Immunoglobulin G in IgE-mediated allergy and allergen-specific immunotherapy

European Annals of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Volumn 46, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 6-11

  Hofmaier, Stephanie ^a   Comberiati, P ^b   Matricardi, P M ^a  

^a CHARITÉ UNIVERSITÄTSMEDIZIN BERLIN   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF VERONA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Allergy; Diagnosis; Immunoglobulin G; Specific immunotherapy; Tolerance

Indexed keywords

ALLERGEN; EPITOPE; FOOD ALLERGEN; HOUSE DUST ALLERGEN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN A ANTIBODY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN E ANTIBODY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G ANTIBODY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G4;

ALLERGIC ASTHMA; ALLERGIC RHINITIS; ANTIGEN BINDING; ANTIGEN SPECIFICITY; BINDING AFFINITY; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; EGG ALLERGY; FOOD ALLERGY; HUMAN; IMMEDIATE TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; MILK ALLERGY; NONHUMAN; RESPIRATORY TRACT ALLERGY; REVIEW; RHINOCONJUNCTIVITIS; WHEEZING;

ALLERGY; DIAGNOSIS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; SPECIFIC IMMUNOTHERAPY; TOLERANCE;

ALLERGENS; ASTHMA; DESENSITIZATION, IMMUNOLOGIC; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; FOOD HYPERSENSITIVITY; HUMANS; HYPERSENSITIVITY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN E; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G;

EID: 84896918419     PISSN: 17641489     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (96)

1. Jönsson F, Daëron M. Mast cells and company. Front Immunol. 2012;3:16.
2. Wachholz PA, Durham SR. Mechanisms of immunotherapy: IgG revisited. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004;4:313-8.
3. Aalberse R. The role of IgG antibodies in allergy and immunotherapy. Allergy. 2011;66Suppl 95:28-30.
4. Savilahti EM, Viljanen M, Kuitunen M, Savilahti E. Cow's milk and ovalbumin-specific IgG and IgA in children with eczema: low β-lactoglobulin-specific IgG4 levels are associated with cow's milk allergy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2012;23:590-6.
5. Lúdvíksson BR, Arason GJ, Thorarensen O, Ardal B, Valdimarsson H. Allergic diseases and asthma in relation to serum immunoglobulins and salivary immunoglobulin A in pre-school children: a follow- up community-based study. Clin Exp Allergy. 2005;35:64-9.
6. Shamji MH, Durham SR. Mechanisms of immunotherapy to aeroallergens. Clin Exp Allergy 2011;41:1235-46.
7. Wachholz PA, Soni NK, Till SJ, Durham SR. Inhibition of allergen- IgE binding to B cells by IgG antibodies after grass pollen immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003;112:915-22.
8. Van Neerven RJ, Wikborg T, Lund G et al. Blocking antibodies induced by specific allergy vaccination prevent the activation of CD4+ T cells by inhibiting serum-IgE-facilitated allergen presentation. J Immunol. 1999;163:2944-52.
9. Nouri-Aria KT, Wachholz PA, Francis JN et al. Grass pollen immunotherapy induces mucosal and peripheral IL-10 responses and blocking IgG activity. J Immunol. 2004;172:3252-9.
10. Jönsson F, Mancardi DA, Zhao W et al. Human FcγRIIA induces anaphylactic and allergic reactions. Blood. 2012;119:2533-44.
11. Oettgen HC, Martin TR, Wynshaw-Boris A, Deng C, Drazen JM, and Leder P. Active anaphylaxis in IgE-deficient mice. Nature. 1994;370:367-370.
12. Mehlhop PD, Van De Rijn M, Goldberg AB et al. Allergen-induced bronchial hyperreactivity and eosinophilic inflammation occur in the absence of IgE in a mouse model of asthma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997;94:1344-1349.
13. Mancardi DA, Albanesi M, Jönsson F et al. The high-affinity human IgG receptor FcγRI (CD64) promotes IgG-mediated inflammation, anaphylaxis, and antitumor immunotherapy. Blood. 2013;121:1563-73.
14. Hantusch B, Schöll I, Harwanegg C et al. Affinity determinations of purified IgE and IgG antibodies against the major pollen allergens Phl p 5a and Bet v 1a: discrepancy between IgE and IgG binding strength. Immunol Lett. 2005;15;97:81-9.
15. Tam SH, McCarthy SG, Brosnan K, Goldberg KM, Scallon BJ. Correlations between pharmacokinetics of IgG antibodies in primates vs. FcRn-transgenic mice reveal a rodent model with predictive capabilities. MAbs. 2013;2;5 (e-Pub ahead of print).
16. R.C. Aalberse. Specific IgE and IgG responses in atopic versus nonatopic subjects. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;162:124-S127.
17. Aydogan M, Mete N, Yazi D et al. Comparison of Der p1-specific antibody levels in children with allergic airway disease and healthy controls. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2007;18:320-5.
18. Kemeny DM, Urbanek R, Ewan P et al. The subclass of IgG antibody in allergic disease: II. The IgG subclass of antibodies produced following natural exposure to dust mite and grass pollen in atopic and non-atopic individuals. Clin Exp Allergy. 1989;19:545-9.
19. Richard C, Peres G, Guillaume G et al. Specific IgG levels to wheat in wheat tolerant professional cyclists may depend on a homeostatic immune response to a high consumption of wheat. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;44(6):243-50.
20. Platts-Mills TA, Vaughan JW, Blumenthal K, Pollart Squillace S, Sporik RB. Serum IgG and IgG4 antibodies to Fel d 1 among children exposed to 20 microg Fel d 1 at home: relevance of a nonallergic modified Th2 response. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2001;124:126-9.
21. Hesselmar B, Aberg B, Eriksson B, Björkstén B, Aberg N. Highdose exposure to cat is associated with clinical tolerance-a modified Th2 immune response? Clin Exp Allergy. 2003;33:1681-5.
22. Platts-Mills T, Vaughan J, Squillace S, Woodfolk J, Sporik R. Sensitisation, asthma, and a modified Th2 response in children exposed to cat allergen: a population-based cross-sectional study. Lancet. 2001;357:752-6.
23. Kihlström A, Hedlin G, Pershagen G, Troye-Blomberg M, Härfast B, Lilja G. Immunoglobulin G4-antibodies to rBet v 1 and risk of sensitization and atopic disease in the child. Clin Exp Allergy. 2005;35:1542-9.
24. Custovic A, Soderstrom L, Ahlstedt S, Sly PD, Simpson A, Holt PG. Allergen-specific IgG antibody levels modify the relationship between allergen-specific IgE and wheezing in childhood. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127:1480-5.
25. Lau S, Illi S, Platts-Mills TA et al. Longitudinal study on the relationship between cat allergen and endotoxin exposure, sensitization, cat-specific IgG and development of asthma in childhood-report of the German Multicentre Allergy Study (MAS 90). Allergy. 2005;60:766-73.
26. Matsui EC, Diette GB, Krop EJ et al. Mouse allergen-specific immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin G4 and allergic symptoms in immunoglobulin E-sensitized laboratory animal workers. Clin Exp Allergy. 2005;35:1347-53.
27. Krop EJ, Doekes G, Heederik DJ, Aalberse RC, van der Zee JS. IgG4 antibodies against rodents in laboratory animal workers do not protect against allergic sensitization. Allergy. 2011;66:517-22.
28. Böttcher MF, Jenmalm MC, Björkstén B. Immune responses to birch in young children during their first 7 years of life. Clin Exp Allergy. 2002;32:1690-8.
29. Miranda DO, Silva DA, Fernandes JF et al. Serum and salivary IgE, IgA, and IgG4 antibodies to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and its major allergens, Der p1 and Der p2, in allergic and nonallergic children. Clin Dev Immunol. 2011;2011:302739 (e-Pub).
30. Johansson C, Tengvall Linder M, Aalberse RC, Scheynius A. Elevated levels of IgG and IgG4 to Malassezia allergens in atopic eczema patients with IgE reactivity to Malassezia. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2004;135:93-100.
31. Vailes LD, Perzanowski MS, Wheatley LM, Platts-Mills TA, Chapman MD. IgE and IgG antibody responses to recombinant Alt a 1 as a marker of sensitization to Alternaria in asthma and atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Allergy. 2001;31:1891-5.
32. Jenmalm MC, Björkstén B. Development of immunoglobulin G subclass antibodies to ovalbumin, birch and cat during the first eight years of life in atopic and non-atopic children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 1999;10:112-21.
33. Jenmalm M.C., Björksten B. Immune Responses to Birch during the First Seven Pollen Seasons of Life, Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2001;124:321-323.
34. Rowntree S, Cogswell JJ, Platts-Mills TA, Mitchell EB. Development of IgE and IgG antibodies to food and inhalant allergens in children at risk of allergic disease. Arch Dis Child. 1985;60:727-35.
35. Tomicić S, Norrman G, Fälth-Magnusson K, Jenmalm MC, Devenney I, Böttcher MF. High levels of IgG4 antibodies to foods during infancy are associated with tolerance to corresponding foods later in life. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2009;20:35-41.
36. Noh G, Ahn HS, Cho NY, Lee S, Oh JW. The clinical significance of food specific IgE/IgG4 in food specific atopic dermatitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2007;18:63-70.
37. Geroldinger-Simic M, Zelniker T, Aberer W et al. Birch pollen- related food allergy: clinical aspects and the role of allergen- specific IgE and IgG4 antibodies. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127:616-22.
38. Lemon-Mulé H, Sampson HA, Sicherer SH, Shreffler WG, Noone S, Nowak-Wegrzyn A. Immunologic changes in children with egg allergy ingesting extensively heated egg. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;122:977-983.
39. Caubet JC, Bencharitiwong R, Moshier E, Godbold JH, Sampson HA, Nowak-Wegrzyn A. Significance of ovomucoid- and ovalbumin- specific IgE/IgG(4) ratios in egg allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;129:739-47.
40. Savilahti EM, Rantanen V, Lin JS et al. Early recovery from cow's milk allergy is associated with decreasing IgE and increasing IgG4 binding to cow's milk epitopes. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;125:1315-1321.
41. Wang J, Lin J, Bardina L, Goldis M et al. Correlation of IgE/IgG4 milk epitopes and affinity of milk-specific IgE antibodies with different phenotypes of clinical milk allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;125:695-702.
42. Jones SM, Pons L, Roberts JL et al. Clinical efficacy and immune regulation with peanut oral immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009;124:292-300.
43. Varshney P, Jones SM, Scurlock AM et al. A randomized controlled study of peanut oral immunotherapy: clinical desensitization and modulation of the allergic response. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127:654-60.
44. Skripak JM, Nash SD, Rowley H et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of milk oral immunotherapy for cow's milk allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;122(6):1154-60.
45. Buchanan AD, Green TD, Jones SM et al. Egg oral immunotherapy in nonanaphylactic children with egg allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;119:199-205.
46. Scott-Taylor TH, O'B Hourihane J, Strobel S. Correlation of allergen- specific IgG subclass antibodies and T lymphocyte cytokine responses in children with multiple food allergies. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2010;21:935-44.
47. Sverremark-Ekström E, Hultgren EH, Borres MP, Nilsson C. Peanut sensitization during the first 5 yr of life is associated with elevated levels of peanut-specific IgG. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2012;23:224-9.
48. Renaudin JM, Beaudouin E, Ponvert C, Demoly P, Moneret-Vautrin DA. Severe drug-induced anaphylaxis: analysis of 333 cases recorded by the Allergy Vigilance Network from 2002 to 2010. Allergy. Jun 2013 (e-Pub ahead of print).
49. Torres MJ, Gonzalez FJ, Mayorga C et al. IgG and IgE antibodies in subjects allergic to penicillins recognize different parts of the penicillin molecule. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1997;113:342-4.
50. Torres MJ, Mayorga C, Pamies R et al. Immunologic response to different determinants of benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin, and ampicillin. Comparison between urticaria and anaphylactic shock. Allergy. 1999;54:936-43.
51. Qiao HL, Gao N, Jia LJ, Yang J, Tian X. Specific IgG antibodies in sera in patients with penicillin allergy. Clin Exp Med. 2009;9:105-11.
52. Burks AW, Calderon MA, Casale T et al. Update on allergy immunotherapy: American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology/ European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology/ PRACTALL consensus report. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;131:1288-96.
53. Jacobsen L, Wahn U, Bilo MB. Allergen-specific immunotherapy provides immediate, long-term and preventive clinical effects in children and adults: the effects of immunotherapy can be categorised by level of benefit -the centenary of allergen specific subcutaneous immunotherapy. Clin Transl Allergy. 2012;13;2:8.
54. Rajakulasingam K. Early improvement of patients' condition during allergen-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy with a high-dose hypoallergenic 6-grass pollen preparation. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;44:128-34.
55. Akdis CA, Akdis M. Mechanisms of allergen-specific immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127:18-27.
56. Lou W, Wang C, Wang Y, Han D, Zhang L. Responses of CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+ and IL-10-secreting type I T regulatory cells to cluster specific immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis in children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2012;23:140-149.
57. Wahn U, Klimek L, Ploszczuk A et al. High-dose sublingual immunotherapy with single-dose aqueous grass pollen extract in children is effective and safe: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130:886-93.
58. Swamy RS, Reshamwala N, Hunter T et al. Epigenetic modifications and improved regulatory T-cell function in subjects undergoing dual sublingual immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130:215-24.
59. Scadding GW, Shamji MH, Jacobson MR et al. Sublingual grass pollen immunotherapy is associated with increases in sublingual Foxp3-expressing cells and elevated allergen-specific immunoglobulin G4, immunoglobulin A and serum inhibitory activity for immunoglobulin E-facilitated allergen binding to B cells. Clin Exp Allergy. 2010;40:598-606.
60. Rossi RE, Monasterolo G, Coco G, Silvestro L, Operti D. Evaluation of serum IgG4 antibodies specific to grass pollen allergen components in the follow up of allergic patients undergoing subcutaneous and sublingual immunotherapy. Vaccine. 2007;15;25:957-64.
61. Lai X, Li J, Xiao X et al. Specific IgG4 production during house dust mite immunotherapy among age, gender and allergic disease populations. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2013;160:37-46.
62. Pfaar O, Wolf H, Klimek L, Schnitker J, Wüstenberg E. Immunologic effect and tolerability of intra-seasonal subcutaneous immunotherapy with an 8-day up-dosing schedule to 10,000 standardized quality-units: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Ther. 2012;34:2072-81.
63. Gadermaier E, Staikuniene J, Scheiblhofer S et al. Recombinant allergen-based monitoring of antibody responses during injection grass pollen immunotherapy and after 5 years of discontinuation. Allergy. 2011;66:1174-82.
64. Keskin O, Tuncer A, Adalioglu G, Sekerel BE, Saçkesen C, Kalayci O. The effects of grass pollen allergoid immunotherapy on clinicaland immunological parameters in children with allergic rhinitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2006;17:396-407.
65. Brown SG, Wiese MD, van Eeden P et al. Ultrarush versus semirush initiation of insect venom immunotherapy: a randomized controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130:162-8.
66. Bilò MB, Antonicelli L, Bonifazi F. Honeybee venom immunotherapy: certainties and pitfalls. Immunotherapy. 2012;4:1153-66.
67. Savilahti EM, Saarinen KM, Savilahti E. Duration of clinical reactivity in cow's milk allergy is associated with levels of specific immunoglobulin G4 and immunoglobulin A antibodies to beta-lactoglobulin. Clin Exp Allergy. 2010;40(2):251-6.
68. Ruiter B, Knol EF, van Neerven RJ et al. Maintenance of tolerance to cow's milk in atopic individuals is characterized by high levels of specific immunoglobulin G 4. Clin Exp Allergy. 2007;37(7):1103-10.
69. Burks AW, Jones SM, Wood RA et al. Consortium of Food Allergy Research (CoFAR). Oral immunotherapy for treatment of egg allergy in children. N Engl J Med. 2012;11;367(15):1472.
70. Vickery BP, Lin J, Kulis M et al. Peanut oral immunotherapy modifies IgE and IgG4 responses to major peanut allergens. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;131:128-34.
71. Varshney P, Jones SM, Scurlock AM et al. A randomized controlled study of peanut oral immunotherapy: clinical desensitization and modulation of the allergic response. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127:654-60.
72. Jones SM, Pons L, Roberts JL et al. Clinical efficacy and immune regulation with peanut oral immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009;124(2):292-300.
73. Keet CA, Frischmeyer-Guerrerio PA, Thyagarajan A et al. The safety and efficacy of sublingual and oral immunotherapy for milk allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;129:448-55.
74. Gehlhar K, Schlaak M, Becker W, Bufe A. Monitoring allergen immunotherapy of pollen-allergic patients: the ratio of allergen-specific IgG4 to IgG1 correlates with clinical outcome. Clin Exp Allergy. 1999;29:497-506.
75. Lima MT, Wilson D, Pitkin L et al. Grass pollen sublingual immunotherapy for seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Exp Allergy. 2002;32:507-14.
76. Shamji MH, James LK, Durham SR. Serum immunologic markers for monitoring allergen-specific immunotherapy. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2011;31:311-23.
77. Jutel M, Jaeger L, Suck R, Meyer H, Fiebig H, Cromwell O. Allergen- specific immunotherapy with recombinant grass pollen allergens. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005;116:608-13.
78. Möbs C, Slotosch C, Löffler H, Pfutzner W, Hertl M. Cellular and humoral mechanisms of immune tolerance in immediate-type allergy induced by specific immunotherapy. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2008;147:171-8.
79. Ewan PW, Deighton J, Wilson AB, Lachmann PJ. Venom-specific IgG antibodies in bee and wasp allergy: lack of correlation with protection from stings. Clin Exp Allergy. 1993;23:647-660.
80. Marth K, Breyer I, Focke-Tejkl M et al. A nonallergenic birch pollen allergy vaccine consisting of hepatitis PreS-fused bet v 1 peptides focuses blocking IgG toward IgE epitopes and shifts immune responses to a tolerogenic and Th1 phenotype. J Immunol. 2013;190:3068-78.
81. Cady CT, Powell MS, Harbeck RJ et al. IgG antibodies produced during subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy mediate inhibition of basophil activation via a mechanism involving both Fcgamma- RIIA and FcgammaRIIB. Immunol Lett. 2010;130:57-65.
82. James LK, Bowen H, Calvert RA et al. Allergen specificity of Ig- G(4)-expressing B cells in patients with grass pollen allergy undergoing immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130:663-70.
83. Möbs C, Ipsen H, Mayer L et al. Birch pollen immunotherapy results in long-term loss of Bet v 1-specific TH2 responses, transient TR1 activation, and synthesis of IgE-blocking antibodies. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130:1108-16.
84. James LK, Shamji MH, Walker SM et al. Long-term tolerance after allergen immunotherapy is accompanied by selective persistence of blocking antibodies. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127:509-16.
85. Shamji MH, Ljørring C, Francis JN et al. Functional rather than immunoreactive levels of IgG4 correlate closely with clinical response to grass pollen immunotherapy. Allergy. 2012;67:217-26.
86. Flicker S, Linhart B, Wild C, Wiedermann U, Valenta R. Passive immunization with allergen-specific IgG antibodies for treatment and prevention of allergy. Immunobiology. 2013;218:884-91.
87. Hompes S, Köhli A, Nemat K, et al. Provoking allergens and treatment of anaphylaxis in children and adolescents-data from the anaphylaxis registry of German-speaking countries. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2011;22:568-74.
88. Calvani M, Cardinale F, Martelli A, et al. Risk factors for severe pediatric food anaphylaxis in Italy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2011;22:813-9.
89. Stapel SO, Asero R, Ballmer-Weber BK et al. Testing for IgG4 against foods is not recommended as a diagnostic tool: EAACI Task Force Report. Allergy. 2008;63:793-6.
90. Bock SA. AAAAI support of the EAACI Position Paper on IgG 4. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;125:1410.
91. Ahrens B, Lopes de Oliveira LC, Schulz G, et al. The role of hen's egg-specific IgE, IgG and IgG4 in the diagnostic procedure of hen's egg allergy. Allergy. 2010;65:1554-7.
92. Hochwallner H, Schulmeister U, Swoboda I, et al. Patients suffering from non-IgE-mediated cow's milk protein intolerance cannot be diagnosed based on IgG subclass or IgA responses to milk allergens. Allergy. 2011;66:1201-7.
93. Calkhoven PG, Aalbers M, Koshte VL et al. Relationship between IgG1 and IgG4 antibodies to foods and the development of IgE antibodies to inhalant allergens. II. Increased levels of IgG antibodies to foods in children who subsequently develop IgE antibodies to inhalant allergens. Clin Exp Allergy. 1991;21:99-107.
94. Eysink PE, De Jong MH, Bindels PJ et al. Relation between IgG antibodies to foods and IgE antibodies to milk, egg, cat, dog and/or mite in a cross-sectional study. Clin Exp Allergy. 1999;29:604-10.
95. Eysink PE, Bindels PJ, Stapel SO, Bottema BJ, Van Der Zee JS, Aalberse RC. Do levels of immunoglobulin G antibodies to foods predict the development of immunoglobulin E antibodies to cat, dog and/or mite? Clin Exp Allergy. 2002;32:556-62.
96. Kukkonen AK, Savilahti EM, Haahtela T, Savilahti E, Kuitunen M. Ovalbumin-specific immunoglobulins A and G levels at age 2 years are associated with the occurrence of atopic disorders. Clin Exp Allergy. 2011;41:1414-21.