the Nigerian breast cancer study
    • Ogundiran TO, Huo D, Adenipekun A et al (2012) Body fat distribution and breast cancer risk: findings from the Nigerian breast cancer study. Cancer Causes Control 23:565-574
    • (2012) Cancer Causes Control , vol.23 , pp. 565-574
    • Ogundiran, T.O.1    Huo, D.2    Adenipekun, A.3
  • 28
    • 84879553543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary patterns and breast cancer risk among women in northern Tanzania: A case-control study
    • Jordan I, Hebestreit A, Swai B, Krawinkel MB (2013) Dietary patterns and breast cancer risk among women in northern Tanzania: a case-control study. Eur J Nutr 52:905-915
    • (2013) Eur J Nutr , vol.52 , pp. 905-915
    • Jordan, I.1    Hebestreit, A.2    Swai, B.3    Krawinkel, M.B.4
  • 29
    • 58149381884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptin receptor Gln223Arg polymorphism and breast cancer risk in Nigerian women: A case control study
    • Okobia MN, Bunker CH, Garte SJ et al (2008) Leptin receptor Gln223Arg polymorphism and breast cancer risk in Nigerian women: a case control study. BMC Cancer 8:338
    • (2008) BMC Cancer , vol.8 , pp. 338
    • Okobia, M.N.1    Bunker, C.H.2    Garte, S.J.3
  • 30
    • 60349095031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytochrome P450 1B1 Val432Leu polymorphism and breast cancer risk in Nigerian women: A case control study
    • Okobia MN, Bunker CH, Garte SJ et al (2009) Cytochrome P450 1B1 Val432Leu polymorphism and breast cancer risk in Nigerian women: a case control study. Infect Agent Cancer 4(Suppl 1):S12
    • (2009) Infect Agent Cancer , vol.4 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Okobia, M.N.1    Bunker, C.H.2    Garte, S.J.3
  • 31
    • 59249091675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances and remaining gaps in our knowledge of associations between gut microbiota and human health
    • Mai V, Draganov PV (2009) Recent advances and remaining gaps in our knowledge of associations between gut microbiota and human health. World J Gastroenterol 15:81-85
    • (2009) World J Gastroenterol , vol.15 , pp. 81-85
    • Mai, V.1    Draganov, P.V.2
  • 32
    • 33645226804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breast cancer, oestrogens and environmental pollutants: A re-evaluation from a mixture perspective
    • Kortenkamp A (2006) Breast cancer, oestrogens and environmental pollutants: a re-evaluation from a mixture perspective. Int J Androl 29:193-198
    • (2006) Int J Androl , vol.29 , pp. 193-198
    • Kortenkamp, A.1
  • 33
    • 62949084488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xenoestrogens may be the cause of high and increasing rates of hormone receptor positive breast cancer in the world
    • Dey S, Soliman AS, Merajver SD (2009) Xenoestrogens may be the cause of high and increasing rates of hormone receptor positive breast cancer in the world. Med Hypotheses 72:652-656
    • (2009) Med Hypotheses , vol.72 , pp. 652-656
    • Dey, S.1    Soliman, A.S.2    Merajver, S.D.3
  • 34
    • 35148833686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of hair relaxers in women in Nakuru, Kenya
    • Etemesi BA (2007) Impact of hair relaxers in women in Nakuru, Kenya. Int J Dermatol 46(Suppl 1):23-25
    • (2007) Int J Dermatol , vol.46 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 23-25
    • Etemesi, B.A.1
  • 35
    • 34250347998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hair relaxers not associated with breast cancer risk: Evidence from the black women's health study
    • DOI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0946
    • Rosenberg L, Boggs DA, Adams-Campbell LL, Palmer JR (2007) Hair relaxers not associated with breast cancer risk: evidence from the black women's health study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16:1035-1037 (Pubitemid 46910110)
    • (2007) Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention , vol.16 , Issue.5 , pp. 1035-1037
    • Rosenberg, L.1    Boggs, D.A.2    Adams-Campbell, L.L.3    Palmer, J.R.4
  • 36
    • 84857517174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hair relaxer use and risk of uterine leiomyomata in african-american women
    • Wise LA, Palmer JR, Reich D, Cozier YC, Rosenberg L (2012) Hair relaxer use and risk of uterine leiomyomata in african-american women. Am J Epidemiol 175:432-440
    • (2012) Am J Epidemiol , vol.175 , pp. 432-440
    • Wise, L.A.1    Palmer, J.R.2    Reich, D.3    Cozier, Y.C.4    Rosenberg, L.5
  • 40
    • 84875701351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomewide association studies identify four ER negative-specific breast cancer risk loci
    • Garcia-Closas M, Couch FJ, Lindstrom S et al (2013) Genomewide association studies identify four ER negative-specific breast cancer risk loci. Nat Genet 45:392
    • (2013) Nat Genet , vol.45 , pp. 392
    • Garcia-Closas, M.1    Couch, F.J.2    Lindstrom, S.3
  • 41
    • 84875703379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale genotyping identifies 41 new loci associated with breast cancer risk
    • Michailidou K, Hall P, Gonzalez-Neira A et al (2013) Large-scale genotyping identifies 41 new loci associated with breast cancer risk. Nat Genet 45:353
    • (2013) Nat Genet , vol.45 , pp. 353
    • Michailidou, K.1    Hall, P.2    Gonzalez-Neira, A.3
  • 42
    • 84872329858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genome-wide association study of breast cancer in women of African ancestry
    • Chen F, Chen GK, Stram DO et al (2013) A genome-wide association study of breast cancer in women of African ancestry. Hum Genet 132:39-48
    • (2013) Hum Genet , vol.132 , pp. 39-48
    • Chen, F.1    Chen, G.K.2    Stram, D.O.3
  • 44
    • 79551694006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations of breast cancer risk factors with tumor subtypes: A pooled analysis from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium studies
    • Yang XR, Chang-Claude J, Goode EL et al (2011) Associations of breast cancer risk factors with tumor subtypes: a pooled analysis from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium studies. J Natl Cancer Inst 103:250-263
    • (2011) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.103 , pp. 250-263
    • Yang, X.R.1    Chang-Claude, J.2    Goode, E.L.3
  • 46
    • 84866553648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular characteristics and prognostic features of breast cancer in Nigerian compared with UK women
    • Agboola AJ, Musa AA, Wanangwa N et al (2012) Molecular characteristics and prognostic features of breast cancer in Nigerian compared with UK women. Breast Cancer Res Treat 135:555-569
    • (2012) Breast Cancer Res Treat , vol.135 , pp. 555-569
    • Agboola, A.J.1    Musa, A.A.2    Wanangwa, N.3
  • 48
    • 46149087263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poor hormone receptor expression in East African breast cancer: Evidence of a biologically different disease?
    • Bird PA, Hill AG, Houssami N (2008) Poor hormone receptor expression in East African breast cancer: evidence of a biologically different disease? Ann Surg Oncol 15:1983-1988
    • (2008) Ann Surg Oncol , vol.15 , pp. 1983-1988
    • Bird, P.A.1    Hill, A.G.2    Houssami, N.3
  • 49
    • 78751515224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and epidemiologic profile of breast cancer in Tanzania
    • Burson AM, Soliman AS, Ngoma TA et al (2010) Clinical and epidemiologic profile of breast cancer in Tanzania. Breast Dis 31:33-41
    • (2010) Breast Dis , vol.31 , pp. 33-41
    • Burson, A.M.1    Soliman, A.S.2    Ngoma, T.A.3
  • 50
    • 28344432625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinicopathological features and molecular markers of breast cancer in Jos, Nigeria
    • Gukas ID, Jennings BA, Mandong BM et al (2005) Clinicopathological features and molecular markers of breast cancer in Jos, Nigeria. West Afr J Med 24:209-213
    • (2005) West Afr J Med , vol.24 , pp. 209-213
    • Gukas, I.D.1    Jennings, B.A.2    Mandong, B.M.3
  • 51
    • 71049148231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population differences in breast cancer: Survey in indigenous African women reveals over-representation of triple-negative breast cancer
    • Huo D, Ikpatt F, Khramtsov A et al (2009) Population differences in breast cancer: survey in indigenous African women reveals over-representation of triple-negative breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 27:4515-4521
    • (2009) J Clin Oncol , vol.27 , pp. 4515-4521
    • Huo, D.1    Ikpatt, F.2    Khramtsov, A.3
  • 52
    • 4644257046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oestrogen and progesterone receptors in Nigerian breast cancer: Relationship to tumour histopathology and survival of patients
    • Ikpatt OF, Ndoma-Egba R (2003) Oestrogen and progesterone receptors in Nigerian breast cancer: relationship to tumour histopathology and survival of patients. Cent Afr J Med 49:122-126
    • (2003) Cent Afr J Med , vol.49 , pp. 122-126
    • Ikpatt, O.F.1    Ndoma-Egba, R.2
  • 53
    • 84865841848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High incidence of triple-negative tumors in sub-saharan Africa: A prospective study of breast cancer characteristics and risk factors in Malian women seen in a Bamako university hospital
    • Ly M, Antoine M, Dembele AK et al (2012) High incidence of triple-negative tumors in sub-saharan Africa: a prospective study of breast cancer characteristics and risk factors in Malian women seen in a Bamako university hospital. Oncology 83:257-263
    • (2012) Oncology , vol.83 , pp. 257-263
    • Ly, M.1    Antoine, M.2    Dembele, A.K.3
  • 54
    • 33645825219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Routine assessment of hormonal receptor and her-2/neu status underscores the need for more therapeutic targets in Kenyan women with breast cancer
    • Nyagol J, Nyong'o A, Byakika B et al (2006) Routine assessment of hormonal receptor and her-2/neu status underscores the need for more therapeutic targets in Kenyan women with breast cancer. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 28:97-103
    • (2006) Anal Quant Cytol Histol , vol.28 , pp. 97-103
    • Nyagol, J.1    Nyong'O, A.2    Byakika, B.3
  • 55
    • 84866455237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breast cancer in Kumasi, Ghana
    • Ohene-Yeboah M, Adjei E (2012) Breast cancer in Kumasi, Ghana. Ghana Med J 46:8-13
    • (2012) Ghana Med J , vol.46 , pp. 8-13
    • Ohene-Yeboah, M.1    Adjei, E.2
  • 56
    • 78249243445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African ancestry and higher prevalence of triple-negative breast cancer: Findings from an international study
    • Stark A, Kleer CG, Martin I et al (2010) African ancestry and higher prevalence of triple-negative breast cancer: findings from an international study. Cancer 116:4926-4932
    • (2010) Cancer , vol.116 , pp. 4926-4932
    • Stark, A.1    Kleer, C.G.2    Martin, I.3
  • 57
    • 51349102640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone receptor and HER-2 expression in breast cancers among Sub-Saharan African women
    • Yarney J, Vanderpuye V, Clegg Lamptey JN (2008) Hormone receptor and HER-2 expression in breast cancers among Sub-Saharan African women. Breast J 14:510-511
    • (2008) Breast J , vol.14 , pp. 510-511
    • Yarney, J.1    Vanderpuye, V.2    Clegg Lamptey, J.N.3
  • 58
    • 84883893097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breast cancer receptor status and stage at diagnosis in over 1,200 consecutive public hospital patients in Soweto, South Africa: A case series
    • McCormack VA, Joffe M, van den Berg E et al (2013) Breast cancer receptor status and stage at diagnosis in over 1,200 consecutive public hospital patients in Soweto, South Africa: a case series. Breast Cancer Res 15:R84
    • (2013) Breast Cancer Res , vol.15
    • McCormack, V.A.1    Joffe, M.2    Van Den Berg, E.3
  • 59
    • 77952395347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychosocial aspects of breast cancer treatment in Accra, Ghana
    • Clegg-Lamptey JN, Dakubo JC, Attobra YN (2009) Psychosocial aspects of breast cancer treatment in Accra, Ghana. East Afr Med J 86:348-353
    • (2009) East Afr Med J , vol.86 , pp. 348-353
    • Clegg-Lamptey, J.N.1    Dakubo, J.C.2    Attobra, Y.N.3
  • 60
    • 84862515717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socio-demographic factors and reasons associated with delay in breast cancer presentation: A study in Nigerian women
    • Ibrahim NA, Oludara MA (2012) Socio-demographic factors and reasons associated with delay in breast cancer presentation: a study in Nigerian women. Breast 21:416-418
    • (2012) Breast , vol.21 , pp. 416-418
    • Ibrahim, N.A.1    Oludara, M.A.2
  • 61
    • 84872326642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of users and implications for the use of complementary and alternative medicine in Ghanaian cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy: A cross-sectional study
    • Yarney J, Donkor A, Opoku SY et al (2013) Characteristics of users and implications for the use of complementary and alternative medicine in Ghanaian cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study. BMC Complement Altern Med 13:16
    • (2013) BMC Complement Altern Med , vol.13 , pp. 16
    • Yarney, J.1    Donkor, A.2    Opoku, S.Y.3
  • 62
    • 33744525596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The severity, outcome and challenges of breast cancer in Nigeria
    • DOI 10.1016/j.breast.2005.06.008, PII S0960977605001402
    • Adesunkanmi AR, Lawal OO, Adelusola KA, Durosimi MA (2006) The severity, outcome and challenges of breast cancer in Nigeria. Breast 15:399-409 (Pubitemid 43812214)
    • (2006) Breast , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 399-409
    • Adesunkanmi, A.R.K.1    Lawal, O.O.2    Adelusola, K.A.3    Durosimi, M.A.4
  • 63
    • 80052470395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mixed-method assessment of beliefs and practice around breast cancer in Ethiopia: Implications for public health programming and cancer control
    • De Ver DT, Bogale S, Hobden C et al (2011) A mixed-method assessment of beliefs and practice around breast cancer in Ethiopia: implications for public health programming and cancer control. Glob Public Health 6:719-731
    • (2011) Glob Public Health , vol.6 , pp. 719-731
    • De Ver, D.T.1    Bogale, S.2    Hobden, C.3
  • 64
    • 79953051295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why do breast cancer patients report late or abscond during treatment in Ghana? A pilot study
    • Clegg-Lamptey J, Dakubo J, Attobra YN (2009) Why do breast cancer patients report late or abscond during treatment in Ghana? A pilot study. Ghana Med J 43:127-131
    • (2009) Ghana Med J , vol.43 , pp. 127-131
    • Clegg-Lamptey, J.1    Dakubo, J.2    Attobra, Y.N.3
  • 65
    • 77955159791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychosocial effects of mastectomy on married African women in Northwestern Nigeria
    • Odigie VI, Tanaka R, Yusufu LM et al (2010) Psychosocial effects of mastectomy on married African women in Northwestern Nigeria. Psychooncology 19:893-897
    • (2010) Psychooncology , vol.19 , pp. 893-897
    • Odigie, V.I.1    Tanaka, R.2    Yusufu, L.M.3
  • 66
    • 33644908470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowledge, attitude and practice of Nigerian women towards breast cancer: A cross-sectional study
    • Okobia MN, Bunker CH, Okonofua FE, Osime U (2006) Knowledge, attitude and practice of Nigerian women towards breast cancer: a cross-sectional study. World J Surg Oncol 4:11
    • (2006) World J Surg Oncol , vol.4 , pp. 11
    • Okobia, M.N.1    Bunker, C.H.2    Okonofua, F.E.3    Osime, U.4
  • 68
    • 84879788384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breast cancer risks and screening practices among women living in a resource poor community in Tshwane, South Africa
    • Maree J, Wright S, Lu X (2013) Breast cancer risks and screening practices among women living in a resource poor community in Tshwane, South Africa. Breast J 19:453-454
    • (2013) Breast J , vol.19 , pp. 453-454
    • Maree, J.1    Wright, S.2    Lu, X.3
  • 69
    • 0036589553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rural and urban South African women's awareness of cancers of the breast and cervix
    • Pillay AL (2002) Rural and urban South African women's awareness of cancers of the breast and cervix. Ethn Health 7:103-114
    • (2002) Ethn Health , vol.7 , pp. 103-114
    • Pillay, A.L.1
  • 70
    • 84871182902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breast self-examination and breast cancer awareness in women in developing countries: A survey of women in Buea, Cameroon
    • Suh MA, Atashili J, Fuh EA, Eta VA (2012) Breast self-examination and breast cancer awareness in women in developing countries: a survey of women in Buea, Cameroon. BMC Res Notes 5:627
    • (2012) BMC Res Notes , vol.5 , pp. 627
    • Suh, M.A.1    Atashili, J.2    Fuh, E.A.3    Eta, V.A.4
  • 71
    • 77956693876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delays in presentation and treatment of breast cancer in Enugu, Nigeria
    • Ezeome ER (2010) Delays in presentation and treatment of breast cancer in Enugu, Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract 13:311-316
    • (2010) Niger J Clin Pract , vol.13 , pp. 311-316
    • Ezeome, E.R.1
  • 73
    • 84865278664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, behaviour and breast cancer screening practices in Ghana, West Africa
    • Opoku SY, Benwell M, Yarney J (2012) Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, behaviour and breast cancer screening practices in Ghana, West Africa. Pan Afr Med J 11:28
    • (2012) Pan Afr Med J , vol.11 , pp. 28
    • Opoku, S.Y.1    Benwell, M.2    Yarney, J.3
  • 74
    • 84863329140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breast cancer profile in a group of patients followed up at the radiation therapy unit of the Yaounde General Hospital, Cameroon
    • Kemfang Ngowa JD, Yomi J, Kasia JM, Mawamba Y, Ekortarh AC, Vlastos G (2011) Breast cancer profile in a group of patients followed up at the radiation therapy unit of the Yaounde General Hospital, Cameroon. Obstet Gynecol Int 2011:143506
    • (2011) Obstet Gynecol Int , vol.2011 , pp. 143506
    • Kemfang Ngowa, J.D.1    Yomi, J.2    Kasia, J.M.3    Mawamba, Y.4    Ekortarh, A.C.5    Vlastos, G.6
  • 75
    • 41149126108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of breast cancer in Korle Bu teaching hospital: Assessing the impact of health education
    • Clegg-Lamptey J, Hodasi W (2007) A study of breast cancer in Korle Bu teaching hospital: assessing the impact of health education. Ghana Med J 41:72-77
    • (2007) Ghana Med J , vol.41 , pp. 72-77
    • Clegg-Lamptey, J.1    Hodasi, W.2
  • 76
    • 84899476502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stage at breast cancer diagnosis and distance from diagnostic hospital in a periurban setting: A South African public hospital case series of over 1000 women
    • in press
    • Dickens C, Joffe M, Jacobson J et al (in press) Stage at breast cancer diagnosis and distance from diagnostic hospital in a periurban setting: a South African public hospital case series of over 1000 women. Int J Cancer
    • Int J Cancer
    • Dickens, C.1    Joffe, M.2    Jacobson, J.3
  • 77
    • 77953559089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breast cancer in Nigeria: Is non-adherence to chemotherapy schedules a major factor in the reported poor treatment outcome?
    • Adisa AO, Gukas ID, Lawal OO, Adesunkanmi AR (2010) Breast cancer in Nigeria: is non-adherence to chemotherapy schedules a major factor in the reported poor treatment outcome? Breast J 16:206-207
    • (2010) Breast J , vol.16 , pp. 206-207
    • Adisa, A.O.1    Gukas, I.D.2    Lawal, O.O.3    Adesunkanmi, A.R.4
  • 78
    • 77955350424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking breast cancer screening strategies in resource-limited settings
    • Galukande M, Kiguli-Malwadde E (2010) Rethinking breast cancer screening strategies in resource-limited settings. Afr Health Sci 10:89-92
    • (2010) Afr Health Sci , vol.10 , pp. 89-92
    • Galukande, M.1    Kiguli-Malwadde, E.2
  • 79
    • 84864385817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Costs, effects and cost-effectiveness of breast cancer control in Ghana
    • Zelle SG, Nyarko KM, Bosu WK et al (2012) Costs, effects and cost-effectiveness of breast cancer control in Ghana. Trop Med Int Health 17:1031-1043
    • (2012) Trop Med Int Health , vol.17 , pp. 1031-1043
    • Zelle, S.G.1    Nyarko, K.M.2    Bosu, W.K.3
  • 80
    • 33745253430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of radiotherapy in cancer control in low-income and middle-income countries
    • DOI 10.1016/S1470-2045(06)70759-8, PII S1470204506707598
    • Barton MB, Frommer M, Shafiq J (2006) Role of radiotherapy in cancer control in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet Oncol 7:584-595 (Pubitemid 43923676)
    • (2006) Lancet Oncology , vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp. 584-595
    • Barton, M.B.1    Frommer, M.2    Shafiq, J.3
  • 81
    • 84875779672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status of radiotherapy resources in Africa: An International Atomic Energy Agency analysis
    • Abdel-Wahab M, Bourque JM, Pynda Y et al (2013) Status of radiotherapy resources in Africa: an International Atomic Energy Agency analysis. Lancet Oncol 14:e168-e175
    • (2013) Lancet Oncol , vol.14
    • Abdel-Wahab, M.1    Bourque, J.M.2    Pynda, Y.3
  • 83
    • 80052046857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Awareness and breast cancer risk factors: Perception and screening practices among females in a tertiary institution in Southwest Nigeria
    • Olugbenga-Bello A, Oladele EA, Bello TO, Ojo JO, Oguntola AS (2011) Awareness and breast cancer risk factors: perception and screening practices among females in a tertiary institution in Southwest Nigeria. Niger Postgrad Med J 18:8-15
    • (2011) Niger Postgrad Med J , vol.18 , pp. 8-15
    • Olugbenga-Bello, A.1    Oladele, E.A.2    Bello, T.O.3    Ojo, J.O.4    Oguntola, A.S.5
  • 84
    • 84875767121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing cancer control plans in Africa: Examples from five countries
    • Stefan DC, Elzawawy AM, Khaled HM et al (2013) Developing cancer control plans in Africa: examples from five countries. Lancet Oncol 14:e189-e195
    • (2013) Lancet Oncol , vol.14
    • Stefan, D.C.1    Elzawawy, A.M.2    Khaled, H.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.