Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) from Brandenburg, Germany

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

Volumn 5, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 277-280

  Härtwig, Vera ^a   von Loewenich, Friederike D ^b   Schulze, Christoph ^c   Straubinger, Reinhard K ^d   Daugschies, Arwid ^a   Dyachenko, Viktor ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEIPZIG   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF FREIBURG   (Germany)

^c State Laboratory Brandenburg   (Germany)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

Author keywords

Anaplasma phagocytophilum; Lung tissue; Nyctereutes procyonoides; Raccoon dogs; Real time PCR; Red foxes; Vulpes vulpes

Indexed keywords

BACTERIAL DNA; RNA 16S; BACTERIAL PROTEIN; RIBOSOME DNA;

ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; ANIMAL TISSUE; ANKA GENE; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL GENE; BACTERIUM DETECTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DNA EXTRACTION; GENE AMPLIFICATION; GERMANY; LUNG; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RACCOON DOG; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA SEQUENCE; SPLEEN; VULPES VULPES; ANIMAL; CHEMISTRY; DNA SEQUENCE; EHRLICHIOSIS; FOX; GENETICS; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; MICROBIOLOGY; MOLECULAR GENETICS; PARASITOLOGY; SPECIES DIFFERENCE; TICK; VETERINARY;

ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; ANIMALIA; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); IXODIDA; NYCTEREUTES PROCYONOIDES; VULPES; VULPES VULPES;

ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; ANIMALS; BACTERIAL PROTEINS; BASE SEQUENCE; DNA, BACTERIAL; DNA, RIBOSOMAL; EHRLICHIOSIS; FOXES; GERMANY; LUNG; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; RACCOON DOGS; RNA, RIBOSOMAL, 16S; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA; SPECIES SPECIFICITY; TICKS;

EID: 84897468925     PISSN: 1877959X     EISSN: 18779603     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2013.11.001     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Bown K.J., Lambin X., Odgen N.H., Begon M., Telford G., Woldehiwet Z., Birtles R.J. Delineating Anaplasma phagocytophilum ecotypes in coexisting, discrete enzootic cycles. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2009, 15:1948-1952.
2. Courtney J.W., Kostelnik L.M., Zeidner N.S., Massung R.F. Multiplex real-time PCR for detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2004, 42:3164-3168.
3. De la Fuente J., Massung R.F., Wong S.J., Chu F.K., Lutz H., Meli M., von Loewenich F.D., Grzeszczuk A., Torina A., Caracappa S., Mangold A.J., Naranjo V., Stuen S., Kocan K.M. Sequence analysis of the msp4 gene of Anaplasma phagocytophilum strains. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2005, 43:1309-1316.
4. Dumler J.S., Barbet A.F., Bekker C.P., Dasch G.A., Palmer G.H., Ray S.C., Rikihisa Y., Rurangirwa F.R. Reorganization of genera in the families Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae in the order Rickettsiales: unification of some species of Ehrlichia with Anaplasma, Cowdria with Ehrlichia and Ehrlichia with Neorickettsia, descriptions of six new species combinations and designation of Ehrlichia equi and 'HGE agent' as subjective synonyms of Ehrlichia phagocytophila. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2001, 51:2145-2165.
5. Dyachenko V., Geiger C., Pantchev N., Majzoub M., Bell-Sakyi L., Krupka I., Straubinger R.K. Isolation of canine Anaplasma phagocytophilum strains from clinical blood samples using the Ixodes ricinus cell line IRE/CTVM20. Vet. Microbiol. 2013, 162:980-986.
6. Ebani V.V., Verin R., Fratini F., Poli A., Cerri D. Molecular survey of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia canis in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from central Italy. J. Wildl. Dis. 2011, 47:699-703.
7. Foley J.E., Nieto N.C., Massung R., Barbet A., Madigan J., Brown R.N. Distinct ecologically relevant strains of Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2009, 15:842-843.
8. Franzen P., Aspan A., Egenvall A., Gunnarsson A., Karlstam E., Pringle J. Molecular evidence for persistence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in the absence of clinical abnormalities in horses after recovery from acute experimental infection. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 2009, 23:636-642.
9. Giudice E., Giannetto C., Furco V., Alongi A., Torina A. Anaplasma phagocytophilum seroprevalence in equids: a survey in Sicily (Italy). Parasitol. Res. 2012, 111:951-955.
10. Granquist E.G., Bardsen K., Bergström K., Stuen S. Variant- and individual dependant nature of persistent Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection. Acta Vet. Scand. 2010, 52:25.
11. Hamel D., Bondarenko A., Silaghi C., Nolte I., Pfister K. Seroprevalence and bacteremia of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in cats from Bavaria and Lower Saxony (Germany). Berl. Münch. Tierärztl. Wochenschr. 2012, 125:163-167.
12. Hulinska D., Langrova K., Pejcoch M., Pavlasek I. Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in animals by real-time polymerase chain reaction. APMIS 2004, 112:239-247.
13. Karbowiak G., Vichova B., Majlathova V., Hapunik J., Petko B. Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Ann. Agric. Environ. Med. 2009, 16:299-300.
14. Krupka I., Pantchev N., Lorentzen L., Weise M., Straubinger R.K. Tick-transmitted, bacterial infections in dogs: seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Ehrlichia canis in Germany. Praktische Tierarzt 2007, 88:776-788.
15. Lempereur L., Lebrun M., Cuvelier P., Sepult G., Caron Y., Saegerman C., Shiels B., Losson B. Longitudinal field study on bovine Babesia spp. and Anaplasma phagocytophilum infections during a grazing season in Belgium. Parasitol. Res. 2012, 110:1525-1530.
16. Lepidi H., Bunnell J.E., Martin M.E., Madigan J.E., Stuen S., Dumler J.S. Comparative pathology, and immunohistology associated with clinical illness after Ehrlichia phagocytophila-group infections. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2000, 62:29-37.
17. Massung R.F., Owens J.H., Ross D., Reed K.D., Petrovec M., Bjoersdorff A., Coughlin R.T., Beltz G.A., Murphy C.I. Sequence analysis of the ankh gene of granulocytic ehrlichiae. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2000, 38:2917-2922.
18. Massung R.F., Slater K., Owens J.H., Nicholson W.L., Mather T.N., Solberg V.B., Olson J.G. Nested PCR assay for detection of granulocytic ehrlichiae. J. Clin. Microbiol. 1998, 36:1090-1095.
19. Paulauskas A., Radzijevskaja J., Rosef O. Molecular detection and characterization of Anaplasma phagocytophilum strains. Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2012, 35:187-195.
20. Praskova I., Bezdekova B., Zeman P., Jahn P. Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in horses in the Czech Republic. Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. 2011, 2:111-115.
21. Pusterla N., Anderson R.J., House J.K., Pusterla J.B., Derock E., Madigan J.E. Susceptibility of cattle to infection with Ehrlichia equi and the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 2001, 218:1160-1162.
22. Pusterla N., Deplazes P., Braun U., Lutz H. Serological evidence of infection with Ehrlichia spp. in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Switzerland. J. Clin. Microbiol. 1999, 37:1168-1169.
23. Pusterla N., Pusterla J.B., Braun U., Lutz H. Experimental cross-infections with Ehrlichia phagocytophila and human granulocytic ehrlichia-like agent in cows and horses. Vet. Rec. 1999, 145:311-314.
24. Rikihisa Y. Mechanisms of obligatory intracellular infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2011, 24:469-489.
25. Scharf W., Schauer S., Freyburger F., Petrovec M., Schaarschmidt-Kiener D., Liebisch G., Runge M., Ganter M., Kehl A., Dumler J.S., Garcia-Perez A.L., Jensen J., Fingerle V., Meli M.L., Ensser A., Stuen S., von Loewenich F.D. Distinct host species correlate with Anaplasma phagocytophilum ankA gene clusters. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2011, 49:790-796.
26. Scorpio D.G., Dumler J.S., Barat N.C., Cook J.A., Barat C.E., Stillman B.A., DeBisceglie K.C., Beall M.J., Chandrashekar R. Comparative strain analysis of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection and clinical outcomes in a canine model of granulocytic anaplasmosis. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2011, 11:223-229.
27. Silaghi C., Liebisch G., Pfister K. Genetic variants of Anaplasma phagocytophilum from 14 equine granulocytic anaplasmosis cases. Parasit. Vectors 2011, 4:161.
28. Silaghi C., Kauffmann M., Passos L.M., Pfister K., Zweygarth E. Isolation, propagation and preliminary characterisation of Anaplasma phagocytophilum from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in the tick cell line IDE8. Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. 2011, 2:204-208.
29. Silaghi C., Skuballa J., Thiel C., Pfister K., Petney T., Pfäffle M., Taraschewski H., Passos L.M. The European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus)-a suitable reservoir for variants of Anaplasma phagocytophilum?. Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. 2012, 3:49-54.
30. Sreter T., Sreter-Lancz Z., Szell Z., Kalman D. Anaplasma phagocytophilum: an emerging tick-borne pathogen in Hungary and Central Eastern Europe. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 2004, 98:401-405.
31. Sutor A., Schwarz S., Conraths F.J. The raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Germany-an established Neozoon as host and vector for parasites and other pathogenes. Berl. Münch. Tierärztl. Wochenschr. 2011, 124:457-464. (in German).
32. Thomas R.J., Birtles R.J., Radford A.D., Woldehiwet Z. Recurrent bacteraemia in sheep infected persistently with Anaplasma phagocytophilum. J. Comp. Pathol. 2012, 147:360-367.
33. von Loewenich F.D., Baumgarten B.U., Schroppel K., Geissdorfer W., Röllinghoff M., Bogdan C. High diversity of ankA sequences of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among Ixodes ricinus ticks in Germany. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2003, 41:5033-5040.
34. Woldehiwet Z. The natural history of Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Vet. Parasitol. 2010, 167:108-122.