Talk with you like a woman: African American women, justice, and reform in New York, 1890-1935

Talk with You Like a Woman: African American Women, Justice, and Reform in New York, 1890-1935

Volumn , Issue , 2010, Pages 1-372

  Hicks, Cheryl D ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84898251904     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (435)

1. Columbia University, Rare Book and Manuscript Library, New York, New York Guichard Parris Collection
2. Columbia University, Rare Book and Manuscript Library, New York, New York L. Hollingsworth Wood Collection
3. Fisk University, Special Collections, Nashville, Tennessee George Haynes Collection
4. Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia Hampton University News Clippings File (microfilm, Alexandria, Va.: Chadwyck-Healey, 1988)
5. Haverford College, Quaker and Special Collections, Haverford, Pennsylvania L. Hollingsworth Wood Collection
6. Lesbian Herstory Archives, Brooklyn, New York Mabel Hampton Special Collection
7. Library of Congress, Manuscripts Division, Washington, DC National Urban League Papers
8. Library of Virginia, Archives and Manuscripts, Richmond, Virginia Janie Porter Barrett School for Girls Collection
9. Library of Virginia, Archives and Manuscripts, Richmond, Virginia Annual Reports of the Industrial Home School for Colored Girls
10. Library of Virginia, Archives and Manuscripts, Richmond, Virginia Executive Papers of Westmoreland Davis
11. National Archives, University of Maryland at College Park FBI File-Grace P. Campbell and African Blood Brotherhood
12. New York City Municipal Archives, Records, and Information Services, New York, New York District Attorney Indictment Papers, New York County, Court of General Sessions
13. New York City Municipal Archives, Records, and Information Services, New York, New York District Attorney Scrapbooks, New York County (microfilm)
14. New York Public Library, Rare Books and Manuscripts Division, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations, New York, New York Committee of Fourteen Collection
15. New York Public Library, Rare Books and Manuscripts Division, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations, New York, New York Women's Prison Association Collection
16. New York State Archives, State Education Department, Albany, New York Auburn Correctional Facility, Records of the Department of Correctional Services, Division of Parole
17. New York State Archives, State Education Department, Albany, New York Auburn Correctional Facility, Records of the Department of Correctional Services, Division of Parole Auburn Prison Female Inmate Case Files, 1920-30
18. New York State Archives, State Education Department, Albany, New York Auburn Correctional Facility, Records of the Department of Correctional Services Female Inmate Identification File, 1909-33
19. New York State Archives, State Education Department, Albany, New York Auburn Correctional Facility, Records of the Department of Correctional Services Inmate Record Cards, [ca. 1921-33]
20. New York State Archives, State Education Department, Albany, New York Auburn Correctional Facility, Records of the Department of Correctional Services Minutes of Meetings of Board of Parole, 1905-52. Registers of Female Inmates Received, 1893-1933
21. New York State Archives, State Education Department, Bedford Hills Correctional Facility, Records of the Department of Correctional Services
22. New York State Archives, State Education Department, Bedford Hills Correctional Facility, Records of the Department of Correctional Services Inmate Case Files, ca. 1915-30, 1955-65
23. New York State Library, Cultural Education Center, Albany, New York Annual Reports for the Prison for Women, 1893-1933
24. New York State Library, Cultural Education Center, Albany, New York Annual Reports of the New York State Reformatory for Women at Bedford Hills, 1897-1933
25. New York State Library, Cultural Education Center, Albany, New York Annual Reports of the Superintendent of State Prisons of the State of New York
26. New York State Library, Cultural Education Center, Albany, New York New York Court of Appeals, 1931
27. Rockefeller Archive Center, Tarrytown, New York Bureau of Social Hygiene (microfilm)
28. Rockefeller Archive Center, Tarrytown, New York Rockefeller Boards
29. Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, Manuscripts, Archives, and Rare Books Division, New York Public Library, New York, New York White Rose Mission and Industrial Association Collection
30. Tuskegee Institute News Clippings File (microfilm, Tuskegee: The Institute, [1896-1966]; Sanford, N.C.: Microfilming Corporation of America, 1976)
31. W. E. B. Du Bois Library, Special Collections and University Archives The Papers of W. E. B. Du Bois, 1803-1965 (microfilm)
32. Yale University, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, New Haven, Connecticut James Weldon Johnson Memorial Collection of Negro Arts and Letters
33. Arena
34. Brooklyn Eagle
35. Chicago Defender
36. Colored American Magazine
37. Crisis
38. Crusader
39. Evening Sun
40. Federation
41. Independent
42. New York Age
43. New York Amsterdam News
44. New York City Evening Globe
45. New York Evening Post
46. New York Herald
47. New York Sun
48. New York Times
49. New York Tribune
50. Poughkeepsie Daily Eagle
51. Poughkeepsie Evening Star
52. Poughkeepsie News-Press
53. Southern Workman
54. Voice of the Negro
55. The Woman's Era
56. The World
57. Addams, Jane. "Social Control." Crisis 1 (June 1911): 22-23.
58. Aery, William Anthony. "Helping Wayward Girls: Virginia's Pioneer Work." Southern Workman (November 1915): 598-604.
59. Aptheker, Herbert, ed. Correspondence of W. E. B. Du Bois, vol. 1, Selections, 1877-1934. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1973.
60. Baker, Ray Stannard. Following the Color Line: American Negro Citizenship in the Progressive Era. New York: Doubleday, 1908. Reprint, New York: Harper & Row, 1964.
61. Barrows, Isabel. "Reformatory Treatment of Women in the United States." In Penal and Reformatory Institutions, edited by Charles Richmond Henderson, 129-67. New York: Charities Publication Committee, 1910.
62. Blascoer, Frances. Colored School Children in New York. 1915. Reprint, New York: Negro Universities Press, 1970.
63. Brown, Hallie Q., comp. and ed. Homespun Heroines and Other Women of Distinction. Xenia, OH: Aldine Publishing Co., 1926. Reprint, Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1988.
64. Bureau of Social Hygiene. Housing Conditions of Employed Women in the Borough of Manhattan. New York: Bureau of Social Hygiene, 1922.
65. Campbell, Grace P. "Tragedy of the Colored Girl in Court." New York Age, April 25, 1925.
66. Campbell, Grace P. "Women Offenders and the Day Court." New York Age, April 18, 1925.
67. Chin, Gabriel J., ed. New York City Police Corruption Investigation Commissions, 1894- 1994. Vols. 1 and 3. New York: William S. Hein & Co., Inc., 1997.
68. Chute, Charles L. "Probation and Suspended Sentence." Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 12 (February 1922): 558-565.
69. Citizen's Protective League. Story of the Riot. New York: Citizen's Protective League, 1900. Reprint, New York: Arno Press and The New York Times, 1969.
70. Clyde, John P. "The Negro in New York City." M.A. thesis, Columbia University, 1899.
71. Cooper, Anna Julia. A Voice from the South. Xenia, OH: Aldine, 1892. Reprint, New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
72. Daniel, Sadie Iola. Women Builders. Washington, DC: Associated Publishers, 1931.
73. Davis, Katharine Bement. "Crime and Its Cure." Survey, February 18, 1911, 851-854.
74. Dietzler, Mary Macey. Detention Houses and Reformatories as Protective Social Agencies in the Campaign of the United States against Venereal Diseases. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1922.
75. Doty, Madeleine Z. Appendix B, "Report on the Auburn Women's Prison to the New York Commission on Prison Reform," Moreland Report, Commission on Prison Reform, Preliminary Report, No. 16. 1914.
76. Doty, Madeleine Z. Society's Misfits. New York: Century Co., 1916.
77. Drake, St. Clair, and Horace R. Cayton. Black Metropolis: A Study of Negro Life in a Northern City. New York: Harcourt, Brace, & World, 1945. Reprint, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.
78. Du Bois, W. E. B. The Black North in 1901: A Social Study. New York Times, November 1901. Reprint, New York: Arno Press and The New York Times, 1969.
79. Du Bois, W. E. B. Dusk of Dawn: An Essay Toward an Autobiography of a Race Concept. 1940. Reprint, New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 1984.
80. Du Bois, W. E. B. The Negro American Family. Atlanta University Publications, no. 13. Atlanta: Atlanta University Press, 1908.
81. Du Bois, W. E. B. "The Negroes of Farmville, Virginia." Bulletin of the Department of Labor, no. 14 (January 1898). Abridged version reprinted in W. E. B. Du Bois: On Sociology and the Black Community, edited with an introduction by Dan S. Green and Edwin D. Driver, 165-95. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978.
82. Du Bois, W. E. B. On Sociology and the Black Community. Edited by Dan S. Green and Edwin D. Driver. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978. Reprint, Chicago: Midway, 1987.
83. Du Bois, W. E. B. The Philadelphia Negro: A Social Study. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1899. Reprinted with an introduction by Elijah Anderson, 1996.
84. Du Bois, W. E. B. Some Notes on the Negroes in New York City, Compiled from the Reports of the U.S. Census and Other Sources. Atlanta: Atlanta University Press, 1903.
85. "Experiences of the Race Problem: By a Southern White Woman." Independent 56 (March 17, 1904): 590-94.
86. Federation of Churches and Christian Organizations in New York City. Eighth Annual Report. January 1904.
87. Fernald, Mabel Ruth, Mary Holmes Stevens Hayes, and Almena Dawley, with Beardsley Rawl. A Study of Women Delinquents in New York State. New York: Century Co., 1920.
88. Fishman, Joshua F. Sex in Prison: Revealing Sex Conditions in American Prisons. New York: National Library Press, 1934.
89. Frazier, E. Franklin. The Negro Family in the United States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1939.
90. Gillin, John Lewis. Criminology and Penology. New York: Century Co., 1926.
91. Harlan, Louis, ed. The Booker T. Washington Papers. Vol. 1. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1975.
92. Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins. "Woman's Political Future." 1893. Reprinted in Black Women in Nineteenth-Century American Life, edited by Bert James Loewenberg and Ruth Bogin, 244-47. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1976.
93. Haynes, George Edmund. "Conditions among Negroes in the Cities." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 49, no. 1 (July 1913): 105-19.
94. A History of the Club Movement: Among the Colored Women of the United States. Washington, DC: National Association of Colored Women's Clubs, Inc., 1902 [1978].
95. Holiday, Billie, with William Dufty. Lady Sings the Blues. New York: Lancer Books, 1969.
96. Hopper, Ernest Jasper. "A Northern Negro Group." M.A. thesis, Columbia University, 1912.
97. Hunton, Mrs. Addie. "Negro Womanhood Defended." Voice of the Negro 1 (July 1904): 280-81.
98. J., T. J. Review of Out of Work, by Frances Kellor. Southern Workman (March 1905): 181.
99. Johnson, James Weldon. Black Manhattan. New York: Knopf, 1930. Reprint, New York: Da Capo Press, 1991.
100. Johnstone, Robert Zachariah. "The Negro in New York, His Social Attainments and Prospects." M.A. thesis, Columbia University, 1911.
101. Joint Committee to Study the Employment of Colored Women in New York City and Brooklyn. A New Day for the Colored Woman Worker: A Study of Colored Women in Industry in New York City, investigators Jessie Clark and Gertrude E. McDougald. New York: C. P. Young, printers, 1919.
102. Justesen, Benjamin R., ed. In His Own Words: The Writings, Speeches, and Letters of George Henry White. Lincoln, NE: iUniverse, Inc., 2004.
103. Kellor, Frances A. "Agencies for the Prevention of Crime." Southern Workman 32 (April 1903): 203-7.
104. Kellor, Frances A. "Assisted Emigration from the South: The Women." Charities 15 (October 1905): 11-14.
105. Kellor, Frances A. "Associations for Protection of Colored Women." Colored American Magazine 9 (December 1905): 695-99.
106. Kellor, Frances A. "Criminal Anthropology in Its Relation to Criminal Jurisprudence." American Journal of Sociology 4 (January 1899): 515-27.
107. Kellor, Frances A. "The Criminal Negro." Arena 25 (January 1901): 59-68; (February 1901): 190- 97; (March 1901): 308-16; (April 1901): 419-28; (May 1901): 510-20.
108. Kellor, Frances A. "Criminal Sociology: II. Criminality among Women." Arena (May 1900): 516-24.
109. Kellor, Frances A. "The Evils of the Intelligence Office Systems." Southern Workman (July 1904): 377-80.
110. Kellor, Frances A. Experimental Sociology: Descriptive and Analytical. New York: Macmillan Company, 1901.
111. Kellor, Frances A. "Opportunities for Southern Negro Women in Northern Cities." Voice of the Negro 1 (July 1905): 470-73.
112. Kellor, Frances A. Out of Work: A Study of Employment Agencies: Their Treatment of the Unemployed, and Their Influence Upon Homes and Business. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1904.
113. Kellor, Frances A. "The Problem of the Negro Girl from the South." New York Times, March 19, 1905.
114. Kellor, Frances A. "Some Old Needs of the New South: Changes Which May Lead to a Diminishing of Crime." Charities 10 (May 2, 1903): 439-440.
115. Kellor, Frances A. "Southern Colored Girls in the North." Bulletin of the Inter-Municipal Committee on Household Research 1 (May 1905): 5-9.
116. Kellor, Frances A. "Southern Colored Girls in the North: The Problems of their Protection." Charities 13 (March 18, 1905): 584-85.
117. Kellor, Frances A. "To Help Negro Women." Boston Traveler, May 31, 1905.
118. Layten, S. W. "A Northern Phase of a Southern Problem." A.M.E. Church Review (March 1910): 315-25.
119. Lekkerkerker, Eugenia C. Reformatories for Women in the United States. The Hague: J. B. Wolters, 1931.
120. Locke, Benjamin. "The Community Life of a Harlem Group of Negroes." M.A. thesis, Columbia University, 1913.
121. Lombroso, Cesare, and Guglielmo Ferrero. Criminal Woman, the Prostitute, and the Normal Woman. Translated by Nicole Hahn Rafter and Mary Gibson. 1895. Reprint, Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2004.
122. Lombroso, Cesare, and Guglielmo Ferrero. The Female Offender. New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1895.
123. Matthews, Victoria Earle. "The Colored Race, North and South: Boys Compelled to Work in Chain Gangs at the South: Girls Sold to Houses of Ill-Fame at the North." Witness (1899), Item #493, Hampton University News Clippings File, Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia.
124. Matthews, Victoria Earle. "The Negroes of New York." New York Sun, September 14, 1897.
125. Matthews, Victoria Earle. "Protecting Colored Girls." New York Tribune, March 30, 1905.
126. Matthews, Victoria Earle. "Some of the Dangers Confronting Southern Girls in the North." Proceedings of the Hampton Negro Conference 2 (July 1898) 62-69.
127. Matthews, Victoria Earle. "The Value of Race Literature: An Address (1895)." Reprinted in The Massachusetts Review 27 (Summer 1986): 170-85.
128. Matthews, Victoria Earle. Aunt Lindy. A Story Founded on Real Life. New York: J. J. Little, 1893.
129. Matthews, Victoria Earle. "Novel Reading Defended." New York Age, May 23, 1891.
130. Matthews, Virginia [sic]. "The Redemption of Our City (Colored)." Federation 2 (July 1902): 57-58.
131. McAdoo, William. Guarding a Great City. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1906.
132. Miller, Kelly. "Surplus Negro Women." Southern Workman 34 (October 1905): 522-28.
133. Minor, Maude. The Slavery of Prostitution: A Plea for Emancipation. New York: Macmillan Company, 1916.
134. Moreno, J. L. Who Shall Survive? A New Approach to the Problems of Human Interrelations. Washington, DC: Nervous and Mental Disease Publishing, Co., 1934.
135. National League for the Protection of Colored Women. Annual Report. November 1910.
136. Norris, Jean. "Methods of Dealing with Women Offenders." New York University Law Review 3 (March 1926): 31-39.
137. Ogburn, William Fielding. "The Richmond Negro in New York City: His Social Mind as Seen in His Pleasures." Master's thesis, Columbia University, 1909.
138. Otis, Margaret. "A Perversion Not Commonly Noted." Journal of Abnormal Psychology 3, no. 2 (June-July 1913): 113-16.
139. Ovington, Mary White. "The Colored Woman in Domestic Service in New York City." Bulletin of the Inter-Municipal Committee on Household Research 1, no. 7 (May 1905): 9-12.
140. Ovington, Mary White. Half a Man: The Status of the Negro in New York City. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1911. Reprint, New York: Negro Universities Press, 1969.
141. Ovington, Mary White. The Walls Came Tumbling Down. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1947.
142. Paul, Seymour. "A Group of Virginia Negroes in New York City." Master's thesis, Columbia University, 1912.
143. Penn, I. Garland. The Afro-American Press and Its Editors. Springfield, MA: Willey and Co., 1891. Reprint, Salem, NH: Ayer Co., 1988.
144. Potter, Frank Hunter. "A Reformatory Which Reforms." Outlook (February 5, 1910): 303-7.
145. Rhodes, E. M. "The Protection of Girls' Travel: A National Movement." Colored American Magazine 13 (August 1907): 113-19.
146. Richardson, Clement, ed. The National Cyclopedia of the Colored Race. Montgomery, AL: National Publishing Company, 1919.
147. Richings, G. F. Evidences of Progress among Colored People. Philadelphia: Geo. S. Ferguson Co., 1896.
148. Riis, Jacob A. How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York. 1890. Reprint, New York: Penguin Books, 1997.
149. Robert, Jeanne. "Care of Women in State Prisons." Review of Reviews 44 (July 1911): 76-84. Reprinted in Prison Reform, compiled by Corinne Bacon, 91-101. New York: AMS Press, 1974.
150. Spaulding, Edith. "Emotional Episodes among Psychopathic Delinquent Women." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 54, no. 4 (October 1921): 298-323.
151. Spaulding, Edith. An Experimental Study of Psychopathic Delinquent Women. New York: Rand, McNally, 1923. Reprint, Glen Ridge, NJ: Patterson Smith, 1969.
152. Spaulding, Edith. "The Problem of a Psychopathic Hospital Connected with a Reformatory Institution." Medical Record 99, no. 20 (May 14, 1921): 815-21.
153. Spingarn, Arthur B. Laws Relating to Sex Morality in New York City. New York: Century Co., 1915. Revised by W. Bruce Cobb in 1926.
154. State of New York, State Board of Charities. Report of the Special Committee Consisting of Commissioners Kevin, Smith, and Mulry, Appointed to Investigate Charges Made against the New York State Reformatory for Women at Bedford Hills, New York. Albany: J. B. Lyon, 1915.
155. U.S. Bureau of the Census. Negroes in the United States, 1920-1932. New York: Greenwood Press, 1935.
156. U.S. Bureau of the Census. Negro Population in the United States, 1790-1915. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1918. Reprint, New York: Arno Press and The New York Times, 1968.
157. U.S. Bureau of the Census. Statistics of Women at Work. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1907.
158. Veiller, Lawrence. Housing Reform: A Handbook for Practical Use in American Cities. New York: Charities Publication Committee, 1911.
159. Walls, Ellie Alma. "The Delinquent Negro Girl in New York, Her Need of Institutional Care." M.A. thesis, Columbia University, 1912.
160. Washington, Booker T. "Industrial Education for the Negro." In The Negro Problem: A Series of Articles by Representative American Negroes of To-Day, edited by Booker T. Washington, W. E. B. Du Bois, Paul Laurence Dunbar et al. New York: James Pratt & Co., 1903.
161. Washington, Booker T. Up from Slavery. 1901. Reprint, New York: Dover Publications Inc., 1995.
162. Washington, Booker T., Norman Barton Wood, and Fannie Barrier Williams. A New Negro for a New Century. Chicago: American Publishing House, 1900. Reprint, New York: Arno Press and The New York Times, 1969.
163. Waterman, Willoughby Cyrus. Prostitution and Its Repression in New York City, 1900- 1931. New York: Columbia University Studies in History, Economics, and Public Law, 1932.
164. Wells, Ida B. Crusade for Justice: The Autobiography of Ida B. Wells. Edited by Alfreda M. Duster. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970.
165. Wells, Ida B. Southern Horrors and Other Writings: The Antilynching Campaign of Ida B. Wells, 1892-1900. Edited by Jacqueline Jones Royster. Boston: Bedford Books, 1997.
166. Williams, Fannie Barrier. "A Northern Negro's Autobiography." Independent 57 (July 14, 1904): 91-96. Reprinted in The New Woman of Color: The Collected Writings of Fannie Barrier Williams, 1893-1918, edited by Mary Jo Deegan, 5-13. Dekalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 2002.
167. Abelson, Elaine S. When Ladies Go A-Thieving: Middle-Class Shoplifters in the Victorian Department Store. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.
168. Alexander, Eleanor. Lyrics of Sunshine and Shadow: The Courtship and Marriage of Paul Laurence Dunbar and Alice Ruth Moore. New York: Plume, 2001.
169. Alexander, Elizabeth. "'We Must Be about Our Father's Business': Anna Julia Cooper and the In-Corporation of the Nineteenth-Century African-American Woman Intellectual." Signs 20 (Winter 1995): 336-56.
170. Alexander, Leslie M. African or American? Black Identity and Political Activism in New York City, 1784-1861. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2008.
171. Alexander, Ruth. The "Girl Problem": Female Sexual Delinquency in New York, 1890-1930. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1995.
172. Anderson, Jervis. This Was Harlem: A Cultural Portrait, 1900-1950. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 1982.
173. Bailey, Peter. "'Will the Real Bill Banks Please Stand Up?' Towards a Role Analysis of Mid-Victorian Working-Class Respectability." Journal of Social History 7 (Spring 1979): 336-53.
174. Barbeau, Arthur E., and Florette Henri. The Unknown Soldiers: African-American Troops in World War I. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 1974. Reprint, New York: Da Capo Press, 1996.
175. Bederman, Gail. Manliness and Civilization: A Cultural History of Gender and Race in the United States, 1880-1917. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.
176. Berlin, Ira, and Leslie Harris, eds. Slavery in New York. New York: New Press, 2005.
177. Bernstein, Iver. The New York City Draft Riots: Their Significance for American Society and Politics in the Age of Civil War. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.
178. Best, Wallace D. Passionately Human, No Less Divine: Religion and Culture in Black Chicago. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2005.
179. Biondi, Martha. To Stand and Fight: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Postwar New York City. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2003.
180. Blight, David. Race and Reunion: The Civil War in American Memory. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2001.
181. Brandt, Allan M. No Magic Bullet: A Social History of Venereal Disease in the United States since 1880. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985.
182. Brenzel, Barbara. Daughters of the State: A Social Portrait of the First Reform School for Girls in North America, 1856-1905. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1983.
183. Brown, Elsa Barkley. "Imaging Lynching: African American Women, Communities of Struggle, and Collective Memory." In African American Women Speak Out on Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas, edited by Geneva Smitherman, 100-24. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 1995.
184. Brown, Elsa Barkley. "Negotiating and Transforming the Public Sphere: African American Political Life in the Transition from Slavery to Freedom." Public Culture 7 (Fall 1994): 107-46.
185. Brown, Elsa Barkley. "To Catch a Vision of Freedom: Reconstructing Southern Black Women's Political History, 1865-1880." In African American Women and the Vote, 1837-1965, edited by Ann D. Gordon with Bettye Collier-Thomas, John Bracey, Arlene Voski Arakian, and Joyce Arrech Berkmen, 66-99. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1997.
186. Brown, Elsa Barkley. "'What Has Happened Here': The Politics of Difference in Women's History and Feminist Politics." In "We Specialize in the Wholly Impossible": A Reader in Black Women's History, edited by Darlene Clark Hine, Wilma King, and Linda Reed, 39-54. Brooklyn, NY: Carlson Publishing, 1995.
187. Brown, Elsa Barkley, and Greg D. Kimball. "Mapping the Terrain of Black Richmond." In The New African American Urban History, edited by Kenneth W. Goings and Raymond A. Mohl, 66-115. London: Sage Publications, 1996.
188. Brown, Kathleen. Good Wives, Nasty Wenches, and Anxious Patriarchs: Gender, Race, and Power in Colonial Virginia. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.
189. Butler, Anne M. Gendered Justice in the American West: Women Prisoners in Men's Penitentiaries. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997.
190. Butler, Anne M. "Still in Chains: Black Women in Western Prison, 1865-1910." In "We Specialize in the Wholly Impossible": A Reader in Black Women's History, edited by Darlene Clark Hine, Wilma King, and Linda Reed, 321-34. Brooklyn, NY: Carlson Publishing, 1995.
191. Bynum, Victoria E. Unruly Women: The Politics of Social and Sexual Control in the Old South. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992.
192. Carby, Hazel V. "'It Jus Be's Dat Way Sometime': The Sexual Politics of Black Women's Blues." In Unequal Sisters: A Multicultural Reader in U.S. Women's History, 2d ed., edited by Ellen Carole DuBois and Vicki L. Ruiz, 330-41. New York: Routledge, 1994.
193. Carby, Hazel V. "Policing the Black Woman's Body in an Urban Context." Critical Inquiry 18 (Summer 1992): 738-55.
194. Carby, Hazel V. Reconstructing Womanhood: The Emergence of the Afro-American Woman Novelist. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.
195. Cardyn, Lisa. "Sexualized Racism/Gendered Violence: Outraging the Body Politic in the Reconstruction South." Michigan Law Review 100 (February 2002): 675-867.
196. Carlton-LaNey, Iris. "The Career of Birdye Henrietta Haynes, a Pioneer Settlement House Worker." Social Service Review 68 (June 1994): 254-73.
197. Carter, Julian. "Normality, Whiteness, Authorship: Evolutionary Sexology and the Primitive Pervert." In Science and Homosexualities, edited by Vernon A. Rosario, 155-76. New York: Routledge, 1997.
198. Cash, Floris Barnett. "Radicals and Realists: African American Women and the Settlement House Spirit in New York City." Afro-Americans in New York Life 15 (Fall 1991): 7-17.
199. Cash, Floris Barnett. "Victoria Earle Matthews." In Black Women in America, 2d ed., vol. 2, edited by Darlene Clark Hine et al., 335-37. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.
200. Cash, Floris Barnett. "Victoria Earle Matthews." In Notable Black American Women, edited by Jessie Carney Smith, 736-39. Detroit: Gale Research Inc., 1992.
201. Cash, Floris Barnett. "Womanhood and Protest: The Club Movement among Black Women, 1892- 1922." Ph.D. diss., State University of New York at Stony Brook, 1986.
202. Chauncey, George, Jr. "From Sexual Inversion to Homosexuality: Medicine and the Changing Conceptualization of Female Deviance." In History of Women in the United States, edited by Nancy F. Cott, 324-56. Paris: K. G. Saur, 1993.
203. Chauncey, George, Jr. Gay New York: Gender, Urban Culture, and the Making of the Gay Male World, 1890-1940. New York: Basic Books, 1994.
204. Clark-Lewis, Elizabeth. Living In, Living Out: African American Domestics and the Great Migration. New York: Kodansha International, 1996.
205. Clement, Elizabeth Alice. Love for Sale: Courting, Treating, and Prostitution in New York City, 1900-1945. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006.
206. Cole, Simon A. Suspect Identities: A History of Fingerprinting and Criminal Identification. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001.
207. Cott, Nancy F. "Passionlessness: An Interpretation of Victorian Sexual Ideology, 1790- 1850." Signs 4 (Winter 1978): 219-33.
208. Curtin, Mary Ellen. Black Prisoners and Their World, Alabama, 1865-1900. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 2000.
209. Curtin, Mary Ellen. "'The Human World' of Black Women in Alabama Prisons, 1870-1900." In Hidden Histories of Women in the New South, edited by Virginia Bernhard, Betty Brandon, Elizabeth Fox-Genovese, Theda Purdue, and Elizabeth Hayes Turner, 11-30. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1994.
210. Dabel, Jane E. A Respectable Woman: The Public Roles of African American Women in Nineteenth-Century New York. New York: New York University Press, 2008.
211. Dale, Elizabeth. "'Social Equality Does Not Exist among Themselves, nor among Us': Baylies vs. Curry and Civil Rights in Chicago, 1888." American Historical Review 102 (April 1997): 311-39.
212. Davis, Angela. Blues Legacies and Black Feminism: Gertrude "Ma" Rainey, Bessie Smith and Billie Holiday. New York: Vintage Books, 1998.
213. Davis, Carole Boyce. Left of Karl Marx: The Political Life of Black Communist Claudia Jones. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2008.
214. D'Emilio, John, and Estelle B. Freedman. Intimate Matters: A History of Sexuality in America. New York: Perennial Library, 1988.
215. Deutsch, Sarah. Women and the City: Gender, Space, and Power in Boston, 1870-1940. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.
216. Diner, Hasia R. Erin's Daughters in America: Irish Immigrant Women in the Nineteenth Century. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1983.
217. Dodge, L. Mara. Whores and Thieves of the Worst Kind: A Study of Women, Crime, and Prisons, 1835-2000. Dekalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 2006.
218. Ducille, Ann. "Blue Notes on Black Sexuality: Sex and the Texts of Jessie Fauset and Nella Larsen." Journal of the History of Sexuality 3, no. 3 (1993): 418-44.
219. Duggan, Lisa. Sapphic Slashers: Sex, Violence, and American Modernity. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2000.
220. Faderman, Lillian. Odd Girls and Twilight Lovers: A History of Lesbian Life in Twentieth-Century America. New York: Columbia University Press, 1991.
221. Feimster, Crystal N. Southern Horrors: Women and the Politics of Rape and Lynching. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009.
222. Fitzpatrick, Ellen. Endless Crusade: Women Social Scientists and Progressive Reform. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.
223. Foner, Philip S. American Socialism and Black Americans: From the Age of Jackson to World War II. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1977.
224. Foote, Thelma Wills. Black and White Manhattan: The History of Racial Formation in Colonial New York City. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
225. Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. Translated by Alan Sheridan. New York: Vintage Books, 1979.
226. Foucault, Michel. History of Sexuality. Translated by Robert Hurley. New York: Vintage Books, 1978.
227. Franklin, Donna L. Ensuring Inequality: The Structural Transformation of the African- American Family. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
228. Freedman, Estelle. "The Prison Lesbian: Race, Class, and the Construction of the Aggressive Female Homosexual, 1915-1965." Feminist Studies 22 (Summer 1996): 397-423.
229. Freedman, Estelle. Their Sisters' Keepers: Women's Prison Reform in America, 1830-1930. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1981.
230. Fronc, Jennifer. "The Horns of the Dilemma: Race Mixing and the Enforcement of Jim Crow in New York City." Journal of Urban History 33 (November 2006): 3-25.
231. Gaines, Kevin K. Uplifting the Race: Black Leadership, Politics, and Culture in the Twentieth Century. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.
232. Garber, Eric. "A Spectacle in Color: The Lesbian and Gay Subculture of Jazz Age Harlem." In Hidden from History: Reclaiming the Gay and Lesbian Past, edited by Martin Baumal Duberman, Martha Vicinus, and George Chauncey Jr., 318-31. New York: New American Library, 1989.
233. Gellman, David N., and David Quigley, eds. Jim Crow New York: A Documentary History of Race and Citizenship, 1777-1877. New York: New York University Press, 2003.
234. Giddings, Paula J. Ida: A Sword among Lions: Ida B. Wells and the Campaign against Lynching. New York: Amistad, 2008.
235. Giddings, Paula J. When and Where I Enter: The Impact of Black Women on Race and Sex in America. New York: Bantam Books, 1984.
236. Gilfoyle, Timothy J. City of Eros: New York City, Prostitution, and the Commercialization of Sex, 1790-1920. New York: W. W. Norton, 1992.
237. Gilfoyle, Timothy J. "Prostitutes in History: From Parables of Pornography to Metaphors of Modernity." American Historical Review 104 (February 1999): 117-41.
238. Gilman, Sander L. "Black Bodies, White Bodies: Toward an Iconography of Female Sexuality in Late Nineteenth-Century Art, Medicine, and Literature." Critical Inquiry 12, no. 1 (Autumn 1985): 204-22.
239. Goings, Kenneth W., and Brian D. Page. "African Americans versus the Memphis Street Railway Company: Or, How to Win the Battle but Lose the War, 1890-1920." Journal of Urban History 30 (January 2004): 131-51.
240. Gordon, Linda. "Black and White Visions of Welfare: Women's Welfare Activism, 1890- 1945." Journal of American History 78 (September 1991): 559-90.
241. Gordon, Linda. Heroes of Their Own Lives: The Politics and History of Family Violence. New York: Penguin Books, 1988.
242. Gordon, Linda, and Paul O'Keefe. "Incest as a Form of Family Violence: Evidence from Historical Case Records." Journal of Marriage and the Family 46 (February 1984): 27-34.
243. Gregory, Jane. "Persistence and Irony in the Incarceration of Women in the Texas Penitentiary, 1907-1910." MA thesis, Rice University, 1994.
244. Griffin, Farah Jasmine, ed. Beloved Sisters and Loving Friends: Letters from Rebecca Primus of Royal Oak, Maryland, and Addie Brown of Hartford, Connecticut, 1854-1868. New York: Knopf, 1999.
245. Griffin, Farah Jasmine, ed. "Black Feminists and Du Bois: Respectability, Protection, and Beyond." Annals of the American Academy of Political Science 568 (March 2000): 28-40.
246. Griffin, Farah Jasmine, ed. "'Ironies of the Saint': Malcolm X, Black Women, and the Price of Protection." In Sisters in the Struggle: African American Women in the Civil Rights-Black Power Movement, edited by Bettye Collier-Thomas and V. P. Franklin, 214-29. New York: New York University Press, 2001.
247. Griffin, Farah Jasmine, ed. "Who Set You Flowin'?" The African-American Migration Narrative. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
248. Gross, Kali N. Colored Amazons: Crime, Violence, and Black Women in the City of Brotherly Love. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2006.
249. Griffin, Farah Jasmine, ed. "Examining the Politics of Respectability in African American Studies." University of Pennsylvania Almanac 43 (April 1, 1997): 15-16.
250. Griffin, Farah Jasmine, ed. "Exploring Crime and Violence in Early-Twentieth-Century Black Women's History." In Contesting the Archives: Finding Women in the Sources, edited by Nupur Chaudhuri, Sherry Katz, and Mary Elizabeth Perry, 56-73. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2010.
251. Grossman, James R. Land of Hope: Chicago, Black Southerners, and the Great Migration. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989.
252. Gutman, Herbert G. The Black Family in Slavery and Freedom, 1750-1925. New York: Vintage Books, 1976.
253. Guy-Shefthall, Beverly. Daughters of Sorrow: Attitudes Toward Black Women, 1880- 1920. Brooklyn, NY: Carlson Publishing, 1990.
254. Hahn, Steven. A Nation Under Our Feet: Black Political Struggles in the Rural South from Slavery to the Great Migration. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2003.
255. Hall, Jacqueline Dowd. "The Mind that Burns in Each Body: Women, Rape and Sexual Violence." In Powers of Desire: The Politics of Sexuality, edited by Ann Snitow, Christine Stansell, and Sharon Thompson, 328-49. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1983.
256. Hall, Winona. "Janie Porter Barrett, Her Life and Contributions to Social Welfare in Virginia." M.A. thesis, Howard University, 1954.
257. Hammonds, Evelynn M. "Black (W)holes and the Geometry of Black Female Sexuality." differences: A Journal of Feminist Cultural Studies 6, nos. 2-3 (Summer 1994): 126-45.
258. Hammonds, Evelynn M. "Toward a Genealogy of Black Female Sexuality: The Problematic of Silence." In Feminist Genealogies, Colonial Legacies, Democratic Futures, edited by M. Jacqui Alexander and Chandra Talpade Mohanty, 170-82. New York: Routledge, 1995.
259. Hansen, Karen V. "'No Kisses Is Like Youres': An Erotic Friendship between Two African-American Women during the Mid-Nineteenth Century." Gender & History 7 (August 1995): 153-82.
260. Harlan, Louis. "Booker T. Washington and the Politics of Accommodation." In Black Leaders of the Twentieth Century, edited by John Hope Franklin and August Meier, 1-18. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982.
261. Harley, Sharon. "For the Good of the Family and Race: Gender, Work, and Domestic Roles in the Black Community, 1880-1930." In Black Women in America: Social Science Perspectives, edited by Micheline R. Malson, Elisabeth Mudimbe-Boyi, Jean F. O'Barr, and Mary Wyer, 159-72. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988.
262. Harley, Sharon. "When Your Work Is Not Who You Are: The Development of a Working- Class Consciousness among Afro-American Women." In "We Specialize in the Wholly Impossible": A Reader in Black Women's History, edited by Darlene Clark Hine, Wilma King, and Linda Reed, 25-37. Brooklyn, NY: Carlson Publishing, 1995.
263. Harris, Leslie M. In the Shadow of Slavery: African Americans in New York City, 1626- 1863. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003.
264. Harris, Leslie M. "Slavery, Emancipation, and Class Formation in Colonial and Early National New York City." Journal of Urban History 30 (March 2004): 349-50.
265. Harrison, Brian. Peaceable Kingdom: Stability and Change in Modern Britain. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982.
266. Hazzard-Gordon, Katrina. Jookin': The Rise of Social Dance Formations in African American Culture. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1990.
267. Heap, Chad. Slumming: Sexual and Racial Encounters in American Nightlife, 1885-1940. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009.
268. Henri, Florette. Black Migration: Movement North, 1900-1920. New York: Doubleday, 1975.
269. Hickey, Georgina. Hope and Danger in the New South City: Working-Class Women and Urban Development in Atlanta, 1890-1940. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2003.
270. Hicks, Cheryl D. "'In Danger of Becoming Morally Depraved': Single, Black Women, Working-Class Black Families, and New York State's Wayward Minor Laws, 1917- 1928." University of Pennsylvania Law Review 151, no. 6 (June 2003): 2093-2121.
271. Higginbotham, Evelyn Brooks. "African-American Women's History and the Metalanguage of Race." Signs 17 (Winter 1992): 251-74.
272. Higginbotham, Evelyn Brooks. "Rethinking Vernacular Culture: Black Religion and Race Records in the 1920s and 1930s." In The House That Race Built: Black Americans, U.S. Terrain, edited by Wahneema Lubiano, 157-77. New York: Pantheon Books, 1997.
273. Higginbotham, Evelyn Brooks. Righteous Discontent: The Women's Movement in the Black Baptist Church, 1880-1920. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993.
274. Hill, Robert A. "Racial and Radical: Cyril V. Briggs, The Crusader, and the African Blood Brotherhood, 1919-1922." Introduction to The Crusader, edited by Robert A. Hill. New York: Garland Publishing, 1987.
275. Hine, Darlene Clark. "Black Migration to the Urban Midwest: The Gender Dimension, 1915-1945." In The New African American History, edited by Kenneth W. Goings and Raymond A. Mohl, 240-65. London: Sage Publications, 1996.
276. Hine, Darlene Clark. "Rape and the Inner Lives of Black Women in the Middle West: Thoughts on the Culture of Dissemblance." In Hine Sight: Black Women and the Reconstruction of American History, 37-48. Brooklyn, NY: Carlson Publishing, 1994.
277. Holt, Thomas C. "The Lonely Warrior: Ida B. Wells-Barnett and the Struggle for Black Leadership." In Black Leaders of the Twentieth Century, edited by John Hope Franklin and August Meier, 39-61. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982.
278. Holt, Thomas C. "Marking: Race, Race-making and the Writing of History." American Historical Review 100 (February 1995): 1-20.
279. Hoy, Suellen. "Caring for Chicago's Women and Girls: The Sisters of Good Shepherd, 1859-1911." Journal of Urban History 23 (March 1997): 260-94.
280. Hull, Gloria T. Color, Sex, and Poetry: Three Women Writers of the Harlem Renaissance. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987.
281. Hunter, Tera W. "The 'Brotherly Love' for Which This City Is Proverbial Should Extend to All: The Everyday Lives of Working-Class Women in Philadelphia and Atlanta in the 1890s." In W. E. B. Du Bois, Race, and the City: The Philadelphia Negro and Its Legacy, edited by Michael B. Katz and Thomas J. Sugrue, 127-51. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998.
282. Hunter, Tera W. "'Sexual Pantomimes,' the Blues Aesthetic, and Black Women in the South." In Music and the Racial Imagination, edited by Ronald Radano and Philip V. Bohlman, 145-64. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.
283. Hunter, Tera W. To 'Joy My Freedom: Southern Black Women's Lives and Labors after the Civil War. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997.
284. Jacobsen, Matthew. Whiteness of a Different Color: European Immigrants and the Alchemy of Race. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998.
285. James, Winston. Holding Aloft the Banner of Ethiopia: Caribbean Radicalism in Early Twentieth-Century America. London: Verso, 1998.
286. Johnson, Daniel, and Rex Campbell. Black Migration in America: A Social Demographic History. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1981.
287. Johnson, Joan Marie. "The Colors of Social Welfare in the New South: Black and White Clubwomen in South Carolina, 1900-1930." In Before the New Deal: Social Welfare in the South, edited by Elna Green, 160-80. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1999.
288. Johnson, Marilynn. Street Justice: A History of Police Violence in New York City. Boston: Beacon Press, 2003.
289. Johnson, Val Marie. "Defining Social Evil: Moral Citizenship and Governance in New York City, 1890-1920." Ph.D. diss., New School University, 2002.
290. Johnson, Walter. Soul by Soul: Life Inside the Antebellum Slave Market. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999.
291. Jones, Jacqueline. Labor of Love, Labor of Sorrow: Black Women, Work, and the Family from Slavery to the Present. New York: Vintage Books, 1985.
292. Katzman, David. Seven Days a Week: Women and Domestic Service in Industrializing America. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1978.
293. Kelley, Robin D. G. Race Rebels: Culture, Politics, and the Black Working Class. New York: Free Press, 1994.
294. Kelley, Robin D. "'We Are Not What We Seem': Rethinking Black Working-Class Opposition in the Jim Crow South." Journal of American History 80 (June 1993): 75-112.
295. Kennedy, Elizabeth Lapovsky, and Madeline D. Davis. Boots of Leather, Slippers of Gold: The History of a Lesbian Community. New York: Routledge, 1993.
296. Kessler-Harris, Alice. Out to Work: A History of Wage-Earning Women in the United States. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982.
297. Knupfer, Anne Meis. Reform and Resistance: Gender, Delinquency, and America's First Juvenile Court. New York: Routledge, 2001.
298. Knupfer, Anne Meis. "'To Become Good, Self-Supporting Women': The State Industrial School for Delinquent Girls at Geneva, Illinois, 1900-1935." Journal of the History of Sexuality 9 (October 2000): 420-46.
299. Kornweibel, Theodore, Jr. "Seeing Red": Federal Campaigns against Black Militancy, 1919-1925. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1998.
300. Kramer, Steve. "Uplifting Our 'Downtrodden Sisterhood': Victoria Earle Matthews and New York City's White Rose Mission, 1897-1907." Journal of African American History 91 (Summer 2006): 243-66.
301. Kunzel, Regina G. "Pulp Fictions and Problem Girls: Reading and Rewriting Single Pregnancy in the Postwar United States." American Historical Review 100 (December 1995): 1465-87.
302. Kunzel, Regina G. "Situating Sex: Prison Sexual Culture in the Mid-Twentieth-Century United States." GLQ: Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies 8 (May 2002): 253-70.
303. Kunzel, Regina G. "White Neurosis, Black Pathology: Constructing Out-of-Wedlock Pregnancy in the Wartime and Postwar United States." In Not June Cleaver: Women and Gender in Postwar America, 1945-1960, edited by Joanne Jay Meyerowitz, 304-33. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1994.
304. Lasch-Quinn, Elisabeth. Black Neighbors: Race and the Limits of Reform in the American Settlement House Movement, 1890-1945. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1993.
305. Lemke-Santangelo, Gretchen. Abiding Courage: African American Migrant Women and the East Bay Community. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.
306. Levenstein, Lisa. A Movement without Marches: African American Women and the Politics of Poverty in Postwar Philadelphia. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2009.
307. Lewis, David Levering. W. E. B. Du Bois: Biography of a Race, 1868-1919. New York: Henry Holt and Co., 1993.
308. Lewis, David Levering. W. E. B. When Harlem Was in Vogue. New York: Knopf, 1981. Reprint, New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.
309. Lewis, David W. "The Female Criminal and the Prisons of New York, 1825-1845." New York History 42 (July 1961): 215-36.
310. Lewis, Earl. "Afro-American Adaptive Strategies: The Visiting Habits of Kith and Kin among Black Norfolkians during the First Great Migration." Journal of Family History 12 (January 1987): 407-20.
311. Lewis, Earl. In Their Own Interests: Race, Class, and Power in Twentieth-Century Norfolk, Virginia. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991.
312. Lewis, Earl. "To Turn on a Pivot: Writing African American into a History of Overlapping Diasporas." American Historical Review (June 1995): 765-87.
313. Litwack, Leon. Trouble in Mind: Black Southerners in the Age of Jim Crow. New York: Vintage Books, 1999.
314. Logan, Rayford W. The Negro in American Life and Thought: The Nadir, 1877-1901. New York: Dial Press, 1954.
315. Lowell, Josephine Shaw. "House of Refuge for Women." In Women in Prison, 1834- 1928, edited by David Rothman and Shelia Rothman, 16-20. New York: Garland, 1987.
316. Luker, Ralph. The Social Gospel in Black and White: American Racial Reform, 1885-1912. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991.
317. Lunbeck, Elizabeth. "'A New Generation of Women': Progressive Psychiatrists and the Hypersexual Female." Feminist Studies 13 (Fall 1987): 513-43.
318. Lunbeck, Elizabeth. The Psychiatric Persuasion: Knowledge, Gender, and Power in Modern America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994.
319. Mack, Kenneth W. "Law, Society, Identity, and the Making of the Jim Crow South: Travel and Segregation on Tennessee Railroads, 1875-1900." Law & Social Inquiry 24 (Spring 1999): 377-409.
320. Malone, Jacqui. Steppin' on the Blues: The Visible Rhythms of African American Dance. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1996.
321. Mancini, Matthew. One Dies, Get Another: Convict Leasing in the American South, 1866-1928. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1996.
322. Manz, William H. "Desegregation in New York: The Jamaica School War, 1895-1900." New York State Bar Journal 76 (May 2004): 10-18.
323. Marks, Carole. Farewell-We're Good and Gone: The Great Black Migration. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989.
324. Maxwell, William Joseph. "Frances Kellor in the Progressive Era: A Case Study in the Professionalization of Reform." Ph.D. diss., Teacher's College, Columbia University, 1968.
325. McGuire, Danielle L. "'It Was Like All of Us Had Been Raped': Sexual Violence, Community Mobilization, and the African American Freedom Struggle." Journal of American History 91 (December 2004): 906-31.
326. McLaurin, Melton A. Celia, A Slave. New York: Bard, 1991.
327. Metcalf, Eugene Wesley, Jr. "The Letters of Paul and Alice Dunbar: A Private History." Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Irvine, 1973.
328. Meyerowitz, Joanne. "Sexual Geography and Gender Economy: The Furnished-Room Districts of Chicago, 1890-1930." In Unequal Sisters: A Multi-Cultural Reader in U.S. Women's History, 3rd. ed., edited by Vicki L. Ruiz and Ellen Carol DuBois, 307-23. New York: Routledge, 2000.
329. Meyerowitz, Joanne. Women Adrift: Independent Wage Earners in Chicago, 1880-1930. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988.
330. Mitchell, Michele. Righteous Propagation: African Americans and the Politics of Racial Destiny after Reconstruction. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004.
331. Mitchell, Michele. "Silences Broken, Silences Kept: Gender and Sexuality in African-American History." Gender & History 11, no. 3 (November 1999): 397-408.
332. Mitgang, Herbert. The Man Who Rode the Tiger: The Life and Times of Judge Samuel Seaberry. 1963. Reprint, New York: Fordham University Press, 1996.
333. Morgan, Jennifer L. "'Some Could Suckle over Their Shoulder': Male Travelers, Female Bodies, and the Gendering of Racial Ideology, 1500-1770." William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser., 54 (January 1997): 167-92.
334. Morton, Patricia. Disfigured Images: The Historical Assault on Afro-American Women. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1991.
335. Mumford, Kevin J. "Homosex Changes: Race, Cultural Geography, and the Emergence of the Gay." American Quarterly 48 (September 1996): 395-414.
336. Mumford, Kevin J. Interzones: Black/White Districts in Chicago and New York in the Early Twentieth Century. New York: Columbia University Press, 1997.
337. Nadasen, Premilla. Welfare Warriors: The Movement for Welfare Rights in the United States. New York: Routledge, 2005.
338. Naison, Mark. Communists in Harlem during the Great Depression. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1983.
339. Neckerman, Kathryn M. "The Emergence of 'Underclass' Family Patterns, 1900-1940." In The "Underclass" Debate: Views from History, edited by Michael B. Katz, 194-219. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993.
340. Nestle, Joan. "Excerpts from the Oral History of Mabel Hampton." Signs 18, no. 4 (Summer 1993): 925-35.
341. Nestle, Joan. A Fragile Union: New and Selected Writings. San Francisco, CA: Cleis Press, 1998.
342. Nestle, Joan. "Lesbians and Prostitutes: An Historical Sisterhood." In Joan Nestle, A Restricted Country, 157-77. New York: Firebrand Books, 1987.
343. Neverdon-Morton, Cynthia. Afro-American Women of the South and the Advancement of the Race, 1895-1925. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1989.
344. O'Connell, Lucille. "Frances Kellor." In Notable American Women, vol. 4, The Modern Period, 393-94. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1980.
345. Odem, Mary. Delinquent Daughters: Protecting and Policing Adolescent Female Sexuality in the United States, 1885-1920. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995.
346. Odem, Mary, and Steven Schlossman. "Guardians of Virtue: The Juvenile Court and Female Delinquency in Early 20th Century Los Angeles." Crime and Delinquency 37 (April 1991): 186-203.
347. Omolade, Barbara. The Rising Song of African American Women. New York: Routledge, 1994.
348. Orleck, Annelise. Storming Caesar's Palace: How Black Mothers Fought Their Own War on Poverty. Boston: Beacon Press, 2005.
349. Oshinsky, David. "Worse than Slavery": Parchman Farm and the Ordeal of Jim Crow Justice. New York: Free Press, 1996.
350. Osofsky, Gilbert. Harlem: The Making of a Ghetto. 2d ed. New York: Harper & Row, 1971.
351. Osofsky, Gilbert. "Race Riot, 1900: A Study of Ethnic Violence." Journal of Negro Education 32 (Winter 1963): 16-24.
352. Ottley, Roi. New World A-Coming: Inside Black America. Cleveland, OH: World Publishing Company, 1943.
353. Ottley, Roi, and William Weatherby, eds. The Negro in New York: An Informal Social History. New York: Oceana Publications Inc., 1967.
354. Painter, Nell Irvin. Exodusters: Black Migration to Kansas after Reconstruction. New York: W. W. Norton, 1976.
355. Painter, Nell Irvin. The Narrative of Hosea Hudson: The Life and Times of a Black Radical. New York: W. W. Norton, 1994.
356. Painter, Nell Irvin. "'Social Equality' and 'Rape' in the Fin-de-Siecle South." Chap. 4 in Southern History across the Color Line. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.
357. Painter, Nell Irvin. Sojourner Truth: A Life, a Symbol. New York: W. W. Norton, 1996.
358. Painter, Nell Irvin. "Soul Murder and Slavery: Toward a Fully Loaded Cost Accounting." Chap. 1 in Southern History across the Color Line. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.
359. Painter, Nell Irvin. Standing at Armageddon: The United States, 1877-1919. New York: W. W. Norton, 1987.
360. Parris, Guichard, and Lester Brooks. Blacks in the City: History of the National Urban League. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1971.
361. Pascoe, Peggy. Relations of Rescue: The Search for Female Moral Authority in the American West, 1874-1939. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.
362. Peiss, Kathy. "'Charity Girls' and City Pleasures: Historical Notes on Working-Class Sexuality, 1880-1920." In Passion and Power: Sexuality in History, edited by Kathy Peiss and Christina Simmons with Robert A. Padgug, 57-69. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 1989.
363. Peiss, Kathy. Cheap Amusements: Working Women and Leisure in Turn-of-the-Century New York. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 1986.
364. Peretti, Burton W. Nightclub City: Politics and Amusement in Manhattan. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007.
365. Peterson, Carla L. "Contesting Space in Antebellum New York: Black Community, City Neighborhoods, and the Draft Riots of 1863." In "We Shall Independent Be": African American Place Making and the Struggle to Claim Space in the United States, edited by Angel David Nieves and Leslie M. Alexander, 47-69. Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 2008.
366. Phillips, Kimberley L. AlabamaNorth: African American Migrants, Community, and Working-Class Activism in Cleveland, 1915-1945. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1999.
367. Pisciotta, Alexander. Benevolent Repression: Social Control and the American Reformatory-Prison Movement. New York: New York University Press, 1994.
368. Pleck, Elizabeth. "Two-Parent Household: Black Family Structure in Late-Nineteenth- Century Boston." Journal of Social History 6 (Fall 1972): 3-31.
369. Polansky, Lee S. "'I Certainly Hope That You Will Be Able to Train Her': Reformers and the Georgia Training School for Girls." In Before the New Deal: Social Welfare in the South, edited by Elna Green, 128-59. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1999.
370. Potter, Sarah. "'Undesirable Relations': Same-Sex Relationships and the Meaning of Sexual Desire at a Women's Reformatory during the Progressive Era." Feminist Studies 30 (Summer 2004): 394-415.
371. Quinn, Mae C. "Revisiting Anna Moscowitz Kross's Critique of New York City's Women's Court: The Continued Problem of Solving the 'Problem' of Prostitution with Specialized Criminal Courts." Fordham Urban Law Journal 33 (2006): 665-726.
372. Rabinowitz, Howard. Race Relations in the Urban South, 1865-1890. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1980.
373. Rainwater, Lee, and William L. Yancey. The Moynihan Report and the Politics of Controversy, Including the Text of Daniel Patrick Moynihan's The Negro Family: The Case for National Action. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1967.
374. Rafter, Nicole Hahn. Creating Born Criminals. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997.
375. Rafter, Nicole Hahn. "Hard Times: Custodial Prisons for Women and the Example of the New York State for Women at Auburn, 1893-1933." In Judge, Lawyer, Victim, Thief: Women, Gender Roles, and Criminal Justice, edited by Nicole Hahn Rafter and Elizabeth A. Stanko, 237-60. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1982.
376. Rafter, Nicole Hahn. Partial Justice: Women, Prisons, and Social Control. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 1990.
377. Roediger, David. The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class. New York: Verso, 1991.
378. Rosen, Hannah. "'Not That Sort of Women': Race, Gender and Sexual Violence during the Memphis Riot of 1866." In Sex, Love, Race: Crossing Boundaries in North American History, edited by Martha Hodes, 267-93. New York: New York University Press, 1999.
379. Rosen, Hannah. Terror in the Heart of Freedom: Citizenship, Sexual Violence, and the Meaning of Race in the Postemancipation South. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2009.
380. Rosen, Ruth. The Lost Sisterhood: Prostitution in America, 1900-1918. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982.
381. Rosenzweig, Roy. Eight Hours for What We Will: Workers and Leisure in an Industrial City, 1870-1920. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1983.
382. Ross, Ellen. "'Not the Sort that Would Sit on the Doorstep': Respectability in Pre- World War I London Neighborhoods." International Labor and Working-Class History 27 (Spring 1985): 39-59.
383. Rothman, David. Conscience and Convenience: The Asylum and Its Alternatives in Progressive America. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1980.
384. Ryan, Mary P. Women in Public: Between Banners and Ballots, 1825-1880. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990.
385. Sacks, Marcy Sarah. Before Harlem: The Black Experience in New York City Before World War I. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006.
386. Sacks, Marcy Sarah "'To Be a Man and Not a Lackey': Black Men, Work, and the Construction of Manhood in Gilded Age New York City." American Studies 45 (Spring 2004): 39-63.
387. Ryan, Mary P. "'To Show Who Was in Charge': Police Repression of New York City's Black Population at the Turn of the Twentieth Century." Journal of Urban History 31 (September 2005): 799-819.
388. Salem, Dorothy. To Better Our World: Black Women in Organized Reform, 1890-1920. Brooklyn, NY: Carlson Publishing, 1990.
389. Sangster, Joan. "Incarcerating 'Bad Girls': The Regulation of Sexuality Through the Female Refuges Act in Ontario, 1920-1945." Journal of the History of Sexuality 7 (October 1996): 239-75.
390. Sangster, Joan. "She Is Hostile to Our Ways: First Nations Girls Sentenced to the Ontario Training School for Girls, 1933-1960." Law and History Review 20 (Spring 2002): 59-96.
391. Schechter, Patricia. "All the Intensity of My Nature: Ida B. Wells, Anger, and Politics." Radical History Review 70 (Winter 1998): 49-77.
392. Schechter, Patricia. Ida B. Wells-Barnett and American Reform, 1880-1930. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
393. Scheiner, Seth M. Negro Mecca: A History of the Negro in New York City, 1865-1920. New York: New York University Press, 1967.
394. Schlossman, Steven L., and Stephanie Wallach. "The Crime of Precocious Sexuality: Female Juvenile Delinquency in the Progressive Era." Harvard Educational Review 48 (February 1978): 65-95.
395. Scott, Daryl Michael. Contempt and Pity: Social Policy and the Image of the Damaged Black Psyche, 1880-1996. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997.
396. San Gupta, Gunja. [SenGupta] "Black and 'Dangerous'? African American Working Poor Perspectives on Juvenile Reform and Welfare in Victorian New York, 1840- 1890." Journal of Negro History 86 (Spring 2001): 99-131.
397. SenGupta, Gunja. "Elites, Subalterns, and American Identities: A Case Study of African-American Benevolence." American Historical Review 109 (October 2004): 1104-39.
398. SenGupta, Gunja. From Slavery to Poverty: The Racial Origins of Welfare in New York, 1840-1918. New York: New York University Press, 2009.
399. Shapiro, Herbert. White Violence and Black Response: From Reconstruction to Montgomery. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1988.
400. Shaw, Stephanie J. "Black Club Women and the Creation of the National Association of Colored Women." Journal of Women's History 3 (Fall 1991): 10-25.
401. Shaw, Stephanie J. What a Woman Ought to Be and to Do: Black Professional Women Workers during the Jim Crow Era. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996.
402. Simmons, Christina. "African Americans and Sexual Victorianism in the Social Hygiene Movement, 1910-1940." Journal of the History of Sexuality 4 (July 1993): 51-75.
403. Sitkoff, Harvard. The Struggle for Black Equality, 1954-1992. Rev. ed. New York: Hill and Wang, 1993.
404. Somerville, Siobhan. "Scientific Racism and the Emergence of the Homosexual Body." Journal of the History of Sexuality 5 (October 1994): 243-66.
405. Spillers, Hortense J. "Interstices: A Small Drama of Words." In Pleasure and Danger: Exploring Female Sexuality, edited by Carole S. Vance, 73-100. Boston: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1984.
406. Stansell, Christine. City of Women: Sex and Class in New York, 1789-1860. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.
407. Stevenson, Brenda. "Black Family Structure in Colonial and Antebellum Virginia: Amending the Revisionist Perspective." In The Decline in Marriage among African Americans, edited by M. Belinda Tucker and Claudia Mitchell-Kernan, 27-56. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1995.
408. Strange, Carolyn. Toronto's Girl Problem: The Perils and Pleasures of the City. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995.
409. Tappan, Paul W. Delinquent Girls in Court: A Study of the Wayward Minor Court of New York. New York: Columbia University Press, 1947. Reprint, Glen Ridge, NJ: Patterson Smith, 1969.
410. Tappan, Paul W. Juvenile Delinquency. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1949.
411. Tate, Claudia. Domestic Allegories of Political Desire: The Black Heroine's Text at the Turn of the Century. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.
412. Thornbrough, Lou. T. Thomas Fortune: Militant Journalist. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1972.
413. Trotter, Joe William. Black Milwaukee: The Making of an Industrial Proletariat, 1915-1945. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1985.
414. Trotter, Joe William, ed. The Great Migration in Historical Perspective: New Dimensions of Race, Class, and Gender. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991.
415. Turner, W. Burghardt, and Joyce Moore Turner. Richard B. Moore, Caribbean Militant in Harlem: Collected Writings, 1920-1972. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988.
416. Walkowitz, Judith R. City of Dreadful Delight: Narratives of Sexual Danger in Late Victorian London. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.
417. Watkins-Owens, Irma. Blood Relations: Caribbean Immigrants and the Harlem Community, 1900-1930. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996.
418. Watterson, Kathyrn. Women in Prison: Inside the Concrete Womb. Rev. ed. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1996.
419. Weisenfeld, Judith. African American Women and Christian Activism: New York's Black YWCA, 1905-1945. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997.
420. Weiss, Nancy J. The National Urban League, 1910-1940. New York: Oxford University Press, 1974.
421. Welke, Barbara. "When All the Women Were White, and All the Blacks Were Men: Gender, Class, Race, and the Road to Plessy, 1855-1914." Law and History Review 13 (Autumn 1995): 261-316.
422. Welter, Barbara. "The Cult of True Womanhood, 1820-1860." American Quarterly 18 (Summer 1966): 151-74.
423. White, Deborah Gray. Ar'n't I a Woman? Female Slaves in the Plantation South. Rev. ed. New York: W. W. Norton, 1999.
424. White, Deborah Gray. "The Cost of Club Work, the Price of Black Feminism." In Visible Women: New Essays on American Activism, edited by Nancy A. Hewitt and Suzanne Lebsock, 247-69. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1993.
425. White, Deborah Gray. Too Heavy a Load: Black Women in Defense of Themselves, 1894-1994. New York: W. W. Norton, 1999.
426. White, Shane. "'It Was a Proud Day': African Americans, Festivals, and Parades in the North, 1741-1834." In The New African American Urban History, edited by Kenneth W. Goings and Raymond A. Mohl, 45-51. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1996.
427. Wilder, Craig Steven. A Covenant with Color: Race and Social Power in Brooklyn. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000.
428. Wilder, Craig Steven. In the Company of Black Men: The African Influence on African American Culture in New York City. New York: New York University Press, 2001.
429. Williams, Rhonda Y. The Politics of Public Housing: Black Women's Struggles against Urban Inequality. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.
430. Wilson, Francille Rusan. The Segregated Scholars: Black Social Scientists and the Creation of Black Labor Studies, 1890-1950. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2006.
431. Wolcott, Victoria W. "Bible, Bath, and Broom: Nannie Helen Burroughs's National Training School and African-American Racial Uplift." Journal of Women's History 9 (Spring 1997): 88-110.
432. Wolcott, Victoria W. "The Culture of the Informal Economy: Numbers Runners in Inter-War Detroit." Radical History Review 69 (Fall 1997): 47-75.
433. Wolcott, Victoria W. Remaking Respectability: African American Women in Interwar Detroit. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
434. Yochelson, Bonnie, and Daniel Czitrom. Rediscovering Jacob Riis: Exposure Journalism and Photography in Turn-of-the-Century New York. New York: New Press, 2007.
435. Zimmerman, Jane. "The Penal Reform Movement in the South during the Progressive Era, 1890-1917." Journal of Southern History 17 (November 1951): 470-92.