메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 66, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 232-248

Emotional labour, training stress, burnout, and depressive symptoms in junior doctors

Author keywords

depressive symptoms; emotional labour; junior doctors; training stress; work related burnout

Indexed keywords


EID: 84897402552     PISSN: 13636820     EISSN: 17475090     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13636820.2014.884155     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (39)

References (79)
  • 6
    • 3242758387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep Deprivation and Fatigue in Residency Training: Results of a National Survey of First-and Second-year Residents
    • Baldwin, D. C., and S. R. Daugherty. 2004. "Sleep Deprivation and Fatigue in Residency Training: Results of a National Survey of First-and Second-year Residents." Sleep 27: 217-223.
    • (2004) Sleep , vol.27 , pp. 217-223
    • Baldwin, D.C.1    Daugherty, S.R.2
  • 7
    • 84897457249 scopus 로고
    • Philadelphia, PA, Philadelphia, PA,: University of Pennsylvania Press
    • Beck, A. T. 1970. Depresion: Causes and Treatment. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
    • (1970) Depresion: Causes and Treatment
    • Beck, A.T.1
  • 8
    • 0037134933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation of Mood and Empathy during Internship
    • Bellini, L. M., M. Baime, and J. A. Shea. 2002. "Variation of Mood and Empathy during Internship." JAMA 287: 3143-3146.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.287 , pp. 3143-3146
    • Bellini, L.M.1    Baime, M.2    Shea, J.A.3
  • 9
    • 84970378038 scopus 로고
    • Practical Issues in Structural Modeling
    • Bentler, P. M., and C. Chou. 1987. "Practical Issues in Structural Modeling." Sociological Methods & Research 16: 78-117. doi:10.1177/0049124187016001004.
    • (1987) Sociological Methods & Research , vol.16 , pp. 78-117
    • Bentler, P.M.1    Chou, C.2
  • 10
    • 0034934557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Training, Job Demands and Mental Health of Pre-registration House Officers
    • Bogg, J., T. Gibbs, and P. Bundred. 2001. "Training, Job Demands and Mental Health of Pre-registration House Officers." Medical Education 35: 590-595.
    • (2001) Medical Education , vol.35 , pp. 590-595
    • Bogg, J.1    Gibbs, T.2    Bundred, P.3
  • 11
    • 84909210389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward Understanding Emotional Management at Work: A Quantitative Review of Emotional Labor Research
    • In: Hartel C. E., Zerbe W. J., Ashkanasy N. M., editors Mahwah, NJ, Mahwah, NJ,: Erlbaum
    • Bono, J. E., and M. A. Vey. 2005. "Toward Understanding Emotional Management at Work: A Quantitative Review of Emotional Labor Research." In Emotions in Organizational Behavior, edited by C. E. Hartel, W. J. Zerbe, and N. M. Ashkanasy, 213-233. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (2005) Emotions in Organizational Behavior , pp. 213-233
    • Bono, J.E.1    Vey, M.A.2
  • 12
    • 77950635455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Transition from Medical Student to Junior Doctor: Today's Experiences of Tomorrow's Doctors
    • Brennan, N., O. Corrigan, J. Allard, J. Archer, R. Barnes, A. Bleakley, T. Collett, and S. R. de Bere. 2010. "The Transition from Medical Student to Junior Doctor: Today's Experiences of Tomorrow's Doctors." Medical Education 44: 449-458. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03604.x.
    • (2010) Medical Education , vol.44 , pp. 449-458
    • Brennan, N.1    Corrigan, O.2    Allard, J.3    Archer, J.4    Barnes, R.5    Bleakley, A.6    Collett, T.7    Bere, S.R.8
  • 13
    • 0013379049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burnout and Depression are Not Identical Twins: Is Decline of Superiority a Distinguishing Feature?
    • Brenninkmeyer, V., N. W. Van Yperen, and B. P. Buunk. 2001. "Burnout and Depression are Not Identical Twins: Is Decline of Superiority a Distinguishing Feature?" Personality and Individual Differences 30: 873-880. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00079-9.
    • (2001) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.30 , pp. 873-880
    • Brenninkmeyer, V.1    Van Yperen, N.W.2    Buunk, B.P.3
  • 14
    • 0036167531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotional Labor and Burnout: Comparing Two Perspectives of 'People Work
    • Brotheridge, C. M., and A. A. Grandey. 2002. "Emotional Labor and Burnout: Comparing Two Perspectives of 'People Work'." Journal of Vocational Behavior 60: 17-39. doi:10.1006/jvbe.2001.1815.
    • (2002) Journal of Vocational Behavior , vol.60 , pp. 17-39
    • Brotheridge, C.M.1    Grandey, A.A.2
  • 16
    • 70449377624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doctors Stress Responses and Poor Communication Performance in Simulated Bad-news Consultations
    • Brown, R., S. Dunn, K. Byrnes, R. Morris, P. Heinrich, and J. Shaw. 2009. "Doctors Stress Responses and Poor Communication Performance in Simulated Bad-news Consultations." Academic Medicine 84: 1595-1602. doi:10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181baf537.
    • (2009) Academic Medicine , vol.84 , pp. 1595-1602
    • Brown, R.1    Dunn, S.2    Byrnes, K.3    Morris, R.4    Heinrich, P.5    Shaw, J.6
  • 18
    • 85026151043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of Persistent Burnout in Internal Medicine Residents: A Prospective Cohort Study
    • Campbell, J., A. V. Prochazka, T. Yamashita, and R. Gopal. 2010. "Predictors of Persistent Burnout in Internal Medicine Residents: A Prospective Cohort Study." Academic Medicine 85: 1630-1634. doi:10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181f0c4e7.
    • (2010) Academic Medicine , vol.85 , pp. 1630-1634
    • Campbell, J.1    Prochazka, A.V.2    Yamashita, T.3    Gopal, R.4
  • 19
    • 0037022834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress in Medical Residency: Status Quo after a Decade of Reform?
    • Collier, V. U., J. D. McCue, A. Markus, and L. Smith. 2002. "Stress in Medical Residency: Status Quo after a Decade of Reform?" Annals of Internal Medicine 136: 384-390. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-136-5-200203050-00011.
    • (2002) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.136 , pp. 384-390
    • Collier, V.U.1    McCue, J.D.2    Markus, A.3    Smith, L.4
  • 20
    • 21344490503 scopus 로고
    • A Review and an Integration of Research on Job Burnout
    • Cordes, C. L., and T. W. Dougherty. 1993. "A Review and an Integration of Research on Job Burnout." Academy of Management Review 18: 621-656. doi:10.2307/258593.
    • (1993) Academy of Management Review , vol.18 , pp. 621-656
    • Cordes, C.L.1    Dougherty, T.W.2
  • 21
    • 79551669493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doctors in Distress
    • Devi, S. 2011. "Doctors in Distress." The Lancet 377: 454-455. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60145-1.
    • (2011) The Lancet , vol.377 , pp. 454-455
    • Devi, S.1
  • 22
    • 0035836003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of Context Effects on Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review
    • Di Blasi, Z. D., E. Harkness, E. Ernst, A. Georgiou, and J. Kleijnen. 2001. "Influence of Context Effects on Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review." The Lancet 357: 757-762. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04169-6.
    • (2001) The Lancet , vol.357 , pp. 757-762
    • Blasi, Z.D.1    Harkness, E.2    Ernst, E.3    Georgiou, A.4    Kleijnen, J.5
  • 23
    • 77956638749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship Between Burnout and Professional Conduct and Attitudes among US Medical Students
    • Dyrbye, L. N., F. S. Massie, A. Eacker, W. Harper, D. Power, S. J. Durning, M. R. Thomas, et al. 2010. "Relationship Between Burnout and Professional Conduct and Attitudes among US Medical Students." JAMA 304: 1173-1180. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1318.
    • (2010) JAMA , vol.304 , pp. 1173-1180
    • Dyrbye, L.N.1    Massie, F.S.2    Eacker, A.3    Harper, W.4    Power, D.5    Durning, S.J.6    Thomas, M.R.7
  • 24
    • 0023227534 scopus 로고
    • Emotional Distress in Junior House Officers
    • Firth-Cozens, J. 1987. "Emotional Distress in Junior House Officers." BMJ 295: 533-536. doi:10.1136/bmj.295.6597.533.
    • (1987) BMJ , vol.295 , pp. 533-536
    • Firth-Cozens, J.1
  • 25
    • 0013405486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Work-family Balance
    • In: J. C. Quick, L. E. Tetrick, editors Washington, DC, Washington, DC,: American Psychological Association
    • Frone, M. R. 2003. "Work-family Balance." In Handbook of Occupational Health Psychology, edited by J. C. Quick and L. E. Tetrick, 143-162. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • (2003) Handbook of Occupational Health Psychology , pp. 143-162
    • Frone, M.R.1
  • 28
    • 0033631637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotional Regulation in the Workplace: A New Way to Conceptualize Emotional Labor
    • Grandey, A. A. 2000. "Emotional Regulation in the Workplace: A New Way to Conceptualize Emotional Labor." Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 5: 95-110. doi:10.1037//1076-8998.5.1.95.
    • (2000) Journal of Occupational Health Psychology , vol.5 , pp. 95-110
    • Grandey, A.A.1
  • 29
    • 0037296863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When 'The Show Must Go On': Surface Acting and Deep Acting as Determinants of Emotional Exhaustion and Peer-rated Service Delivery
    • Grandey, A. A. 2003. "When 'The Show Must Go On': Surface Acting and Deep Acting as Determinants of Emotional Exhaustion and Peer-rated Service Delivery." Academy of Management Journal 46: 86-96. doi:10.2307/30040678.
    • (2003) Academy of Management Journal , vol.46 , pp. 86-96
    • Grandey, A.A.1
  • 31
    • 70249120036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Postal Survey of Doctors' Attitudes to Becoming Mentally Ill
    • Hassan, T. M., S. O. Ahmed, A. C. White, and N. Galbraith. 2009. "A Postal Survey of Doctors' Attitudes to Becoming Mentally Ill." Clinical Medicine 9: 327-332. doi:10.7861/clinmedicine.9-4-327.
    • (2009) Clinical Medicine , vol.9 , pp. 327-332
    • Hassan, T.M.1    Ahmed, S.O.2    White, A.C.3    Galbraith, N.4
  • 33
    • 0030926070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological Distress and Error Making among Junior House Officers
    • Houston, D. M., and S. K. Allt. 1997. "Psychological Distress and Error Making among Junior House Officers." British Journal of Health Psychology 2: 141-151. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8287.1997.tb00530.x.
    • (1997) British Journal of Health Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 141-151
    • Houston, D.M.1    Allt, S.K.2
  • 34
    • 78549233327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotional Labor, Strain, and Performance: Testing Reciprocal Relationships in a Longitudinal Panel Study
    • Hulsheger, U. R., J. W. B. Lang, and G. W. Maier. 2010. "Emotional Labor, Strain, and Performance: Testing Reciprocal Relationships in a Longitudinal Panel Study." Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 15: 505-521. doi:10.1037/a0021003.
    • (2010) Journal of Occupational Health Psychology , vol.15 , pp. 505-521
    • Hulsheger, U.R.1    Lang, J.W.B.2    Maier, G.W.3
  • 35
    • 79960365703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the Costs and Benefits of Emotional Labor: A Meta-analysis of Three Decades of Research
    • Hulsheger, U. R., and A. F. Schewe. 2011. "On the Costs and Benefits of Emotional Labor: A Meta-analysis of Three Decades of Research." Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 16: 361-389. doi:10.1037/a0022876.
    • (2011) Journal of Occupational Health Psychology , vol.16 , pp. 361-389
    • Hulsheger, U.R.1    Schewe, A.F.2
  • 36
    • 59549104088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is Emotional Labor More Difficult for Some than for Others? A Multilevel, Experience-sampling Study
    • Judge, T. A., E. F. Woolf, and C. Hurst. 2009. "Is Emotional Labor More Difficult for Some than for Others? A Multilevel, Experience-sampling Study." Personnel Psychology 62: 57-88. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2008.01129.x.
    • (2009) Personnel Psychology , vol.62 , pp. 57-88
    • Judge, T.A.1    Woolf, E.F.2    Hurst, C.3
  • 37
    • 31944434614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory: A New Tool for the Assessment of Burnout
    • Kristensen, T. S., M. Borritz, E. Villadsen, and K. B. Christensen. 2005. "The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory: A New Tool for the Assessment of Burnout." Work & Stress 19: 192-207. doi:10.1080/02678370500297720.
    • (2005) Work & Stress , vol.19 , pp. 192-207
    • Kristensen, T.S.1    Borritz, M.2    Villadsen, E.3    Christensen, K.B.4
  • 39
    • 0642311548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Patient Health Questionnaire-2: Validity of a Two-Item Depression Screener
    • Kroenke, K., R. L. Spitzer, and J. B. W. Williams. 2003. "The Patient Health Questionnaire-2: Validity of a Two-Item Depression Screener." Medical Care 41: 1284-1292. doi:10.1097/01.MLR.0000093487.78664.3C.
    • (2003) Medical Care , vol.41 , pp. 1284-1292
    • Kroenke, K.1    Spitzer, R.L.2    Williams, J.B.W.3
  • 40
    • 0034056401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Views of Junior Doctors About their Work: Survey of Qualifiers of 1993 and 1996 from United Kingdom Medical Schools
    • Lambert, T. W., M. J. Goldacre, and J. Evans. 2000. "Views of Junior Doctors About their Work: Survey of Qualifiers of 1993 and 1996 from United Kingdom Medical Schools." Medical Education 34: 348-354. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2923.2000.00573.x.
    • (2000) Medical Education , vol.34 , pp. 348-354
    • Lambert, T.W.1    Goldacre, M.J.2    Evans, J.3
  • 41
    • 0001042149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Comparison of Approaches to Forming Composite Measures in Structural Equation Models
    • Landis, R. S., D. J. Beal, and P. E. Tesluk. 2000. "A Comparison of Approaches to Forming Composite Measures in Structural Equation Models." Organizational Research Methods 3: 186-207. doi:10.1177/109442810032003.
    • (2000) Organizational Research Methods , vol.3 , pp. 186-207
    • Landis, R.S.1    Beal, D.J.2    Tesluk, P.E.3
  • 42
    • 14144253559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical Empathy as Emotional Labor in the Patient-Physician Relationship
    • Larson, E. B., and X. Yao. 2005. "Clinical Empathy as Emotional Labor in the Patient-Physician Relationship." JAMA 293: 1100-1106. doi:10.1001/jama.293.9.1100.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.293 , pp. 1100-1106
    • Larson, E.B.1    Yao, X.2
  • 43
    • 84950025550 scopus 로고
    • The Discriminant Validity of Burnout and Depression: A Confirmatory Factor Analytic Study
    • Leiter, M. P., and J. Durup. 1994. "The Discriminant Validity of Burnout and Depression: A Confirmatory Factor Analytic Study." Anxiety, Stress & Coping 7: 357-373. doi:10.1080/10615809408249357.
    • (1994) Anxiety, Stress & Coping , vol.7 , pp. 357-373
    • Leiter, M.P.1    Durup, J.2
  • 44
    • 0035127844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources of Stress for Residents and Recommendations for Programs to Assist Them
    • Levey, R. E. 2001. "Sources of Stress for Residents and Recommendations for Programs to Assist Them." Academic Medicine 76: 142-150. doi:10.1097/00001888-200102000-00010.
    • (2001) Academic Medicine , vol.76 , pp. 142-150
    • Levey, R.E.1
  • 45
    • 33947681322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire 2 (PHQ-2) in Identifying Major Depression in Older People
    • Li, C., B. Friedman, Y. Conwell, and K. Fiscella. 2007. "Validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire 2 (PHQ-2) in Identifying Major Depression in Older People." Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 55: 595-602. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01103.x.
    • (2007) Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , vol.55 , pp. 595-602
    • Li, C.1    Friedman, B.2    Conwell, Y.3    Fiscella, K.4
  • 46
    • 17044369113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting and Monitoring Depression with a Two-item Questionnaire (PHQ-2)
    • Lowe, B., K. Kroenke, and K. Grafe. 2005. "Detecting and Monitoring Depression with a Two-item Questionnaire (PHQ-2)." Journal of Psychosomatic Research 58: 163-171. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2004.09.006.
    • (2005) Journal of Psychosomatic Research , vol.58 , pp. 163-171
    • Lowe, B.1    Kroenke, K.2    Grafe, K.3
  • 47
    • 77649190622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 4-item Measure of Depression and Anxiety: Validation and Standardization of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) in the General Population
    • Lowe, B., I. Wahl, M. Rose, C. Spitzer, H. Glaesmer, K. Wingenfeld, A. Schneider, and E. Brahler. 2010. "A 4-item Measure of Depression and Anxiety: Validation and Standardization of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) in the General Population." Journal of Affective Disorders 122: 86-95. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2009.06.019.
    • (2010) Journal of Affective Disorders , vol.122 , pp. 86-95
    • Lowe, B.1    Wahl, I.2    Rose, M.3    Spitzer, C.4    Glaesmer, H.5    Wingenfeld, K.6    Schneider, A.7    Brahler, E.8
  • 48
    • 73349101535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Health and Wellbeing of Junior Doctors: Insights from a National Survey
    • Markwell, A. L., and Z. Wainer. 2009. "The Health and Wellbeing of Junior Doctors: Insights from a National Survey." Medical Journal Australia 191: 441-444.
    • (2009) Medical Journal Australia , vol.191 , pp. 441-444
    • Markwell, A.L.1    Wainer, Z.2
  • 49
    • 84993915130 scopus 로고
    • The Client Role in Staff Burn-out
    • Maslach, C. 1978. "The Client Role in Staff Burn-out." Journal of Social Issues 34: 111-124.
    • (1978) Journal of Social Issues , vol.34 , pp. 111-124
    • Maslach, C.1
  • 52
    • 0003213463 scopus 로고
    • Historical and Conceptual Development of Burnout
    • In: Schaufeli W. B., Maslach C., Marek T., editors London, London,: Taylor and Francis
    • Maslach, C., and W. B. Schaufeli. 1993. "Historical and Conceptual Development of Burnout." In Professional Burnout: Recent Developments in Theory and Research, edited by W. B. Schaufeli, C. Maslach, and T. Marek, 1-16. London: Taylor and Francis.
    • (1993) Professional Burnout: Recent Developments in Theory and Research , pp. 1-16
    • Maslach, C.1    Schaufeli, W.B.2
  • 54
    • 58149396160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doctors, Their Mental Health and Capacity for Work
    • Miller, L. 2009. "Doctors, Their Mental Health and Capacity for Work." Occupational Medicine 59: 53-55. doi:10.1093/occmed/kqn111.
    • (2009) Occupational Medicine , vol.59 , pp. 53-55
    • Miller, L.1
  • 56
    • 23944452609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotional Labour at Work and at Home among Greek Health-care Professionals
    • Montgomery, A. J. 2005. "Emotional Labour at Work and at Home among Greek Health-care Professionals." Journal of Health Organisation and Management 19: 395-408. doi:10.1108/14777260510615413.
    • (2005) Journal of Health Organisation and Management , vol.19 , pp. 395-408
    • Montgomery, A.J.1
  • 57
    • 0035143224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Job Satisfaction, and Personality Characteristics in Preregistration House Officers
    • Newbury-Birch, D., and F. Kamali. 2001. "Psychological Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Job Satisfaction, and Personality Characteristics in Preregistration House Officers." Postgraduate Medical Journal 77: 109-111. doi:10.1136/pmj.77.904.109.
    • (2001) Postgraduate Medical Journal , vol.77 , pp. 109-111
    • Newbury-Birch, D.1    Kamali, F.2
  • 58
    • 18844405974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Drama of Being a Doctor
    • Persaud, R. 2005. "The Drama of Being a Doctor." Postgraduate Medical Journal 81: 276-277. doi:10.1136/pgmj.2004.023796.
    • (2005) Postgraduate Medical Journal , vol.81 , pp. 276-277
    • Persaud, R.1
  • 61
    • 84856216172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Person and Environmental Factors Associated with Well-being in Medical Students
    • Rogers, M. E., P. A. Creed, and J. Searle. 2012. "Person and Environmental Factors Associated with Well-being in Medical Students." Personality and Individual Differences 52: 472-477. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.11.006.
    • (2012) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.52 , pp. 472-477
    • Rogers, M.E.1    Creed, P.A.2    Searle, J.3
  • 62
    • 33644875801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of Sleep Quantity, Sleep Deprivation, Mood Disturbances, Empathy, and Burnout among Interns
    • Rosen, I. M., P. A. Gimotty, J. A. Shea, and L. M. Bellini. 2006. "Evolution of Sleep Quantity, Sleep Deprivation, Mood Disturbances, Empathy, and Burnout among Interns." Academic Medicine 81: 82-85. doi:10.1097/00001888-200601000-00020.
    • (2006) Academic Medicine , vol.81 , pp. 82-85
    • Rosen, I.M.1    Gimotty, P.A.2    Shea, J.A.3    Bellini, L.M.4
  • 63
    • 23044534973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction to Special Issue on Burnout and Health
    • Schaufeli, W. B., and E. R. Greenglass. 2001. "Introduction to Special Issue on Burnout and Health." Psychology & Health 16: 501-510. doi:10.1080/08870440108405523.
    • (2001) Psychology & Health , vol.16 , pp. 501-510
    • Schaufeli, W.B.1    Greenglass, E.R.2
  • 64
    • 79952611970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Multilevel Field Investigation of Emotional Labor, Affect, Work Withdrawal, and Gender
    • Scott, B. A., and C. M. Barnes. 2011. "A Multilevel Field Investigation of Emotional Labor, Affect, Work Withdrawal, and Gender." Academy of Management Journal 54: 116-136. doi:10.5465/AMJ.2011.59215086.
    • (2011) Academy of Management Journal , vol.54 , pp. 116-136
    • Scott, B.A.1    Barnes, C.M.2
  • 65
    • 77953309715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Prospective Cohort Study Investigating Factors Associated with Depression During Medical Internship
    • Sen, S., H. R. Kranzler, J. H. Krystal, H. Speller, G. Chan, J. Gelernter, and C. Guille. 2010. "A Prospective Cohort Study Investigating Factors Associated with Depression During Medical Internship." Archives of General Psychiatry 67: 557-565. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.41.
    • (2010) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.67 , pp. 557-565
    • Sen, S.1    Kranzler, H.R.2    Krystal, J.H.3    Speller, H.4    Chan, G.5    Gelernter, J.6    Guille, C.7
  • 66
    • 0037022832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burnout and Self-reported Patient Care in an Internal Medicine Residency Program
    • Shanafelt, T. D., K. A. Bradley, J. E. Wipf, and A. L. Back. 2002. "Burnout and Self-reported Patient Care in an Internal Medicine Residency Program." Annals of Internal Medicine 136 (5): 358-367. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-136-5-200203050-00008.
    • (2002) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.136 , Issue.5 , pp. 358-367
    • Shanafelt, T.D.1    Bradley, K.A.2    Wipf, J.E.3    Back, A.L.4
  • 67
    • 22644447931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between Increased Personal Well-being and Enhanced Empathy among Internal Medicine Residents
    • Shanafelt, T. D., C. West, X. Zhao, P. Novotny, J. Kolars, T. Habermann, and J. Sloan. 2005. "Relationship between Increased Personal Well-being and Enhanced Empathy among Internal Medicine Residents." Journal of General Internal Medicine 20: 559-564. doi:10.1111/j.1525-1497.2005.0108.x.
    • (2005) Journal of General Internal Medicine , vol.20 , pp. 559-564
    • Shanafelt, T.D.1    West, C.2    Zhao, X.3    Novotny, P.4    Kolars, J.5    Habermann, T.6    Sloan, J.7
  • 68
    • 84875514169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mediation in Experimental and Nonexperimental Studies: New Procedures and Recommendations
    • Shrout, P. E., and N. Bolger. 2002. "Mediation in Experimental and Nonexperimental Studies: New Procedures and Recommendations." Psychological Methods 7: 422-445. doi:10.1037//1082-989X.7.4.422.
    • (2002) Psychological Methods , vol.7 , pp. 422-445
    • Shrout, P.E.1    Bolger, N.2
  • 69
    • 68849108622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teaching Clinical Communication: A Mainstream Activity or Just a Minority Sport?
    • Silverman, J. 2009. "Teaching Clinical Communication: A Mainstream Activity or Just a Minority Sport?" Patient Education & Counseling 76: 361-367. doi:10.1016/j.pec.2009.06.011.
    • (2009) Patient Education & Counseling , vol.76 , pp. 361-367
    • Silverman, J.1
  • 70
    • 84936823563 scopus 로고
    • Managing Emotions in Medical School: Students' Contacts with the Living and the Dead
    • Smith, A. C., and S. Kleinman. 1989. "Managing Emotions in Medical School: Students' Contacts with the Living and the Dead." Social Psychology Quarterly 52: 56-69. doi:10.2307/2786904.
    • (1989) Social Psychology Quarterly , vol.52 , pp. 56-69
    • Smith, A.C.1    Kleinman, S.2
  • 71
    • 10344237017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resident Burnout
    • Thomas, N. K. 2004. "Resident Burnout." JAMA 292: 2880-2889. doi:10.1001/jama.292.23.2880.
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.292 , pp. 2880-2889
    • Thomas, N.K.1
  • 73
    • 84867071742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Job Burnout and Depression: Unraveling Their Temporal Relationship and Considering the Role of Physical Activity
    • Toker, S., and M. Biron. 2012. "Job Burnout and Depression: Unraveling Their Temporal Relationship and Considering the Role of Physical Activity." Journal of Applied Psychology 97: 699-710. doi:10.1037/a0026914.
    • (2012) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.97 , pp. 699-710
    • Toker, S.1    Biron, M.2
  • 74
    • 0036105393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mental Health Problems among Young Doctors: An Updated Review of Prospective Studies
    • Tyssen, R., and P. Vaglum. 2002. "Mental Health Problems among Young Doctors: An Updated Review of Prospective Studies." Harvard Review of Psychiatry 10: 154-165. doi:10.1080/10673220216218.
    • (2002) Harvard Review of Psychiatry , vol.10 , pp. 154-165
    • Tyssen, R.1    Vaglum, P.2
  • 75
    • 70349308646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of Resident Fatigue and Distress with Perceived Medical Errors
    • West, C. P., A. D. Tan, T. M. Habermann, J. A. Sloan, and T. D. Shanafelt. 2009. "Association of Resident Fatigue and Distress with Perceived Medical Errors." JAMA 302: 1294-1300. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1389.
    • (2009) JAMA , vol.302 , pp. 1294-1300
    • West, C.P.1    Tan, A.D.2    Habermann, T.M.3    Sloan, J.A.4    Shanafelt, T.D.5
  • 77
    • 0029064530 scopus 로고
    • Reliability and Clinical Validity of UM-CIDI DSM-III-R Generalized Anxiety Disorder
    • Wittchen, H.-U., R. C. Kessler, S. Zhao, and J. Abelson. 1995. "Reliability and Clinical Validity of UM-CIDI DSM-III-R Generalized Anxiety Disorder." Journal of Psychiatric Research 29: 95-110. doi:10.1016/0022-3956(94)00044-R.
    • (1995) Journal of Psychiatric Research , vol.29 , pp. 95-110
    • Wittchen, H.-U.1    Kessler, R.C.2    Zhao, S.3    Abelson, J.4
  • 78
    • 51649092701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical Student Attitudes toward Communication Skills Training and Knowledge of Appropriate Provider - Patient Communication Skills: A Comparison of First-year and Fourth-year Medical Students
    • Wright, K. B., C. Bylumd, J. Ware, P. Parker, J. L. Query, and W. Baile. 2006. "Medical Student Attitudes toward Communication Skills Training and Knowledge of Appropriate Provider - Patient Communication Skills: A Comparison of First-year and Fourth-year Medical Students." Medical Education Online 11. http://www.med-ed-online.org.
    • (2006) Medical Education Online , vol.11
    • Wright, K.B.1    Bylumd, C.2    Ware, J.3    Parker, P.4    Query, J.L.5    Baile, W.6
  • 79
    • 84857332187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Mediating Role of Engagement and Burnout in the Relationship between Employees' Emotion Regulation Strategies and Customer Outcomes
    • Yagil, D. 2012. "The Mediating Role of Engagement and Burnout in the Relationship between Employees' Emotion Regulation Strategies and Customer Outcomes." European Journal of Work & Organizational Psychology 21: 150-168. doi:10.1080/1359432X.2011.557549.
    • (2012) European Journal of Work & Organizational Psychology , vol.21 , pp. 150-168
    • Yagil, D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.