Measurement equivalence of the CES-D 8 depression-scale among the ageing population in eleven European countries

Social Science Research

Volumn 46, Issue , 2014, Pages 38-47

  Missinne, Sarah ^a,b   Vandeviver, Christophe ^a   Van de Velde, Sarah ^a,b   Bracke, Piet ^a  

^a GHENT UNIVERSITY   (Belgium)

^b RESEARCH FOUNDATION FLANDERS FWO   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Ageing; CES D 8; Depression; Europe; Multi group confirmatory factor analysis

Indexed keywords

AGE; AGED; AGING; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CULTURAL FACTOR; DEPRESSION; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; EUROPE; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; PSYCHOLOGY; QUESTIONNAIRE;

AGE FACTORS; AGED; AGING; CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISON; DEPRESSION; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; EUROPE; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; SURVEYS AND QUESTIONNAIRES;

EID: 84897715853     PISSN: 0049089X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2014.02.006     Document Type: Article

References (101)

1. Alonso J. Use of mental health services in Europe: results from the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD) project. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2004, 109(s420):47.
2. Barua A., Ghosh M.K., Kar N., Basilio M.A. Prevalence of depressive disorders in the elderly. Ann. Saudi Med. 2011, 31(6):620-624.
3. Bambra C., Eikemo T.A. Welfare state regimes, unemployment and health: a comparative study of the relationship between unemployment and self-reported health in 23 European countries. J. Epidemiol. Commun. H. 2009, 63(2):92-98.
4. Baumeister H., Harter M. Prevalence of mental disorders based on general population surveys. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 2007, 42(7):537-546.
5. Bebbington P. The origins of sex differences in depressive disorder: Bridging the gap. Int. Rev. Psychiatry 1996, 8(4):295-332.
6. Beekman A.T.F., Copeland J.R.M., Prince M.J. Review of community prevalence of depression in later life. Br. J. Psychiatry 1999, 174:307-311.
7. Bentler P.M. Fit indexes, lagrange multipliers, constraint changes and incomplete data in structural models. Multivar. Behav. Res. 1990, 25(2):163-172.
8. Billiet J. Cross-cultural equivalence with structural equation modeling. Cross-Cultural Survey Methods 2003, 247-265. Wiley, New York. J. Harkness, F. Van de Vijver, P. Mohler (Eds.).
9. Billiet, J., Welkenhuysen-Gybels, J., 2004. "Assessing cross-national construct equivalence in the ESS: the case of six immigration items". In: Van Dijkun, C., Blasius, J., Durand, C. (Eds.), Recent Developments and Applications in Social Research Methodology: Barbara Budrich Pub. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Social Science Methodology. August 2004 Amsterdam.
10. Blazer D., Burchett B., Service C., George L.K. The association of age and depression among the elderly - an epidemiologic exploration. J. Gerontol. 1991, 46(6):M210-M215.
11. Bolla-wilson K., Bleecker M.L. Absence of depression in elderly adults. J. Gerontol. 1989, 44(2):P53-P55.
12. Börsch-Supan A., Jürges H. The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe - Methodology 2005, MEA, Mannheim.
13. Braam A.W., Prince M.J., Beekman A.T.F., Delespaul P., Dewey M.E., Geerlings S.W., et al. Physical health and depressive symptoms in older Europeans - results from EURODEP. Br. J. Psychiatry 2005, 187:35-42.
14. Brault M.C., Meuleman B., Bracke P. Depressive symptoms in the Belgian population: disentangling age and cohort effects. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 2012, 47(6):903-915.
15. Buber I., Engelhardt H. The association between age and depressive symptoms among older men and women in Europe. Findings from SHARE. Comp. Populat. Stud. - Zeitschrift für Bevölkerungswissenschaft 2011, 36(1).
16. Busemeyer M.R., Goerres A., Weschle S. Attitudes towards redistributive spending in an era of demographic ageing: the rival pressures from age and income in 14 OECD countries. J. Eur. Soc. Policy 2009, 19(3):195-212.
17. Byrne B.M., Shavelson R.J., Muthen B. Testing for the equivalence of factor covariance and mean structures - the issue of partial measurement invariance. Psychol. Bull. 1989, 105(3):456-466.
18. Carlson P. The European health divide: a matter of financial or social capital?. Soc. Sci. Med. 2004, 59(9):1985-1992.
19. Castro-Costa E., Dewey M., Stewart R., Banerjee S., Huppert F., Mendonca-Lima C., et al. Prevalence of depressive symptoms and syndromes in later life in ten European countries the SHARE study. Br. J. Psychiatry 2007, 191:393-401.
20. Castro-Costa E., Dewey M., Stewart R., Banerjee S., Huppert F., Mendonca-Lima C., et al. Ascertaining late-life depressive symptoms in Europe: an evaluation of the survey version of the EURO-D scale in 10 nations. The SHARE project. Int. J. Methods Psychiatric Res. 2008, 17(1):12-29.
21. Chen F.N., Yang Y., Liu G.Y. Socioeconomic disparities in health over the life course in china: a cohort analysis. Am. Sociol. Rev. 2010, 75(1):126-150.
22. Cheng S.T., Chan A.C.M., Fung H.H. Factorial structure of a short version of the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale. Int. J. Geriatric Psychiatry 2006, 21(4):333-336.
23. Cheung G.W., Rensvold R.B. Testing factorial invariance across groups: a reconceptualization and proposed new method. J. Manage. 1999, 25(1):1-27.
24. Cheung G.W., Rensvold R.B. Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Struct. Equ. Model. 2002, 9(2):233-255.
25. Cole M.G. Risk factors for depression among elderly community subjects: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am. J. Psychiatry 2003, 160(6):1147.
26. Copeland J.R.M., Beekman A.T.F., Dewey M.E., Hooijer C., Jordan A., Lawlor B.A., et al. Depression in Europe - geographical distribution among older people. Br. J. Psychiatry 1999, 174:312-321.
27. Copeland J.R., Beekman A.T., Braam A.W., Dewey M.E., Delespaul P., Fuhrer R., et al. Depression among older people in Europe: the EURODEP studies. World Psychiatry: Official J. World Psychiatric Assoc. 2004, 3(1):45-49.
28. Davidov E. Nationalism and constructive patriotism: a longitudinal test of comparability in 22 countries with the ISSP. Int. J. Public Opin. Res. 2011, 23(1):88-103.
29. Davidov E., Meuleman B., Billiet J., Schmidt P. Values and support for immigration: a cross-country comparison. Eur. Sociol. Rev. 2008, 24(5):583-599.
30. Davidov E., Dulmer H., Schluter E., Schmidt P., Meuleman B. Using a multilevel structural equation modeling approach to explain cross-cultural measurement noninvariance. J. Cross Cult. Psychol. 2012, 43(4):558-575.
31. Eikemo T.A., Bambra C., Judge K., Ringdal K. Welfare state regimes and differences in self-perceived health in Europe: a multilevel analysis. Soc. Sci. Med. 2008, 66(11):2281-2295.
32. Elder G.H. Children of the Great Depression: Social Change in Life Experiences 1974, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
33. Fiske A., Gatz M., Pedersen N.L. Depressive symptoms and aging: the effects of illness and non-health-related events. J. Gerontol. Series B - Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. 2003, 58(6):P320-P328.
34. Heath A., Martin J., Spreckelsen T. Cross-national comparability of survey attitude measures. Int. J. Public Opin. Res. 2009, 21(3):293-315.
35. Hertzog C., Van Alstine J., Usala P.D., Hultsch D.F., Dixon R. Measurement properties of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) in older populations. Psychol. Assess.: A J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 1990, 2(1):64.
36. Hollingshead A.B., Redlich F.C. Social Class and Mental Illness 1958, Wiley, New York.
37. Horn J.L. A practical and theoretical guide to measurement invariance in aging research. Exp. Aging Res. 1992, 18(3):117.
38. Hu L.T., Bentler P.M. Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification. Psychol. Methods 1998, 3(4):424-453.
39. Hughes M.E., Waite L.J. Health in household context: living arrangements and health in late middle age. J. Health Soc. Behav. 2002, 43(1):1-21.
40. Huijts T., Eikemo T.A. Causality, social selectivity or artefacts ? Why socioeconomic inequalities in health are not smallest in the Nordic countries. Eur. J. Pub. Health 2009, 19(5):452-453.
41. Huijts, T., Kraaykamp, G., Subramanian, S.V., 2011. Childlessness and psychological well-being in context: a multilevel study on 24 European countries. Eur. Sociol. Rev.
42. Joreskog K.G. New developments in lisrel - analysis of ordinal variables using polychoric correlations and weighted least-squares. Qual. Quant. 1990, 24(4):387-404.
43. Jorm A.F. Does old age reduce the risk of anxiety and depression? A review of epidemiological studies across the adult life span. Psychol. Med. 2000, 30(1):11-22.
44. Jorm A.F., Windsor T.D., Dear K.B.G., Anstey K.J., Christensen H., Rodgers B. Age group differences in psychological distress: the role of psychosocial risk factors that vary with age. Psychol. Med. 2005, 35(9):1253-1263.
45. Kessler R.C., Birnbaum H., Bromet E., Hwang I., Sampson N., Shahly V. Age differences in major depression: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). Psychol. Med. 2010, 40(2):225-237.
46. Kessler R.C., Birnbaum H.G., Shahly V., Bromet E., Hwang I., McLaughlin K.A., et al. Age differences in the prevalence and co-morbidity of Dsm-Iv major depressive episodes: results from the who world mental health survey initiative. Depress. Anxiety 2010, 27(4):351-364.
47. Knight R.G., Williams S., Mcgee R., Olaman S. Psychometric properties of the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) in a sample of women in middle life. Behav. Res. Ther. 1997, 35(4):373-380.
48. Kok R., Avendano M., Bago d'Uva T.B., Mackenbach J. Can reporting heterogeneity explain differences in depressive symptoms across Europe?. Soc. Indic. Res. 2012, 105(2):191-210.
49. Koots-Ausmees L., Realo A., Allik J. The relationship between life satisfaction and emotional experience in 21 European countries. J. Cross Cult. Psychol. 2013, 44(2):223-244.
50. Lenze E.J., Rogers J.C., Martire L.M., Mulsant B.H., Rollman B.L., Dew M.A., et al. The association of late-life depression and anxiety with physical disability - a review of the literature and prospectus for future research. Am. J. Geriatric Psychiatry 2001, 9(2):113-135.
51. Levecque K., Van Rossem R., De Boyser K., Van de Velde S., Bracke P. Economic hardship and depression across the life course: the impact of welfare state regimes. J. Health Soc. Behav. 2011, 52(2):262-276.
52. Little T.D. A non-arbitrary method of identifying and scaling latent variables in SEM and MACS models. Struct. Equ. Model. 2006, 13(1):59.
53. Litwin H. Examination of the association of age, disability, and mood among Jewish older adults in Israel. Aging Mental Health 2002, 6(4):397-401.
54. Long Foley K. Measurement adequacy of the CES-D among a sample of older African-Americans. Psychiatry Res. 2002, 109(1):61.
55. Lorant V., Deliege D., Eaton W., Robert A., Philippot P., Ansseau M. Socioeconomic inequalities in depression: a meta-analysis. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2003, 157(2):98-112.
56. Mccallum J., Mackinnon A., Simons L., Simons J. Measurement properties of the center-for-epidemiologic-studies depression scale - an Australian community study of aged persons. J. Gerontol. Series B - Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. 1995, 50(3):S182-S189.
57. Meredith W. Measurement invariance, factor-analysis and factorial invariance. Psychometrika 1993, 58(4):525-543.
58. Meuleman, B., Billiet, J., 2011. Religious Involvement: its Relation to Values and Social Attitudes Cross-Cultural Analysis: Methods and Applications. Taylor and Francis Group, New York: Routlege, pp. 173-206.
59. Mirowsky J., Ross C.E. Age and depression. J. Health Soc. Behav. 1992, 33(3):187-205.
60. Mirowsky J., Ross C.E. Education, Social Status, and Health 2003, de Gruyter Inc., New York.
61. Missinne S., Bracke P. Depressive symptoms among immigrants and ethnic minorities: a population based study in 23 European countries. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 2012, 47(1):97-109.
62. Missinne S., Meuleman B., Bracke P. Popular legitimacy of European health care systems. A multilevel analysis of 24 countries. J. Eur. Soc. Policy 2013, 23(3):231-246.
63. Mui A.C., Burnette D., Chen L.M. Cross-cultural assessment of geriatric depression: a review of the CES-D and the GDS. J. Mental Health Aging 2001, 7(1):137-164.
64. Piccinelli M., Wilkinson G. Gender differences in depression - critical review. Br. J. Psychiatry 2000, 177:486-492.
65. Pichler F., Wallace C. Patterns of formal and informal social capital in Europe. Eur. Sociol. Rev. 2007, 23(4):423-435.
66. Ploubidis G.B., Grundy E. Later-life mental health in Europe: a country-level comparison. J. Gerontol. Series B: Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. 2009, 64B(5):666-676.
67. Ploubidis G.B., Dale C., Grundy E. Later life health in Europe: how important are country level influences?. Eur. J. Ageing 2012, 9(1):5-13.
68. Prince M.J., Reischies F., Beekman A.T.F., Fuhrer R., Jonker C., Kivela S.L., et al. Development of the EURO-D scale - a European Union initiative to compare symptoms of depression in 14 European centres. Br. J. Psychiatry 1999, 174:330-338.
69. Prince M.J.F., Acosta D., Chiu H., Copeland J., Dewey M., Scazufca M., et al. Dementia research group. effects of education and culture on the validity of the geriatric mental State and its AGECAT algorithm. Br. J. Psychiatry 2004, 185:429-436.
70. Radloff L. The CES-D scale: a self report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl. Psychol. Meas. 1977, 1(3):385-401.
71. Realo A., Dobewall H. Does life satisfaction change with age? A comparison of Estonia, Finland, Latvia, and Sweden. J. Res. Pers. 2011, 45(3):297-308.
72. Rensvold R.B. Testing measurement models for factorial invariance. A systematic approach. Educ. Psychol. Measur. 1998, 58(6):1017.
73. Riley M.W. Aging and cohort succession - interpretations and misinterpretations. Public Opin. Quart. 1973, 37(1):35-49.
74. Ryder N.B. The cohort as a concept in the study of social-change. Am. Sociol. Rev. 1965, 30(6):843-861.
75. Schaie K.W., Willis S.L., Pennak S. An historical framework for cohort differences in intelligence. Res. Human Dev. 2005, 2:43-67.
76. Schumacker R.E., Lomax R.G. A Beginner's Guide to Structural Equation Modeling 2010, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc., New York. third ed.
77. Seedat S., Scott K.M., Angermeyer M.C., Berglund P., Bromet E.J., Brugha T.S., et al. Cross-national associations between gender and mental disorders in the world health organization world mental health surveys. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2009, 66(7):785-795.
78. SHARE. 2012. Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement. http://www.share-project.org.
79. Sörbom D. A general method for studying differences in factor means and factor structure between groups. Br. J. Math. Stat. Psychol. 2011, 27(2):229-239.
80. Steenkamp J.B.E.M., Baumgartner H. Assessing measurement invariance in cross-national consumer research. J. Consum. Res. 1998, 25(1):78-90.
81. Steffick, D., 2000. "Documentations of affective functioning measures in the Health and Retirement Study." HRS/AHEAD Documentation Report DR-005: Ann Arbor: Survey Research Centre, University of Michigan. http://hrsonline.isr.umich.edu/docs/userg/dr-005.pdf.
82. Steiger J.H. Structural model evaluation and modification - an interval estimation approach. Multivar. Behav. Res. 1990, 25(2):173-180.
83. Steinmetz H. Estimation and comparison of latent means across cultures. Cross-Cultural Analysis: Methods and Applications 2011, 85-116. Routledge, New York, (Chapter 4). E. Davidov, P. Smith, J. Billiet (Eds.).
84. Stordal E., Kruger M.B., Dahl N.H., Kruger O., Mykletun A., Dahl A.A. Depression in relation to age and gender in the general population: the Nord-Trondelag Health Study (HUNT). Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2001, 104(3):210-216.
85. Stordal E., Mykletun A., Dahl A.A. The association between age and depression in the general population: a multivariate examination. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2003, 107(2):132-141.
86. Tucker L.R., Lewis C. Reliability coefficient for maximum likelihood factor-analysis. Psychometrika 1973, 38(1):1-10.
87. Van de Velde S., Bracke P., Levecque K. Gender differences in depression in 23 European countries. Cross-national variation in the gender gap in depression. Soc. Sci. Med. 2010, 71(2):305-313.
88. Van de Velde S., Bracke P., Levecque K., Meuleman B. Gender differences in depression in 25 European countries after eliminating measurement bias in the CES-D 8. Soc. Sci. Res. 2010, 39(3):396-404.
89. Van de Velde, S., Huijts, T., Bracke, P., Bambra, C., 2012. Macro-level gender equality and depression in men and women in Europe. Sociology of Health & Illness, no-no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9566.2012.01521.x.
90. Van de Vijver F. Bias and equivalence. Cross-Cultural Survey Methods 2003, 143-155. Wiley and Sons, New Jersey. J. Harkness, F. Van de Vijver, P. Mohler (Eds.).
91. Van de Vijver F. Capturing bias in structural equation modeling. Cross-Cultural Analysis: Methods and Applications 2011, Routledge, New York. E. Davidov, P. Smith, J. Billiet (Eds.).
92. Van de Vijver F., Leung K. Methods and Data-Analysis in Cross-Cultural Research 1997, Sage, Thousand Oaks.
93. Van de Vijver F., Tanzer N.K. Bias and equivalence in cross-cultural assessment: an overview. Revue européene de psychologie appliquée 2004, 54:119-135.
94. Vandenberg R.J., Lance C.E. A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: suggestions, practices and recommendations for organizational research. Organ. Res. Methods 2000, 3(1):4-69.
95. Veenhoven R. Happy life-expectancy - a comprehensive measure of quality-of-life in nations. Soc. Indic. Res. 1996, 39(1):1-58.
96. Veenhoven R. Well-being in the welfare state: level not higher, distribution not more equitable. J. Comp. Policy Anal. 2000, 2000(2):91-125.
97. Verropoulou G., Tsimbos C. Socio-demographic and health-related factors affecting depression of the Greek population in later life: an analysis using SHARE data. Eur. J. Ageing 2007, 4(3):171-181.
98. von dem Knesebeck O., Pattyn E., Bracke P. Education and depressive symptoms in 22 European countries. Int. J. Public Health 2011, 56(1):107-110.
99. Welkenhuysen-Gybels J., Billiet J. A comparison of techniques for detecting cross-cultural inequivalence at the item level. Qual. Quant. 2002, 36(3):197-218.
100. WHO. 2000. Women's Mental Health. An Evidence Based Review.
101. Wittchen H.U., Jacobi F. Size and burden of mental disorders in Europe - a critical review and appraisal of 27 studies. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2005, 15(4):357-376.