Catching leaders’ mood: Contagion effects in teams

Administrative Sciences

Volumn 2, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 203-220

  Volmer, Judith ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ERLANGEN NUREMBERG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Actual team performance; Auditory mood induction; Goal commitment; Group affective tone; Leadership; Mood contagion; Potency

Indexed keywords

EID: 84897112953     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20763387     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/admsci2030203     Document Type: Article

References (88)

1. George, J.M. Emotions and leadership: The role of emotional intelligence. Hum. Rel. 2000, 53, 1027–1055.
2. McColl-Kennedy, J.R.; Anderson, R.D. Impact of leadership style and emotions on subordinate performance. Leadersh. Q. 2002, 13, 545–559.
3. Barsade, S.G. The ripple effect: Emotional contagion and its influence on group behaviour. Adm. Sci. Q. 2002, 47, 644–675.
4. Johnson, S.K. Do you feel what I feel? Mood contagion and leadership outcomes. Leadersh. Q. 2009, 20, 814–827.
5. Totterdell, P. Catching moods and hitting runs: Mood linkage and subjective performance in professional sport teams. J. Appl. Psychol. 2000, 85, 848–859.
6. Sy, T.; Côtè, S.; Saavedra, R. The contagious leader: Impact of the leader’s mood on the mood of group members, group affective tone, and group processes. J. Appl. Psychol. 2005, 90, 295–305.
7. Chi, N.-W.; Chung, Y.Y.; Tsai, W.C. How do happy leaders enhance team success? The mediating roles of transformational leadership, group affective tone, and team processes. J. Appl. Soc. Psychol., 2011, 41, 1421–1545.
8. Van Kleef, G.A.; Homan, A.C.; Beersma, B.; van Knippenberg, D.; van Knippenberg, B.; Damen, F. Searing sentiment or cold calculation? The effects of leader emotional displays on team performance depend on follower epistemic motivation. Acad. Manag. J. 2009, 52, 562–580.
9. George, J.M. Personality, affect, and behaviour in groups. J. Appl. Psychol. 1990, 75, 107–116.
10. Johnson, S.K. I second that emotion: Effects of emotional contagion and affect on leader and follower outcomes. Leadersh. Q. 2008, 19, 1–19.
11. Anderson, C.; Keltner, D.; John, O.P. Emotional convergence between people over time. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 2003, 84, 1054–1068.
12. Connelly, S.; Gaddis, B.; Helton-Fauth, W. A Closer Look at the Role of Emotions in Charismatic and Transformational Leadership. In Transformational and Charismatic Leadership, 2: The Road Ahead; Yammarino, F., Avolio, B.J., Eds.; Elsevier: St. Louis, MO, USA, 2002.
13. Bono, J.E.; Ilies, R. Charisma, positive emotions and mood contagion. Leadersh. Q. 2006, 17, 317–334.
14. Weiss, H.M.; Cropanzano, R. Affective events theory: A theoretical discussion of the structure, causes and consequences of affective experiences at work. Res Organ. Behav. 1996, 18, 1–74.
15. Fredrickson, B.L. What good are positive emotions? Rev. Gen. Psychol. 1998, 2, 300–319.
16. Fredrickson, B.L. The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. Am. Psychol. 2001, 56, 218–226.
17. Abele, A.E.; Petzold, P. How does mood operate in an impression formation task? An information integration approach. Eur. J. Soc. Psychol. 1994, 24, 173–188.
18. Clark, M.S.; Isen, A.M. Toward Understanding the Relationship between Feeling States and Social Behavior. In Cognitive Social Psychology; Hastorf, A., Isen, A.M., Eds.; Elsevier: New York, NY, USA, 1982; pp. 73–108.
19. Clore, G.L.; Schwarz, N.; Conway, M. Affective Causes and Consequences of Social Information Processing. In Handbook of Social Cognition; Wyer, R.S., Srull, T.K., Eds.; Erlbaum: Hillsdale, NJ, USA, 1994; pp. 323–417.
20. Kelly, J.R.; Barsade, S.G. Moods and emotions in small groups and work teams. Org. Beh. Hum. Dec. Proc. 2001, 86, 99–130.
21. Hatfield, E.; Cacioppo, J.T.; Rapson, R.L.; Clark, M.S. Primitive Emotional Contagion; Sage Publications: Thousand Oaks, CA, USA, 1992.
22. Neumann, R.; Strack, F. “Mood contagion”: The automatic transfer of mood between persons. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 2000, 79, 211–223.
23. Chartrand, T.L.; Bargh, J.A. The chameleon effect: The perception-behavior link and social interaction. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 1999, 76, 893–910.
24. Lakin, J.L.; Jefferis, V.E.; Cheng, C.M.; Chartrand, T.L. The chameleon effect as social glue: Evidence for the evolutionary significance of nonconscious mimicry. J. Nonverbal Behav. 2003, 27, 145–162.
25. Parkinson, B.; Simons, G. Affecting others: Social appraisal and emotion contagion in everyday decision making. Personal. Soc. Psychol. B 2009, 35, 1071–1084.
26. Brodbeck, F.C.; Chhokar, J.S.; House, R.J. Culture and Leadership in 25 Societies: Integration, Conclusions, and Future Directions; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: Mahwah, NJ, USA, 2008.
27. Hofstede, G. Culture’s Consequences: International Differences in Work Related Values; Sage: Beverly Hills, CA, USA, 1980.
28. Hofstede, G. Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations across Nations; Sage: Newbury Park, CA, USA, 2001.
29. Szabo, E.; Brodbeck, F.C.; Den Hartog, D.N.; Reber, G.; Weibler, J.; Wunderer, R. The Germanic Europe cluster: Where employees have a voice. J. World Bus. 2002, 37, 55–68.
30. Hoppe, M.H.; Bhagat, R.S. Leadership in the United States of America: The Leader as Cultural Hero. In Culture and Leadership in 25 Societies: Integration, Conclusions, and Future Directions; Brodbeck, F.C., Chhokar, J.S., House, R.J., Eds.; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: Mahwah, NJ, USA, 2008; pp. 475–543.
31. Dickson, M.W.; Den Hartog, D.N.; Mitchelson, J.K. Research on leadership in a cross-cultural context: Making progress, and raising new questions. Leadersh. Quart. 2003, 14, 729–768.
32. Locke, E.A.; Latham, G.P. A Theory of Goal Setting and Task Performance; Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, NJ, USA, 1990.
33. Bandura, A. Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. Am. Psychol. 1982, 37, 122–147.
34. Shea, G.P.; Guzzo, R.A. Groups as human resources. Res. Personal. Hum. Res. Manag. 1987, 5, 323–356.
35. Stajkovic, A.D.; Lee, D.; Nyberg, A.J. Collective efficacy, group potency, and group performance: Meta-analyses of their relationships, and test of a mediation model. J. Appl. Psychol. 2009, 94, 814–828.
36. Hollenbeck, J.R.; Klein, H.J.; O’Leary, A.M. Investigation of the construct validity of a self-report measure of goal commitment. J. Appl. Psychol. 1989, 74, 951–956.
37. Locke, E.A.; Shaw, K.N.; Saari, L.M.; Latham, G.P. Goal setting and task performance: 1969–1980. Psychol. Bull. 1981, 90, 125–152.
38. Latham, G.P. Goal setting: A five-step approach to behaviour change. Organ Dyn. 2003, 32, 309–318.
39. Hu, J.; Liden, R.C. Antecedents of team potency and team effectiveness: An examination of gaol and process clarity and servant leadership. J. Appl. Psychol. 2011, 96, 851–862.
40. Barsade, S.G.; Brief, A.P.; Spataro, S.E. The Affective Revolution in Organizational Behavior: The Emergence of A Paradigm. In Organizational Behavior the State of the Science; Greenberg, J., Ed.; Lawrence Erlbaum: Hillsdale, NJ, USA, 2003; Volume 2, pp. 3–52.
41. Lewis, K.M. When leaders display emotion: How followers respond to negative emotional expression of male and female leaders. J. Organ Behav. 2000, 21, 221–234.
42. George, J.M. Group Affective Tone. In Handbook of Work Group Psychology; West, M., Ed.; Wiley: New York, NY, USA, 1996; pp. 77–93.
43. Abele, A.E. Positive versus negative mood influences on problem solving. A review. Pol. Psychol. Bull. 1992, 23, 187–202.
44. Amabile, T.M.; Barsade, S.G.; Mueller, J.S. Affect and creativity at work. Adm. Sci. Q. 2005, 50, 367–403.
45. Baas, M.; DeDreu, C.K.W.; Nijstad, B.A. A meta-analysis of 25 years of mood—Creativity research: Hedonic tone, activation, or regulatory focus? Psychol. Bull. 2008, 134, 779–806.
46. Baron, R.A. Environmentally induced positive affect: Its impact on self-efficacy, task performance, negotiation, and conflict. J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. 1990, 20, 368–384.
47. Carnevale, P.J.; Isen, A.M. The influence of positive affect and visual access on the discovery of integrative solutions in bilateral negotiation. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. 1986, 37, 1–13.
48. Forgas, J.P. On feeling good and getting your way: Mood effects on negotiator cognition and bargaining strategies. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 1986, 74, 565–577.
49. Brief, A.P.; Motowidlo, S.J. Prosocial organizational behaviors. Acad. Manag. Rev. 1986, 11, 710–725.
50. Elfenbein, H.A. Emotions in organizations: A review and theoretical integration. Acad. Manag. Ann. 2007, 1, 371–457.
51. Schwarz, N.; Clore, G.L. Mood, misattribution and judgments of well-being: Informative and directive functions of affective states. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 1983, 45, 513–523.
52. Thelwell, R.C.; Lane, A.M.; Weston, N.J.V. Mood states, self-set goals, self-efficacy and performance in academic examinations. Personal. Individ. Differ. 2007, 42, 573–583.
53. Cialdini, R.B. Influence; William Morrow and Company: New York, NY, USA, 1984.
54. George, J.M.; Brief, A.P. Motivational Agendas in the Workplace: The Effects of Feelings on Focus of Attention and Work Motivation. In Research in Organizational Behavior: An Annual Series of Analytical Essays and Critical Reviews; Staw, B.M., Cummings, L.L., Eds.; JAI Press, Inc.: Greenwich, CT, USA, 1996, pp. 75–109.
55. George, J.M.; Bettenhausen, K. Understanding prosocial behavior, sales performance, and turnover: A group level analysis in a service context. J. Appl. Psychol. 1990, 75, 698–709.
56. Klep, A.; Wisse, B.; van der Flier, H. Interactive affective sharing versus non-interactive sharing in work groups: Comparative effects of group affect on work group performance and dynamics. Eur. J. Soc. Psychol. 2011, 41, 312–323.
57. Guzzo, R.A.; Yost, P.R.; Campbell, R.J.; Shea, G.P. Potency in groups: Articulating a construct. Br. J. Soc. Psychol. 1993, 32, 87–106.
58. Keltner, D.; Haidt, J. Social functions of emotions at four levels of analysis. Cogn. Emot. 1999, 13, 505–521.
59. Van Kleef, G.A. How emotions regulate social life: The emotions as social information (EASI) model. Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci. 2009, 18, 184–188.
60. Côté, S.; Hideg, I. The ability to influence others via emotion displays: A novel dimension of emotional intelligence. Organ. Psychol. Rev. 2001, 1, 53–71.
61. Bandura, A. Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control; Freeman: New York, NY, USA, 1997.
62. Gully, S.M.; Incalcaterra, K.A.; Joshi, A.; Beaubien, J.M. A meta-analysis of team-efficacy, potency, and performance: Interdependence and level of analysis as moderators of observed relationships. J. Appl. Psychol. 2002, 87, 819–832.
63. Kanfer, R.; Ackerman, P.L.; Elliot, A.J.; Dweck, C.S. Work Competence: A Person-Oriented Perspective. In Handbook of Competence and Motivation; Elliot, A.J., Dweck, C.S., Eds.; Guilford Publications: New York, NY, USA, 2005; pp. 336–353.
64. Klein, H.J.; Kim, J.S. A field study of the influence of situational constraints, leader member exchange, and goal commitment on performance. Acad. Manag. J. 1998, 41, 88–95.
65. George, J.M. Leader positive mood and group performance: The case of customer service. J. Appl. Psychol. 1995, 25, 778–794.
66. Brown, J.D.; Mankowski, T.A. Self-esteem, mood, and self-evaluation: Changes in mood and the way you see you. J. Persanal. Soc. Psychol. 1993, 64, 421–430.
67. Forgas, J.P. On being happy and mistaken: Mood effects on the fundamental attribution error. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 1998, 75, 318–331.
68. Schwarz, N. Feelings as Information: Informational and Motivational Functions of Affective States. In Handbook of motivation and cognition; Sorrento, R.M.; Higgins, E.T. Eds.; Guilford Press: New York, NY, USA, 1990; Volume 2, pp. 521–561.
69. Custers, R.; Aarts, H. Positive affect as implicit motivator: On the nonconscious operation of behavioral goals. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 2005, 89, 129–142.
70. Orehek, E.; Bessarabova, E.; Chen, X.; Kruglanski, A.W. Positive affect as informational feedback in goal pursuit. Motiv. Emot. 2011, 35, 44–51.
71. Beethoven, L.V. Ode an die Freude [Recorded by Choir, W.; Orchestra, P.; Muti, R.]. In Ode An Die Freude/Ode to Joy—Best of Beethoven [MP3]; EMI Classics: Paris, France, 2009.
72. Prokofiev, A.N. The Field of Death [Recorded by Stokowski, L.]. In On Prokofiev’s Classics [CD]; Future Noise Music Ltd.: London, UK. 2008.
73. Etzel, J.; Johnsen, E.L.; Dickerson, J.; Tranel, D.; Adolphs, R. Cardiovascular and respiratory responses during musical mood induction. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 2006, 61, 57–69.
74. Gendolla, G.H.E.; Krüsken, J. The impact of mood state on cardiovascular response in active coping with an affect-regulative challenge. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 2001, 41, 169–180.
75. Watson, D.; Clark, L.A.; Tellegen, A. Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 1988, 54, 1063–1070.
76. Matthews, G.; Jones, D.M.; Chamberlain, A.G. Refining the measurement of mood: The UWIST mood adjective checklist. Br. J. Psychol. 1990, 81, 17–42.
77. James, L.R.; Demaree, R.G.; Wolf, G. Estimating within-group interrater reliability with and without response bias. J. Appl. Psychol. 1989, 69, 85–98.
78. Bortz, J.; Schuster, C. Statistik für Human-und Sozialwissenschaftler, 7th ed.; Springer: Heidelberg, Germany, 2010.
79. Raudenbush, S.W.; Bryk, A.; Cheong, Y.F.; Congdon, R. HLM 6: Hierarchical Linear and Nonlinear Modeling; Scientific Software International: Chicago, IL, USA, 2004.
80. Baron, R.M.; Kenny, D.A. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research. Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 1986, 51, 1173–1182.
81. Sobel, M.E. Asymptotic Intervals for Indirect Effects in Structural Equations Models. In Sociological Methodology; Leinhart, S. Ed.; Jossey-Bass: San Francisco, CA, USA, 1982; pp. 290–312.
82. Gully, S.M.; Incalcaterra, K.A.; Joshi, A.; Beaubien, J.M. A meta-analysis of team-efficacy, potency, and performance: Interdependence and level of analysis as moderators of observed relationships. J. Appl. Psychol. 2002, 87, 819–832.
83. Saavedra, R. Kindling Fires and Extinguishing Candles: The Wind of Mood Contagion in Work Groups. In Research Companion to Emotion in Organizations; Ashkanasy, N.M., Cooper, C.L., Eds.; Edward Elgar Publishing: Cheltenham, UK, 2008; pp. 423–440.
84. George, J.M.; Zhou, J. Understanding when bad moods foster creativity and good ones don’t: The role of context and clarity of feelings. J. Appl. Psychol. 2002, 87, 687–697.
85. Kooij-de Bode, H.J.M.; van Knippenberg, D.; van Ginkel, W.P. Good effects of bad feelings: Negative affectivity and group decision making. Br. J. Manag. 2010, 21, 375–392.
86. Storbeck, J.; Clore, G.L. Affect influences false memories at encoding: Evidence from recognition data. Emotion 2011, 11, 981–989.
87. Sonnentag, S.; Volmer, J. Individual-level predictors of task-related teamwork processes: The role of expertise and self-efficacy in team meetings. Group Organ. Manag. 2009, 34, 37–66.
88. Volmer, J.; Spurk, D.; Niessen, C. Leader-member exchange (LMX), job autonomy, and creative work involvement. Leadersh. Q. 2012, 23, 456–465.